International Olympiad in Informatics

The International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) is an annual computer science

Computer science

Computer science or computing science is the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems...

competition

International Science Olympiad

The International Science Olympiads are a group of worldwide annual competitions in various areas of science. The competitions are designed for the 4-6 best high school students from each participating country selected through internal National Science Olympiads, with the exception of the IOL,...

for secondary school students. The first IOI was held in 1989 in Pravetz, Bulgaria.

The contest consists of two days computer programming, solving problems of an algorithm

Algorithm

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is an effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for calculating a function. Algorithms are used for calculation, data processing, and automated reasoning...

ic nature. Students compete on an individual basis, with up to four students competing from each participating country (with around 81 countries in 2004). Students in the national teams are selected through national computing contests, such as the Australian Informatics Olympiad

Australian Informatics Olympiad

The Australian Informatics Olympiad is a computer programming competition for Australian high school students run by the Australian Informatics Olympiad Committee . The Committee, a department of the Australian Mathematics Trust , holds the 3 hour competition in early September each year...

, British Informatics Olympiad

British Informatics Olympiad

The British Informatics Olympiad is an annual computer-programming competition for secondary and sixth-form students. Any student under 19 who is in full-time pre-university education and resident in mainland Britain is eligible to compete. The competition is composed of two rounds - a preliminary...

, and Bundeswettbewerb Informatik (Germany).

The IOI is one of the most prestigious computer science competitions in the world. UNESCO

UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...

and IFIP are patrons of the International Olympiad in Informatics.

Structure of the competition

On each of the two competition days, the students are typically given four problems which they have to solve in five hours. Each student works on his/her own, with only a computer and no other help allowed, specifically no communication with other contestants, books etc. Usually to solve a task the contestant has to write a computer program (in C

C (programming language)

C is a general-purpose computer programming language developed between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system....

, C++

C++

C++ is a statically typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, compiled, general-purpose programming language. It is regarded as an intermediate-level language, as it comprises a combination of both high-level and low-level language features. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell...

or Pascal) and submit it before the five hour competition time ends. The program is graded by being run with secret test data. For IOI 2010, tasks are divided into subtasks with graduated difficulty, and points are awarded only when all tests for a particular subtask yield correct results, within specific time and memory limits. In some cases, the contestant's program has to interact with a secret computer library, which allows problems where the input is not fixed, but depends on the program's actions – for example in game problems. Another type of problem has known inputs which are publicly available already during the five hours of the contest. For these, the contestants have to submit an output file instead of a program, and it is up to them whether they obtain the output files by writing a program (possibly exploiting special characteristics of the input), or by hand, or by a combination of these means.

IOI 2010 will for the first time have a live web scoreboard with real-time provisional results. Submissions will be scored as soon as possible during the contest, and the results posted. Contestants will be aware of their scores, but not others', and may resubmit to improve their scores.

The scores from the two competition days and all problems are summed up separately for each contestant. At the awarding ceremony, contestants are awarded medals depending on their relative total score. The top 50% of the contestants are awarded medals, such that the relative number of gold : silver : bronze : no medal is approximately 1:2:3:6 (thus 1/12 of the contestants get a gold medal).

Unlike other science olympiads, the IOI regulations specifically prohibit ranking by countries. Although unofficial rankings are circulated within some participating nations, there is therefore no standard. Students who do not receive medals do not have their scores published, making it impossible for a country to be ranked by adding together scores of its competitors unless each wins a medal.

List of IOI websites and locations

IOI 2015 will be held in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...

, 2015 IOI 2014 will be held in Taiwan

Taiwan

Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

(Chinese Taipei

Chinese Taipei

Chinese Taipei is the designated name used by the Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan, to participate in some international organizations and almost all sporting events, such as the Olympics, Paralympics, Asian Games and Asian Para Games...

), 2014 IOI 2013 will be held in Brisbane

Brisbane

Brisbane is the capital and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland and the third most populous city in Australia. Brisbane's metropolitan area has a population of over 2 million, and the South East Queensland urban conurbation, centred around Brisbane, encompasses a population of...

, Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

, 2013 http://ioi2013.org/ IOI 2012 will be held in Milan

Milan

Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...

, Italy

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

, September 22-29, 2012 http://www.ioi2012.org/ IOI 2011 was held in Pattaya

Pattaya

Pattaya is a city in Thailand, located on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, about 165 km southeast of Bangkok located within but not part of Amphoe Bang Lamung in the province of Chonburi....

, Thailand

Thailand

Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...

, July 22-29, 2011 http://www.ioi2011.or.th/IOI 2010 was held in Waterloo, Ontario

Waterloo, Ontario

Waterloo is a city in Southern Ontario, Canada. It is the smallest of the three cities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, and is adjacent to the city of Kitchener....

, Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

, August 14–21, 2010 http://www.ioi2010.org/ (results) IOI 2009 was held in Plovdiv

Plovdiv

Plovdiv is the second-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia with a population of 338,153 inhabitants according to Census 2011. Plovdiv's history spans some 6,000 years, with traces of a Neolithic settlement dating to roughly 4000 BC; it is one of the oldest cities in Europe...

, Bulgaria

Bulgaria

Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...

, August 8–15, 2009 http://www.ioi2009.org/ (results) IOI 2008 was held in Cairo

Cairo

Cairo , is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life...

, Egypt

Egypt

Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

, August 16–23, 2008 http://www.ioi2008.org (results) IOI 2007 was held in Zagreb

Zagreb

Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...

, Croatia

Croatia

Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...

, August 15–22, 2007 http://www.hsin.hr/ioi2007/ (results) IOI 2006 was held in Mérida

Mérida, Yucatán

Mérida is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Yucatán and the Yucatán Peninsula. It is located in the northwest part of the state, about from the Gulf of Mexico coast...

, Yucatán

Yucatán

Yucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....

, Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

, August 13–20, 2006IOI 2005 was held in Nowy Sącz

Nowy Sacz

Nowy Sącz is a town in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland. It is the district capital of Nowy Sącz County, but is not included within the powiat.-Names:...

, Poland

Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, August 18–25, 2005 http://www.ioi2005.pl/ (results) IOI 2004 was held in Athens

Athens

Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...

, Greece

Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....

, September 11–18, 2004 http://ioinformatics.org/locations/ioi04/ (results) IOI 2003 was held in Kenosha, Wisconsin

Kenosha, Wisconsin

Kenosha is a city and the county seat of Kenosha County in the State of Wisconsin in United States. With a population of 99,218 as of May 2011, Kenosha is the fourth-largest city in Wisconsin. Kenosha is also the fourth-largest city on the western shore of Lake Michigan, following Chicago,...

, USA

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, August 16–23, 2003 http://web.archive.org/web/20070504211414/http://www.ioinformatics.org/ioi2003/ (results) IOI 2002 was held in Yong-In

Yongin

Yongin is a major city in the Seoul National Capital Area, located in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. With a population of nearly 1 million, the city has developed abrutly since the 21st century, recording the highest population growth of any city in the country. Yongin is home to Everland and...

, Korea Rep., August 18–25, 2002 http://www.ioi2002.or.kr/ IOI 2001 was held in Tampere

Tampere

Tampere is a city in southern Finland. It is the most populous inland city in any of the Nordic countries. The city has a population of , growing to approximately 300,000 people in the conurbation and over 340,000 in the metropolitan area. Tampere is the third most-populous municipality in...

, Finland

Finland

Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...

, July 14–21, 2001 http://www.ioi2001.edu.fi/ IOI 2000 was held in Beijing

Beijing

Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...

, China

People's Republic of China

China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

, September 23–30, 2000IOI 1999 was held in Antalya-Belek

Antalya

Antalya is a city on the Mediterranean coast of southwestern Turkey. With a population 1,001,318 as of 2010. It is the eighth most populous city in Turkey and country's biggest international sea resort.- History :...

, Turkey

Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

, October 9–16, 1999 http://www.ioi99.org.tr/IOI 1998 was held in Setúbal

Setúbal

Setúbal is the main city in Setúbal Municipality in Portugal with a total area of 172.0 km² and a total population of 118,696 inhabitants in the municipality. The city proper has 89,303 inhabitants....

, Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

, September 5–12, 1998 IOI 1997 was held in Cape Town

Cape Town

Cape Town is the second-most populous city in South Africa, and the provincial capital and primate city of the Western Cape. As the seat of the National Parliament, it is also the legislative capital of the country. It forms part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality...

, South Africa

South Africa

The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

, November 30 – December 7, 1997IOI 1996 was held in Veszprém

Veszprém

Veszprém is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.-Location:...

, Hungary

Hungary

Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

, July 25 – August 2, 1996 http://olympiads.win.tue.nl/ioi/ioi96/results.htmlIOI 1995 was held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

, June 26 – July 3, 1995 http://olympiads.win.tue.nl/ioi95/ IOI 1994 was held in Haninge, Sweden

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....

, July 3–10, 1994 IOI 1993 was held in Mendoza

Mendoza, Argentina

Mendoza is the capital city of Mendoza Province, in Argentina. It is located in the northern-central part of the province, in a region of foothills and high plains, on the eastern side of the Andes. As of the , Mendoza's population was 110,993...

, Argentina

Argentina

Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

, October 16–25, 1993 http://www.ioi.org.ar/mendoza/ IOI 1992 was held in Bonn

Bonn

Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....

, Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, July 11–21, 1992 IOI 1991 was held in Athens

Athens

, Greece

Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....

, May 19–25, 1991 IOI 1990 was held in Minsk

Minsk

- Ecological situation :The ecological situation is monitored by Republican Center of Radioactive and Environmental Control .During 2003–2008 the overall weight of contaminants increased from 186,000 to 247,400 tons. The change of gas as industrial fuel to mazut for financial reasons has worsened...

, Belarus, Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

, July 15–21, 1990 IOI 1989 was held in Pravetz

Pravets

Pravets is a town in central western Bulgaria, located approximately 60 km from the capital Sofia.Pravets has a population of 4,512 people. Mountains surround it, which allows for a mild climate with rare winds. In the outskirts there is a small lake used for fishing and recreation...

, Bulgaria

Bulgaria

, May 16–19, 1989.

Multiple IOI winners

The following is a list of the top performers in the history of the IOI. The * sign indicates a perfect score, a rare achievement in IOI history. Also, First (I), second (II) and third (III) places among gold medalists are indicated where appropriate. This list includes only those countries where the national selection contest allows the same participant to go multiple times to the IOI.

Name	Team	Years
Gennady Korotkevich	Belarus	*G(I)** 2011	G(I) 2010	G(I) 2009	G 2008	G 2007	S 2006
Filip Wolski	Poland	G(I) 2006	G 2005	G 2004	G 2003
Martin Pettai	Estonia	G 2002	G 2001	G 2000	S 1999
Andrzej Gąsienica-Samek	Poland	G 1999	G 1998	G 1997	S 1996
Vladimir Martianov	Russia	G 1999	G(I) 1998	G(I) 1997
Martin Mareš	Czech Republic	G 1995	G 1994	G 1993
John Pardon	United States	G 2007	G 2006	G 2005
Marcin Andrychowicz	Poland	G 2008	G 2007	G 2006
Neal Wu	United States	G 2010	G 2009	G 2008
Alex Schwendner	United States	G 2005	G 2003	S 2004	S 2002
Rumen Hristov	Bulgaria	G 2011	G(II) 2010	S 2009	S 2008
Wolfgang Thaller	Austria	G 1997	G 1996	S 1999	S 1998
Bruce Merry	South Africa	G 2001	G 2000	S 1999	B 1998	B 1997	B 1996
Goran Žužić	Croatia	G 2008	G 2007	S 2009	B 2006
Victor Bargachev	Russia	G(I) 1995	G(I) 1994	S 1993
Mihai Pătraşcu	Romania	G(II) 2001	G 2000	S 1999
Roman Pastoukhov	Russia	G 2000	G(II) 1999	S 2001
Piotr Zieliński	Poland	G 1997	G(III) 1996	S 1995
Miroslav Dudík	Slovakia	G 1997	G 1996	S 1995
Richard Královič	Slovakia	G 1999	G 1998	S 1997
Tomasz Czajka	Poland (1998, 2000), United Kingdom (1999)	G 2000	G 1999	S 1998
Petr Mitrichev Petr Mitrichev Petr Mitrichev is a Russian Coder. He won Gold medal in International Olympiad in Informatics twice in 2000 and 2002 and Silver medal in 2001. He also won the Inaugral Facebook hacker Cup. . He also won the Google Code Jam in 2006. - Early Life :...	Russia	G 2002	G 2000	S 2001
Luka Kalinovčić	Croatia	G 2004	G 2003	S 2002
Rostislav Rumenov	Bulgaria	G 2007	G 2006	S 2005
Vladislav Epifanov	Russia	G 2008	G 2007	S 2009
Cosmin Gheorghe	Romania	G 2009	G 2008	S 2007
Pasin Manurangsi	Thailand	G 2011	G 2010	S 2009
David Arthur	Canada	G(II) 2000	G 1999	B 1998
Janis Sermulins	Latvia	G 1999	G(II) 1997	B 1998
Hong Chen	P.R. China	G(II) 2000	G(I) 1999
Reid Barton Reid W. Barton Reid W. Barton was one of the most successful performers in the International Science Olympiads. He is an MIT alumnus.- Biography:Barton is the son of two environmental engineers...	United States	G(I) 2001	G 2000
Kazuhiro Hosaka	Japan	G(II) 2009	G 2008
Velin Tzanov	Bulgaria	G(III) 2002	G 2001

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Structure of the competition

List of IOI websites and locations

Multiple IOI winners

See also

External links