Hami Prefecture
Encyclopedia
Kumul Prefecture, also known as Hami Prefecture (simplified Chinese: 哈密地区; pinyin
: Hāmì Dìqū; ) is located in eastern Xinjiang
, China
. It has an area
of 140,749 km² and 492,096 inhabitants (2000).
established this region as Kumul (Hami) Prefecture in 1404 after the Mongol kingdom Qara Del
accepted its supremacy. But it was later controlled by Oirat Mongols. Since the 18th century, Kumul became the center of the Kumul Khanate
, a semi-autonomous vassal state within the Qing Empire and the Republic of China
as part of Xinjiang. The last ruler of the khanate was Maqsud Shah
.
, 18.42% are Uyghur
, 8.76% are Kazakh
, 2.97% are Hui
, with the remainder belonging to other nationalities.
mine in Hami is estimated to contain reserves of over 15.8 million tons of the metal, it therefore ranks as China's second largest nickel mine. Around 900,000 tons of nickel has already been detected.
Some local copper
and nickel mining enterprises are reported to have begun operation, with Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Group mining company running its nickel smelter crude production furnace at Hami Industrial Park.
The Hami area is known for its large amount of high quality raw resources with 76 kinds of metals already detected. The major mineral resources of this area include coal
, iron
, copper, nickel, gold
.
Pinyin
Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...
: Hāmì Dìqū; ) is located in eastern Xinjiang
Xinjiang
Xinjiang is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and spans over 1.6 million km2...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. It has an area
Area
Area is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat...
of 140,749 km² and 492,096 inhabitants (2000).
History
The Ming DynastyMing Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
established this region as Kumul (Hami) Prefecture in 1404 after the Mongol kingdom Qara Del
Qara Del
Qara Del was a Mongol Kingdom that existed in Hami in present-day Xinjiang. It was founded by the Yuan price Gunashiri, a descendant of Chagatai Khan, in the late 14th century , and ruled by the Chagatayids thereafter until 1463. It was destroyed as results of the wars between Ming China and Oirat...
accepted its supremacy. But it was later controlled by Oirat Mongols. Since the 18th century, Kumul became the center of the Kumul Khanate
Kumul Khanate
The Kumul Khanate was a semi-autonomous feudal khanate within the Qing dynasty and then the Republic of China until it was abolished by Xinjiang governor Jin Shuren in 1930.- History :...
, a semi-autonomous vassal state within the Qing Empire and the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
as part of Xinjiang. The last ruler of the khanate was Maqsud Shah
Maqsud Shah
Maqsud Shah , was the Uyghur Khan or Prince of the Kumul Khanate from 1908 to 1930. He also held the title Hami Wang, King/Prince of Hami.-Reign:He succeeded his father Muhammmad Shah in 1908 as Khan of Kumul...
.
Demographics
Of its inhabitants, 68.95% are HanHan Chinese
Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the...
, 18.42% are Uyghur
Uyghur people
The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China...
, 8.76% are Kazakh
Kazakhs
The Kazakhs are a Turkic people of the northern parts of Central Asia ....
, 2.97% are Hui
Hui people
The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's...
, with the remainder belonging to other nationalities.
Administrative divisions
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur Uyghur language Uyghur , formerly known as Eastern Turk, is a Turkic language with 8 to 11 million speakers, spoken primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of Western China. Significant communities of Uyghur-speakers are located in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, and various other... |
Population (2003 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kumul City (Hami City) | 哈密市 | Hāmì Shì | قۇمۇل شەھىرى | Qumul Shehiri | 400,000 | 81,794 | 5 |
| 2 | Yiwu County Yiwu County The Yiwu County is a county within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Hami Prefecture. It contains an area of 19,511 km2... |
伊吾县 | Yīwú Xiàn | ئارا تۈرۈك ناھىيىسى | Ara Türük Nahiyisi | 20,000 | 19,821 | 1 |
| 3 | Barkol Kazakh Autonomous County | 巴里坤哈萨克自治县 | Bālǐkūn Hāsàkè Zìzhìxiàn | ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى باركۆل قازاق | Barköl Qazaq Aptonom Nahiyisi | 100,000 | 37,304 | 3 |
Mineral resources
A newly discovered nickelNickel
Nickel is a chemical element with the chemical symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile...
mine in Hami is estimated to contain reserves of over 15.8 million tons of the metal, it therefore ranks as China's second largest nickel mine. Around 900,000 tons of nickel has already been detected.
Some local copper
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...
and nickel mining enterprises are reported to have begun operation, with Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals Group mining company running its nickel smelter crude production furnace at Hami Industrial Park.
The Hami area is known for its large amount of high quality raw resources with 76 kinds of metals already detected. The major mineral resources of this area include coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
, iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
, copper, nickel, gold
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...
.