Imperial Crypt Vaults
Encyclopedia
The Imperial Crypt Vaults are the various chambers of the Imperial Crypt in Vienna
, Austria
, in which most members of the senior lines of the Habsburg
dynasty, the hereditary Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire
, have been entombed, beginning in 1632.
The Imperial Crypt Vaults are an interconnected series of ten subterranean vaulted rooms, built at various times as more space was needed.
The visible 107 metal sarcophagi
and 5 heart urns range in style from puritan plain to exuberant rococo. The Imperial Crypt is one of the top tourist attractions in Vienna
.
The bodies of 145 nobles
, plus urns containing the hearts or cremated remains of four others, are deposited here. There is only one space left.
They include 12 Emperors and 18 Empresses. The most recent entombment was in 2011.
From other families there are 32 spouses, plus four others, who have found their resting place here. Everyone else in the Imperial Crypt was born with the Habsburgs-only title of Archduke
or Archduchess.
In 1960, with the various vaults overcrowded, a major rearrangement project began which resulted in the construction of the Children's Columnbarium and the New Vault. At the same time many bodies were moved to those new areas, others were moved from the Tuscan Vault and Ferdinand’s Vault and walled up into the corner piers of Ferdinand's Vault.
Looking through the gate, from left to right:
Third son of Emperor Maximilian II
. Once governor of the Austrian Netherlands, he wrested power over Austria, Hungary and Moravia from his inept brother Emperor Rudolf II
in 1608 and inherited the rest in 1612. He built the original hunting lodge that became Schönbrunn
, and died only three months after his wife Empress Anna. His heart is buried in urn 2 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
. His intestines are buried in urn 18 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Ferdinand II, Duke of Tyrol and wife of her cousin Emperor Matthias who was 28 years older than she was. She provided in her will of 1617 for the establishment of a crypt for her and her husband in a Capuchin's Church to be built in Vienna, and died only one year later, at age 33 after seven years of a childless marriage. Her heart is buried in urn 1 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
. Her intestines are buried in urn 17 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
of the church above, beginning in 1657 by Emperor Leopold I, following the edict of his father Emperor Ferdinand III that the hereditary burial place of the imperial family would be in this church. Considering that Leopold contributed his three wives and 16 of his children—plus himself—to the population of the crypt, it was inevitable that other vaults would be needed soon.
Four children of Emperor Ferdinand III:
Infant son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Anna.
Two-year old son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Anna.
Infant daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Eleonora.
Infant son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Eleonora. His viscera are buried in urn 22 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Seven children of Emperor Leopold I: Infant son of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. His intestines are buried in urn 25 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Infant son of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. His intestines are buried in urn 27 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. Her intestines are buried in urn 28 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Claudia Felicitas. Her viscera are buried in urn 30 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Claudia Felicitas. Her heart is in a gold and silver urn atop her mother's sarcophagus in the Dominican Church. Her viscera are buried in urn 32 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Eleonora Magdelena.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Eleonora Magdelena. Her heart is buried in urn 34, and her viscera in urn 35, in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Grandson of Emperor Ferdinand III:
Son of Johann Wilhelm of Pfalz-Neuberg and Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her body is in the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora
in Lisbon
, beside her husband John V of Portugal.
Proceeding along the north wall, east-to-west:
Sixteen year-old daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her heart is buried in urn 10 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
, and her viscera are buried in urn 40 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Wife of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
.
Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Wife of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland, then of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
, by whom she became grandmother of the two brothers who married Empress Maria Theresia
and her sister.
Third wife of Emperor Ferdinand III. Foundress of the Order of the Starry Cross
(the Sternkreuzorden). Her heart is buried in urn 7 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are buried in urn 33 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Niece and first wife of Emperor Leopold I at age 15. She is the blonde princess depicted in the Spanish painter Diego Velázquez
' masterpiece Las Meninas
("The Maids of Honor", 1656), where she is surrounded by her ladies-in-waiting and other persons of the Spanish court. Her 21 year-old heart is buried in urn 6 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are buried in urn 29 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Second wife of Emperor Ferdinand III. Married at age 16, died in childbirth of Archduke Karl Joseph the next year.
Born Infanta of Spain, first wife of Emperor Ferdinand III.
Six-year old youngest daughter of Emperor Karl VI. Her viscera are buried in urn 45 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Second wife of Emperor Leopold I. Her body, by her own request, is dressed in the habit of a Dominican nun and is entombed beside her mother in the Dominican Church. Her viscera are buried in urn 31 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Proceeding along the south wall, east-to-west:
Twelve-year old daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her heart is buried in urn 9 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are buried in urn 37 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Son of Emperor Leopold I. His sarcophagus is normal sized although he was only two years old when he died.
Third son of Emperor Ferdinand II. →Family Tree Nine of his children are buried here. His viscera are buried in urn 21 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I and wife of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
. Her heart is buried in urn 8 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are buried in urn 36 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand III. His heart is buried in urn 4 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and his viscera are buried in urn 20 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
. He established the tradition of burial of different parts in three separate Vienna churches.
Six-month old only son of Emperor Karl VI. His death later led to the War of the Austrian Succession
because his father had no other male heirs. His heart is buried in urn 43, and his viscera in urn 44, in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.
Third wife of Emperor Leopold I.
on the orders of Emperor Karl VI and shelters 8 containers:
Proceeding along the south wall, from left to right:
Second son of Emperor Ferdinand III and father of Emperors Joseph I and Karl VI. He repelled an effort by the Muslims to conquer Europe at the Second Siege of Vienna
. He built the Leopold's Wing of the Hofburg, used today as the offices of the president of Austria. He can be seen sculpted, kneeling prayer for the end of the plague epidemic, on the plague column (Pestsäule
) in Vienna. Died at age 65 after a reign of 48 years. His three wives and 16 of his children are buried here. His heart is buried in urn 11 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and his viscera
are in urn 41 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Unmarried, she was appointed governor of the Austrian Netherlands in her own right and when she died at age 69, was originally buried in Brussels but was transferred here 8 years later. Her heart is buried in urn 14 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are in urn 51 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Daughter of Emperor Karl VI. and sister of Empress Maria Theresia. She married Charles of Lorraine
, brother of Maria Theresia's husband, Emperor Franz I Stephen. They were joint governors of the Austrian Netherlands. She died in Brussels at age 24 whence her body was transferred at her sister's order. Her heart is buried in urn 15 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are in urn 52 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Younger son of Emperor Leopold I. Raised in Spain in preparation to inherit the Spanish throne upon the death of his childless cousin, the War of the Spanish Succession
ended when Karl unexpectedly inherited the Empire
upon his brother Joseph's early death and no one wanted to allow the dominance that would come from empowering Karl with both realms. Moving to Vienna, he brought the Spanish Riding School
with him and built the magnificent hall it uses today. Because he had no surviving male heirs, he negotiated the Pragmatic Sanction
to assure that his daughter Maria Theresia would succeed him, going so far as to pre-bribe the nine Electors
but, of course, once he died they ignored their promises but kept the money, resulting in the War of the Austrian Succession
. He died after a reign of 29 years, at age 55 after catching a cold while hunting. His heart is buried in urn 13 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and his viscera are in urn 48 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
His tomb is one of the most remarkable, with a death's head at each corner wearing one of the distinctive crowns of his major realms (the Empire, Bohemia, Hungary, and Austria).
The empty plaza at the west third of this vault was used as the area for reception ceremonies when new bodies were brought in after the funeral ceremonies upstairs.
Returning along the north wall, from left to right:
Wife (1708) of Emperor Karl VI and mother of Empress Maria Theresa. Died at age 59 of heart failure brought on by corpulence and rheumatism. Her sarcophagus is the earliest by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
. Her heart is buried in urn 17 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and her viscera are buried in urn 53 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Son of Emperor Leopold I. Allied with the British during the War of the Spanish Succession
where his great general Eugene of Savoy worked with the Duke of Marlborough
to prevent the throne of Spain going to the French. With no surviving son, he died of the black pox
at age 33 after a reign of 6 years. The heart of his wife is nearby. His heart is buried in urn 12 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and his viscera are buried separately in urn 42 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Wife (1699) of Emperor Joseph I. The wing of the Hofburg in which she had living space during her widowhood is named after her, but she founded the Salesian Cloister in Vienna 1712 to educate young women and spent much of her time there. She died of edema at age 69. Her body lies dressed in a nun's habit entombed in a simple stone sarcophagus below the high altar in the Salesian
Cloister in Vienna.
Infant son of Emperor Joseph I. Died of hydrocephalus. His viscera are buried in urn 38 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
In the entrance archway: Son of Empress Maria Theresa. A populist who became known as "the people's emperor," he initiated many reforms (including a prohibition on embalming and elaborate burials), many of which he repudiated in disillusionment shortly before his death. In keeping with his edict, his body is unembalmed and intact within a simple copper tomb. He died shortly before his 49th birthday after an official reign of 10 years. His equestrian statue in the Josefsplatz
of the Hofburg palace is where Harry Lime's auto accident occurs in The Third Man
. His two wives and two children are buried in this Vault.
In the small chamber immediately north of Emperor Joseph II:
Long-time family retainer and governess to Empress Maria Theresia, her sisters and her children. The inscription of gratitude on the lid of her sarcopagus is signed by Empress Maria Theresa, who ordered her burial with the imperial family (although she had no direct blood or matrimonial connection to the Habsburgs) when she died at age 73.
In the center of the vault, from left to right: Eldest surviving descendant of Emperor Karl VI,→Family Tree her ascension was contested and officially the crown of the Empire went to her husband (1736) Emperor Franz I Stephen. Dying at age 63, her forty years' reign is thought of by the Austrians as the British think of Queen Victoria
: the golden years of power, prestige and empire. A prominent statue of her enthroned and surrounded by her ministers is a landmark at the entrance to the Museumsplatz. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Duke of Lorraine and Grand Duke of Tuscany. Husband of Empress Maria Theresa, he died at age 56 after nominally being Emperor for 25 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
This double tomb of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I Stephen, sculpted by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
is of particular artistic merit and is probably the most glorious in terms of design.
In the small chamber immediately south of Emperor Joseph II:
Still-born daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa.
Along the south wall, young children of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. From left to right:
Second son of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died of small pox shortly before his 16th birthday. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Eighth daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died of small pox at age 12. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Ninth daughter of Emperor Franz I and Empress Maria Theresa. Unhappy with the marriage arranged for her, she died of small pox the day before her wedding, at age 16.
At the southwest bend: Daughter of Prince Charles of Lorraine and Archduchess Maria Anna (sister of Empress Maria Theresa).
Along the west wall, mainly the family of Emperor Joseph II. From left to right:
Three-years old, eldest daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Second wife (1765) of Emperor Joseph II. She was the daughter of the only non-Habsburg Emperor since 1438, Karl VII of Bavaria
and his wife, a daughter of Emperor Joseph I. Especially because of the unusually potent form of small pox of which she died at age 28, her body was not embalmed but immediately placed intact into her coffin. Her husband of 2 years had not developed a regard for her, and did not attend her funeral.
First wife (1760) of Emperor Joseph II. Daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma
(1720 - 1765) (brother of King Philip V of Spain
) and Princess Marie Louise Élisabeth of France (14 August 1727 - 6 December 1759) (daughter of King Louis XV of France
). Greatly beloved by her husband, at age 21 she contracted small pox during her second pregnancy and died 5 days after giving birth to a still born daughter. Under her husband's orders, her body was buried whole and unembalmed.
Still-born second daughter of Emperor Joseph II and his first wife Archduchess Isabella. Her tomb rests beneath that of her mother.
Eldest daughter of Emperor Joseph II and his first wife Archduchess Isabella. Died at almost 8 years of age.
Third daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died at age 1 year. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Beside the entrance to Franz’s Vault on the north wall:
Infant, only child of Duke Albert of Saxony-Teschen and Archduchess Maria Christina.
style, as are the five tombs within it.
In the center:
Eldest son of Emperor Leopold II. →Family Tree He was emperor during the times of Napoleon Bonaparte and Ludwig van Beethoven
. He changed crowns from Franz II of the Holy Roman Empire
to Franz I of the Austrian Empire
in mid-reign, and thus is often denoted as Franz II/I. The full-size crown atop his tomb is that of the Austrian Empire. He died at age 67 after a reign of 43 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
. His statue, dressed as a Roman emperor, stands in the main courtyard of the Hofburg palace.
In the corners, clockwise starting from the near left (south west) corner:
First wife (1788) of Emperor Franz II. She died at age 22 a day after giving birth to Ludovika Elisabeth Franziska.
Second wife (1790) at age 18 of Emperor Franz II. Mother of Empress Maria Louise (second wife of Napoleon), Emperor Ferdinand, and all subsequent children of her husband. Because her mother was a sister of her husband's father the couple were first cousins. →Family Tree (ancestors) She died at age 34 of tuburcular pleurisy
just days after giving premature birth to Amalia Therese. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Fourth wife (1816) of Emperor Franz II. Died the day after her 81st birthday, having survived her husband by 38 years and two reigns.
Third wife (1808) at age 20 of 40-year old cousin Emperor Franz II, she contracted tuberculosis
shortly after their wedding, suffering from it for the eight years of marriage before dying at age 28. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Until 1940, this vault also held the body of a grandson of Emperor Franz II, Franz Joseph Karl, Duke of Reichstadt
(1811 - 1832). →Family Tree Adolf Hitler
ordered that the body be sent to France where it now rests in Les Invalides
in Paris
near the body of his father, Napoléon Bonaparte
. His heart is still buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Through the doorway in the west wall to the left is the south part of the Tuscan Vault. In the east wall is the west entrance to the Crypt Chapel. The north wall opens into Ferdinand’s Vault.
Skip ahead to tombs: 64-72, 73-79, 80-87, 88-100
Main Hall Son of Emperor Franz II. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Born Princess of Savoy, wife of Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria.
Within the southwest pier: Nine tombs, mostly of youths:
Fourth son of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Ludovika. Died at 22. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Ludovika. Died at 18. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Infant first daughter of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Infant second daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand.
Infant first son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Second son of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Died at 8. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
First son of Archduke Rainer and Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 75.
Fourth son of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Died at 4. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Ten-years old, last of the 11 children of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany and Alicia Bourbon-Parma.
Daughter of Archduke Franz Karl and Sophie of Bavaria, sister of Emperor Franz Joseph Died at 5.
Daughter of Archduke Rainer and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 23.
Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 3.
Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 9.
Daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Elisabeth (Sisi) Died at 2.
Daughter of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
and Luisa Maria Amelia Teresa of Naples. Died at 9. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Fourth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand) and Princess Isabella of Croy-Dülmen. Died at 14.
Fifth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand) and Princess Isabella von Croy-Dülmen. Died at 4.
Unmarried 54-year old daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Teresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Daughter of Archduke Karl. Wife (21 February 1852) of Archduke Ranier. Died at age 89.
Died in childbirth at 29. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
. Daughter of Queen Maria Karolina of Naples and Sicily. First wife (1790) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
. →Family Tree
Infant son of Maria Luisa. Both died during his birth and are buried in the same coffin.
Second wife (1833) of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
. Died shortly before her 84th birthday.
Second wife (6 May 1821) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
. Died at age 68. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Fourth daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia. Died at 3. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 24.
Wife of Archduke Karl Salvator. Died at age 54.
Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany. Among his sons was Franz Salvator, who married Marie Valerie
, a daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph. Died at 52.
Second son of Archduke Leopold Salvator. Naturalized in the USA as Leopold Lorraine in 1953. Died at 61. Married morganatically.
Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata.
Son of Archduke Rainer and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Married morganatically
and his children bore the surname von Wallburg.
Wife of Archduke Franz V of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena. Daughter of Ludwig I of Bavaria
and sister of Hildegard of Bavaria.
Daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
One-day old daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia.
Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata.
Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany. Sociologist and traveler of the Mediterranean. Memorial website (in German).
At age 18 she became the third wife (1873) of the twice-widowed Archduke Karl Ludwig who was 22 years older, and she survived him by 48 years. For the seven years after the death of Crown Prince Rudolf her husband was the heir-apparent and she undertook many of the representional duties neglected by the ever-travelling Empress Elisabeth ("Sissi") until her married stepson Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este became the heir-apparent. During World War I
she worked as a nurse, and accompanied the last emperor, Karl I into exile on Madeira
but returned to spend her old age in Vienna.
Second son of Archduke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany. Like his cousin Archduke Leopold Salvator he had an interest in ballooning, and once flew his balloon from Linz
to Dieppe in only 16 hours. His interest in things aeronautical had brought him into contact with the future head of the German air force, Hermann Goering, who later used his influence to free the Archduke from the German concentration camp at Dachau in 1938 after only 80 days there. Had issue from two morganatic marriages.
The Tuscan Vault once held many more than the present 14 tombs, but most were moved to the New Vault or enclosed within the piers of Ferdinand’s Vault during the major rearrangement of 1960. The 5-meter wide vault is very large, being 21 meters long, and extends along the entire western lengths of both Ferdinand's Vault and Franz’s Vault, ending only when it meets the outside wall of the west transept of Maria Theresia's Vault.
This vault takes its name from the many descendants of the younger sons of Emperor Leopold II, as Grand Duke of Tuscany, who are entombed here.
Note: the arrangement of tombs listed below was accurate before the 2003 renovation, but they have been rearranged since then.
In the archway from Ferdinand’s Vault, from left to right:
Husband of Archduchess Maria Christina. The Albertina museum, in his former palace, is named for him because his collection of paintings formed the nucleus of the museum. After the early death of their only child, the couple became the adoptive parents of Archduke Karl, the victor of Aspern. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Favorite daughter of Empress Maria Theresia. Her mother stalled arranged marriages until after the death of her father, Emperor Franz I Stephen, so that Maria Christina could marry for love instead of reasons of state—the only child allowed to do so. She chose Duke Albert of Teschen. The famous and moving monument he erected to her memory is in the Augustinerkirche
. She died of Typhus at age 56. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Third son of Empress Maria Theresia. →Family Tree Most of his career was spent in Florence, reforming the governance there as Grand Duke of Tuscany, and only his final two years were as Emperor. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Originally contracted to marry Empress Maria Theresia's second son, Archduke Karl Joseph, his early death diverted her instead to the third son, who later became Emperor Leopold II. In the course of 21 years, she bore her not-always-faithful husband 16 children, among them Emperor Franz II, and Archduke Karl the victor of Aspern. Grieving for her husband, she outlived him by only two months leaving many small children. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Behind them, from left to right:
Fourth son of Empress Maria Theresia. Governor of Lombardy and, later, the Austrian Netherlands. Founder of the House of Austria-Este., His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Wife of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton.
Daughter of Empress Maria Theresia. Wife of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
. Almost everyone buried in the Imperial Crypt who was born after 1765 is a descendant of her or her brother Emperor Leopold II. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
To the right of the archway, along the north wall, from left to right:
Son of Archduke Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany. Married (1856) Anne of Saxony
(Dresden 4 January 1836 - Naples 10 February 1859), then (1868) Alicia of Bourbon-Parma (Parma 27 December 1849 - Schwertberg 16 January 1935). Lost his throne, 9 months after his father had abdicated it to him, when Tuscany was annexed to Italy in 1860.
Son of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
. Abdicated his throne in 1859 in favor of his son.
Son of Archduke Rainer. Married Archduchess Marie Karoline. A major ancient manuscript collector, his 100,000-piece collection is the nucleus of the Papyrus Museum of the Austrian National Library.
To the left of the archway, along the west wall, from left to right:
Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton. Military commander during the Napoleonic Wars. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Eighth son of Emperor Leopold II. Last Grand Master of the Order of Teutonic Knights
before Napoleon suppressed it outside of the Habsburg lands. It still functions today, as a religious order operating charitable hospitals in Europe. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Eleventh son of Emperor Leopold II. Promoter of industrialization in Austria after studying its success in England. Member of the Council of State that exercised power during the reign of the feeble-minded Emperor Ferdinand of Austria. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
In front of them, along the east wall:
Son of Franz IV of Austria-Este
. After the death of his mother Maria Beatrice of Savoy
in 1840, he was considered the legitimate heir to the British throne by Jacobites
. He was the last reigning Duke of Modena, which was forcibly incorporated into the new Kingdom of Italy
in 1860. Having no surviving descendant, he left most of his huge estate to his ill-fated cousin Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who subsequently used the title Archduke of Austria-Este. The art collection of his now-extinct branch, accumulated over centuries, is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum
.
Skip ahead to tombs: 115-119, 120-126, 127, 128-134, 135-141
West Wall To the left of the entrance, proceeding along the west wall from south to north, the "Bishops Row":
Son of Emperor Ferdinand II. Named at age 13 to take over his uncle Leopold's renounced see at Halberstaedt (when he became 22, this was confirmed by the Pope) and later became also Bishop of Olomouc, Bishop of Breslau, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
and his intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Leopoldina, who died during his birth. Bishop of Olomouc and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
at age 13 as heir to his uncle, Archduke Leopold Wilhelm. The art collection he inherited from Archduke Leopold Wilhelm became the foundation of the Kunsthistorisches Museum
. Died at age 15. His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
.
Son of Archduchess Eleonora Maria and Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
. Archbishop of Trier. Uncle of Emperor Franz I Stephen, the husband of Empress Maria Theresia. He died unexpectedly of smallpox while visiting Vienna and, not being a Habsburg in the male line nor married to one, was originally buried in the Minoritenkirche but was brought here the next year.
Youngest son of Empress Maria Theresia. Archbishop of Cologne. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Youngest son of Emperor Leopold II. Cardinal and Archbishop of Olomouc. A piano pupil of Ludwig van Beethoven
, Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to him, including the Archduke Trio and his great Missa Solemnis
. He, in turn, dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven.
Daughter of Emperor Franz II. Empress of France as second wife of Napoléon Bonaparte
, later Duchess of Parma in her own right.
North Wall Proceeding along the north wall, from west to east, the first ledge contains the immediate family of Archduke Karl the victor of Aspern:
Youngest son of Archduke Karl. Became Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
.
Son of Archduke Karl.
Duke of Teschen, third son of Emperor Leopold II. He was adopted by the childless Albert of Saxony-Teschen and Archduchess Maria Christina. A statue of him on horseback, holding the regimental colors aloft to rally his troops against Napoleon, stands in the Heldenplatz
in Vienna. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Wife of Archduke Karl. She is the only Protestant buried here, after Emperor Franz II overrode the resistance of the resident clergy.
Infant son of Archduke Karl. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
On its own pedestal, directly across from the tomb of Empress Maria Louise:
Second son of Archduke Franz Karl and brother of Emperor Franz Joseph. Created Emperor of Mexico
by France and the Mexican Conservative rival Government, he was overthrown and executed by forces of the warring Mexican Liberals, who would go on to found the Republic.
The next ledge along the north wall, from left to right, mostly contains the family of Archduke Albrecht a great military commander of the following generation:
Eldest son of Archduke Karl. Because of a distinguished military career, an equestrian statue of him was erected on the ramp outside of his former home, the Albertina in Vienna.
Wife of Archduke Albrecht. Sister of Adelgunde of Bavaria. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Daughter of Archduke Albrecht. At age 18, trying to hide a burning cigarette behind her back, she set her clothes afire and died from her injuries. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Infant son of Archduke Albrecht.
Eldest son of Archduke Karl Salvator. During a brilliant military career, he reorganized and modernized the Austrian artillery, becoming Inspector General in 1908. He flew hot air balloons and work on the development of airship
s. He grew rich from his inventions such as all-wheel drive and half-track trucks for the army. Married (1889) Blanca Infanta of Spain
(Graz 7 Sep 1868-Viareggio 25 Oct 1949).
First son of Archduke Leopold Salvator. Unmarried.
First wife (1856) of her mother's nephew, Archduke Karl Ludwig. The marriage had not yet produced any children when she fell ill of typhus while on holiday in Monza
and died at age 18. Her heart is buried in the Hofkapelle in Innsbruck
.
Third son of Emperor Franz II. When his elder brother Emperor Ferdinand abdicated in 1848, he stood aside so that his son, Emperor Franz Joseph, could succeed to the throne instead. Great grandfather of the last reigning emperor, Emperor Karl I. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
.
Infant son of Archduke Franz Karl.
Wife (1824) of Archduke Franz Karl. Friendly with Napoleon's son in her youth. She tried to arrange a marriage between her son Emperor Franz Joseph and the eldest daughter of her sister, but he chose the youngest daughter "Sissi" instead.
Third son of Archduke Franz Karl. Brother of Emperor Franz Joseph, father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este and Otto and grandfather of Emperor Karl I. After the death of Crown Prince Rudolf he was the heir-apparent.
Second wife (1862) of Archduke Karl Ludwig.
Second son of Archduke Karl Ludwig. Father of Emperor Karl I. Usually remembered for the widely-circulated story that he had been spotted in a hallway at the Hotel Sacher
about to enter a lady's room, wearing only a sword.
Wife (1886) of Archduke Otto. She strove to keep her children away from the influence of her notorious husband, and her ability to avoid excessive displays of grief when he died was much noted. She would probably wish her tomb was not exactly where it now is. She accompanied the last reigning emperor, Karl I into exile, and spent the remainder of her life with his family after his death.
From the foot of the tombs, left to right:
Wife of Emperor Franz Joseph.
Son of Archduke Franz Karl.
Son of Emperor Franz Joseph.
Turning around from the foot of the tombs, the doorway on the south wall of this vault leads into the Crypt Chapel.
As one enters, to the right extending from the west wall:
(1923 - ), wife (1950) of Archduke Carl Ludwig, will occupy this space when she dies.
(March 10, 1918 - December 11, 2007, son of Emperor Karl I of Austria.
Wife (1911) of Emperor Karl I of Austria. The hearts of this couple are in the crypt of the Loretto Chapel of the Benedictine
Monastery at Muri
, Switzerland
.
Ahead, to the right of the altar along the south wall:, eldest son of Emperor Karl I of Austria
and claimant to the thrones (renounced in 1961) and later (1979) elected by German voters to a seat in the European Parliament
, where after many reelections he served longer than any other member.
to the left of the altar,, wife of Archduke Otto.
To the left, in front of the east wall:
In the far-right (southeast) corner:
The doorway to the right enters the east side of Franz’s Vault; the west doorway, to the left, is an exit stairway.
Son of Emperor Frederick III. Buried in the St. Georgskathedrale, Wiener Neustadt
.
Wealthy heiress of Burgundy, wife of Emperor Maximilian I. Buried in the Church of Our Lady
, Bruges
.
Son of Emperor Maximilian I. Buried in the Capilla Real
, Granada
.
Eldest son of King Philip I of Castile. Buried in the crypt of El Escorial
, near Madrid
.
Second son of King Philip I of Castile and brother of Emperor Charles V. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
, Prague
.
Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand I. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
, Prague
.
Son of Emperor Maximilian II. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
, Prague
.
Third son of Emperor Ferdinand I. Buried in the Stiftsbasilika, in Seckau
.
After the Imperial Crypt opened in 1632:
Eldest son of Archduke Charles II of Styria. Buried in the Grazer Dom, Graz
.
Daughter of Empress Maria Theresa. Buried in Saint Denis Basilica
in Paris
.
Son of Emperor Leopold II. →Family Tree Buried in the Basilica of San Lorenzo
in Florence
.
Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton. Buried in the Chiesa di San Vincenzo in Modena
.
Son of Emperor Leopold II. Buried in the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano (Italy).
Son of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress Maria Louise. Buried in Les Invalides
in Paris
.
Second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand Buried in the Pfarrkirche in Ungarisch-Altenburg (now Mosonmagyaróvár
), Hungary.
Heir Apparent, eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig. Buried in the Schlosskapelle at Artstetten.
Born Countess Chotek, wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este. Buried in the Schlosskapelle at Artstetten.
Eldest son of Archduke Otto Franz. Buried in the Nossa Senhora do Monte
church in Monte (Funchal)
on the Portuguese
island of Madeira
.
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, in which most members of the senior lines of the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
dynasty, the hereditary Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
, have been entombed, beginning in 1632.
The Imperial Crypt Vaults are an interconnected series of ten subterranean vaulted rooms, built at various times as more space was needed.
The visible 107 metal sarcophagi
Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus is a funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved or cut from stone. The word "sarcophagus" comes from the Greek σαρξ sarx meaning "flesh", and φαγειν phagein meaning "to eat", hence sarkophagus means "flesh-eating"; from the phrase lithos sarkophagos...
and 5 heart urns range in style from puritan plain to exuberant rococo. The Imperial Crypt is one of the top tourist attractions in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
.
The bodies of 145 nobles
Nobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
, plus urns containing the hearts or cremated remains of four others, are deposited here. There is only one space left.
They include 12 Emperors and 18 Empresses. The most recent entombment was in 2011.
From other families there are 32 spouses, plus four others, who have found their resting place here. Everyone else in the Imperial Crypt was born with the Habsburgs-only title of Archduke
Archduke
The title of Archduke denotes a noble rank above Duke and below King, used only by princes of the Houses of Habsburg and Habsburg-Lorraine....
or Archduchess.
In 1960, with the various vaults overcrowded, a major rearrangement project began which resulted in the construction of the Children's Columnbarium and the New Vault. At the same time many bodies were moved to those new areas, others were moved from the Tuscan Vault and Ferdinand’s Vault and walled up into the corner piers of Ferdinand's Vault.
The Founders' Vault
The Gründergruft is the oldest part of the Kaisergruft, dating from the original construction of the church (completed in 1632), and lies under the Emperor Chapel at the left of the nave of the church above. The room is low, plain, and windowless, and visible through baroque gates from Leopold’s Vault. Here stand the two plain sarcophagi of the founding couple.Looking through the gate, from left to right:
Third son of Emperor Maximilian II
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian II was king of Bohemia and king of the Romans from 1562, king of Hungary and Croatia from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation from 1564 until his death...
. Once governor of the Austrian Netherlands, he wrested power over Austria, Hungary and Moravia from his inept brother Emperor Rudolf II
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rudolf II was Holy Roman Emperor , King of Hungary and Croatia , King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria...
in 1608 and inherited the rest in 1612. He built the original hunting lodge that became Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn may refer to:*Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria*Schönbrunn , a municipality in Rhein-Neckar , Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Schönbrunn , a village in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Bavaria, Germany...
, and died only three months after his wife Empress Anna. His heart is buried in urn 2 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
. His intestines are buried in urn 18 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Ferdinand II, Duke of Tyrol and wife of her cousin Emperor Matthias who was 28 years older than she was. She provided in her will of 1617 for the establishment of a crypt for her and her husband in a Capuchin's Church to be built in Vienna, and died only one year later, at age 33 after seven years of a childless marriage. Her heart is buried in urn 1 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
. Her intestines are buried in urn 17 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Leopold's Vault
The Leopoldsgruft was built under the naveNave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
of the church above, beginning in 1657 by Emperor Leopold I, following the edict of his father Emperor Ferdinand III that the hereditary burial place of the imperial family would be in this church. Considering that Leopold contributed his three wives and 16 of his children—plus himself—to the population of the crypt, it was inevitable that other vaults would be needed soon.
Children's Columbarium
Turning to the left of the gates to the Founders’ Vault, in the thick east foundation wall of the church are twelve longitudinal recessed niches built in the 1960s containing sarcophagi of 12 children. The coffins had previously been in either the Founders’ Vault or the main hall of this vault, but were generally in poor condition and have now been placed into identical cases. No markings or documentation identifies which child lies in which coffin, but those buried in these niches are:Four children of Emperor Ferdinand III:
Infant son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Anna.
Two-year old son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Anna.
Infant daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Eleonora.
Infant son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Eleonora. His viscera are buried in urn 22 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Seven children of Emperor Leopold I: Infant son of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. His intestines are buried in urn 25 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Infant son of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. His intestines are buried in urn 27 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Margarita Teresa. Her intestines are buried in urn 28 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Claudia Felicitas. Her viscera are buried in urn 30 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Claudia Felicitas. Her heart is in a gold and silver urn atop her mother's sarcophagus in the Dominican Church. Her viscera are buried in urn 32 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Eleonora Magdelena.
Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold I and Empress Eleonora Magdelena. Her heart is buried in urn 34, and her viscera in urn 35, in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Grandson of Emperor Ferdinand III:
Son of Johann Wilhelm of Pfalz-Neuberg and Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha.
Main Hall
In front of the Children's Columbarium:Daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her body is in the Monastery of São Vicente de Fora
Monastery of São Vicente de Fora
The Church or Monastery of São Vicente de Fora; meaning "Monastery of St. Vincent Outside the Walls" is a 17th century church and monastery in the city of Lisbon, in Portugal...
in Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
, beside her husband John V of Portugal.
Proceeding along the north wall, east-to-west:
Sixteen year-old daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her heart is buried in urn 10 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
, and her viscera are buried in urn 40 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Wife of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
Johann Wilhelm II, Elector Palatine was Elector Palatine , Duke Palatine of Neuburg/Danube , Duke of Jülich and Berg , and Duke of Upper Palatinate and Cham...
.
Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III. Wife of Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland, then of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
, by whom she became grandmother of the two brothers who married Empress Maria Theresia
Maria Theresa of Austria
Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands and Parma...
and her sister.
Third wife of Emperor Ferdinand III. Foundress of the Order of the Starry Cross
Order of the Starry Cross
The Order of the Starry Cross was founded by Eleanora Gonzaga of Mantua, dowager empress of the Holy Roman Empire, in 1668. This all female order was confirmed by Pope Clement IX, June 28, 1668, and was placed under the spiritual management of the Prince Bishop of Vienna...
(the Sternkreuzorden). Her heart is buried in urn 7 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are buried in urn 33 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Niece and first wife of Emperor Leopold I at age 15. She is the blonde princess depicted in the Spanish painter Diego Velázquez
Diego Velázquez
Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez was a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist...
' masterpiece Las Meninas
Las Meninas
Las Meninas is a 1656 painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age, in the Museo del Prado in Madrid. The work's complex and enigmatic composition raises questions about reality and illusion, and creates an uncertain relationship between the viewer and the figures...
("The Maids of Honor", 1656), where she is surrounded by her ladies-in-waiting and other persons of the Spanish court. Her 21 year-old heart is buried in urn 6 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are buried in urn 29 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Second wife of Emperor Ferdinand III. Married at age 16, died in childbirth of Archduke Karl Joseph the next year.
Born Infanta of Spain, first wife of Emperor Ferdinand III.
Six-year old youngest daughter of Emperor Karl VI. Her viscera are buried in urn 45 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Second wife of Emperor Leopold I. Her body, by her own request, is dressed in the habit of a Dominican nun and is entombed beside her mother in the Dominican Church. Her viscera are buried in urn 31 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Proceeding along the south wall, east-to-west:
Twelve-year old daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Her heart is buried in urn 9 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are buried in urn 37 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Son of Emperor Leopold I. His sarcophagus is normal sized although he was only two years old when he died.
Third son of Emperor Ferdinand II. →Family Tree Nine of his children are buried here. His viscera are buried in urn 21 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I and wife of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
Maximilian II , also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also the last Governor of the Spanish Netherlands and duke of Luxembourg...
. Her heart is buried in urn 8 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are buried in urn 36 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand III. His heart is buried in urn 4 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and his viscera are buried in urn 20 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
. He established the tradition of burial of different parts in three separate Vienna churches.
Six-month old only son of Emperor Karl VI. His death later led to the War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The...
because his father had no other male heirs. His heart is buried in urn 43, and his viscera in urn 44, in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.
Third wife of Emperor Leopold I.
Karl's Vault
The first part of the Karlsgruft was built in 1710 by Emperor Joseph I. In 1720 it was extended by Johann Lukas von HildebrandtJohann Lukas von Hildebrandt
Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt was an Italian-trained Austrian architect who designed many stately buildings and churches...
on the orders of Emperor Karl VI and shelters 8 containers:
Proceeding along the south wall, from left to right:
Second son of Emperor Ferdinand III and father of Emperors Joseph I and Karl VI. He repelled an effort by the Muslims to conquer Europe at the Second Siege of Vienna
Battle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place on 11 and 12 September 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months...
. He built the Leopold's Wing of the Hofburg, used today as the offices of the president of Austria. He can be seen sculpted, kneeling prayer for the end of the plague epidemic, on the plague column (Pestsäule
Pestsäule (Vienna)
The Pestsäule is located on Graben, a street in the inner city of Vienna and is one of the most well-known and prominent pieces of sculpture in the city....
) in Vienna. Died at age 65 after a reign of 48 years. His three wives and 16 of his children are buried here. His heart is buried in urn 11 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and his viscera
Viscus
In anatomy, a viscus is an internal organ, and viscera is the plural form. The viscera, when removed from a butchered animal, are known collectively as offal...
are in urn 41 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold I. Unmarried, she was appointed governor of the Austrian Netherlands in her own right and when she died at age 69, was originally buried in Brussels but was transferred here 8 years later. Her heart is buried in urn 14 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are in urn 51 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Daughter of Emperor Karl VI. and sister of Empress Maria Theresia. She married Charles of Lorraine
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine was a Lorraine-born Austrian soldier.-Background:Charles was the son of Leopold Joseph, Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans...
, brother of Maria Theresia's husband, Emperor Franz I Stephen. They were joint governors of the Austrian Netherlands. She died in Brussels at age 24 whence her body was transferred at her sister's order. Her heart is buried in urn 15 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are in urn 52 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
War of the Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was fought among several European powers, including a divided Spain, over the possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under one Bourbon monarch. As France and Spain were among the most powerful states of Europe, such a unification would have...
ended when Karl unexpectedly inherited the Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
upon his brother Joseph's early death and no one wanted to allow the dominance that would come from empowering Karl with both realms. Moving to Vienna, he brought the Spanish Riding School
Spanish Riding School
The Spanish Riding School of Vienna, Austria, is a traditional riding school for Lipizzan horses, which perform in the Winter Riding School in the Hofburg...
with him and built the magnificent hall it uses today. Because he had no surviving male heirs, he negotiated the Pragmatic Sanction
Pragmatic sanction
A pragmatic sanction is a sovereign's solemn decree on a matter of primary importance and has the force of fundamental law. In the late history of the Holy Roman Empire it referred more specifically to an edict issued by the Emperor....
to assure that his daughter Maria Theresia would succeed him, going so far as to pre-bribe the nine Electors
Prince-elector
The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an...
but, of course, once he died they ignored their promises but kept the money, resulting in the War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The...
. He died after a reign of 29 years, at age 55 after catching a cold while hunting. His heart is buried in urn 13 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and his viscera are in urn 48 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
His tomb is one of the most remarkable, with a death's head at each corner wearing one of the distinctive crowns of his major realms (the Empire, Bohemia, Hungary, and Austria).
The empty plaza at the west third of this vault was used as the area for reception ceremonies when new bodies were brought in after the funeral ceremonies upstairs.
Returning along the north wall, from left to right:
Wife (1708) of Emperor Karl VI and mother of Empress Maria Theresa. Died at age 59 of heart failure brought on by corpulence and rheumatism. Her sarcophagus is the earliest by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
Balthasar Ferdinand Moll 4 January 1717 - Vienna 3 March 1785) was one of the most famous sculptors in Vienna during the height of the Baroque era...
. Her heart is buried in urn 17 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and her viscera are buried in urn 53 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Son of Emperor Leopold I. Allied with the British during the War of the Spanish Succession
War of the Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession was fought among several European powers, including a divided Spain, over the possible unification of the Kingdoms of Spain and France under one Bourbon monarch. As France and Spain were among the most powerful states of Europe, such a unification would have...
where his great general Eugene of Savoy worked with the Duke of Marlborough
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough
John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim, KG, PC , was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs through the late 17th and early 18th centuries...
to prevent the throne of Spain going to the French. With no surviving son, he died of the black pox
Black Pox
Black pox is a symptom of smallpox that is caused by bleeding under the skin which makes the skin look charred or black. It was more common in teenagers. This symptom usually indicates that a patient with smallpox is going to die....
at age 33 after a reign of 6 years. The heart of his wife is nearby. His heart is buried in urn 12 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and his viscera are buried separately in urn 42 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Wife (1699) of Emperor Joseph I. The wing of the Hofburg in which she had living space during her widowhood is named after her, but she founded the Salesian Cloister in Vienna 1712 to educate young women and spent much of her time there. She died of edema at age 69. Her body lies dressed in a nun's habit entombed in a simple stone sarcophagus below the high altar in the Salesian
Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary
The Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary or the Visitation Order is a Roman Catholic religious order for women. Members of the order are also known as Filles de Sainte-Marie, Visitandines, Salesian Sisters and, more commonly, Visitationists.- History of the order :The Order was founded in 1610 by...
Cloister in Vienna.
Infant son of Emperor Joseph I. Died of hydrocephalus. His viscera are buried in urn 38 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Maria Theresa's Vault
The three vaults of the Imperial Crypt held 44 bodies plus urns containing the hearts of two other persons when Empress Maria Theresa started construction of the Maria Theresien Gruft in 1754. It is behind the church above, with its dome rising into the monastery courtyard and contains the tombs of 16 persons:In the entrance archway: Son of Empress Maria Theresa. A populist who became known as "the people's emperor," he initiated many reforms (including a prohibition on embalming and elaborate burials), many of which he repudiated in disillusionment shortly before his death. In keeping with his edict, his body is unembalmed and intact within a simple copper tomb. He died shortly before his 49th birthday after an official reign of 10 years. His equestrian statue in the Josefsplatz
Josefsplatz
The Josefsplatz is a city-centre public square in the city of Vienna, Austria. The Josefsplatz is centred on a full-sized statue and monument of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor mounted on a horse ....
of the Hofburg palace is where Harry Lime's auto accident occurs in The Third Man
The Third Man
The Third Man is a 1949 British film noir, directed by Carol Reed and starring Joseph Cotten, Alida Valli, Orson Welles, and Trevor Howard. Many critics rank it as a masterpiece, particularly remembered for its atmospheric cinematography, performances, and unique musical score...
. His two wives and two children are buried in this Vault.
In the small chamber immediately north of Emperor Joseph II:
Long-time family retainer and governess to Empress Maria Theresia, her sisters and her children. The inscription of gratitude on the lid of her sarcopagus is signed by Empress Maria Theresa, who ordered her burial with the imperial family (although she had no direct blood or matrimonial connection to the Habsburgs) when she died at age 73.
In the center of the vault, from left to right: Eldest surviving descendant of Emperor Karl VI,→Family Tree her ascension was contested and officially the crown of the Empire went to her husband (1736) Emperor Franz I Stephen. Dying at age 63, her forty years' reign is thought of by the Austrians as the British think of Queen Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
: the golden years of power, prestige and empire. A prominent statue of her enthroned and surrounded by her ministers is a landmark at the entrance to the Museumsplatz. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Duke of Lorraine and Grand Duke of Tuscany. Husband of Empress Maria Theresa, he died at age 56 after nominally being Emperor for 25 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
This double tomb of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I Stephen, sculpted by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
Balthasar Ferdinand Moll
Balthasar Ferdinand Moll 4 January 1717 - Vienna 3 March 1785) was one of the most famous sculptors in Vienna during the height of the Baroque era...
is of particular artistic merit and is probably the most glorious in terms of design.
In the small chamber immediately south of Emperor Joseph II:
Still-born daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa.
Along the south wall, young children of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. From left to right:
Second son of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died of small pox shortly before his 16th birthday. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Eighth daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died of small pox at age 12. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Ninth daughter of Emperor Franz I and Empress Maria Theresa. Unhappy with the marriage arranged for her, she died of small pox the day before her wedding, at age 16.
At the southwest bend: Daughter of Prince Charles of Lorraine and Archduchess Maria Anna (sister of Empress Maria Theresa).
Along the west wall, mainly the family of Emperor Joseph II. From left to right:
Three-years old, eldest daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Second wife (1765) of Emperor Joseph II. She was the daughter of the only non-Habsburg Emperor since 1438, Karl VII of Bavaria
Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles VII Albert a member of the Wittelsbach family, was Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 until his death in 1745...
and his wife, a daughter of Emperor Joseph I. Especially because of the unusually potent form of small pox of which she died at age 28, her body was not embalmed but immediately placed intact into her coffin. Her husband of 2 years had not developed a regard for her, and did not attend her funeral.
First wife (1760) of Emperor Joseph II. Daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma
Philip, Duke of Parma
Philip of Spain was Duke of Parma from 1748 to 1765. He founded the House of Bourbon-Parma , a cadet line of the Spanish branch of the dynasty...
(1720 - 1765) (brother of King Philip V of Spain
Philip V of Spain
Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
) and Princess Marie Louise Élisabeth of France (14 August 1727 - 6 December 1759) (daughter of King Louis XV of France
Louis XV of France
Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723...
). Greatly beloved by her husband, at age 21 she contracted small pox during her second pregnancy and died 5 days after giving birth to a still born daughter. Under her husband's orders, her body was buried whole and unembalmed.
Still-born second daughter of Emperor Joseph II and his first wife Archduchess Isabella. Her tomb rests beneath that of her mother.
Eldest daughter of Emperor Joseph II and his first wife Archduchess Isabella. Died at almost 8 years of age.
Third daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephen and Empress Maria Theresa. Died at age 1 year. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Beside the entrance to Franz’s Vault on the north wall:
Infant, only child of Duke Albert of Saxony-Teschen and Archduchess Maria Christina.
Franz's Vault
In 1824 the four vaults of the Imperial Crypt held 78 bodies and urns containing the hearts of three other persons. In that year Emperor Franz II built the octagonal Franzensgruft, attaching it to the right wing of Maria Theresa’s Vault. It is in the BiedermeierBiedermeier
In Central Europe, the Biedermeier era refers to the middle-class sensibilities of the historical period between 1815, the year of the Congress of Vienna at the end of the Napoleonic Wars, and 1848, the year of the European revolutions...
style, as are the five tombs within it.
In the center:
Eldest son of Emperor Leopold II. →Family Tree He was emperor during the times of Napoleon Bonaparte and Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time.Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of...
. He changed crowns from Franz II of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
to Franz I of the Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
in mid-reign, and thus is often denoted as Franz II/I. The full-size crown atop his tomb is that of the Austrian Empire. He died at age 67 after a reign of 43 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
. His statue, dressed as a Roman emperor, stands in the main courtyard of the Hofburg palace.
In the corners, clockwise starting from the near left (south west) corner:
First wife (1788) of Emperor Franz II. She died at age 22 a day after giving birth to Ludovika Elisabeth Franziska.
Second wife (1790) at age 18 of Emperor Franz II. Mother of Empress Maria Louise (second wife of Napoleon), Emperor Ferdinand, and all subsequent children of her husband. Because her mother was a sister of her husband's father the couple were first cousins. →Family Tree (ancestors) She died at age 34 of tuburcular pleurisy
Pleurisy
Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura, the lining of the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs. Among other things, infections are the most common cause of pleurisy....
just days after giving premature birth to Amalia Therese. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Fourth wife (1816) of Emperor Franz II. Died the day after her 81st birthday, having survived her husband by 38 years and two reigns.
Third wife (1808) at age 20 of 40-year old cousin Emperor Franz II, she contracted tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
shortly after their wedding, suffering from it for the eight years of marriage before dying at age 28. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Until 1940, this vault also held the body of a grandson of Emperor Franz II, Franz Joseph Karl, Duke of Reichstadt
Napoleon II of France
Napoléon II , after 1818 known as Franz, Duke of Reichstadt, was the son of Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, and his second wife, Marie Louise of Austria...
(1811 - 1832). →Family Tree Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party , commonly referred to as the Nazi Party). He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and head of state from 1934 to 1945...
ordered that the body be sent to France where it now rests in Les Invalides
Les Invalides
Les Invalides , officially known as L'Hôtel national des Invalides , is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans, the building's...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
near the body of his father, Napoléon Bonaparte
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
. His heart is still buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Through the doorway in the west wall to the left is the south part of the Tuscan Vault. In the east wall is the west entrance to the Crypt Chapel. The north wall opens into Ferdinand’s Vault.
Ferdinand's Vault
The Ferdinandsgruft was built in 1842, along with the Tuscan Vault, in conjunction with the reconstruction of the monastery above. Although the visitor sees an almost-empty room with only two sarcophagi, this vault actually contains one-fourth of the Imperial Crypt's entire population, walled-up into the corner piers.Skip ahead to tombs: 64-72, 73-79, 80-87, 88-100
Main Hall Son of Emperor Franz II. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Born Princess of Savoy, wife of Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria.
Within the southwest pier: Nine tombs, mostly of youths:
Fourth son of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Ludovika. Died at 22. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Daughter of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Ludovika. Died at 18. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Infant first daughter of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Infant second daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand.
Infant first son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Second son of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Died at 8. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
First son of Archduke Rainer and Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 75.
Fourth son of Emperor Franz II and Empress Maria Theresia. Died at 4. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Ten-years old, last of the 11 children of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany and Alicia Bourbon-Parma.
Within the southeast pier:
Daughter of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany. Died at 25.Daughter of Archduke Franz Karl and Sophie of Bavaria, sister of Emperor Franz Joseph Died at 5.
Daughter of Archduke Rainer and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 23.
Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 3.
Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 9.
Daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Elisabeth (Sisi) Died at 2.
Daughter of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1790 to 1801 and, after a period of disenfranchisement, again from 1814 to 1824. He was also the Prince-elector and Grand Duke of Salzburg and Grand Duke of Würzburg .-Biography:Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany, into the...
and Luisa Maria Amelia Teresa of Naples. Died at 9. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Within the northwest pier:
Eight tombs, containing 9 bodies:Fourth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand) and Princess Isabella of Croy-Dülmen. Died at 14.
Fifth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand) and Princess Isabella von Croy-Dülmen. Died at 4.
Unmarried 54-year old daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Teresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Daughter of Archduke Karl. Wife (21 February 1852) of Archduke Ranier. Died at age 89.
Died in childbirth at 29. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
. Daughter of Queen Maria Karolina of Naples and Sicily. First wife (1790) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1790 to 1801 and, after a period of disenfranchisement, again from 1814 to 1824. He was also the Prince-elector and Grand Duke of Salzburg and Grand Duke of Würzburg .-Biography:Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany, into the...
. →Family Tree
Infant son of Maria Luisa. Both died during his birth and are buried in the same coffin.
Second wife (1833) of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Leopold II of Tuscany was the last reigning grand duke of Tuscany ....
. Died shortly before her 84th birthday.
Second wife (6 May 1821) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1790 to 1801 and, after a period of disenfranchisement, again from 1814 to 1824. He was also the Prince-elector and Grand Duke of Salzburg and Grand Duke of Würzburg .-Biography:Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany, into the...
. Died at age 68. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Fourth daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia. Died at 3. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Within the northeast pier:
Thirteen tombs, principally members of the Tuscan line:Son of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata. Died at 24.
Wife of Archduke Karl Salvator. Died at age 54.
Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany. Among his sons was Franz Salvator, who married Marie Valerie
Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria
Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria was the fourth and last child of Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria and Elisabeth of Bavaria . Her given name was Marie Valerie Mathilde Amalie, but she was usually called Valerie.-Early life:Princess Marie Valerie was born at Ofen in Hungary...
, a daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph. Died at 52.
Second son of Archduke Leopold Salvator. Naturalized in the USA as Leopold Lorraine in 1953. Died at 61. Married morganatically.
Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata.
Son of Archduke Rainer and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Married morganatically
Morganatic marriage
In the context of European royalty, a morganatic marriage is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which prevents the passage of the husband's titles and privileges to the wife and any children born of the marriage...
and his children bore the surname von Wallburg.
Wife of Archduke Franz V of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena. Daughter of Ludwig I of Bavaria
Ludwig I of Bavaria
Ludwig I was a German king of Bavaria from 1825 until the 1848 revolutions in the German states.-Crown prince:...
and sister of Hildegard of Bavaria.
Daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
One-day old daughter of Emperor Franz II and Maria Theresia.
Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator and Maria Immakulata.
Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany. Sociologist and traveler of the Mediterranean. Memorial website (in German).
At age 18 she became the third wife (1873) of the twice-widowed Archduke Karl Ludwig who was 22 years older, and she survived him by 48 years. For the seven years after the death of Crown Prince Rudolf her husband was the heir-apparent and she undertook many of the representional duties neglected by the ever-travelling Empress Elisabeth ("Sissi") until her married stepson Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este became the heir-apparent. During World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
she worked as a nurse, and accompanied the last emperor, Karl I into exile on Madeira
Madeira
Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between and , just under 400 km north of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in the north Atlantic Ocean and an outermost region of the European Union...
but returned to spend her old age in Vienna.
Second son of Archduke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany. Like his cousin Archduke Leopold Salvator he had an interest in ballooning, and once flew his balloon from Linz
Linz
Linz is the third-largest city of Austria and capital of the state of Upper Austria . It is located in the north centre of Austria, approximately south of the Czech border, on both sides of the river Danube. The population of the city is , and that of the Greater Linz conurbation is about...
to Dieppe in only 16 hours. His interest in things aeronautical had brought him into contact with the future head of the German air force, Hermann Goering, who later used his influence to free the Archduke from the German concentration camp at Dachau in 1938 after only 80 days there. Had issue from two morganatic marriages.
The Tuscan Vault
The Toscanagruft was built in 1842, along with Ferdinand’s Vault. At that time there were 85 bodies plus the heart urns of three other persons in the five vaults of the crypt.The Tuscan Vault once held many more than the present 14 tombs, but most were moved to the New Vault or enclosed within the piers of Ferdinand’s Vault during the major rearrangement of 1960. The 5-meter wide vault is very large, being 21 meters long, and extends along the entire western lengths of both Ferdinand's Vault and Franz’s Vault, ending only when it meets the outside wall of the west transept of Maria Theresia's Vault.
This vault takes its name from the many descendants of the younger sons of Emperor Leopold II, as Grand Duke of Tuscany, who are entombed here.
Note: the arrangement of tombs listed below was accurate before the 2003 renovation, but they have been rearranged since then.
In the archway from Ferdinand’s Vault, from left to right:
Husband of Archduchess Maria Christina. The Albertina museum, in his former palace, is named for him because his collection of paintings formed the nucleus of the museum. After the early death of their only child, the couple became the adoptive parents of Archduke Karl, the victor of Aspern. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Favorite daughter of Empress Maria Theresia. Her mother stalled arranged marriages until after the death of her father, Emperor Franz I Stephen, so that Maria Christina could marry for love instead of reasons of state—the only child allowed to do so. She chose Duke Albert of Teschen. The famous and moving monument he erected to her memory is in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
. She died of Typhus at age 56. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Third son of Empress Maria Theresia. →Family Tree Most of his career was spent in Florence, reforming the governance there as Grand Duke of Tuscany, and only his final two years were as Emperor. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Originally contracted to marry Empress Maria Theresia's second son, Archduke Karl Joseph, his early death diverted her instead to the third son, who later became Emperor Leopold II. In the course of 21 years, she bore her not-always-faithful husband 16 children, among them Emperor Franz II, and Archduke Karl the victor of Aspern. Grieving for her husband, she outlived him by only two months leaving many small children. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Behind them, from left to right:
Fourth son of Empress Maria Theresia. Governor of Lombardy and, later, the Austrian Netherlands. Founder of the House of Austria-Este., His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Wife of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton.
Daughter of Empress Maria Theresia. Wife of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand I reigned variously over Naples, Sicily, and the Two Sicilies from 1759 until his death. He was the third son of King Charles III of Spain by his wife Maria Amalia of Saxony. On 10 August 1759, Charles succeeded his elder brother, Ferdinand VI, as King Charles III of Spain...
. Almost everyone buried in the Imperial Crypt who was born after 1765 is a descendant of her or her brother Emperor Leopold II. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
To the right of the archway, along the north wall, from left to right:
Son of Archduke Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany. Married (1856) Anne of Saxony
Princess Anna of Saxony (1836–1859)
Princess Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony Princess Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony (Full German name: Prinzessin Anna...
(Dresden 4 January 1836 - Naples 10 February 1859), then (1868) Alicia of Bourbon-Parma (Parma 27 December 1849 - Schwertberg 16 January 1935). Lost his throne, 9 months after his father had abdicated it to him, when Tuscany was annexed to Italy in 1860.
Son of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1790 to 1801 and, after a period of disenfranchisement, again from 1814 to 1824. He was also the Prince-elector and Grand Duke of Salzburg and Grand Duke of Würzburg .-Biography:Ferdinand was born in Florence, Tuscany, into the...
. Abdicated his throne in 1859 in favor of his son.
Son of Archduke Rainer. Married Archduchess Marie Karoline. A major ancient manuscript collector, his 100,000-piece collection is the nucleus of the Papyrus Museum of the Austrian National Library.
To the left of the archway, along the west wall, from left to right:
Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton. Military commander during the Napoleonic Wars. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Eighth son of Emperor Leopold II. Last Grand Master of the Order of Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
before Napoleon suppressed it outside of the Habsburg lands. It still functions today, as a religious order operating charitable hospitals in Europe. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Eleventh son of Emperor Leopold II. Promoter of industrialization in Austria after studying its success in England. Member of the Council of State that exercised power during the reign of the feeble-minded Emperor Ferdinand of Austria. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
In front of them, along the east wall:
Son of Franz IV of Austria-Este
Francis IV, Duke of Modena
Francis IV Joseph Charles Ambrose Stanislaus was Duke of Modena, Reggio, and Mirandola , Duke of Massa and Prince of Carrara , Archduke of Austria-Este, Royal Prince of Hungary and Bohemia, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece...
. After the death of his mother Maria Beatrice of Savoy
Maria Beatrice of Savoy
Maria Beatrice of Savoy was a Princess of Savoy and Duchess of Modena by marriage. She was also the Jacobite Pretender from 1824 until her death.-Biography:...
in 1840, he was considered the legitimate heir to the British throne by Jacobites
Jacobitism
Jacobitism was the political movement in Britain dedicated to the restoration of the Stuart kings to the thrones of England, Scotland, later the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the Kingdom of Ireland...
. He was the last reigning Duke of Modena, which was forcibly incorporated into the new Kingdom of Italy
Italian unification
Italian unification was the political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy in the 19th century...
in 1860. Having no surviving descendant, he left most of his huge estate to his ill-fated cousin Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who subsequently used the title Archduke of Austria-Este. The art collection of his now-extinct branch, accumulated over centuries, is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum
Kunsthistorisches Museum
The Kunsthistorisches Museum is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on Ringstraße, it is crowned with an octagonal dome...
.
The New Vault
The Neue Gruft was built between 1960 and 1962 under the monastery grounds as a 280 square meter enlargement to eliminate the overcrowded jumble of 140 bodies (plus cremation and heart urns of four other persons) in the other nine vaults, and to provide a climate-controlled environment to protect the metal sarcophagi from further deterioration. Its stark concrete walls evoke the solemnity of death. The New Vault is entered from Ferdinand’s Vault, and exits into the back of Franz Joseph’s Vault. It contains 26 sarcophagi:Skip ahead to tombs: 115-119, 120-126, 127, 128-134, 135-141
West Wall To the left of the entrance, proceeding along the west wall from south to north, the "Bishops Row":
Son of Emperor Ferdinand II. Named at age 13 to take over his uncle Leopold's renounced see at Halberstaedt (when he became 22, this was confirmed by the Pope) and later became also Bishop of Olomouc, Bishop of Breslau, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
and his intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Son of Emperor Ferdinand III and Empress Maria Leopoldina, who died during his birth. Bishop of Olomouc and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
at age 13 as heir to his uncle, Archduke Leopold Wilhelm. The art collection he inherited from Archduke Leopold Wilhelm became the foundation of the Kunsthistorisches Museum
Kunsthistorisches Museum
The Kunsthistorisches Museum is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on Ringstraße, it is crowned with an octagonal dome...
. Died at age 15. His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom
Stephansdom
St. Stephen's Cathedral is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna and the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Christoph Cardinal Schönborn, OP...
.
Son of Archduchess Eleonora Maria and Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
. Archbishop of Trier. Uncle of Emperor Franz I Stephen, the husband of Empress Maria Theresia. He died unexpectedly of smallpox while visiting Vienna and, not being a Habsburg in the male line nor married to one, was originally buried in the Minoritenkirche but was brought here the next year.
- Urn containing heart of Archbishop Karl Joseph of Lorraine, placed atop his sarcophagus.
Youngest son of Empress Maria Theresia. Archbishop of Cologne. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Youngest son of Emperor Leopold II. Cardinal and Archbishop of Olomouc. A piano pupil of Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time.Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of...
, Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to him, including the Archduke Trio and his great Missa Solemnis
Missa Solemnis (Beethoven)
The Missa solemnis in D Major, Op. 123 was composed by Ludwig van Beethoven from 1819-1823. It was first performed on April 7, 1824 in St. Petersburg, under the auspices of Beethoven's patron Prince Nikolai Galitzin; an incomplete performance was given in Vienna on 7 May 1824, when the Kyrie,...
. He, in turn, dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven.
South Wall
Along the south wall:Daughter of Emperor Franz II. Empress of France as second wife of Napoléon Bonaparte
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
, later Duchess of Parma in her own right.
North Wall Proceeding along the north wall, from west to east, the first ledge contains the immediate family of Archduke Karl the victor of Aspern:
Youngest son of Archduke Karl. Became Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
.
Son of Archduke Karl.
Heldenplatz
The Heldenplatz is a historical plaza in Vienna. Many important actions took place here, most notably Adolf Hitler's announcement of the Anschluss of Austria to the German Reich in 1938.-The Plaza:...
in Vienna. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Wife of Archduke Karl. She is the only Protestant buried here, after Emperor Franz II overrode the resistance of the resident clergy.
- Urn with heart and entrails of Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg.
Infant son of Archduke Karl. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
On its own pedestal, directly across from the tomb of Empress Maria Louise:
Second son of Archduke Franz Karl and brother of Emperor Franz Joseph. Created Emperor of Mexico
Second Mexican Empire
The Second Mexican Empire was the name of Mexico under the regime established from 1864 to 1867. It was created by Napoleon III of France, who attempted to use the Mexican adventure to recapture some of the grandeur of earlier Napoleonic times...
by France and the Mexican Conservative rival Government, he was overthrown and executed by forces of the warring Mexican Liberals, who would go on to found the Republic.
The next ledge along the north wall, from left to right, mostly contains the family of Archduke Albrecht a great military commander of the following generation:
Eldest son of Archduke Karl. Because of a distinguished military career, an equestrian statue of him was erected on the ramp outside of his former home, the Albertina in Vienna.
Wife of Archduke Albrecht. Sister of Adelgunde of Bavaria. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Daughter of Archduke Albrecht. At age 18, trying to hide a burning cigarette behind her back, she set her clothes afire and died from her injuries. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Infant son of Archduke Albrecht.
Eldest son of Archduke Karl Salvator. During a brilliant military career, he reorganized and modernized the Austrian artillery, becoming Inspector General in 1908. He flew hot air balloons and work on the development of airship
Airship
An airship or dirigible is a type of aerostat or "lighter-than-air aircraft" that can be steered and propelled through the air using rudders and propellers or other thrust mechanisms...
s. He grew rich from his inventions such as all-wheel drive and half-track trucks for the army. Married (1889) Blanca Infanta of Spain
Infanta Blanca of Spain
Infanta Blanca of Spain . She was the eldest child of Carlos, Duke of Madrid, Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the name Carlos VII and his wife Princess Margherita of Bourbon-Parma. Blanca was a member of the House of Bourbon and an Infanta of Spain by birth...
(Graz 7 Sep 1868-Viareggio 25 Oct 1949).
First son of Archduke Leopold Salvator. Unmarried.
First wife (1856) of her mother's nephew, Archduke Karl Ludwig. The marriage had not yet produced any children when she fell ill of typhus while on holiday in Monza
Monza
Monza is a city and comune on the river Lambro, a tributary of the Po, in the Lombardy region of Italy some 15 km north-northeast of Milan. It is the capital of the Province of Monza and Brianza. It is best known for its Grand Prix motor racing circuit, the Autodromo Nazionale Monza.On June...
and died at age 18. Her heart is buried in the Hofkapelle in Innsbruck
Innsbruck
- Main sights :- Buildings :*Golden Roof*Kaiserliche Hofburg *Hofkirche with the cenotaph of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor*Altes Landhaus...
.
East Wall
Proceeding along the east wall, from north to south, the direct ancestors of the last emperors:Third son of Emperor Franz II. When his elder brother Emperor Ferdinand abdicated in 1848, he stood aside so that his son, Emperor Franz Joseph, could succeed to the throne instead. Great grandfather of the last reigning emperor, Emperor Karl I. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche
Augustinerkirche
The Augustinian Church in Vienna is a parish church located on Josefsplatz, next to the Hofburg, the winter palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Vienna. Originally built in the 14th century as the parish church of the imperial court of the Habsburgs, the harmonious Gothic interior was added in the...
.
Wife (1824) of Archduke Franz Karl. Friendly with Napoleon's son in her youth. She tried to arrange a marriage between her son Emperor Franz Joseph and the eldest daughter of her sister, but he chose the youngest daughter "Sissi" instead.
Third son of Archduke Franz Karl. Brother of Emperor Franz Joseph, father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este and Otto and grandfather of Emperor Karl I. After the death of Crown Prince Rudolf he was the heir-apparent.
Second wife (1862) of Archduke Karl Ludwig.
Second son of Archduke Karl Ludwig. Father of Emperor Karl I. Usually remembered for the widely-circulated story that he had been spotted in a hallway at the Hotel Sacher
Hotel Sacher
The Hotel Sacher is a five-star hotel in the Innenstadt district of Vienna, Austria, next to the Staatsoper. It is famous for the specialty of the house, the Sachertorte, a chocolate cake with apricot filling. There is also an art gallery in the hotel with works from the 19th century...
about to enter a lady's room, wearing only a sword.
Wife (1886) of Archduke Otto. She strove to keep her children away from the influence of her notorious husband, and her ability to avoid excessive displays of grief when he died was much noted. She would probably wish her tomb was not exactly where it now is. She accompanied the last reigning emperor, Karl I into exile, and spent the remainder of her life with his family after his death.
Franz Joseph's Vault
By 1908 the seven vaults of the crypt already held 129 bodies, plus the heart urns of another 3 persons. In that year the Franz Josephs Gruft was built, along with the adjacent Chapel, as part of the celebrations of Emperor Franz Josef's 60 years on the throne. The vault is usually entered from the north wall in the rear, through the southeast door of the New Vault.From the foot of the tombs, left to right:
Son of Archduke Franz Karl.
Son of Emperor Franz Joseph.
Turning around from the foot of the tombs, the doorway on the south wall of this vault leads into the Crypt Chapel.
The Crypt Chapel
The Gruftkapelle was built, along with Franz Joseph’s Vault, in 1908. It is usually entered from the south doorway of Franz Joseph's Vault.As one enters, to the right extending from the west wall:
(1923 - ), wife (1950) of Archduke Carl Ludwig, will occupy this space when she dies.
(March 10, 1918 - December 11, 2007, son of Emperor Karl I of Austria.
Wife (1911) of Emperor Karl I of Austria. The hearts of this couple are in the crypt of the Loretto Chapel of the Benedictine
Benedictine
Benedictine refers to the spirituality and consecrated life in accordance with the Rule of St Benedict, written by Benedict of Nursia in the sixth century for the cenobitic communities he founded in central Italy. The most notable of these is Monte Cassino, the first monastery founded by Benedict...
Monastery at Muri
Muri Abbey
Muri Abbey was a Benedictine monastery dedicated to Saint Martin of Tours. It flourished for over eight centuries at Muri, in the Canton of Aargau, near Basle in Switzerland...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
- A memorial tablet to "the first victims of the World War 1914 - 1918", Archduke Franz FerdinandArchduke Franz Ferdinand of AustriaFranz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia...
(1863 - 1914), son of Archduke Karl Ludwig, and to Franz Ferdinand's wife Countess Sophie of Chotkova and Wognin (1868 - 1914). The couple are buried in the crypt of the castle at Artstetten.
Ahead, to the right of the altar along the south wall:, eldest son of Emperor Karl I of Austria
Karl I of Austria
Charles I of Austria or Charles IV of Hungary was the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary, the last King of Bohemia and Croatia and the last King of Galicia and Lodomeria and the last monarch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine...
and claimant to the thrones (renounced in 1961) and later (1979) elected by German voters to a seat in the European Parliament
European Parliament
The European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world...
, where after many reelections he served longer than any other member.
to the left of the altar,, wife of Archduke Otto.
To the left, in front of the east wall:
- A statue of the Madonna, presented by Hungarian ladies in 1899 as a memorial to Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria.
In the far-right (southeast) corner:
- A memorial bust of (BlessedBeatificationBeatification is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a dead person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in his or her name . Beatification is the third of the four steps in the canonization process...
) Emperor Karl I of AustriaKarl I of AustriaCharles I of Austria or Charles IV of Hungary was the last ruler of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary, the last King of Bohemia and Croatia and the last King of Galicia and Lodomeria and the last monarch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine...
(1887 - 1922), the last reigning Emperor, whose body is buried in the Nossa Senhora do MonteMonte (Funchal)Monte is a civil parish in the municipality and a suburb of Funchal in the Portuguese archipelago of Madeira. Locally, the parish is also known as Nossa Senhora do Monte . Its population in 2001 was just over 7,444 inhabitants living in an area of approximately 18.59 km²...
church in FunchalFunchalFunchal is the largest city, the municipal seat and the capital of Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira. The city has a population of 112,015 and has been the capital of Madeira for more than five centuries.-Etymology:...
on the PortuguesePortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
island of MadeiraMadeiraMadeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between and , just under 400 km north of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in the north Atlantic Ocean and an outermost region of the European Union...
. →Family Tree
The doorway to the right enters the east side of Franz’s Vault; the west doorway, to the left, is an exit stairway.
Selected Other Habsburgs
Not all of the significant Habsburgs are entombed here. Those referred to in this article but resting elsewhere are:Son of Emperor Frederick III. Buried in the St. Georgskathedrale, Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt
-Main sights:* The Late-Romanesque Dom, consecrated in 1279 and cathedral from 1469 to 1785. The choir and transept, in Gothic style, are from the 14th century. In the late 15th century 12 statues of the Apostles were added in the apse, while the bust of Cardinal Melchior Klesl is attributed to...
.
Wealthy heiress of Burgundy, wife of Emperor Maximilian I. Buried in the Church of Our Lady
Church of Our Lady, Bruges
The Church of Our Lady in Bruges, Belgium, dates mainly from the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries.Its tower, at 122.3 meters in height, remains the tallest structure in the city and the second tallest brickwork tower in the world The Church of Our Lady in Bruges, Belgium, dates mainly from the 13th,...
, Bruges
Bruges
Bruges is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located in the northwest of the country....
.
Son of Emperor Maximilian I. Buried in the Capilla Real
Capilla real
with small text capilla real:* One of the musical Chapel Royals serving the kings of Spainwith capitalized text Capilla Real:* Royal Chapel of Granada, a mausoleum...
, Granada
Granada
Granada is a city and the capital of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain. Granada is located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains, at the confluence of three rivers, the Beiro, the Darro and the Genil. It sits at an elevation of 738 metres above sea...
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Eldest son of King Philip I of Castile. Buried in the crypt of El Escorial
El Escorial
The Royal Seat of San Lorenzo de El Escorial is a historical residence of the king of Spain, in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, about 45 kilometres northwest of the capital, Madrid, in Spain. It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, royal palace, museum, and...
, near Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
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- his descendant successors as Kings of Spain, in the crypt of El Escorial, near Madrid.
Second son of King Philip I of Castile and brother of Emperor Charles V. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
St. Vitus Cathedral
Saint Vitus' Cathedral is as a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prague, and the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The full name of the cathedral is St. Vitus, St. Wenceslas and St. Adalbert Cathedral...
, Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
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Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand I. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
St. Vitus Cathedral
Saint Vitus' Cathedral is as a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prague, and the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The full name of the cathedral is St. Vitus, St. Wenceslas and St. Adalbert Cathedral...
, Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
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Son of Emperor Maximilian II. Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral
St. Vitus Cathedral
Saint Vitus' Cathedral is as a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prague, and the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The full name of the cathedral is St. Vitus, St. Wenceslas and St. Adalbert Cathedral...
, Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
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Third son of Emperor Ferdinand I. Buried in the Stiftsbasilika, in Seckau
Seckau
Seckau is a Marktgemeinde in the state of Styria, Austria. It is situated near Knittelfeld. It is known for the Benedictine Seckau Abbey, once the seat of the bishopric Graz-Seckau.-Sources and references:*, on the Catholic Encyclopædia...
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- his descendants, the Inner Austria line, in the Stiftsbasilika in Seckau.
After the Imperial Crypt opened in 1632:
Eldest son of Archduke Charles II of Styria. Buried in the Grazer Dom, Graz
Graz
The more recent population figures do not give the whole picture as only people with principal residence status are counted and people with secondary residence status are not. Most of the people with secondary residence status in Graz are students...
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- his descendants, the Austrian Line, are the major group entombed in this Imperial Crypt.
Daughter of Empress Maria Theresa. Buried in Saint Denis Basilica
Saint Denis Basilica
The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Denis is a large medieval abbey church in the commune of Saint-Denis, now a northern suburb of Paris. The abbey church was created a cathedral in 1966 and is the seat of the Bishop of Saint-Denis, Pascal Michel Ghislain Delannoy...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
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Son of Emperor Leopold II. →Family Tree Buried in the Basilica of San Lorenzo
Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze
The Basilica di San Lorenzo is one of the largest churches of Florence, Italy, situated at the centre of the city’s main market district, and the burial place of all the principal members of the Medici family from Cosimo il Vecchio to Cosimo III...
in Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
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Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton. Buried in the Chiesa di San Vincenzo in Modena
Modena
Modena is a city and comune on the south side of the Po Valley, in the Province of Modena in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy....
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Son of Emperor Leopold II. Buried in the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano (Italy).
Son of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress Maria Louise. Buried in Les Invalides
Les Invalides
Les Invalides , officially known as L'Hôtel national des Invalides , is a complex of buildings in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France, containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans, the building's...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
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Second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand Buried in the Pfarrkirche in Ungarisch-Altenburg (now Mosonmagyaróvár
Mosonmagyaróvár
Mosonmagyaróvár is a city in Győr-Moson-Sopron county in northwestern Hungary. It lies close to both the Austrian and Slovakian borders and has a population of 30,200 ....
), Hungary.
Heir Apparent, eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig. Buried in the Schlosskapelle at Artstetten.
Born Countess Chotek, wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este. Buried in the Schlosskapelle at Artstetten.
Eldest son of Archduke Otto Franz. Buried in the Nossa Senhora do Monte
Monte (Funchal)
Monte is a civil parish in the municipality and a suburb of Funchal in the Portuguese archipelago of Madeira. Locally, the parish is also known as Nossa Senhora do Monte . Its population in 2001 was just over 7,444 inhabitants living in an area of approximately 18.59 km²...
church in Monte (Funchal)
Monte (Funchal)
Monte is a civil parish in the municipality and a suburb of Funchal in the Portuguese archipelago of Madeira. Locally, the parish is also known as Nossa Senhora do Monte . Its population in 2001 was just over 7,444 inhabitants living in an area of approximately 18.59 km²...
on the Portuguese
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
island of Madeira
Madeira
Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between and , just under 400 km north of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in the north Atlantic Ocean and an outermost region of the European Union...
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See also
- Ducal Crypt (Vienna)Ducal Crypt (Vienna)The Ducal Crypt is a mausoleum under the chancel of the Stephansdom in Vienna, Austria. It holds 78 containers with the bodies, hearts, or viscera of 72 members of the Habsburg dynasty.-History:...
, the traditional burial place for the viscera of those entombed here. - Herzgruft (Vienna), the traditional depository for the hearts of those entombed here.
- Imperial Crypt, the main article.
- Palatinal CryptPalatinal CryptThe Palatinal Crypt in Buda Castle, Budapest is the burial place of the Hungarian branch of the Habsburg dynasty, founded by Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary...
, the burial place of the Hungarian Habsburgs in Buda CastleBuda CastleBuda Castle is the historical castle and palace complex of the Hungarian kings in Budapest, first completed in 1265. In the past, it was also called Royal Palace and Royal Castle ....