Hornussen, Aargau
Encyclopedia
Hornussen is a municipality
in the district of Laufenburg
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
. During the Roman era
, it was located on the important route over the Bözberg. However, the first mention of Hornussen is in 1281 as Hornescon. Until the 1802 Act of Mediation
, all manor rights
to the village were held by collegiate church
of Säckingen. Until 1797 it was part of the Austrian-Habsburg Rheinfelden District. Since 1803 Hornussen has belong to the Canton of Aargau. Starting in the 15th Century, the Manor of Hornussen had a formal special status within the Habsburg territory. The lord of the manor was the court of appeals for all of Säckingen and also the economic center of the district. This is evident in the administration building from 1595, and other late gothic
houses along the Bözbergstrasse. Thanks to its location on the border to the Bernese Aargau, the village remained largely spared destruction by war, which is why many of the old buildings were preserved.
The rights to appoint the pastor of the church of St. Mauritius was held by the church at Säckingen. The present building dates from 1710-12. As early as 1600 there was an annual pilgrimage from the village to Todtmoos in the Black Forest
.
Besides agriculture, the hospitality industry played a major role in Hornussen starting in the Middle Ages
. It was a changing station for the first stage in crossing the Bözberg. In the 19th Century the home straw plaiting industry entered the village, and at the end of the 19th Century a popular wine was produced in the region. Hornussen was connected to the Bözbergbahn train line in 1875. Nevertheless, the migration to the industrial regions and overseas was considerable. In 1917, the predecessor of today's soap and cosmetics factory was founded. Since 1996, the A3 motorway has reduced the amount of through traffic in the village. In 2000, four fifths of the population of commuters.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 6.6%. Of the wooded land, 38.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 34.1% is used for growing crops and 12.0% is pastures, while 2.9% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Laufenburg district, in the upper Fricktal
(Frick river valley). It grew out of the construction below the church hill during the 18th and 19th Centuries. It consists of the linear village
of Hornussen. The municipalities of Bözen
, Effingen
, Elfingen
, Hornussen and Zeihen
are considering a merger some time in the future into a new municipality with an as yet undetermined name.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Gules a Ploughshare inverted and on a Chief Argent three Mullets of Five of the first in fess.
The age distribution, , in Hornussen is; 79 children or 8.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 111 teenagers or 12.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 119 people or 13.4% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 134 people or 15.1% are between 30 and 39, 152 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 130 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 79 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 42 people or 4.7% are between 70 and 79, there are 29 people or 3.3% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 10 people or 1.1% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.61 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 63.6% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 25 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 172 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 108 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 315 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 177 single family homes (or 45.6% of the total) out of a total of 388 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 0.8% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 11.7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 42.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(27.3%), the SP
(10.4%) and the Green Party
(5.9%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Hornussen about 74.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 54 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
. The entire village of Hornussen is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
.
there were 430 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 358 or about 83.3% of the residents worked outside Hornussen while 116 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 188 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 18.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 54.6% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 4 individuals (or about 0.49% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
faith.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Laufenburg
Laufenburg (district)
Laufenburg District is a district of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland, essentially consisting of the upper Fricktal valley in the Aargau Jura south of the Rhine. Its capital is the town of Laufenburg. It has a population of .-Geography:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Scattered archeological discoveries indicate that the land that would become Hornussen was lightly occupied during the Stone AgeStone Age
The Stone Age is a broad prehistoric period, lasting about 2.5 million years , during which humans and their predecessor species in the genus Homo, as well as the earlier partly contemporary genera Australopithecus and Paranthropus, widely used exclusively stone as their hard material in the...
. During the Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...
, it was located on the important route over the Bözberg. However, the first mention of Hornussen is in 1281 as Hornescon. Until the 1802 Act of Mediation
Act of Mediation
The Act of Mediation was issued by Napoleon Bonaparte on 19 February 1803 establishing the Swiss Confederation. The act also abolished the previous Helvetic Republic, which had existed since the invasion of Switzerland by French troops in 1798. After the withdrawal of French troops in July 1802,...
, all manor rights
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
to the village were held by collegiate church
Collegiate church
In Christianity, a collegiate church is a church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons; a non-monastic, or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, which may be presided over by a dean or provost...
of Säckingen. Until 1797 it was part of the Austrian-Habsburg Rheinfelden District. Since 1803 Hornussen has belong to the Canton of Aargau. Starting in the 15th Century, the Manor of Hornussen had a formal special status within the Habsburg territory. The lord of the manor was the court of appeals for all of Säckingen and also the economic center of the district. This is evident in the administration building from 1595, and other late gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
houses along the Bözbergstrasse. Thanks to its location on the border to the Bernese Aargau, the village remained largely spared destruction by war, which is why many of the old buildings were preserved.
The rights to appoint the pastor of the church of St. Mauritius was held by the church at Säckingen. The present building dates from 1710-12. As early as 1600 there was an annual pilgrimage from the village to Todtmoos in the Black Forest
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
.
Besides agriculture, the hospitality industry played a major role in Hornussen starting in the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
. It was a changing station for the first stage in crossing the Bözberg. In the 19th Century the home straw plaiting industry entered the village, and at the end of the 19th Century a popular wine was produced in the region. Hornussen was connected to the Bözbergbahn train line in 1875. Nevertheless, the migration to the industrial regions and overseas was considerable. In 1917, the predecessor of today's soap and cosmetics factory was founded. Since 1996, the A3 motorway has reduced the amount of through traffic in the village. In 2000, four fifths of the population of commuters.
Geography
Hornussen has an area, , of 7.27 square kilometres (2.8 sq mi). Of this area, 3.56 km² (1.4 sq mi) or 49.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.9 km² (1.1 sq mi) or 39.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.82 km² (0.316603770045879 sq mi) or 11.3% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.04 km² (9.9 acre) or 0.6% is either rivers or lakes.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 3.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 6.6%. Of the wooded land, 38.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 34.1% is used for growing crops and 12.0% is pastures, while 2.9% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Laufenburg district, in the upper Fricktal
Fricktal
The Fricktal region is the northwest finger extending from the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is situated in Northwestern Switzerland east of Basel, between the High Rhine forming the border with Germany in the north and the Jura Mountains in the south. The Fricktal contains the districts of...
(Frick river valley). It grew out of the construction below the church hill during the 18th and 19th Centuries. It consists of the linear village
Linear village
In geography, a linear village, or linear settlement, is a small to medium-sized settlement that is formed around a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Wraysbury, a village in Berkshire, is one of the longest villages in England....
of Hornussen. The municipalities of Bözen
Bözen
Bözen is a municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:The earliest evidence of people in Bözen are a neolithic stone ax, a Roman Estate and Alamanni graves. Bözen is first mentioned in 1284 as Boze. During the Middle Ages it was owned by Elfingen...
, Effingen
Effingen
Effingen is a municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Effingen is first mentioned in 1284 as Efingen though the area was settled earlier. The earliest evidence of a settlement is a High Middle Ages chapel with associated Alamanni graves.Effingen belonged...
, Elfingen
Elfingen
Elfingen is a municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:While Alamanni graves have been discovered in the municipality and it was the seat of a fief holder from Murbach Abbey in the 7th Century, Elfingen is first mentioned in 1245 as Eolfingen. When the...
, Hornussen and Zeihen
Zeihen
Zeihen is a municipality in the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-Geography:Zeihen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 50.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 40.7% is forested...
are considering a merger some time in the future into a new municipality with an as yet undetermined name.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Gules a Ploughshare inverted and on a Chief Argent three Mullets of Five of the first in fess.
Demographics
Hornussen has a population of , 13.4% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 13.8%. Most of the population speaks German (91.3%), with Italian being second most common ( 2.5%) and Albanian being third ( 1.8%).The age distribution, , in Hornussen is; 79 children or 8.9% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 111 teenagers or 12.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 119 people or 13.4% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 134 people or 15.1% are between 30 and 39, 152 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 130 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 79 people or 8.9% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 42 people or 4.7% are between 70 and 79, there are 29 people or 3.3% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 10 people or 1.1% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.61 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 63.6% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 25 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 172 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 108 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 315 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 177 single family homes (or 45.6% of the total) out of a total of 388 homes and apartments. There were a total of 3 empty apartments for a 0.8% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 11.7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 42.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(27.3%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(10.4%) and the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...
(5.9%).
The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Hornussen about 74.7% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 54 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1768 | 387 |
| 1850 | 766 |
| 1900 | 590 |
| 1950 | 631 |
| 2000 | 816 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The former Säckinger Amtshaus at Hauptstrasse 37 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
. The entire village of Hornussen is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
.
Economy
, Hornussen had an unemployment rate of 2.42%. , there were 42 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 15 businesses involved in this sector. 61 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 8 businesses in this sector. 68 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 21 businesses in this sector.there were 430 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 358 or about 83.3% of the residents worked outside Hornussen while 116 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 188 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 18.8% used public transportation to get to work, and 54.6% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 445 or 54.5% were Roman Catholic, while 219 or 26.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 4 individuals (or about 0.49% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
faith.