Juan Antonio Escurra
Encyclopedia
President of Paraguay
from 1902 to 1904.
He was born on May 6, 1859 in Caraguatay, Cordillera department
. He was married with Josefa M. Rojas, woman from a traditional family, who later would be the First Lady of the nation. His family worked growing cotton, corn and fruits. After Uriarte and Egusquiza, he was the third president with Basque last name.
. He had an important participation in the riot on October 18, 1891, in which he defended the government of General Egusquiza
.
, Juan Bautista Gaona
and Emiliano González Navero
in Treasury; Eduardo Fleitas and José Emilio Pérez in the Department of the Interior; Cayetano Carreras in the Justice and Culture Department; Antonio Cáceres, Patricio Escobar
, Bernardino Caballero
and Benigno Ferreira
in War and Navy; Pedro Pablo Peña
, Cayetano Carreras, Gualberto Cardús Huerta and Cecilio Báez
in the Foreign Office.
; Rius y Jorba exported leather and wool in great amounts. Arturo Rebaudi, according to decree of March 21, 1904, was as delegate to the 2nd Medical Congress, in Buenos Aires
; the first class of Medicine from the National University graduated; San Antonio
was declared a district, the Solar Artigas was donated to Uruguay
, the construction of a monument to the Heroes of Ytororó was authorized and the Argentine Code of Commerce was adopted.
and the United States
. O’Leary was inspector of the National Lottery. In 1902 Silvano Mosqueira quit to his position in the Municipality’s secretary and was replaced by Federico Chávez
. In 1903 Tomás Matto left his position in the Police Headquarters, the Economic and Administrative Board of Mbuyapey
was created, having Ceferino Ayala as President and Carlos Pastore as Vice-President. Fernando Vera was appointed calligraphic of the National Library in replacement of Alberto Correa and the government donated to Uruguay
the “Solar Artigas”.
, Ricardo Odriozola, Manuel Urbieta and Eusebio Taboada, among others.
In August 1904 there was an agitated military movement that settled in Villeta
and in October exploded as a revolution that ended in the overthrowing of Escurra’s government, and with it, the came the end of the republican government and the start of the Liberal era. After his destitution, Escurra retired from the politics, going back to a simple life away from the public scenery. He moved to Villa Hayes
, where he formed a family.
.
, there were paid the official military honors. Many participated of his funeral: Eligio Ayala
, President José P. Guggiari
, members of the Supreme Court and the Parliament, several fellow party members and high class families. There was a solemn mass in the Metropolitan Cathedral given by the Archbishop of Asunción, Juan Sinforiano Bogarín
.
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
from 1902 to 1904.
He was born on May 6, 1859 in Caraguatay, Cordillera department
Cordillera Department
-History:During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries this area of the country was going through a serious crisis due to population bellicosity of the Indians from Chaco. The villagers from Tobatí located north of the river Pirapo then called, had to migrate south for the continue attacks by...
. He was married with Josefa M. Rojas, woman from a traditional family, who later would be the First Lady of the nation. His family worked growing cotton, corn and fruits. After Uriarte and Egusquiza, he was the third president with Basque last name.
Beginnings
He went to school in his hometown, and later dedicated to farming. In 1879, at the age of 20 he joined the army. He got important promotions. In 1891 he was designated Commander in Misiones; on May 1892 he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and on August 24, 1897 to Colonel of the nation. His most important promotion was to Second Lieutenant of Cavalry. He was part of the coup that overthrew the government of Emilio AcevalEmilio Aceval
Emilio Aceval Merín was born in Asuncion on , was President of Paraguay November 25, 1898 – January 9, 1902. He was a member of the Colorado Party....
. He had an important participation in the riot on October 18, 1891, in which he defended the government of General Egusquiza
Juan Bautista Egusquiza
Juan Bautista Egusquiza Isasi was President of Paraguay 25 November 1894 - 25 November 1898. He was elected to one four-year term as were most presidents of Paraguay of his era. He was a member of the Colorado Party....
.
His government
He was President of Paraguay at the age of 43 years, between November 25, 1902 and December 19, 1904. He could complete his period of government because the revolution in 1904. The Vice-President was Manuel Dominguez, who also adhered to the revolution. The cabinet of Escurra was the youngest ever, because the member where only from 26 to 43 years old. They were: Fulgencio R. MorenoFulgencio R. Moreno
Fulgencio R. Moreno was a Paraguayan journalist, financial expert, statesman and one of the most serious researchers of the Paraguayan history.-Childhood and youth:...
, Juan Bautista Gaona
Juan Bautista Gaona
Juan Bautista Gaona Figueredo was provisional President of Paraguay October 18, 1904 - December 8, 1905 and later served as Vice President. He was a member of the Liberal Party. His presidency began the period of dominance for the Liberal Party which lasted for more than 30 years....
and Emiliano González Navero
Emiliano González Navero
Emiliano González Navero was Paraguayan politician of the Liberal Party, he served as President and Vice President on four occasions.-His life:He was one of the great survivors of the War against Triple Alliance...
in Treasury; Eduardo Fleitas and José Emilio Pérez in the Department of the Interior; Cayetano Carreras in the Justice and Culture Department; Antonio Cáceres, Patricio Escobar
Patricio Escobar
-His life:He was born in San José de los Arroyos on March 17, 1843. His parents were José Escobar and Ana Bella Cáceres. He was married first with Ignacia Garcete and later with Estalación E. The General Escobar was a hero in War of Paraguay against the Triple Alliance.He was a private in the base...
, Bernardino Caballero
Bernardino Caballero
Bernardino Caballero Melgarejo was the President of Paraguay from 1881 until 1886 and founder of the Colorado Party....
and Benigno Ferreira
Benigno Ferreira
Benigno Asunción Ferreira was President of Paraguay November 25, 1906 - July 4, 1908. He was a member of the Liberal Party.The general and doctor Benigno Ferrerira was one of the main protagonists in the postwar period of' ‘70 and one of the most respected political leaders of his era.Born in...
in War and Navy; Pedro Pablo Peña
Pedro Peña
Pedro Pablo Peña Cañete was provisional President of Paraguay from January 1, 1912 to March 25, 1912. He was a member of the Liberal Party.-Sources:*...
, Cayetano Carreras, Gualberto Cardús Huerta and Cecilio Báez
Cecilio Báez
Cecilio Báez González was provisional President of Paraguay from December 8, 1905 to November 25, 1906. He was a member of the Liberal Party.-Early life and career:...
in the Foreign Office.
Main work
During his government the prestigious school San José was founded, the national currency and budget stabilized. The currency had a respectable value during his government. The commerce grew noticeably, the firm Casal Ribeiro exported successfully tobacco and cotton to EuropeEurope
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
; Rius y Jorba exported leather and wool in great amounts. Arturo Rebaudi, according to decree of March 21, 1904, was as delegate to the 2nd Medical Congress, in Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
; the first class of Medicine from the National University graduated; San Antonio
San Antonio, Paraguay
San Antonio is a city in Paraguay located in the Central Department. It has been significant since colonial times, as it was located beside the Royal Way, a road which leads to the city of Villeta...
was declared a district, the Solar Artigas was donated to Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
, the construction of a monument to the Heroes of Ytororó was authorized and the Argentine Code of Commerce was adopted.
Foreign Relations
On December 29, 1903 Cecilio Báez was designated plenipotentiary in MexicoMexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
and the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. O’Leary was inspector of the National Lottery. In 1902 Silvano Mosqueira quit to his position in the Municipality’s secretary and was replaced by Federico Chávez
Federico Chávez
Dr. Federico Chaves Careaga was a Paraguayan politician and soldier who served as President of Paraguay from September 10, 1949 to May 5, 1954. He was a member of the Colorado Party....
. In 1903 Tomás Matto left his position in the Police Headquarters, the Economic and Administrative Board of Mbuyapey
Mbuyapey
Mbuyapey is a small district in Paraguarí, a department of Paraguay. It contains the town of Mbuyapey, which has a population of around 2,400.- Sources : * – World-Gazetteer.com...
was created, having Ceferino Ayala as President and Carlos Pastore as Vice-President. Fernando Vera was appointed calligraphic of the National Library in replacement of Alberto Correa and the government donated to Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
the “Solar Artigas”.
Education
Among the events that are worth mentioning in education is the organization of the First National Congress of Teachers on February 1903 and the adoption of the “Franco Plan” in the National School on March 25, 1904. That same year the poet Narciso R. Colmán was appointed magistrate in the locality of Caballero. In 1903 graduated from the Faculty of Medicine: Andrés BarberoAndrés Barbero
-Childhood and Studies:Juan Barbero and Carolina Crosa, immigrants from Piamonte, reached Paraguay when the Guerra de la Triple Alianza had just finished...
, Ricardo Odriozola, Manuel Urbieta and Eusebio Taboada, among others.
In August 1904 there was an agitated military movement that settled in Villeta
Villeta
Villeta is a city of Paraguay, in the Central Department, on the banks of Paraguay River. It is an important industrial center and port.-Toponymy:...
and in October exploded as a revolution that ended in the overthrowing of Escurra’s government, and with it, the came the end of the republican government and the start of the Liberal era. After his destitution, Escurra retired from the politics, going back to a simple life away from the public scenery. He moved to Villa Hayes
Villa Hayes
Villa Hayes is a city in Paraguay, and is the capital of the department of Presidente Hayes.-Name:Known as “the City of the Five Names”, it was eventually named in honor of Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States.-Weather:...
, where he formed a family.
Political career
Between 1898 and 1902 he was Minister of War and Navy, during the government of Emilio Aceval and Héctor Carvallo. He was member of the Colorado PartyColorado Party (Paraguay)
The National Republican Association – Colorado Party is a political party in Paraguay, founded in 1887 by Bernardino Caballero. It is usually known as the Colorado Party...
.
A goodbye with honors
The Colonel Escurra died in Villa Hayes on August 24, 1929. The Executive Power, by decree, disposed that he would be honored. A wake was held in the “Palacio de López” and his body was buried in the cemetery of the Recoleta. When the car that transported the mortal rests of Escurra arrived to the port of AsunciónAsunción
Asunción is the capital and largest city of Paraguay.The "Ciudad de Asunción" is an autonomous capital district not part of any department. The metropolitan area, called Gran Asunción, includes the cities of San Lorenzo, Fernando de la Mora, Lambaré, Luque, Mariano Roque Alonso, Ñemby, San...
, there were paid the official military honors. Many participated of his funeral: Eligio Ayala
Eligio Ayala
José Eligio Ayala was President of Paraguay from 12 April 1923 to 17 March 1924 and again from 15 August 1924 until 15 August 1928. He was a member of the Liberal Party....
, President José P. Guggiari
José Patricio Guggiari
José Patricio Guggiari Corniglione was a Paraguayan politician.He was a doctor in law and social sciences, and a general attorney . He went on to found the liberal Constitutional Party, and was elected as congressman in . He was designated Minister of Internal Affairs in 1920, and in 1922...
, members of the Supreme Court and the Parliament, several fellow party members and high class families. There was a solemn mass in the Metropolitan Cathedral given by the Archbishop of Asunción, Juan Sinforiano Bogarín
Juan Sinforiano Bogarín
Juan Sinforiano Bogarín was an eminent Paraguayan clergyman, the first Roman Catholic archbishop of Paraguay.- His life :...
.