Grange Road railway station
Encyclopedia
Grange Road was a railway station on the Three Bridges to Tunbridge Wells Central Line
which closed in 1967, a casualty of the Beeching Axe
.
The original proposal to construct the railway line drew objections from one J.H. Wilson, the owner of "The Grange" house, who refused to allow a station on his estate and demanded that the line be deviated through a tunnel. The railway company was not prepared to go to such expense and it was agreed instead that the route of the line would be shifted north. Wilson still stubbornly refused to part with his land and required the matter to be taken to arbitration under the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845. Before the arbitrator he demanded £5,500 compensation, but only received £1,400.
In deference to Mr Wilson, the station, which opened in March 1860, was named "Grange Road" and later "Grange Road for Crawley Down and Turners Hill". At first, only three trains a day called at the station but this changed from 2 April 1860 when all trains would stop there upon request. It ceased to be a request stop in 1865 and was rebuilt on an enlarged scale in 1876, with a footbridge added in 1897. The arrival of the railway provided the impetus for wealthy Victorian entrepreneurs to build large estates in what had previously been an entirely agricultural area. Seeing the development potential, farmers such as Arthur Royds, the owner of Down Park Farm, sold off their farmland. Royds' farm was sold to James Harrison, a barrister from Caterham
, who had a mansion built on the site. These large estates required domestic staff and became major employers in the area, drawing yet more migrants many of whom married and settled in the area.
Although the railway did attract a large influx of migrants to what became Crawley Down
which developed further in the 1930s, the real expansion of the community came between the years 1971 to 1981 when the population more than doubled, notably with the construction of the Burleigh Wood housing estate. This was too late to save the railway line and Grange Road station which closed in 1967 under the programme put forward by East Grinstead resident and British Rail
Chairman, Richard Beeching
. The station was closed irrespective of the fact that annual takings were over £5,000, and 80 people were using the station every day to commute up to London.
The station buildings were swept away to be replaced by a small parade of shops with flats above them and a new medical centre. The nearest station is now some distance away and, at a time where Crawley Down has been singled out for future residential expansion, the town finds itself relatively isolated from public transport. As noted by Mid Sussex District Council in February 2007, "whilst there is a reasonable bus service to East Grinstead from Crawley Down, the nearest railway station (in East Grinstead) is over five kilometres away. It is highly likely that residents will have to use private transport to access virtually all services, including even those provided within the village. This would bring about associated environmental problems."
Three Bridges to Tunbridge Wells Central Line
The Three Bridges to Tunbridge Wells Central Line was a railway line running from Three Bridges in West Sussex to Tunbridge Wells Central in Kent via East Grinstead in East Sussex, a distance of . Opened in 1855, the main section of the line was a casualty of the Beeching Axe the last train ran on...
which closed in 1967, a casualty of the Beeching Axe
Beeching Axe
The Beeching Axe or the Beeching Cuts are informal names for the British Government's attempt in the 1960s to reduce the cost of running British Railways, the nationalised railway system in the United Kingdom. The name is that of the main author of The Reshaping of British Railways, Dr Richard...
.
The original proposal to construct the railway line drew objections from one J.H. Wilson, the owner of "The Grange" house, who refused to allow a station on his estate and demanded that the line be deviated through a tunnel. The railway company was not prepared to go to such expense and it was agreed instead that the route of the line would be shifted north. Wilson still stubbornly refused to part with his land and required the matter to be taken to arbitration under the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act 1845. Before the arbitrator he demanded £5,500 compensation, but only received £1,400.
Caterham
Caterham is a town in the Tandridge District of Surrey, England. The town is geographically divided into two sections: Caterham on the Hill and Caterham Valley - the main town centre. The town lies close to the A22, a few miles south of Croydon, in a valley cut into the dip slope of the North Downs...
, who had a mansion built on the site. These large estates required domestic staff and became major employers in the area, drawing yet more migrants many of whom married and settled in the area.
Although the railway did attract a large influx of migrants to what became Crawley Down
Crawley Down
Crawley Down is a village in the Mid Sussex district of West Sussex, England. There is one church, one school, and a number of social groups. It lies seven miles from Gatwick Airport. Nearest railway stations are Three Bridges and East Grinstead...
which developed further in the 1930s, the real expansion of the community came between the years 1971 to 1981 when the population more than doubled, notably with the construction of the Burleigh Wood housing estate. This was too late to save the railway line and Grange Road station which closed in 1967 under the programme put forward by East Grinstead resident and British Rail
British Rail
British Railways , which from 1965 traded as British Rail, was the operator of most of the rail transport in Great Britain between 1948 and 1997. It was formed from the nationalisation of the "Big Four" British railway companies and lasted until the gradual privatisation of British Rail, in stages...
Chairman, Richard Beeching
Richard Beeching
Richard Beeching, Baron Beeching , commonly known as Doctor Beeching, was chairman of British Railways and a physicist and engineer...
. The station was closed irrespective of the fact that annual takings were over £5,000, and 80 people were using the station every day to commute up to London.
The station buildings were swept away to be replaced by a small parade of shops with flats above them and a new medical centre. The nearest station is now some distance away and, at a time where Crawley Down has been singled out for future residential expansion, the town finds itself relatively isolated from public transport. As noted by Mid Sussex District Council in February 2007, "whilst there is a reasonable bus service to East Grinstead from Crawley Down, the nearest railway station (in East Grinstead) is over five kilometres away. It is highly likely that residents will have to use private transport to access virtually all services, including even those provided within the village. This would bring about associated environmental problems."