Jingha railway
Encyclopedia
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The Beijing–Harbin or Jingha Railway is the railway
Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles merely run on a prepared surface, rail vehicles are also directionally guided by the tracks they run on...
that connects Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
with Harbin
Harbin
Harbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
in Heilongjiang Province. It spans 1249 km (776.1 mi). It is a very prominent route in the Manchurian
Manchuria
Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...
Provinces of northeastern China.
History
Construction of the section between TangshanTangshan
"唐山"redirects here. For an alternative name of China, see Names of China#TangTangshan is a largely industrial prefecture-level city in Hebei province, People's Republic of China. It has become known for the 1976 Tangshan earthquake which measured 7.8 on the Richter scale and killed at least...
and Tianjin
Tianjin
' is a metropolis in northern China and one of the five national central cities of the People's Republic of China. It is governed as a direct-controlled municipality, one of four such designations, and is, thus, under direct administration of the central government...
began in 1881 as the Kaiping Tramway. This section is the second-oldest railway in China and the oldest still in use. (The oldest railway in China was the Woosung Railway in Shanghai, built in 1876 but dismantled and removed to Taiwan the next year.) Later this section was extended west to Beijing
Beijing
Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
and east to Shanhaiguan. It was further extended to the east and reached Mukden (modern Shenyang
Shenyang
Shenyang , or Mukden , is the capital and largest city of Liaoning Province in Northeast China. Currently holding sub-provincial administrative status, the city was once known as Shengjing or Fengtianfu...
) in Fengtian
Fengtian
Fengtian is:* The name of an old prefecture under which Shenyang city was administered. Abolished in 1910.* The former name of Liaoning province from 1907 to 1929. Under the Manchukuo regime, the name was revived, but was again abolished in 1945....
province (modern Liaoning
Liaoning
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northeast of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "辽" , a name taken from the Liao River that flows through the province. "Níng" means "peace"...
) by 1912.
The railroad operated under or was known by several names, including:
- the Imperial Railroad of North China,
- the Guanneiwai Tielu (lit. "Shanhaiguan Inner & Outer Railway"),
- the Peking–Mukden or Peiping–Mukden Railway,
- the Jingfeng Tielu (from Beijing & Fengtian), and
- the Beining Tielu (from Beiping & Liaoning).
Under the late Qing
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
and during the early Republic
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
, it was administered by and provided much of the revenue for the Ministry of Posts and Communications
Ministry of Posts and Communications
The Ministry of Posts and Communications or Youchuanbu was a Qing and Republican Chinese ministry responsible for mail and telecommunications and for the Chinese rail network....
. It is now administered by the Ministry of Railways for the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
.
The section from Shenyang
Shenyang
Shenyang , or Mukden , is the capital and largest city of Liaoning Province in Northeast China. Currently holding sub-provincial administrative status, the city was once known as Shengjing or Fengtianfu...
to Harbin
Harbin
Harbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
used to be a part of the South Manchuria branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway
Chinese Eastern Railway
The Chinese Eastern Railway or was a railway in northeastern China . It connected Chita and the Russian Far East. English-speakers have sometimes referred to this line as the Manchurian Railway...
built by the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
from 1898 to 1902. Later, the section from Changchun
Changchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin province, located in the northeast of the People's Republic of China, in the center of the Songliao Plain. It is administered as a sub-provincial city with a population of 7,677,089 at the 2010 census under its jurisdiction, including counties and...
to Shenyang became part of the Japanese South Manchuria Railway
South Manchuria Railway
The , and operated within China in the Japanese-controlled South Manchuria Railway Zone. The railway itself ran from Lüshun Port at the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula to Harbin, where it connected to the Chinese Eastern Railway.-History:...
. There used to be no linking line between the Jingfeng Railway and the South Manchuria Railway. A bridge was built for the South Manchuria Railway to cross the Jingfeng Railway. The Huanggutun Incident
Huanggutun Incident
Huanggutun Incident was an assassination plotted by the Japanese Kwantung Army that targeted Fengtian warlord Zhang Zuolin. It took place on June 4, 1928 at Huanggutun rail station near Shenyang in which Zhang's train was destroyed by an explosion...
took place on June 4, 1928 right at this bridge, several kilometers east of the Huanggutun railway station on Jingfeng railway. During the Japanese occupation of Manchuria
Manchuria
Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...
(1931–1945), the Jingfeng railway and the south Manchuria railway was connected together. After 1949, the Jingfeng Railway and the Shenyang to Harbin section of the south Manchuria railway were altogether named as Jingha Railway.
Before 2007, the Beijing-Harbin Railway shared the route with the Beijing-Shanghai Railway from Beijing
Beijing railway station
Beijing Railway Station is one of Beijing's railway stations, opened in the 1950s, as can be seen from its architecture . It is located in the city's central location, just next to Jianguomen, and is within the confines of the city's 2nd Ring Road...
to Tianjin
Tianjin Railway Station
The Tianjin Railway Station is the principal railway station in Tianjin, China. It was built in 1888, was rebuilt in 1987-1988, and restructured in 2007-2008....
, and then to Qinhuangdao.
Current status
As of December 31, 2006, it uses the Beijing-Qinhuangdao Railway, the Qinhuangdao-Shenyang Passenger Railway, and the Shenyang-Harbin portion of the Harbin-Dalian Railway.Important cities en route
- BeijingBeijingBeijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's...
- HebeiHebei' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei...
Province：QinhuangdaoQinhuangdaoQinhuangdao is a port city in northeastern Hebei province of North China. It is about 300 km east of Beijing, on the Bohai Sea, the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea.... - LiaoningLiaoning' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northeast of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "辽" , a name taken from the Liao River that flows through the province. "Níng" means "peace"...
Province：HuludaoHuludaoHuludao is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Liaoning Province, China. It is one of the two principal cities in the Liaoxi Corridor . Known as Jinxi until 1994, Huludao has a total area of 10,415 square kilometers and a population of 2.87 million, of which some 531,000 live in the city proper...
, JinzhouJinzhouJinzhou , is a prefecture-level city of Liaoning province, China. It is a geographically strategic city located in the "Liaoxi Corridor" , which connects land transportation between North China and Northeast China. Jinzhou is China's northernmost seaport and the coastal economic center of West...
, ShenyangShenyangShenyang , or Mukden , is the capital and largest city of Liaoning Province in Northeast China. Currently holding sub-provincial administrative status, the city was once known as Shengjing or Fengtianfu...
, TielingTielingTieling is a prefecture-level city in Liaoning province of the People's Republic of China.The population is 3 million at the 2nd of 2004. Tieling is a city where coal mining is an important industry.The mayor of Tieling is Li Wenke... - JilinJilinJilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
Province：SipingSipingSiping is a process of cutting thin slits across a rubber surface to improve traction in wet or icy conditions.Siping was invented and patented in 1923 under the name of John F. Sipe The story told on various websites is that, in the 1920s, Sipe worked in a slaughterhouse and grew tired of...
, ChangchunChangchunChangchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin province, located in the northeast of the People's Republic of China, in the center of the Songliao Plain. It is administered as a sub-provincial city with a population of 7,677,089 at the 2010 census under its jurisdiction, including counties and... - Heilongjiang Province：HarbinHarbinHarbin ; Manchu language: , Harbin; Russian: Харби́н Kharbin ), is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province in Northeast China, lying on the southern bank of the Songhua River...
Mileage
| Station | Mileage |
|---|---|
| Beijing Beijing railway station Beijing Railway Station is one of Beijing's railway stations, opened in the 1950s, as can be seen from its architecture . It is located in the city's central location, just next to Jianguomen, and is within the confines of the city's 2nd Ring Road... |
0 |
| Langfang Langfang Railway Station The Langfang North Railway Station is a railway station situated between Beijing and Tianjin, in Langfang, Hebei, People's Republic of China. It is serving by Jingha Railway and Jinghu Railway.... , Hebei Hebei ' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei... |
74 km (46 mi) |
| Tianjin Tianjin Railway Station The Tianjin Railway Station is the principal railway station in Tianjin, China. It was built in 1888, was rebuilt in 1987-1988, and restructured in 2007-2008.... |
137 km (85.1 mi) |
| Tangu | 177 km (110 mi) |
| - Entering Hebei Hebei ' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei... |
|
| Tangshan Tangshan station Tangshan station is a station in the city of Tangshan, in Hebei, China. It is located on the Jingha Railway.... |
260 km (161.6 mi) |
| Luan County Luan County station Luan County station is a Chinese railway station located in Luan County, on the Jingha Railway.... |
331 km (205.7 mi) |
| Beidaihe Beidaihe station Beidaihe station is a Chinese railway station located on the Jingha Railway, in Beidaihe District, Hebei, China.... |
400 km (248.5 mi) |
| Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao station Qinhuangdao station is a railway station located in the city of Qinhuangdao, in Hebei, China.... |
422 km (262.2 mi) |
| Shanhaiguan Shanhaiguan station Shanhaiguan station is a station located in the town of Shanhaiguan, Hebei, China. It is the end of the Jingshan railway and the start of the Shenshan railway.... |
438 km (272.2 mi) |
| - Entering Hebei Hebei ' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei... |
|
| Xingcheng Xingcheng station Xingcheng station is a railway station in the town of Xingcheng, Liaoning, China... |
550 km (341.8 mi) |
| Jinzhou Jinzhou station Jinzhou station is a railway station in the town of Jinzhou, Liaoning, China... |
622 km (386.5 mi) |
| Goubangzi Goubangzi station Goubangzi station is a train station located in the town of Goubangzi, Liaoning, China.... |
685 km (425.6 mi) |
| Dahushan Dahushan station Dahushan station is a railway station in the town of Dahushan, Liaoning, China... |
727 km (451.7 mi) |
| Shenyang North | 867 km (538.7 mi) |
| Tieling Tieling station Tieling station is a railway station in the town of Tieling, Liaoning, China... |
935 km (581 mi) |
| - Entering Jilin Jilin Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west... |
|
| Siping Siping station Siping station is a railway station in the town of Siping, Jilin, China... |
1053 km (654.3 mi) |
| Gongzhuling Gongzhuling station Gongzhulin station is a railway station in the town of Gongzhuling, Jilin, China.... |
1107 km (687.9 mi) |
| Changchun | 1169 km (726.4 mi) |
| - Entering Heilongjiang Heilongjiang For the river known in Mandarin as Heilong Jiang, see Amur River' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. "Heilongjiang" literally means Black Dragon River, which is the Chinese name for the Amur. The one-character abbreviation is 黑... |
|
| Harbin | 1411 km (876.8 mi) |