Harland and Wolff
Encyclopedia
Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries is a Northern Irish heavy industrial
company, specialising in shipbuilding
and offshore construction
, located in Belfast
, Northern Ireland
.
The shipyard has built many ships; among the more famous are the White Star
trio Olympic
, Titanic and Britannic
, the Royal Navy
's HMS Belfast, Royal Mail's Andes, Shaw Savill's Southern Cross
and P&O
's Canberra
.
As of 2011, the expanding offshore wind power
industry has taken centre stage and 75% of the company's work is based on offshore renewable energy
.
(1831–1895) and Hamburg
-born Gustav Wilhelm Wolff
(1834–1913, in the UK from age 14). In 1858 Harland, then general manager, bought the small shipyard on Queen's Island from his employer Robert Hickson.
After buying Hickson's shipyard, Harland made his assistant Wolff a partner in the company. Wolff was the nephew of Gustav Schwabe
, a financier from Hamburg
, who was heavily invested in the Bibby Line
, and the first three ships that the newly incorporated shipyard built were for that line. Harland made a success of the business through several innovations, notably replacing the wooden upper decks with iron ones which increased the strength of the ships; and giving the hulls a flatter bottom and squarer section, which increased their capacity.
When Harland died in 1894, William James Pirrie
became the chairman of the company until his death in 1924. Thomas Andrews
also became the general manager and head of the draughting department in 1907. It was during this period that the company built the RMS Olympic
and her sister-ships RMS Titanic and HMHS Britannic
between 1909 and 1914, commissioning Sir William Arrol & Co.
to construct a massive twin gantry and slipway
structure for the project.
In 1912, the company acquired another shipyard at Govan
in Glasgow
, Scotland. It bought the former London & Glasgow Engineering & Iron Shipbuilding Co's Middleton and Govan New shipyards in Govan and Mackie & Thomson's Govan Old yard, which had been owned by William Beardmore and Company
. The three neighbouring yards were amalgamated and redeveloped to provide a total of seven building berths, a fitting-out basin and extensive workshops. Harland & Wolff specialised in building tankers and cargo ships at Govan. The nearby shipyard of A. & J. Inglis was also purchased by Harland and Wolff in 1919, along with a stake in the company's primary steel supplier, David Colville & Sons
. Harland & Wolff also established shipyards at Bootle
in Liverpool
, North Woolwich
in London and Southampton
. These shipyards were all eventually closed from the early 1960s however, when the company opted to consolidate its operations in Belfast.
During World War I
, Harland and Wolff built monitors and cruiser
s, including the 15-inch gun armed "large light cruiser" HMS Glorious.
In 1918, the company opened a new shipyard on the eastern side of the Musgrave Channel which was named the East Yard. This yard specialised in mass-produced ships of standard design developed during the First World War.
The company started an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary with Short Brothers
, called Short and Harland Limited in 1936. Its first order was for 189 Handley Page Hereford bomber
s built under license from Handley Page
for the Royal Air Force
. During the Second World War, this factory built Short Stirling
bombers as the Hereford was removed from service.
The shipyard was busy during World War II
, building 6 aircraft carrier
s, 2 cruisers (including HMS Belfast
) and 131 other naval ships; and repairing over 22,000 vessels. It also manufactured tank
s and artillery
components. It was during this period that the company's workforce peaked at around 35,000 people. However, many of the vessels built during this era were commissioned right at the end of World War II, as Harland and Wolff were focused on ship repair during the first three years of the war.
The yard on Queen's Island was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe
in April and May 1941 causing considerable damage to the shipbuilding facilities and destroying the aircraft factory.
s declined. This, coupled with competition from Japan
, led to difficulties for the British shipbuilding industry. The last liner that the company launched was the MV Arlanza for Royal Mail Line in 1960, whilst the last liner completed was the SS Canberra
for P&O
in 1961.
In the 1960s, notable achievements for the yard included the tanker Myrina which was the first supertanker built in the UK, and the largest vessel ever launched down a slipway (September 1967). In the same period the yard also built the semisubmersible drilling rig Sea Quest
which, due to its three-legged design, was launched down three parallel slipways. This was a first and only time this was ever done.
In the mid-1960s, the British government started advancing loans and subsidies to British shipyards to preserve jobs. Some of this money was used to finance the modernisation of the yard, allowing it to build the much larger post-war merchant ships including one of 333,000 tonnes. However continuing problems led to the company's nationalisation, though not as part of British Shipbuilders
, in 1977.
The company was bought from the British government in 1989 in a management/employee buy-out in partnership with the Norwegian shipping magnate Fred Olsen; leading to a new company called Harland and Wolff Holdings Plc. By this time, the number of people employed by the company had fallen to around 3000.
For the next few years, Harland and Wolff specialised in building standard Suezmax
oil tanker
s, and has continued to concentrate on vessels for the offshore oil and gas industry. It has made some forays outside of this market. The company bid unsuccessfully tendered against Chantiers de l'Atlantique
for the construction of Cunard line
's new Queen Mary 2
.
In the late 1990s, the yard was part of the then British Aerospace
's team for the Royal Navy
's Future Carrier (CVF) programme. It was envisaged that the ship would be assembled at the Harland & Wolff dry-dock in Belfast. In 1999 BAe merged with Marconi Electronic Systems
. The new company, BAE Systems Marine
, included the former Marconi shipyards on the Clyde
and at Barrow-in-Furness
thus rendering H&W's involvement surplus to requirements.
Faced with competitive pressures (especially as regards shipbuilding), Harland and Wolff sought to shift and broaden their portfolio, focusing less on shipbuilding and more on design and structural engineering, as well as ship repair, offshore construction projects and competing for other projects to do with metal engineering and construction. This led to Harland and Wolff constructing a series of bridges in Britain and also in the Republic of Ireland
, such as the James Joyce Bridge
and the restoration of Dublin's Ha'penny Bridge
, building on the success of its first foray into the civil engineering sector with the construction of the Foyle Bridge
in the 1980s.
Harland and Wolff's last shipbuilding project (to date) was the MV Anvil Point, one of six near identical Point class sealift ship
s built for use by the Ministry of Defence
. The ship, built under sub-contract from German shipbuilders Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft
, was launched in 2003.
Belfast's skyline is still dominated today by Harland and Wolff's famous twin Gantry crane
s, Samson and Goliath
, built in 1974 and 1969 respectively. There is also speculation about a resurgence in the prosperity of the shipyard thanks to the company's diversification
into emerging technologies
, particularly in renewable energy development, such as offshore wind turbine
and tidal power
construction, which may provide an opportunity to further improve the company's fortunes in the long term. For example, the United Kingdom planned to build 7,500 new offshore wind turbines between 2008 and 2020, creating great demand for heavy assembly work. Unlike land-based wind turbines, where assembly occurs on site, offshore wind turbines have part of their assembly done in a shipyard, and then construction barges transport the tower sections, rotors, and nacelles to the site for final erection and assembly.
In recent years the company has indeed seen its ship-related workload increase slightly. Whilst Harland & Wolff has no involvement in any shipbuilding
projects for the foreseeable future, the company is increasingly involved in overhaul, re-fitting and ship repair, as well as the construction and repair of off-shore equipment such as oil platforms. In late 2007, the 'Goliath' gantry crane was re-commissioned, having been moth-balled in 2003 due to the lack of heavy-lifting work at the yard.
In March 2008, the construction of the world's first commercial tidal stream turbine, for Marine Current Turbines, was completed at the Belfast yard. The installation of the 1.2MW SeaGen
Tidal System was begun in Strangford Lough
in April 2008.
In June 2008, assembly work at the Belfast yard was underway on 60 Vestas V90-3MW
wind turbines for the Robin Rigg Wind Farm
. This was the second offshore wind farm assembled by the company for Vestas.
In July 2010, Harland and Wolff secured a contract to make tidal turbines for Scotrenewables Ltd.
On 1 February 2011 it was announced that Harland & Wolff had won the contract to refurbish the SS Nomadic, effectively rekindling its nearly 150-year association with the White Star Line. A recent £2.27m EU grant means it will now meet the 2011 completion deadline. Work on the ship began on February 10th 2011.
As of February 2011, the booming offshore wind power
industry has taken centre stage. Harland & Wolff are working on turbines for its third offshore wind farm and on a tidal energy device. Seventy-five per cent of the company's work is based on offshore renewable energy
. Harland & Wolff is one of many UK and international companies profiting from the emergence of UK wind- and marine-generated electricity, which is attracting significant inward investment.
Ships built by Harland and Wolff include:
See also :Category:Belfast-built ships
.
Heavy industry
Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to light industry. It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production. In general, it is a popular term used within the name of many Japanese and Korean firms, meaning...
company, specialising in shipbuilding
Shipbuilding
Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both...
and offshore construction
Offshore construction
Offshore construction is the installation of structures and facilities in a marine environment, usually for the production and transmission of electricity, oil, gas and other resources....
, located in Belfast
Belfast
Belfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
, Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west...
.
The shipyard has built many ships; among the more famous are the White Star
White Star Line
The Oceanic Steam Navigation Company or White Star Line of Boston Packets, more commonly known as the White Star Line, was a prominent British shipping company, today most famous for its ill-fated vessel, the RMS Titanic, and the World War I loss of Titanics sister ship Britannic...
trio Olympic
RMS Olympic
RMS Olympic was the lead ship of the Olympic-class ocean liners built for the White Star Line, which also included Titanic and Britannic...
, Titanic and Britannic
HMHS Britannic
HMHS Britannic was the third and largest of the White Star Line. She was the sister ship of and , and was intended to enter service as a transatlantic passenger liner. She was launched just before the start of the First World War and was laid up at her builders in Belfast for many months before...
, the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
's HMS Belfast, Royal Mail's Andes, Shaw Savill's Southern Cross
SS Southern Cross
The SS Southern Cross was a steam-powered sealing vessel that operated primarily in Norway and Newfoundland and Labrador.She was lost at sea returning from the seal hunt on March 31, 1914, killing all 174 men aboard in the same storm that killed 78 crewmen from the SS Newfoundland, a collective...
and P&O
Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, which is usually known as P&O, is a British shipping and logistics company which dated from the early 19th century. Following its sale in March 2006 to Dubai Ports World for £3.9 billion, it became a subsidiary of DP World; however, the P&O...
's Canberra
SS Canberra
SS Canberra was an ocean liner, which later operated on cruises, in the P&O fleet from 1961 to 1997. She was built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland at a cost of £17,000,000. The ship was named on 17 March 1958, after the federal capital of Australia, Canberra...
.
As of 2011, the expanding offshore wind power
Offshore wind power
Offshore wind power refers to the construction of wind farms in bodies of water to generate electricity from wind. Better wind speeds are available offshore compared to on land, so offshore wind power’s contribution in terms of electricity supplied is higher....
industry has taken centre stage and 75% of the company's work is based on offshore renewable energy
Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable . About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewables, with 10% coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 3.4% from...
.
Early history
Harland and Wolff was formed in 1861 by Edward James HarlandEdward Harland
Sir Edward James Harland, 1st Baronet was a British shipbuilder and politician. Born in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, he was educated at Edinburgh Academy. In 1846, aged 15, he took an apprenticeship at the engineering works of Robert Stephenson and Company in Newcastle upon Tyne...
(1831–1895) and Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
-born Gustav Wilhelm Wolff
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff
Gustav Wilhelm Wolff was a British shipbuilder and politician. Born in Hamburg, he moved to Liverpool in 1849 to live with his uncle, Gustav Christian Schwabe...
(1834–1913, in the UK from age 14). In 1858 Harland, then general manager, bought the small shipyard on Queen's Island from his employer Robert Hickson.
Gustav Christian Schwabe
Gustav Christian Schwabe was a German-born merchant and financier who funded companies such as John Bibby & Sons, Harland and Wolff and the White Star Line. Born in Hamburg, Germany, Schwabe moved to Liverpool in 1838 and spent his working life there...
, a financier from Hamburg
Hamburg
-History:The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808...
, who was heavily invested in the Bibby Line
Bibby Line
The Bibby Line is a British company concerned with shipping and marine operations.Its parent company, Bibby Line Group Limited, can be traced back to the shipbroking partnership of Bibby & Hall, which was founded in 1801. It is and always has been based in Liverpool...
, and the first three ships that the newly incorporated shipyard built were for that line. Harland made a success of the business through several innovations, notably replacing the wooden upper decks with iron ones which increased the strength of the ships; and giving the hulls a flatter bottom and squarer section, which increased their capacity.
William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie
William James Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, KP, PC was a leading Irish shipbuilder and businessman. He was chairman of Harland and Wolff, shipbuilders, between 1895 and 1924, and also served as Lord Mayor of Belfast between 1896 and 1898...
became the chairman of the company until his death in 1924. Thomas Andrews
Thomas Andrews (shipbuilder)
Thomas Andrews, Jr. was an Irish businessman and shipbuilder; managing director and head of the draughting department for the shipbuilding company Harland and Wolff in Belfast, Ireland. Andrews was the shipbuilder in charge of the plans for the ocean liner...
also became the general manager and head of the draughting department in 1907. It was during this period that the company built the RMS Olympic
RMS Olympic
RMS Olympic was the lead ship of the Olympic-class ocean liners built for the White Star Line, which also included Titanic and Britannic...
and her sister-ships RMS Titanic and HMHS Britannic
HMHS Britannic
HMHS Britannic was the third and largest of the White Star Line. She was the sister ship of and , and was intended to enter service as a transatlantic passenger liner. She was launched just before the start of the First World War and was laid up at her builders in Belfast for many months before...
between 1909 and 1914, commissioning Sir William Arrol & Co.
Sir William Arrol & Co.
Sir William Arrol & Co. was a leading Scottish civil engineering business founded by William Arrol and based in Glasgow. It built some of the most famous bridges in the United Kingdom including the Forth Bridge and Tower Bridge in London.-Early history:...
to construct a massive twin gantry and slipway
Slipway
A slipway, boat slip or just a slip, is a ramp on the shore by which ships or boats can be moved to and from the water. They are used for building and repairing ships and boats. They are also used for launching and retrieving small boats on trailers and flying boats on their undercarriage. The...
structure for the project.
In 1912, the company acquired another shipyard at Govan
Govan
Govan is a district and former burgh now part of southwest City of Glasgow, Scotland. It is situated west of Glasgow city centre, on the south bank of the River Clyde, opposite the mouth of the River Kelvin and the district of Partick....
in Glasgow
Glasgow
Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and third most populous in the United Kingdom. The city is situated on the River Clyde in the country's west central lowlands...
, Scotland. It bought the former London & Glasgow Engineering & Iron Shipbuilding Co's Middleton and Govan New shipyards in Govan and Mackie & Thomson's Govan Old yard, which had been owned by William Beardmore and Company
William Beardmore and Company
William Beardmore and Company was a Scottish engineering and shipbuilding conglomerate based in Glasgow and the surrounding Clydeside area. It was active between about 1890 and 1930 and at its peak employed about 40,000 people...
. The three neighbouring yards were amalgamated and redeveloped to provide a total of seven building berths, a fitting-out basin and extensive workshops. Harland & Wolff specialised in building tankers and cargo ships at Govan. The nearby shipyard of A. & J. Inglis was also purchased by Harland and Wolff in 1919, along with a stake in the company's primary steel supplier, David Colville & Sons
David Colville & Sons
David Colville & Sons was a Scottish iron and steel company. It was founded in 1871, and in 1967 it was nationalised as part of British Steel. The company's first plant was the Dalzell Steel and Iron Works in Motherwell, which was opened in 1872, and by World War I this plant was the largest...
. Harland & Wolff also established shipyards at Bootle
Bootle
Bootle is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Sefton in Merseyside, England, and a 'Post town' in the L postcode area. Formally known as Bootle-cum-Linacre, the town is 4 miles to the north of Liverpool city centre, and has a total resident population of 77,640.Historically part of...
in Liverpool
Liverpool
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880...
, North Woolwich
North Woolwich
North Woolwich is a place in the London Borough of Newham. It is located north of Woolwich proper which is on the south bank of the River Thames. The two places are linked by the Woolwich Ferry and the Woolwich foot tunnel.-History:...
in London and Southampton
Southampton
Southampton is the largest city in the county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated south-west of London and north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest...
. These shipyards were all eventually closed from the early 1960s however, when the company opted to consolidate its operations in Belfast.
The war years
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Harland and Wolff built monitors and cruiser
Cruiser
A cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period...
s, including the 15-inch gun armed "large light cruiser" HMS Glorious.
In 1918, the company opened a new shipyard on the eastern side of the Musgrave Channel which was named the East Yard. This yard specialised in mass-produced ships of standard design developed during the First World War.
The company started an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary with Short Brothers
Short Brothers
Short Brothers plc is a British aerospace company, usually referred to simply as Shorts, that is now based in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Founded in 1908, Shorts was the first company in the world to make production aircraft and was a manufacturer of flying boats during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s...
, called Short and Harland Limited in 1936. Its first order was for 189 Handley Page Hereford bomber
Bomber
A bomber is a military aircraft designed to attack ground and sea targets, by dropping bombs on them, or – in recent years – by launching cruise missiles at them.-Classifications of bombers:...
s built under license from Handley Page
Handley Page Aircraft Company
Handley Page Limited was founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909 as the United Kingdom's first publicly traded aircraft manufacturing company. It went into voluntary liquidation and ceased to exist in 1970...
for the Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
. During the Second World War, this factory built Short Stirling
Short Stirling
The Short Stirling was the first four-engined British heavy bomber of the Second World War. The Stirling was designed and built by Short Brothers to an Air Ministry specification from 1936, and entered service in 1941...
bombers as the Hereford was removed from service.
The shipyard was busy during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, building 6 aircraft carrier
Aircraft carrier
An aircraft carrier is a warship designed with a primary mission of deploying and recovering aircraft, acting as a seagoing airbase. Aircraft carriers thus allow a naval force to project air power worldwide without having to depend on local bases for staging aircraft operations...
s, 2 cruisers (including HMS Belfast
HMS Belfast (C35)
HMS Belfast is a museum ship, originally a Royal Navy light cruiser, permanently moored in London on the River Thames and operated by the Imperial War Museum....
) and 131 other naval ships; and repairing over 22,000 vessels. It also manufactured tank
Tank
A tank is a tracked, armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mobility, tactical offensive, and defensive capabilities...
s and artillery
Artillery
Originally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
components. It was during this period that the company's workforce peaked at around 35,000 people. However, many of the vessels built during this era were commissioned right at the end of World War II, as Harland and Wolff were focused on ship repair during the first three years of the war.
The yard on Queen's Island was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe
Luftwaffe is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956....
in April and May 1941 causing considerable damage to the shipbuilding facilities and destroying the aircraft factory.
Post-war period and decline
With the rise of the jet-powered airliner in the late 1950s, the demand for ocean linerOcean liner
An ocean liner is a ship designed to transport people from one seaport to another along regular long-distance maritime routes according to a schedule. Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes .Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes referred to as...
s declined. This, coupled with competition from Japan
Japanese post-war economic miracle
The Japanese post-war economic miracle is the name given to the historical phenomenon of Japan's record period of economic growth following World War II, spurred mainly by Japanese economic policy, in particular through the Ministry of International Trade and Industry...
, led to difficulties for the British shipbuilding industry. The last liner that the company launched was the MV Arlanza for Royal Mail Line in 1960, whilst the last liner completed was the SS Canberra
SS Canberra
SS Canberra was an ocean liner, which later operated on cruises, in the P&O fleet from 1961 to 1997. She was built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland at a cost of £17,000,000. The ship was named on 17 March 1958, after the federal capital of Australia, Canberra...
for P&O
Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, which is usually known as P&O, is a British shipping and logistics company which dated from the early 19th century. Following its sale in March 2006 to Dubai Ports World for £3.9 billion, it became a subsidiary of DP World; however, the P&O...
in 1961.
In the 1960s, notable achievements for the yard included the tanker Myrina which was the first supertanker built in the UK, and the largest vessel ever launched down a slipway (September 1967). In the same period the yard also built the semisubmersible drilling rig Sea Quest
Sea Quest
The Sea Quest was a semi-submersible drilling rig. She discovered the UK's first North Sea oil on 14 September 1969 in the Arbroath Field...
which, due to its three-legged design, was launched down three parallel slipways. This was a first and only time this was ever done.
In the mid-1960s, the British government started advancing loans and subsidies to British shipyards to preserve jobs. Some of this money was used to finance the modernisation of the yard, allowing it to build the much larger post-war merchant ships including one of 333,000 tonnes. However continuing problems led to the company's nationalisation, though not as part of British Shipbuilders
British Shipbuilders
British Shipbuilders Corporation was a public corporation that owned and managed the shipbuilding industry in England and Scotland from 1977 and through the 1980s...
, in 1977.
The company was bought from the British government in 1989 in a management/employee buy-out in partnership with the Norwegian shipping magnate Fred Olsen; leading to a new company called Harland and Wolff Holdings Plc. By this time, the number of people employed by the company had fallen to around 3000.
For the next few years, Harland and Wolff specialised in building standard Suezmax
Suezmax
Suezmax is a naval architecture term for the largest ship measurements capable of transiting the Suez Canal, and is almost exclusively used in reference to tankers. Since the canal has no locks, the only serious limiting factors are draft , and height due to the Suez Canal Bridge...
oil tanker
Oil tanker
An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil. There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of extraction to refineries...
s, and has continued to concentrate on vessels for the offshore oil and gas industry. It has made some forays outside of this market. The company bid unsuccessfully tendered against Chantiers de l'Atlantique
Chantiers de l'Atlantique
Chantiers de l'Atlantique is part of the South Korean STX Shipbuilding Group and one of the world's largest shipyards, based in Saint-Nazaire, France...
for the construction of Cunard line
Cunard Line
Cunard Line is a British-American owned shipping company based at Carnival House in Southampton, England and operated by Carnival UK. It has been a leading operator of passenger ships on the North Atlantic for over a century...
's new Queen Mary 2
RMS Queen Mary 2
RMS Queen Mary 2 is a transatlantic ocean liner. She was the first major ocean liner built since in 1969, the vessel she succeeded as flagship of the Cunard Line....
.
In the late 1990s, the yard was part of the then British Aerospace
British Aerospace
British Aerospace plc was a UK aircraft, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer. Its head office was in the Warwick House in the Farnborough Aerospace Centre in Farnborough, Hampshire...
's team for the Royal Navy
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
's Future Carrier (CVF) programme. It was envisaged that the ship would be assembled at the Harland & Wolff dry-dock in Belfast. In 1999 BAe merged with Marconi Electronic Systems
Marconi Electronic Systems
Marconi Electronic Systems , or GEC-Marconi as it was until 1998, was the defence arm of The General Electric Company . It was demerged from GEC and acquired by British Aerospace on November 30, 1999 to form BAE Systems...
. The new company, BAE Systems Marine
BAE Systems Marine
BAE Systems Marine Ltd. was the shipbuilding subsidiary of BAE Systems, formed in 1999, which manufactured the full range of naval ships; nuclear submarines, frigates, destroyers, amphibious ships....
, included the former Marconi shipyards on the Clyde
River Clyde
The River Clyde is a major river in Scotland. It is the ninth longest river in the United Kingdom, and the third longest in Scotland. Flowing through the major city of Glasgow, it was an important river for shipbuilding and trade in the British Empire....
and at Barrow-in-Furness
Barrow-in-Furness
Barrow-in-Furness is an industrial town and seaport which forms about half the territory of the wider Borough of Barrow-in-Furness in the county of Cumbria, England. It lies north of Liverpool, northwest of Manchester and southwest from the county town of Carlisle...
thus rendering H&W's involvement surplus to requirements.
Restructuring
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
, such as the James Joyce Bridge
James Joyce Bridge
James Joyce Bridge is a road bridge spanning the River Liffey in Dublin, Ireland, joining the south quays to Blackhall Place on the north side....
and the restoration of Dublin's Ha'penny Bridge
Ha'penny Bridge
The Ha'penny Bridge , known later for a time as the Penny Ha'penny Bridge, and officially the Liffey Bridge, is a pedestrian bridge built in 1816 over the River Liffey in Dublin, Ireland...
, building on the success of its first foray into the civil engineering sector with the construction of the Foyle Bridge
Foyle Bridge
The Foyle Bridge is a bridge in Derry in Northern Ireland. The central cantilever span of the bridge is the longest in Ireland at 234 metres , and the whole suspended bridge structure including the approach spans is also the longest in Ireland at 866 metres .It crosses the River Foyle to the north...
in the 1980s.
Harland and Wolff's last shipbuilding project (to date) was the MV Anvil Point, one of six near identical Point class sealift ship
Point class sealift ship
The Point class is a class of six roll-on/roll-off sealift ships procured under a Private Finance Initiative and available for use as naval auxiliaries to the British armed forces. They were the result of the Strategic Defence Review and are designed for the strategic transport of military cargoes...
s built for use by the Ministry of Defence
Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces....
. The ship, built under sub-contract from German shipbuilders Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft
Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft
Flensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft is a German shipbuilding company located in Flensburg. The company is trading as Flensburger and commonly abbrevated FSG.-History:...
, was launched in 2003.
Belfast's skyline is still dominated today by Harland and Wolff's famous twin Gantry crane
Gantry crane
Gantry cranes, bridge cranes, and overhead cranes, are all types of cranes which lift objects by a hoist which is fitted in a hoist trolley and can move horizontally on a rail or pair of rails fitted under a beam...
s, Samson and Goliath
Samson and Goliath (cranes)
Samson and Goliath are the twin shipbuilding gantry cranes situated at Queen's Island, Belfast, Northern Ireland. The cranes, which were named after the Biblical figures Samson and Goliath, dominate the Belfast skyline and are landmark structures of the city....
, built in 1974 and 1969 respectively. There is also speculation about a resurgence in the prosperity of the shipyard thanks to the company's diversification
Diversification (marketing strategy)
Diversification is a form of corporate strategy for a company. It seeks to increase profitability through greater sales volume obtained from new products and new markets. Diversification can occur either at the business unit level or at the corporate level. At the business unit level, it is most...
into emerging technologies
Emerging technologies
In the history of technology, emerging technologies are contemporary advances and innovation in various fields of technology. Various converging technologies have emerged in the technological convergence of different systems evolving towards similar goals...
, particularly in renewable energy development, such as offshore wind turbine
Wind turbine
A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy. If the mechanical energy is used to produce electricity, the device may be called a wind generator or wind charger. If the mechanical energy is used to drive machinery, such as for grinding grain or...
and tidal power
Tidal power
Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power - mainly electricity....
construction, which may provide an opportunity to further improve the company's fortunes in the long term. For example, the United Kingdom planned to build 7,500 new offshore wind turbines between 2008 and 2020, creating great demand for heavy assembly work. Unlike land-based wind turbines, where assembly occurs on site, offshore wind turbines have part of their assembly done in a shipyard, and then construction barges transport the tower sections, rotors, and nacelles to the site for final erection and assembly.
In recent years the company has indeed seen its ship-related workload increase slightly. Whilst Harland & Wolff has no involvement in any shipbuilding
Shipbuilding
Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both...
projects for the foreseeable future, the company is increasingly involved in overhaul, re-fitting and ship repair, as well as the construction and repair of off-shore equipment such as oil platforms. In late 2007, the 'Goliath' gantry crane was re-commissioned, having been moth-balled in 2003 due to the lack of heavy-lifting work at the yard.
In March 2008, the construction of the world's first commercial tidal stream turbine, for Marine Current Turbines, was completed at the Belfast yard. The installation of the 1.2MW SeaGen
SeaGen
SeaGen is the world's first large scale commercial tidal stream generator. It is four times more powerful than any other tidal stream generator in the world....
Tidal System was begun in Strangford Lough
Strangford Lough
Strangford Lough, sometimes Strangford Loch, is a large sea loch or inlet in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is separated from the Irish Sea by the Ards Peninsula. The name Strangford is derived ; describing the fast-flowing narrows at its mouth...
in April 2008.
In June 2008, assembly work at the Belfast yard was underway on 60 Vestas V90-3MW
Vestas V90-3MW
The Vestas V90-3MW is a three bladed upwind wind turbine generator that uses pitch control and a doubly fed induction generator...
wind turbines for the Robin Rigg Wind Farm
Robin Rigg Wind Farm
Robin Rigg Wind Farm, Scotland's first offshore wind farm, has been constructed by E.ON at Robin Rigg in the Solway Firth, a sandbank midway between the Galloway and Cumbrian coasts. The windfarm first generated power for test purposes on 9 September 2009...
. This was the second offshore wind farm assembled by the company for Vestas.
In July 2010, Harland and Wolff secured a contract to make tidal turbines for Scotrenewables Ltd.
On 1 February 2011 it was announced that Harland & Wolff had won the contract to refurbish the SS Nomadic, effectively rekindling its nearly 150-year association with the White Star Line. A recent £2.27m EU grant means it will now meet the 2011 completion deadline. Work on the ship began on February 10th 2011.
As of February 2011, the booming offshore wind power
Offshore wind power
Offshore wind power refers to the construction of wind farms in bodies of water to generate electricity from wind. Better wind speeds are available offshore compared to on land, so offshore wind power’s contribution in terms of electricity supplied is higher....
industry has taken centre stage. Harland & Wolff are working on turbines for its third offshore wind farm and on a tidal energy device. Seventy-five per cent of the company's work is based on offshore renewable energy
Renewable energy
Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal heat, which are renewable . About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewables, with 10% coming from traditional biomass, which is mainly used for heating, and 3.4% from...
. Harland & Wolff is one of many UK and international companies profiting from the emergence of UK wind- and marine-generated electricity, which is attracting significant inward investment.
List of ships built
- SS Venetian, completed 1860 for Bibby LineBibby LineThe Bibby Line is a British company concerned with shipping and marine operations.Its parent company, Bibby Line Group Limited, can be traced back to the shipbroking partnership of Bibby & Hall, which was founded in 1801. It is and always has been based in Liverpool...
- RMS AtlanticRMS AtlanticRMS Atlantic was a transatlantic ocean liner of the White Star Line that operated between Liverpool, United Kingdom, and New York City, United States. During the ship's 19th voyage, on 1 April 1873, it ran onto rocks and sank off the coast of Nova Scotia, killing 535 people...
, built 1870, maiden voyage 8 June 1871, sank 1 April 1873 - RMS OceanicRMS Oceanic (1870)RMS Oceanic was the White Star Line's first liner and an important turning point in passenger liner design.-Design and construction:Oceanic was built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast, and was launched on 27 August 1870, arriving in Liverpool for her maiden voyage on 26 February 1871...
, launched on 27 August 1870, maiden voyage 2 March 1871. The White Star LineWhite Star LineThe Oceanic Steam Navigation Company or White Star Line of Boston Packets, more commonly known as the White Star Line, was a prominent British shipping company, today most famous for its ill-fated vessel, the RMS Titanic, and the World War I loss of Titanics sister ship Britannic...
's first liner. H+W also built 88 other ships for White Star - SS BalticSS Baltic (1871)SS Baltic was an ocean liner owned and operated by the White Star Line. The Baltic was one of the first four ships ordered by White Star from shipbuilders Harland and Wolff after Thomas Ismay had bought the company, and the third of the ships to be delivered.In 1889, after Teutonic entered service,...
, later Veendam, sank 6 February 1898 - SS AdriaticSS Adriatic (1871)SS Adriatic was the first of two White Star Line ocean liners which carried this name.-History:The White Star Line's first four steamships met with great success in the trans-Atlantic market, and the line decided to build two more...
, launched on 17 October 1871, maiden voyage 11 April 1872 - SS CelticSS Celtic (1872)SS Celtic was a steamship built for the White Star Line by shipbuilders Harland and Wolff of Belfast.The Celtic , the first of two White Star ships to bear the name, was the second of two Oceanic-class liners commissioned by White Star, following the success of their first four steamships...
, launched on 18 June 1872, maiden voyage 24 October 1872 - SS BritannicSS Britannic (1874)SS Britannic was the first of three ships to sail with Britannic name. All were part of the White Star Line, famous for Titanic and other ocean liners....
, maiden voyage 25 June 1874, scrapped 1903 - SS British Crown, launched 1879, maiden voyage 15 October 1879, renamed Amsterdam 1887
- SS British Queen, launched 1880, maiden voyage 31 January 1881, renamed Onega 1915, sunk by torpedo 1918
- SS GermanicSS Germanic (1875)The SS Germanic was an ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff in 1875 and operated by the White Star Line. She was later operated by other lines under the names Ottawa, Gul Djemal and Gulcemal.-Germanic:...
, launched 1874, scrapped 1950 - SS Coptic, launched 10 August 1881, maiden voyage 16 November 1881
- SS Doric, launched 1883, 1906 renamed Asia
- SS Ionic, launched 1884, scrapped 1908
- SS Gaika, launched 1897, scrapped 1929
- SS MajesticSS Majestic (1890)The SS Majestic was a steamship built in 1890 for and operated by the White Star Line.-History:A product of shipbuilders Harland and Wolff, the Majestic was launched on 29 June 1889. The ship spent the next nine months being fitted out for delivery to White Star in March, 1890...
, launched 1889, scrapped 1914 - SS Michigan, Launched April 19, 1890, Maiden Voyage on June 24, 1890; Renamed Kilpatrick, Acropolis, Washington, Great Canton; Scrapped in Italy 1924.
- SS Mississippi, Launched August 29, 1890, Maiden Voyage on October 28, 1890; Renamed USAT Buford; Scrapped in Japan 1929.
- SS Massachusetts, Launched on December 17, 1891; Maiden Voyage on April 24, 1892; Renamed the Sheridan; Scrapped in October 1923.
- SS Manitoba, Launched on January 7, 1892; Maiden Voyage on April 15, 1892; Renamed the Logan, Candler; Scrapped in 1926.
- SS Mohawk, Launched in 1892; Maiden Voyage on April 1892; Renamed the Grant, Chinouk; Scrapped in 1946.
- SS Mobile, Launched on January 20, 1893; Renamed the Sherman, Calawaii; Scrapped in Japan in 1933.
- SS Gothic, maiden voyage 28 December 1893, scrapped 1926
- SS MinnewaskaSS MinnewaskaSS Minnewaska was a 21,716-ton ocean liner in the service of the Atlantic Transport Line and the Red Star Line from 1923–1933She was the fourth ship of the Atlantic Transport Line to carry the name “Minnewaska”...
, Launched in 1894, previously named Persia, later renamed USAT Thomas; Scrapped in 1929. - SS ArmenianSS ArmenianSS Armenian was an 1895-built cargo liner built for the Leyland Line, but managed by the White Star Line from 20 March 1903. She was employed on the cargo service between Liverpool and New York, with the passenger service between the two ports having been previously withdrawn...
, launched 25 November 1895, sunk by torpedo 1915 - SS Canada, launched on 14 May 1896, maiden voyage 1 October 1896
- SS CymricSS CymricSS Cymric was a steamship of the White Star Line built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast and launched on 12 October 1897. She departed Liverpool on her maiden voyage to New York on 11 February 1898....
, launched 1898, sunk April 13, 1916 - SS New England, launched April 7, 1898, maiden voyage June 30, 1898, renamed Romanic November 1913, scrapped 1922, launched on 14 January 1899
- SS Commonwealth, launched on 31 May 1900, maiden voyage 4 October 1900. Became Canopic (1904)
- SS MinnehahaSS MinnehahaMinnehaha was a 13,443-ton ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff and launched on 31 March 1900. Operated by the American-owned Atlantic Transport Line, she was the sister ship of SS Minneapolis, SS Minnetonka, and SS Minnewaska....
, launched on March 31, 1900; maiden voyage on July 7, 1900; torpedoed and sunk by U-Boat U 48 on September 7, 1917. - RMS CelticRMS Celtic (1901)RMS Celtic was an ocean liner owned by the White Star Line. The first ship larger than the in gross tonnage, Celtic was the first of a quartet of ships over 20,000 tons, dubbed The Big Four....
, launched on 4 April 1901, maiden voyage 26 July 1901. Wrecked 10 December 1928, Roche's Point, CobhCobhCobh is a seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. Cobh is on the south side of Great Island in Cork Harbour. Facing the town are Spike Island and Haulbowline Island...
, Ireland - RMS Walmer Castle, launched on 6 July 1901
- SS Athenic, launched on 17 August 1901, maiden voyage 13 February 1902
- USS ArtemisUSS Artemis (ID-2187)USS Artemis , also known as the USAT Artemis, was a German passenger liner seized by U.S. Customs at New York City at the start of American involvement in World War I. She was built in 1902 as Iowa and was renamed Bohemia in 1912...
, launched 15 August 1902 as Iowa, later Bohemia and Empire Bittern, sunk 1944 - SS Cedric, launched on 21 August 1902, maiden voyage 11 February 1903
- WSL Corinthic launched 1902, scrapped 1932
- SS Ionic, launched on 22 May 1903, scrapped in Japan, 1936
- RMS BalticRMS Baltic (1903)RMS Baltic was an ocean liner of the White Star Line that sailed between 1904 and 1933. At 23,876 gross tons, she was the largest ship in the world until 1905...
, launched 21 November 1903, scrapped in Japan in 1933 - RMS Kenilworth Castle, launched on 15 December 1903, completed May 1904
- SS Mamari, maiden voyage 15 December 1904
- RMS Aragon, launched on 23 February 1905, maiden voyage 14 July 1905
- USS AmericaUSS America (ID-3006)USS America was a troop transport for the United States Navy during World War I. She was launched in 1905 as SS Amerika by Harland and Wolff in Belfast for the Hamburg America Line of Germany. As a passenger liner, she sailed primarily between Hamburg and New York...
, launched 20 April 1905 as SS Amerika, later USAT America and USAT Edmund B. Alexander, scrapped 1957 - TSS Nieuw Amsterdam, launched September 28, 1905; Maiden Voyage April 7, 1906; Scrapped in Japan February 1932.
- SS Rohilla, completed 1906; lost off Whitby 30 October 1914., launched in 1907
- SS Megantic, launched 1908, scrapped in Japan, 1923
- SS LaurenticSS Laurentic (1908)SS Laurentic was a British ocean liner of the White Star Line.The Dominion Line steamship company operated liners on the Liverpool-Canada route in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Their ships had become outdated, so in 1907 two new liners were ordered from Harland and Wolff, the SS Alberta...
, launched 1908, sunk by mines January 1917 - RMS Edinburgh Castle, launched on 27 January 1910, completed 28 April 1910, maiden voyage May 1910
- SS Pakeha, launched on 26 May 1910, completed 20 August 1910, launched 20 October 1910, maiden voyage 14 June 1911
- SS NomadicSS Nomadic (1911)SS Nomadic is a steamship of the White Star Line, launched on 25 April 1911 in Belfast. She was built as a tender to the liners RMS Olympic and RMS Titanic, and is the last remaining vessel built for the White Star Line still afloat.-History:...
, launched 25 April 1911, tender to and - SS Traffic, launched 27 April 1911, sunk 1941, Olympic class launched on 31 May 1911, maiden voyage 10 April 1912, sunk April 1912
- SS ZealandicSS Zealandic (1911)SS Zealandic was a British ocean liner initially operated by White Star Line. She was used both as a passenger liner and a cargo ship as well as serving during both world wars....
, launched on 29 June 1911, maiden voyage 30 October 1911, sunk 1941 - RMS ArlanzaRMS Arlanza (1912)RMS Arlanza was an ocean liner of the Royal Mail Lines in service from 1912 to 1938.Arlanza was built by Harland & Wolff in Belfast for service between Southampton and the east coast of South America, in the same slip that earlier had been used to build the Olympic. The Britannic was built in the...
, launched 23 November 1911, completed September 1912 - SS CeramicSS Ceramic (1913)SS Ceramic was an 18,400-ton ocean liner of the White Star Line launched in 1913, and later sold to the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line. In 1942 sunk the Ceramic, leaving only one survivor from the 656 on board....
, launched on 11 December 1912, completed 5 July 1913 - SS Pittsburgh, launched 1913, entered service 1922, renamed Pennland, sunk 1942
- SS KatoombaSS Katoomba (1913)The SS Katoomba was a steamship built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, Northern Ireland in 1913 for McIlwraith, McEacharn Ltd, Melbourne, Australia. She was launched on 10 April 1913 and travelled the passenger run around Australia. Requisitioned as a troopship during the later stage of World War I in...
, launched on 10 April 1913. Later Columbia. Sold to Japanese breakers 22 August 1959 - SS AlcantaraSS Alcantara (1913)SS Alcantara was an ocean liner that went into service just weeks before the start of World War I, was converted to an armed merchant cruiser in 1914, and was sunk by the German armed merchant cruiser SMS Greif on 29 February 1916 in the North Sea....
, launched October 1913, sunk 29 February 1916 - HMHS BritannicHMHS BritannicHMHS Britannic was the third and largest of the White Star Line. She was the sister ship of and , and was intended to enter service as a transatlantic passenger liner. She was launched just before the start of the First World War and was laid up at her builders in Belfast for many months before...
, improved Olympic class, launched on 26 February 1914, sunk by mine 1916 - MS AkaroaMS Akaroa (1914)MS Akaroa was originally built in 1914 by Harland & Wolff of Belfast, the ship was known as the Euripides when she sailed for the Aberdeen and Commonwealth Line. She was 14,947 gross tons at the time and could make a top speed of 15 knots. Her shakedown cruise took place in June 1914, with her...
, maiden voyage 1 July 1914, later Euripides, scrapped 1954 - SS Justicia, launched on 9 July 1914 as SS Statendam, completed April 1917
- RMT Almanzora, launched on 19 November 1914, completed September 1915
- SS Belgenland, originally SS Ceric, launched January 1914, completed 1917 as Belgic IV
- HMS Abercrombie, launched 15 April 1915, scrapped 1927
- RMS Regina, launched 1917, entered passenger service 1919, renamed Westerland, scrapped 1947
- SS Venusia, in service 1918, sister-ships; first freighters ordered from H+W by Cunard LineCunard LineCunard Line is a British-American owned shipping company based at Carnival House in Southampton, England and operated by Carnival UK. It has been a leading operator of passenger ships on the North Atlantic for over a century...
- SS Varentia, in service 1918, launched 11 September 1919, scrapped 1959, launched 1922, scrapped November 1935, launched on 15 February 1923, launched on 19 April 1923, maiden voyage 1 September 1923
- RMMV Asturias, launched on 7 July 1925, completed 21 February 1926
- RMMV Carnarvon Castle, launched on 14 January 1926, maiden voyage 16 July 1926, launched 1927, scrapped 1958, launched 16 June 1927, torpedoed and sunk 3 November 1940, launched 6 June 1929; in service July 1929; scrapped 1973, launched 4 July 1929, maiden voyage 5 December 1929, launched 6 August 1929, scrapped 1960
- RMMV Winchester Castle, launched 19 November 1929, maiden voyage 24 October 1930
- MS Achimota, launched 17 December 1929, delivered 29 November 1932 as TSMV WanganellaWanganellaWanganella was an Australian-registered merchant vessel constructed by the Harland and Wolff shipyards and entering service as a trans-Tasman passenger liner in 1933...
- RMMV Warwick Castle, launched 29 April 1930, maiden voyage 30 January 1931
- RMS GeorgicRMS Georgic (1932)Built at Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, the RMS Georgic was the last ship built for the White Star Line before its merger with the Cunard Line. She was the running mate of the Britannic. Like Britannic, Georgic was a motorship, and not a steamer, fitted with a diesel electric powerplant.-...
, launched 1931, maiden voyage June 25, 1932, scrapped 1961 - MV Highland Patriot, completed 1932, war loss 1 October 1940, completed 1932, scrapped 1974
- MV Waipawa, completed October 1934
- MV Wairangi, completed February 1935, launched 15 July 1935, maiden voyage 7 February 1936
- RMMV Athlone Castle, launched 28 November 1935, maiden voyage 22 May 1936, launched 25 January 1936, maiden voyage 10 July 1936, later Victoria
- RMMV Dunvegan Castle, launched 26 March 1936
- MV Walmer Castle, launched 17 September 1936, completed 30 November 1936
- RMMV Cape Town Castle, launched 23 September 1937, completed 31 March 1938, launched 17 March 1938, decommissioned 24 August 1963, museum ship since 31 October 1971
- RMMV Durban Castle, launched on 14 June 1938
- RMS Andes, launched on 7 March 1939, completed September 1939
- RMMV Pretoria CastleHMS Pretoria Castle (F61)HMS Pretoria Castle was an armed merchant cruiser and escort aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy that saw service during World War II...
, launched on 12 October 1939 (later HMS Pretoria CastleHMS Pretoria Castle (F61)HMS Pretoria Castle was an armed merchant cruiser and escort aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy that saw service during World War II...
then RMMV Warwick Castle) - RFA Black RangerRFA Black Ranger (A163)RFA Black Ranger was a British diesel-powered fleet support tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, built by Harland & Wolff. It served with the Arctic Convoys, and was involved in a collision with the submarine in November 1960. Its role was to refuel the RAF flying boats, and carried 2,600 tons of...
, launched 22 August 1940, scrapped 1979 - HMS Adamant, launched 30 November 1940, scrapped 1970
- RFA Brown RangerRFA Brown Ranger (A169)RFA Brown Ranger was a fleet support tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary.During World War II she played an important role in the Malta Convoys and in Pacific operations....
, launched 12 December 1940, scrapped 1975 - HMS Anchusa, launched 15 January 1941, scrapped 1960
- HMS BergamotHMS Bergamot (K189)HMS Bergamot was a that served in the Royal Navy.-Construction:She was laid down at Harland and Wolff in Belfast on 15 October 1940 and launched on 15 February 1941. Her commissioning followed on 12 May of the same year...
, launched 15 February 1941, scrapped 1974 - MV Empire Grace, launched on 25 August 1941, completed April 1942
- MV British BombardierMV British BombardierBritish Bombardier was an 8,202 GRT tanker which was built in 1942 as Empire Fusilier and completed as Empire Bombardier. She was built for the Ministry of War Transport and postwar was sold to British Tanker Co Ltd, serving until scrapped in 1959.-Description:Empire Fusilier was built by Harland...
, built as Empire Fusilier, completed as Empire Bombardier, scrapped 1959 - HMS Black PrinceHMS Black Prince (81)HMS Black Prince was a Dido-class light cruiser of the Royal Navy, of the Bellona subgroup. The cruiser was commissioned in 1943, and served during World War II on the Arctic convoys, during the Normandy landings, and as part of the British Pacific Fleet. In 1946, the cruiser was loaned to the...
, launched 27 August 1942, scrapped 1962 - MV AthelqueenMV Athelqueen (1942)Athelqueen was an 8,202 GRT tanker which was built by Harland & Wolff Ltd, Belfast in 1942 as Empire Benefit for the Ministry of War Transport. Postwar she was sold into merchant service and renamed Athelqueen and later Mariverda, serving until scrapped in 1961.-Description:Empire Benefit was...
, launched 24 November 1942 as Empire Benefit, later Mariverda, scrapped 1961 - HMS BoxerHMS Boxer (1941)HMS Boxer, pennant F121, was built as a Landing Ship, Tank at Harland and Wolff. Launched in December 1942 and commissioned the following April, she saw service as part of the Allied invasion of Italy.-Design and devleopment:...
, launched 12 December 1942, scrapped 1958, launched on 30 December 1944 - MV Durango, completed in 1944
- MV Waiwera, completed in 1944
- HMCS BonaventureHMCS Bonaventure (CVL 22)HMCS Bonaventure was a Majestic class aircraft carrier. She served in the Royal Canadian Navy and Canadian Forces Maritime Command from 1957 to 1970 and was the third and the last aircraft carrier to serve Canada. The ship was laid down for the British Royal Navy as in November 1943. At the end...
, launched 27 February 1945, scrapped 1971 - INS Vikrant, launched on 22 September 1945, decommissioned 31 January 1997, now museum in MumbaiMumbaiMumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
- SS Athenic, launched on 26 November 1946, maiden voyage 1 August 1947
- RMS Pretoria Castle, launched on 19 August 1947 (later SS S.A. Oranje)
- RMS Edinburgh Castle, launched on 16 October 1947
- RMS Parthia, maiden voyage 10 April 1948. First passenger/cargo liner ordered from H+W by Cunard LineCunard LineCunard Line is a British-American owned shipping company based at Carnival House in Southampton, England and operated by Carnival UK. It has been a leading operator of passenger ships on the North Atlantic for over a century...
, delivered 1949. Ran aground 25 April 1949 on maiden voyage near Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
and wrecked, launched on 24 August 1949, scrapped 1989 - SS Rhodesia Castle, launched on 5 April 1951, completed 6 October 1951
- SS Kenya Castle, launched on 21 June 1951, later SS AmerikanisSS AmerikanisSS Amerikanis, formerly the SS Kenya Castle was a Greek owned cruise ship.-Building:Kenya Castle was completed in 1952 as a British passenger liner, also fitted with considerable refrigerated and general cargo capacity...
, scrapped 2001 - SS Braemar Castle, launched on 5 April 1952
- MV Cedric, delivered November 1952
- MV Cretic, completed in 1953
- SS IberiaSS Iberia (1954)SS Iberia was a Himalaya-class ocean liner for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company built in 1952. Along with her sister ships Himalaya, Arcadia and Chusan, Iberia mainly provided passenger service between the United Kingdom and Australasia.Iberia was constructed in two years by...
, launched on 21 January 1954, maiden voyage 28 September 1954 - SS Loch Gowan, completed in 1954
- SS Southern CrossSS Southern Cross (1955)SS Southern Cross was an ocean liner built in 1955 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, Northern Ireland for the United Kingdom-based Shaw, Savill & Albion Line for Europe—Australia service...
, launched on 17 August 1954, delivered 23 February 1955 - SS Reina Del Mar, launched on 7 June 1955, delivered April 1956, maiden voyage 3 May 1956
- SS Loch Loyal, completed in 1957
- HMS BlackpoolHMS Blackpool (F77)HMS Blackpool was a Whitby-class or Type 12 anti-submarine frigate of the Royal Navy. Blackpool was loaned to the Royal New Zealand Navy between 7 June 1966 and 1971....
, launched 14 February 1957, scrapped 1978 - RMS Pendennis Castle, launched on 24 December 1957, maiden voyage 1 January 1959
- RMMV Amazon, launched July 1959, maiden voyage January 1960
- RMMV Aragon, launched on 20 October 1959, maiden voyage 29 April 1960, launched on 16 March 1960, maiden voyage 6 June 1961
- RMMV Arlanza, launched on 13 April 1960, maiden voyage 7 October 1960, launched on 4 May 1990
- Knock An, shuttle tanker, delivered 1996
- Glas Dowr, FPSOFloating Production Storage and OffloadingA floating production, storage and offloading unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore industry for the processing of hydrocarbons and for storage of oil. A FPSO vessel is designed to receive hydrocarbons produced from nearby platforms or subsea template, process them, and store oil until it...
conversion, delivered 1996 - SchiehallionSchiehallion oilfieldThe Schiehallion oilfield is a deepwater offshore oilfield approximately west of the Shetland Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean. The Schiehallion and adjacent Loyal field were jointly developed by BP on behalf of the Schiehallion field partners; BP, Shell, Amerada Hess, Murphy Oil, Statoil and...
, newbuild FPSOFloating Production Storage and OffloadingA floating production, storage and offloading unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore industry for the processing of hydrocarbons and for storage of oil. A FPSO vessel is designed to receive hydrocarbons produced from nearby platforms or subsea template, process them, and store oil until it...
, delivered 1997 - Bideford Dolphin, semi-submersibleSemi-submersibleA semi-submersible is a specialised marine vessel with good stability and seakeeping characteristics. The semi-submersible vessel design is commonly used in a number of specific offshore roles such as for offshore drilling rigs, safety vessels, oil production platforms and heavy lift cranes.The...
conversion, delivered 1998 - Borgland Dolphin, semi-submersibleSemi-submersibleA semi-submersible is a specialised marine vessel with good stability and seakeeping characteristics. The semi-submersible vessel design is commonly used in a number of specific offshore roles such as for offshore drilling rigs, safety vessels, oil production platforms and heavy lift cranes.The...
conversion, delivered 1999 - Glomar CR Luigs, newbuild dynamically positionedDynamic positioningDynamic positioning is a computer controlled system to automatically maintain a vessel's position and heading by using its own propellers and thrusters...
drillshipDrillshipA drillship is a maritime vessel that has been fitted with drilling apparatus. It is most often used for exploratory offshore drilling of new oil or gas wells in deep water or for scientific drilling. The drillship can also be used as a platform to carry out well maintenance or completion work such...
, delivered 2000 - Glomar Jack Ryan, newbuild dynamically positionedDynamic positioningDynamic positioning is a computer controlled system to automatically maintain a vessel's position and heading by using its own propellers and thrusters...
drillshipDrillshipA drillship is a maritime vessel that has been fitted with drilling apparatus. It is most often used for exploratory offshore drilling of new oil or gas wells in deep water or for scientific drilling. The drillship can also be used as a platform to carry out well maintenance or completion work such...
, delivered 2000
- Aircraft Carriers
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- Cruisers
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- Oil tankerOil tankerAn oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil. There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of extraction to refineries...
s- British Destiny, British Tanker Company
British Tanker CompanyBritish Tanker Company Limited was the maritime transport arm of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, the forerunner of BP. The British Tanker Company was formed in 1915 with an initial fleet of seven oil tankers...
, 1937 - British Fidelity, British Tanker Company, 1938
- British Integrity, British Tanker Company, 1937
- British Merit, British Tanker Company, 1942
- British Might, British Tanker Company, 1945
- British Patience, British Tanker Company, 1943
- British Power, British Tanker Company, 1936
- British Security, British Tanker Company, 1937
- British Trust, British Tanker Company, 1939
- British Vigilance, British Tanker Company, 1942
- British Destiny,
See also :Category:Belfast-built ships
Archives
The archives relating to the Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries are maintained by the Archives of the University of Glasgow (GUAS)Archives of the University of Glasgow
The Archives of the University of Glasgow maintain the historical records of the University of Glasgow back to its foundation in 1451. Its earliest record is a charter dating from 1304 for the lands of the earliest mention of record-keeping in the University is in 1490 when it is recorded in...
.
External links
- Harland and Wolff Heavy Industries
- Harland and Wolff On Titanic-Titanic.com
- http://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/key_list.php?key=Harland+%26+WolffEncyclopedia TitanicaEncyclopedia TitanicaEncyclopedia Titanica is an online reference work containing extensive and constantly-updated information on the . The website, a nonprofit endeavor, is a database of passenger and crew biographies, deck plans, and articles submitted by historians or Titanic enthusiasts...
: Harland & Wolff] - Nationwide program feat. a report on Harland and Wolff's bridge-building in the Republic of Ireland (Real player required to watch)]
- Bad Management program which resulted in a huge crane collapsing. The management currently is still undecided why their crane actually fell the ground.
- Second World War online resource for NI