Ghiţă Moscu
Encyclopedia
Ghiţă Moscu was a Romania
n socialist
and communist
activist, one of the early leaders of the Romanian Communist Party
and its permanent delegate to the Third International.
He was born in a Jewish family, in the city of Iaşi
, in north-eastern Romania. Before the First World War he was engaged in the pacifist anti-war movement, writing articles in the socialist youth press. During this period, he also held important positions in the commercial employees’ trade union. During the war he gradually moved toward communism, and in December 1918 was arrested and jailed for "attack on public security". In 1921 he left Romania for Soviet Russia with his wife Clara (also known under the pseudonym Ana Bădulescu).
In 1921 he headed the Romanian delegation to the Third Comintern Congress, and was elected member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International
as the only Romanian
representative. At the same Congress his wife was elected in the International Women’s Secretariat. Afterwards he settled in Moscow
, and was active in the Comintern press. In 1924 he was admitted in the Bolshevik Party
, and later that year participated in Romanian Communist Party's third congress, that took place in Vienna
. During most of the interwar, Moscu remained the RCP permanent delegate to the Comintern
.
In the late 20s, Moscu was entrusted with a high position in the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, but he was eventually killed in 1938, during the Great Purge
, accused of “bourgeois nationalism
". He was later rehabilitated, first in the USSR and then in Romania, during the de-stalinization
campaigns in the Eastern Bloc
.
, Moscu was nominated one of the three main leaders by the Executive Committee of the Soviet Communist Party. The others were Max Goldstein
and the ethnic Russian Kalifarski.
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
n socialist
Socialism
Socialism is an economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of production and cooperative management of the economy; or a political philosophy advocating such a system. "Social ownership" may refer to any one of, or a combination of, the following: cooperative enterprises,...
and communist
Communism
Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...
activist, one of the early leaders of the Romanian Communist Party
Romanian Communist Party
The Romanian Communist Party was a communist political party in Romania. Successor to the Bolshevik wing of the Socialist Party of Romania, it gave ideological endorsement to communist revolution and the disestablishment of Greater Romania. The PCR was a minor and illegal grouping for much of the...
and its permanent delegate to the Third International.
He was born in a Jewish family, in the city of Iaşi
Iasi
Iași is the second most populous city and a municipality in Romania. Located in the historical Moldavia region, Iași has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Romanian social, cultural, academic and artistic life...
, in north-eastern Romania. Before the First World War he was engaged in the pacifist anti-war movement, writing articles in the socialist youth press. During this period, he also held important positions in the commercial employees’ trade union. During the war he gradually moved toward communism, and in December 1918 was arrested and jailed for "attack on public security". In 1921 he left Romania for Soviet Russia with his wife Clara (also known under the pseudonym Ana Bădulescu).
In 1921 he headed the Romanian delegation to the Third Comintern Congress, and was elected member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International
Executive Committee of the Communist International
The Executive Committee of the Communist International, commonly known by its acronym, ECCI, was the governing authority of the Comintern between the World Congresses of that body...
as the only Romanian
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
representative. At the same Congress his wife was elected in the International Women’s Secretariat. Afterwards he settled in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, and was active in the Comintern press. In 1924 he was admitted in the Bolshevik Party
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the only legal, ruling political party in the Soviet Union and one of the largest communist organizations in the world...
, and later that year participated in Romanian Communist Party's third congress, that took place in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
. During most of the interwar, Moscu remained the RCP permanent delegate to the Comintern
Comintern
The Communist International, abbreviated as Comintern, also known as the Third International, was an international communist organization initiated in Moscow during March 1919...
.
In the late 20s, Moscu was entrusted with a high position in the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, but he was eventually killed in 1938, during the Great Purge
Great Purge
The Great Purge was a series of campaigns of political repression and persecution in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1936 to 1938...
, accused of “bourgeois nationalism
Bourgeois nationalism
Bourgeois nationalism is a term from Marxist phraseology. It refers to the alleged practice by the ruling classes of deliberately dividing people by nationality, race, ethnicity, or religion, so as to distract them from possible class warfare...
". He was later rehabilitated, first in the USSR and then in Romania, during the de-stalinization
De-Stalinization
De-Stalinization refers to the process of eliminating the cult of personality, Stalinist political system and the Gulag labour-camp system created by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. Stalin was succeeded by a collective leadership after his death in March 1953...
campaigns in the Eastern Bloc
Eastern bloc
The term Eastern Bloc or Communist Bloc refers to the former communist states of Eastern and Central Europe, generally the Soviet Union and the countries of the Warsaw Pact...
.
Legacy
During the Tatarbunary revolt in 1924Tatarbunary Uprising
The Tatarbunary Uprising was a Bolshevik-inspired peasant revolt that took place on 15–18 September 1924, in and around the town of Tatarbunary in Budjak , then part of Greater Romania, now part of Odessa Oblast, Ukraine...
, Moscu was nominated one of the three main leaders by the Executive Committee of the Soviet Communist Party. The others were Max Goldstein
Max Goldstein
Max Goldstein , also known as Coca, was a Romanian revolutionary, variously described as a communist and an anarchist.Born in Bârlad to a Jewish family, he worked as a clerk and moved to Bucharest, where he became a Communist sympathizer...
and the ethnic Russian Kalifarski.