Grawemeyer Award
Encyclopedia
The Grawemeyer Awards are five awards given annually by the University of Louisville
University of Louisville
The University of Louisville is a public university in Louisville, Kentucky. When founded in 1798, it was the first city-owned public university in the United States and one of the first universities chartered west of the Allegheny Mountains. The university is mandated by the Kentucky General...

 in the state of Kentucky
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. The prizes are presented to individuals in the fields of education, ideas improving world order, music composition, religion, and psychology
Psychology
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society...

. The religion award is presented jointly by the University of Louisville and the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary
Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary
Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary is a seminary affiliated with the Presbyterian Church , located in Louisville, Kentucky. It is one of ten official PC seminaries....

. Initially, the awards came with a bonus of US$
United States dollar
The United States dollar , also referred to as the American dollar, is the official currency of the United States of America. It is divided into 100 smaller units called cents or pennies....

150,000 each, making them among the most lucrative in their respective fields. This cash prize increased to $200,000 beginning in 2000. Beginning in 2011 the award amount dropped to $100,000 after the fund for the prize lost money due to a drop in the stock market.

The first award, for Music Composition
Grawemeyer Award (Music Composition)
The Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition is an annual prize instituted by H. Charles Grawemeyer, industrialist and entrepreneur, at the University of Louisville in 1984. The award was first given in 1985...

, was presented in 1985. The award for Ideas Improving World Order was added in 1988 and Education in 1989. In 1990, a fourth award, Religion, was added as a joint prize between the University and the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary. Psychology was added in 2000; the first award was given in 2001.

Notable winners include former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev (world order); Academy Award-winning composer Tan Dun (music composition); German theologian Jürgen Moltmann (religion); Aaron Beck, considered the founder of cognitive therapy (psychology); and former Andrew W. Mellon Foundation President William G. Bowen and former Harvard University President Derek Bok (education).

H. Charles Grawemeyer
Charles Grawemeyer
Charles Grawemeyer , industrialist, entrepreneur, astute investor and philanthropist, created the Grawemeyer Award at the University of Louisville in 1984...

 (1912–1993), industrialist, entrepreneur, astute investor and philanthropist, created the awards at the University of Louisville in 1984. An initial endowment of $9 million from the Grawemeyer Foundation funded the awards, which have drawn thousands of nominations from around the world.

Although the University of Louisville graduate was a chemical engineer by schooling, Grawemeyer cherished the liberal arts and chose to honor powerful ideas in five fields in performing arts, the humanities, and the social sciences.

Grawemeyer distinguished the awards by honoring ideas rather than life-long or publicized personal achievement. He also insisted that the selection process for each of the five awards—though dominated by professionals-include one step involving a lay committee knowledgeable in each field. As Grawemeyer saw it, great ideas should be understandable to someone with general knowledge and not be the private treasure of academics.

Education

  • 1989: Bertrand Schwartz
  • 1990: Howard Gardner
    Howard Gardner
    Howard Earl Gardner is an American developmental psychologist who is a professor of Cognition and Education at Harvard Graduate School of Education at Harvard University, Senior Director of Harvard Project Zero and author of over twenty books translated into thirty languages. Since 1995, he has...

  • 1991: Kieran Egan
  • 1992: Carol Gilligan
    Carol Gilligan
    Carol Gilligan is an American feminist, ethicist, and psychologist best known for her work with and against Lawrence Kohlberg on ethical community and ethical relationships, and certain subject-object problems in ethics. She is currently a Professor at New York University and a Visiting Professor...

  • 1993: Roland Tharp and Ronald Gallimore
  • 1994: John T. Bruer
  • 1995: Shirley Brice Heath and Milbrey W. McLaughlin
  • 1996: Victoria Purcell-Gates
    Victoria Purcell-Gates
    Victoria Purcell-Gates is an internationally-recognized researcher and professor in the field of literacy education. Using both qualitative and quantitative research methods, Dr. Purcell-Gates' research interests include the social and cultural literacy practices experienced by both children and...

  • 1997: Mike Rose
    Mike Rose (educator)
    Mike Rose is a nationally recognized American education scholar and is noted for his significant contribution to the study of literacy and for his insights into the struggles of working-class America...

  • 1998: L. Scott Miller
  • 1999: Not awarded
  • 2000: Vanessa Siddle Walker
  • 2001: William G. Bowen
    William G. Bowen
    William G. Bowen is President Emeritus of The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation where he served as President from 1988 to 2006. He was the president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988....

     and Derek Bok
  • 2002: Martha Nussbaum
    Martha Nussbaum
    Martha Nussbaum , is an American philosopher with a particular interest in ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, political philosophy and ethics....

  • 2003: Deborah Brandt
  • 2004: Not awarded
  • 2005: Elliot W. Eisner
    Elliot W. Eisner
    Elliot Eisner is emeritus professor of Art and Education at the Stanford University School of Education. He is active in several fields including arts education, curriculum reform, qualitative research, and is the recipient of a Grawemeyer Award in 2005 for his work in education as well as the...

  • 2006: Lee Shulman
    Lee Shulman
    Lee S. Shulman is an educational psychologist who has made notable contributions to the study of teacher education, assessment of teaching, and education in the fields of medicine, science and mathematics...

  • 2007: Walter S Gilliam. Edward F. Zigler, and Stephanie M. Jones
  • 2010: Keith Stanovich
    Keith Stanovich
    Keith E. Stanovich is the Canada Research Chair of Applied Cognitive Science at the Department of Human Development and Applied Psychology, University of Toronto. His research areas are the psychology of reasoning and the psychology of reading...


Improving world order

  • 1988: Richard Neustadt
    Richard Neustadt
    Richard Elliott Neustadt was an American political scientist specializing in the United States presidency. He also served as advisor to several presidents.-Biography:...

     and Ernest May
    Ernest May (historian)
    Ernest Richard May was an American historian of international relations whose 14 published books include analyses of American involvement in World War I and the causes of the Fall of France during World War II...

  • 1989: Robert Keohane
    Robert Keohane
    Robert O. Keohane is an American academic, who, following the publication of his influential book After Hegemony , became widely associated with the theory of neoliberal institutionalism in international relations...

  • 1990: Robert Jervis
    Robert Jervis
    Robert Jervis is the Adlai E. Stevenson Professor of International Affairs at Columbia University, and has been a member of the faculty since 1980. Jervis was the recipient of the 1990 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order...

  • 1991: The United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development
    Brundtland Commission
    The Brundtland Commission, formally the World Commission on Environment and Development , known by the name of its Chair Gro Harlem Brundtland, was convened by the United Nations in 1983...

  • 1992: Samuel Huntington
    Samuel P. Huntington
    Samuel Phillips Huntington was an influential American political scientist who wrote highly-regarded books in a half-dozen sub-fields of political science, starting in 1957...

    ; Herman Daly
    Herman Daly
    Herman Daly is an American ecological economist and professor at the School of Public Policy of University of Maryland, College Park in the United States....

     and John Cobb
    John B. Cobb
    John B. Cobb, Jr. is an American United Methodist theologian who played a crucial role in the development of process theology. He integrated Alfred North Whitehead's metaphysics into Christianity, and applied it to issues of social justice.-Biography:John Cobb was born in Kobe, Japan in 1925 to...

  • 1993: Donald Harman Akenson
  • 1994: Mikhail Gorbachev
    Mikhail Gorbachev
    Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the last head of state of the USSR, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991...

  • 1995: Gareth Evans
    Gareth Evans (politician)
    Gareth John Evans, AO, QC , is a former Australian politician from 1978 to 1999 representing the Australian Labor Party, serving in a number of ministries including Attorney-General and Foreign Minister from 1983 to 1996 in the Hawke and Keating governments. He was president and chief executive...

  • 1996: Max Singer and Aaron Wildavsky
    Aaron Wildavsky
    Aaron Wildavsky was an American political scientist known for his pioneering work in public policy, government budgeting, and risk management....

  • 1997: Herbert Kelman
    Herbert Kelman
    Herbert C. Kelman is the Richard Clarke Cabot Professor of Social Ethics, Emeritus at Harvard University. He was known for his work in the Middle East including a 1989 off-the-record meeting between members of the P.L.O. and Israeli politicians and academics in an effort to bring the two sides...

  • 1998: Not awarded
  • 1999: Not awarded
  • 2000: Margaret E. Keck and Kathryn Sikkink
  • 2001: Janine Wedel
  • 2002: Not awarded
  • 2003: Stuart Kaufman
  • 2004: John Braithwaite
    John Braithwaite (academic)
    John Braithwaite is an academic at the Australian National University . As a criminologist, he is particularly interested in the role of restorative justice, shame management and reintegration in crime prevention. His book Crime, Shame and Reintegration demonstrated that current criminal...

     and Peter Drahos
    Peter Drahos
    Professor Peter Drahos is an Australian academic and researcher specializing in the areas of intellectual property and global business regulation amongst others. He is the Director of the Centre for Governance of Knowledge and Development and the Head of Program of the Regulatory Institutions...

  • 2005: Francis Deng
    Francis Deng
    On 29 May 2007, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced the appointment of Dr. Francis M. Deng of the Sudan as the new Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide, a position he holds at the level of Under-Secretary General....

     and Roberta Cohen
  • 2006: Fiona Terry
  • 2007: Roland Paris
  • 2008: Philip E. Tetlock
    Philip E. Tetlock
    Philip E. Tetlock is Leonore Annenberg University Professor of Psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. He has also written several non-fiction books on politics, including Counterfactual Thought Experiments in World Politics and "Expert Political Judgment: How Good Is It? How Can We...

  • 2009: Michael Johnston
  • 2010: Trita Parsi
    Trita Parsi
    Trita Parsi is the current president and founder of the National Iranian American Council, and author of the 2007 book, Treacherous Alliance: The Secret Dealings of Israel, Iran, and the United States.-Biography:...

  • 2011: Kevin Bales
    Kevin Bales
    Kevin Bales is an expert on modern slavery and President of Free the Slaves. Free the Slaves is the US sister organization of Anti-Slavery International, the world’s oldest human rights organization. He is currently based in Washington, D.C....


Music composition

  • 1985: Witold Lutosławski
  • 1986: György Ligeti
    György Ligeti
    György Sándor Ligeti was a composer of contemporary classical music. Born in a Hungarian Jewish family in Transylvania, Romania, he briefly lived in Hungary before becoming an Austrian citizen.-Early life:...

  • 1987: Harrison Birtwistle
    Harrison Birtwistle
    Sir Harrison Paul Birtwistle CH is a British contemporary composer.-Life:Birtwistle was born in Accrington, a mill town in Lancashire some 20 miles north of Manchester. His interest in music was encouraged by his mother, who bought him a clarinet when he was seven, and arranged for him to have...

  • 1988: Not awarded
  • 1989: Chinary Ung
    Chinary Ung
    Chinary Ung is a composer now living in the United States. After arriving in the United States in 1964 to study the clarinet, Ung studied composition with Chou Wen-chung and Mario Davidovsky. Ung is noted for combining traditional Cambodian musical elements with western instrumentation...

  • 1990: Joan Tower
    Joan Tower
    Joan Tower is a Grammy-winning contemporary American composer, concert pianist and conductor. Lauded by the New Yorker as "one of the most successful woman composers of all time", her bold and energetic compositions have been performed in concert halls around the world...

  • 1991: John Corigliano
    John Corigliano
    John Corigliano is an American composer of classical music and a teacher of music. He is a distinguished professor of music at Lehman College in the City University of New York.-Biography:...

  • 1992: Krzysztof Penderecki
    Krzysztof Penderecki
    Krzysztof Penderecki , born November 23, 1933 in Dębica) is a Polish composer and conductor. His 1960 avant-garde Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima for string orchestra brought him to international attention, and this success was followed by acclaim for his choral St. Luke Passion. Both these...

  • 1993: Karel Husa
    Karel Husa
    Karel Husa is a Czech-born classical composer and conductor, winner of the 1969 Pulitzer Prize and 1993 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Music Composition...

  • 1994: Toru Takemitsu
    Toru Takemitsu
    was a Japanese composer and writer on aesthetics and music theory. Largely self-taught, Takemitsu possessed consummate skill in the subtle manipulation of instrumental and orchestral timbre...

  • 1995: John Adams
  • 1996: Ivan Tcherepnin
    Ivan Tcherepnin
    Ivan Tcherepnin was an experimental, then later modernist/postmodernist, composer. He was born into a highly musical family, his father and grandfather, Alexander and Nikolai, being distinguished Russian composers, and his mother Ming a well-known pianist...

  • 1997: Simon Bainbridge
    Simon Bainbridge
    Simon Bainbridge is a British composer, and a professor and former head of composition at the Royal Academy of Music, London, and visiting professor at the University of Louisville, Kentucky in the United States.-Biography:...

  • 1998: Tan Dun
    Tan Dun
    Tan Dun is a Chinese contemporary classical composer, most widely known for his scores for the movies Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero.-Early life in China:...

  • 1999: Not awarded
  • 2000: Thomas Adès
    Thomas Adès
    Thomas Adès is a British composer, pianist and conductor.-Biography:Adès studied piano with Paul Berkowitz and later composition with Robert Saxton at Guildhall School of Music and Drama, London...

  • 2001: Pierre Boulez
    Pierre Boulez
    Pierre Boulez is a French composer of contemporary classical music, a pianist, and a conductor.-Early years:Boulez was born in Montbrison, Loire, France. As a child he began piano lessons and demonstrated aptitude in both music and mathematics...

  • 2002: Aaron Jay Kernis
    Aaron Jay Kernis
    Aaron Jay Kernis is an American composer and professor at the Yale School of Music.-Biography:Aaron Jay Kernis is Jewish, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and studied at the Manhattan School of Music, the San Francisco Conservatory, and Yale University .,Notable works include the...

  • 2003: Kaija Saariaho
    Kaija Saariaho
    Kaija Saariaho is a Finnish composer.Kaija Saariaho studied composition in Helsinki, Freiburg and Paris, where she has lived since 1982. Her studies and research at IRCAM have had a major influence on her music and her characteristically luxuriant and mysterious textures are often created by...

  • 2004: Unsuk Chin
    Unsuk Chin
    Unsuk Chin , is a South Korean composer of classical music, based in Berlin, Germany. She was awarded the Grawemeyer Award in 2004 and the Arnold Schönberg Prize in 2005.- Biography :...

  • 2005: George Tsontakis
    George Tsontakis
    George Tsontakis is an American composer and conductor.Tsontakis studied composition with Hugo Weisgall and Roger Sessions at the Juilliard School from 1974 to 1978, and later with Franco Donatoni at the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome...

  • 2006: György Kurtág
    György Kurtág
    György Kurtág is a Hungarian composer of contemporary music.- Biography :György Kurtág was born in Lugoj in the Banat region, Romania.In 1946, he began his studies at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest, where he met his wife, Márta, and also György Ligeti, who became a close friend...

  • 2007: Sebastian Currier
    Sebastian Currier
    Sebastian Currier is an American composer of music for chamber groups and orchestras. He was also a professor of music at Columbia University from 1999 to 2007.-Life:...

  • 2008: Peter Lieberson
    Peter Lieberson
    Peter Lieberson was an American composer. He was ballerina and choreographer Vera Zorina and Goddard Lieberson, president of Columbia Records....

  • 2009: Brett Dean
    Brett Dean
    Brett Dean is a contemporary Australian composer, violist and conductor.-Career:Dean studied at the Queensland Conservatorium where he received a Medal of Excellence. From 1985 to 1999, Dean was a violist in the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra. In 2000, he decided to pursue a career as a freelance...

  • 2010: York Höller
    York Höller
    York Höller is a German composer and Professor of composition at the Hochschule für Musik Köln.-Biography:Between 1963 and 1970 Höller studied at the Cologne Musikhochschule: composition with Joachim Blume and Bernd Alois Zimmermann, piano with Else Schmitz-Gohrand Alfons Kontarsky, and orchestral...

  • 2011: Louis Andriessen
    Louis Andriessen
    Louis Andriessen is a Dutch composer and pianist based in Amsterdam. He teaches composition at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague...

  • 2012: Esa-Pekka Salonen
    Esa-Pekka Salonen
    Esa-Pekka Salonen is a Finnish orchestral conductor and composer. He is currently Principal Conductor and Artistic Advisor of the Philharmonia Orchestra in London and Conductor Laureate of the Los Angeles Philharmonic.-Early career:...


Psychology

  • 2001: Michael Posner, Marcus Raichle
    Marcus Raichle
    Marcus Raichle is a neurologist at the Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis. He is a professor in the Department of Radiology with joint appointments in Neurology, Neurobiology and Biomedical Engineering...

     and Steven Petersen
  • 2002: James McClelland and David Rumelhart
    David Rumelhart
    David Everett Rumelhart was an American psychologist who made many contributions to the formal analysis of human cognition, working primarily within the frameworks of mathematical psychology, symbolic artificial intelligence, and parallel distributed processing...

  • 2003: Daniel Kahneman
    Daniel Kahneman
    Daniel Kahneman is an Israeli-American psychologist and Nobel laureate. He is notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, behavioral economics and hedonic psychology....

     and Amos Tversky
    Amos Tversky
    Amos Nathan Tversky, was a cognitive and mathematical psychologist, a pioneer of cognitive science, a longtime collaborator of Daniel Kahneman, and a key figure in the discovery of systematic human cognitive bias and handling of risk. Much of his early work concerned the foundations of measurement...

  • 2004: Aaron Beck
  • 2005: Elizabeth Loftus
    Elizabeth Loftus
    Elizabeth F. Loftus is an American psychologist and expert on human memory. She has conducted extensive research on the misinformation effect and the nature of false memories. Loftus has been recognized throughout the world for her work, receiving numerous awards and honorary degrees...

  • 2006: John O'Keefe
    John O'Keefe
    John O'Keefe may refer to:* John O'Keeffe , sometimes O'Keefe, Irish playwright* John O'Keeffe , an Irish painter* John A. O'Keefe , American planetary scientist...

     and Lynn Nadel
    Lynn Nadel
    Lynn Nadel is the Regents' Professor of Psychology at the University of Arizona. Nadel specializes in memory, and has investigated the role of the hippocampus in memory formation. Together with John O'Keefe, he coauthored the influential 1978 book The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map, which...

  • 2007: Giacomo Rizzolatti
    Giacomo Rizzolatti
    Giacomo Rizzolatti is an Italian Neurophysiologist who works at the University of Parma. He is the Senior Scientist of the research team that discovered mirror neurons in the frontal and parietal cortex of the macaque monkey, and has written many scientific articles on the topic. He is a past...

    , Vittorio Gallesi and Leonardo Fogassi
  • 2008: Albert Bandura
    Albert Bandura
    Albert Bandura is a psychologist and the David Starr Jordan Professor Emeritus of Social Science in Psychology at Stanford University...

  • 2009: Anne Treisman
    Anne Treisman
    Anne Marie Treisman FRS is a psychologist currently at Princeton University's Department of Psychology. She researches visual attention, object perception, and memory. One of her most influential ideas is the feature integration theory of attention, first published with G. Gelade in 1980...

  • 2010: Ronald Melzack
    Ronald Melzack
    Ronald Melzack, is a Canadian psychologist.After studying for his Ph.D. in 1954 with D. O. Hebb at McGill University in Montreal, he began to work with patients who suffered from "phantom limb" pain — people who feel pain in an arm or leg that has been removed...

  • 2011: Walter Mischel
    Walter Mischel
    Walter Mischel is an American psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology. He is the Robert Johnston Niven Professor of Humane Letters in the Department of Psychology at Columbia University.-Early life:...


Religion

  • 1990: E.P. Sanders
  • 1991: John Hick
    John Hick
    Professor John Harwood Hick is a philosopher of religion and theologian. In philosophical theology, he has made contributions in the areas of theodicy, eschatology, and Christology, and in the philosophy of religion he has contributed to the areas of epistemology of religion and religious...

  • 1992: Ralph Harper
  • 1993: Elizabeth Johnson
    Elizabeth Johnson
    Elizabeth A. Johnson is a Christian feminist theologian. She is a Distinguished Professor of Theology at Fordham University, a Jesuit institution in New York City. She is a member of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Brentwood....

  • 1994: Stephen L. Carter
    Stephen L. Carter
    Stephen L. Carter is an American law professor, legal- and social-policy writer, columnist, and best-selling novelist.-Education:...

  • 1995: Diana L. Eck
    Diana L. Eck
    Diana L. Eck is Professor of Comparative Religion and Indian Studies, as well as a Master of Lowell House and the Director of The Pluralism Project, at Harvard University...

  • 1996: Not awarded
  • 1997: Larry L. Rasmussen
  • 1998: Charles R. Marsh
  • 1999: Not awarded
  • 2000: Jürgen Moltmann
    Jürgen Moltmann
    Jürgen Moltmann is a German Reformed theologian. The 2000 recipient of the Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion.-Moltmann's Youth:...

  • 2001: James Kugel
    James Kugel
    James L. Kugel is chair of the Institute for the History of the Jewish Bible at Bar Ilan University in Israel and the Harry M. Starr Professor Emeritus of Classical and Modern Hebrew Literature at Harvard University....

  • 2002: Miroslav Volf
    Miroslav Volf
    Miroslav Volf is an influential Christian theologian and currently the Henry B. Wright Professor of Theology at Yale University Divinity School and Director of the Yale Center for Faith and Culture, which focuses in part on workplace spirituality. He has been a member in both the Episcopal...

  • 2003: Mark Juergensmeyer
    Mark Juergensmeyer
    thumb | right | 150px | Mark Juergensmeyer Mark Juergensmeyer is an American scholar and writer best known for his studies of religious violence and...

  • 2004: Jonathan Sacks
    Jonathan Sacks
    Jonathan Henry Sacks, Baron Sacks, Kt is the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth. His Hebrew name is Yaakov Zvi...

  • 2005: George Marsden
    George Marsden
    George M. Marsden is an historian who has written extensively on the interaction between Christianity and American culture, particularly on Christianity in American higher education and on American Evangelicalism...

  • 2006: Marilynne Robinson
    Marilynne Robinson
    -Biography:Robinson was born and grew up in Sandpoint, Idaho, and did her undergraduate work at Pembroke College, the former women's college at Brown University, receiving her B.A., magna cum laude in 1966, where she was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. She received her Ph.D...

  • 2007: Timothy Tyson
  • 2008: Margaret A. Farley
  • 2009: Donald Shriver Jr.
  • 2010: Eboo Patel
    Eboo Patel
    Eboo Patel is a member of President Barack Obama's inaugural Advisory Council on Faith-Based Neighborhood Partnerships. He is an American Muslim of Gujarati Indian heritage and founder and president of the ,...

  • 2011: Luke Timothy Johnson
    Luke Timothy Johnson
    Luke Timothy Johnson is the Robert W. Woodruff Professor of New Testament and Christian Origins at Candler School of Theology and a Senior Fellow at the Center for the Study of Law and Religion at Emory University...

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