Eligio Ayala
Encyclopedia
José Eligio Ayala was President of Paraguay
from 12 April 1923 to 17 March 1924 and again from 15 August 1924 until 15 August 1928. He was a member of the Liberal Party
.
Jose Eligio Ayala was born in Mbuyapey
in the department of Paraguarí
on 4 December 1879, son of Spanish Mariano Sisa and Paraguayan Manuela de Jesus Ayala. He was twin brother of Emilio de Jesus Ayala and brother of Eliseo’s father, Juan Pablo, Juan Bautista and Manuel Sisa. He was the father of the son of Rosaura Abelardo Gonzalez and daughter Anastasia Candelaria Duplán.
, a pair of horse
s, hens
, and pig
s, and also had a small ranch where he grew some vegetable
s.
His primary studies were conducted in his hometown and continued in Paraguarí
. In 1897 he joined the National College of the Encarnacion
, where his uncle Jose del Rosario Ayala, director of that institution, financed his studies, as the Ayala family had limited economic resources. Culminating the third year, he moved to Asuncion
to enter the National College of the capital, where he finished high school, helped by a grant from the government.
By completing the baccalaureate, he obtained a position as classifier of official documents in the National Archives and joined the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, where he was president of the Students’ Council of this house of studies in 1903. He earned his doctorate degree in law
and Social Science 22 December 1905. As he was studying, he was a professor of mathematics
and story
in secondary schools.
In 1911 he left from the port of Buenos Aires
(his place of exile) to Europe
to continue his studies philosophy
economics
aesthetics
And philosophy
law at the University of Heidelberg, Germany
and Zurich
Switzerland
. Being in Berlin
wrote his book "Agricultural Evolution in England" and "The Paraguay seen from Europe." At the end of March 1920, after visiting Spain
, Portugal
and then spent more time ashore in Argentina
, returned to Paraguay
.
, in the lawless years of the first half of the '20s, Eligio Ayala, who was appointed by Congress, assumed the provisional presidency of the Republic pril] ], 1923 initiating the pacification of the country after the revolution in 1921/22 and cleansing of public finances. On 3 February 1924, the Convention appointed him as Liberal candidate for the presidency of the Republic and to accompany him as vice president, he appointed Manuel Burgos
, that would be the pair for elections that year.
On March 17, 1924, Ayala resigned from the provisional chairmanship noting: "I am grateful to V. Honorably the confidence to play a position of such serious responsibilities. I declare before V. Honorably that I have done so as not to defraud, in the midst of many and powerful contrarieties. “As a new Congress president he appointed doctor Luis. A. Riart
.
Eligio Ayala was a candidate in presidential elections, and as he did not have adversaries in the election, he assumed ownership of the government of the Republic of Paraguay, on August 15, 1924.
During his second government, the country experienced an increase of work, production, export and a substantial improvement in the economic and financial situation of the country. They approved an agreement with the bondholders of loans from 1871–72,the autonomy to the National University was given; the Faculty of Physics
and Mathematics
was created; treaties were signed Diaz-Leon Gutierrez, with Bolivia
, and Ibarra-Mangabeira, with Brazil
, supplementary to the treaty of 1872. The archdiocese of the Asuncion was created. They settled in Sajonia the Dockyards War and Navy; created the School of Aspiring Reserve Officers; created a School of Agriculture, and before the impending conflict in Chaco the gunboats "Humaitá" and "Paraguay" were acquired, armaments, etc.. When assuming his successor, José P. Guggiari
, 1928, Eligio Ayala resumed the Ministry of Finance. He was also author of some 14 books on various topics.
.
This is what happened, according to the story at 20:30 on Thursday, October 23, 1930:
The minister Ayala went to Hilda Diez’s house, who lived in the small house that he had given her in Manuel Dominguez and Samuhú but (today Juan de Salazar and Boqueron). Ayala knocked on the door, Hilda delayed in opening for some reason and after the insistence of Ayala, the door was semi opened, when he was admitted inside the house, he saw Mr Tomas Bareiro rapidly hiding behind a closet. Bareiro began firing with a revolver Smith Wesson, 38 caliber, injuring Ayala in the arm, ear and the third bullet was embedded in the womb. Ayala, already on the floor and bled, drew his Colt pistol, 38 caliber, and fired four shots, wounding also Bareiro. Him,with his body covered with blood, wanted to flee in the backyard of the house, but was unable to do so, dying in the attempt. Ayala, who also struggled to save, got up very badly injured and walked two blocks to the Belvedere, took a taxi asking the driver to take him to the Hospital Masi Escobar.
"I'm waging terrible hours," was one of the last phrases Ayala. In delusion, while his condition was aggravated by the bleeding.
He agonized for several hours in the hospital, being accompanied by president Guggiari. Eligio Ayala died at 14:15, October 24, 1930.
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
from 12 April 1923 to 17 March 1924 and again from 15 August 1924 until 15 August 1928. He was a member of the Liberal Party
Liberal Party (Paraguay)
The Liberal Party , commonly known as the Blue Party was a political party in Paraguay, ruling the country for most of the period between 1904 and 1940.-References:...
.
Jose Eligio Ayala was born in Mbuyapey
Mbuyapey
Mbuyapey is a small district in Paraguarí, a department of Paraguay. It contains the town of Mbuyapey, which has a population of around 2,400.- Sources : * – World-Gazetteer.com...
in the department of Paraguarí
Paraguarí
Paraguarí is a city, distrito and capital of Paraguarí Department in Paraguay, located 66 km from the country’s capital, Asunción. At the 2002 census it had a population of 22,154.- Toponymy :...
on 4 December 1879, son of Spanish Mariano Sisa and Paraguayan Manuela de Jesus Ayala. He was twin brother of Emilio de Jesus Ayala and brother of Eliseo’s father, Juan Pablo, Juan Bautista and Manuel Sisa. He was the father of the son of Rosaura Abelardo Gonzalez and daughter Anastasia Candelaria Duplán.
His Life
The Ayala family owned a farm with some dairyDairy
A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting of animal milk—mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffalo, sheep, horses or camels —for human consumption. A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or section of a multi-purpose farm that is concerned...
, a pair of horse
Horse
The horse is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus, or the wild horse. It is a single-hooved mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature into the large, single-toed animal of today...
s, hens
Chicken
The chicken is a domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the Red Junglefowl. As one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, and with a population of more than 24 billion in 2003, there are more chickens in the world than any other species of bird...
, and pig
Pig
A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the Suidae family of even-toed ungulates. Pigs include the domestic pig, its ancestor the wild boar, and several other wild relatives...
s, and also had a small ranch where he grew some vegetable
Vegetable
The noun vegetable usually means an edible plant or part of a plant other than a sweet fruit or seed. This typically means the leaf, stem, or root of a plant....
s.
His primary studies were conducted in his hometown and continued in Paraguarí
Paraguarí
Paraguarí is a city, distrito and capital of Paraguarí Department in Paraguay, located 66 km from the country’s capital, Asunción. At the 2002 census it had a population of 22,154.- Toponymy :...
. In 1897 he joined the National College of the Encarnacion
Encarnación
Encarnación means incarnation in Spanish.Encarnación may also refer to:People:* Edwin Encarnación , Major League Baseball third baseman* José Encarnación, Jr...
, where his uncle Jose del Rosario Ayala, director of that institution, financed his studies, as the Ayala family had limited economic resources. Culminating the third year, he moved to Asuncion
Asunción
Asunción is the capital and largest city of Paraguay.The "Ciudad de Asunción" is an autonomous capital district not part of any department. The metropolitan area, called Gran Asunción, includes the cities of San Lorenzo, Fernando de la Mora, Lambaré, Luque, Mariano Roque Alonso, Ñemby, San...
to enter the National College of the capital, where he finished high school, helped by a grant from the government.
By completing the baccalaureate, he obtained a position as classifier of official documents in the National Archives and joined the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences, where he was president of the Students’ Council of this house of studies in 1903. He earned his doctorate degree in law
Law
Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior, wherever possible. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus...
and Social Science 22 December 1905. As he was studying, he was a professor of mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
and story
Narrative
A narrative is a constructive format that describes a sequence of non-fictional or fictional events. The word derives from the Latin verb narrare, "to recount", and is related to the adjective gnarus, "knowing" or "skilled"...
in secondary schools.
In 1911 he left from the port of Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
(his place of exile) to Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
to continue his studies philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
economics
Economics
Economics is the social science that analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. The term economics comes from the Ancient Greek from + , hence "rules of the house"...
aesthetics
Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste, and with the creation and appreciation of beauty. It is more scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste...
And philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
law at the University of Heidelberg, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
and Zurich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. Being in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
wrote his book "Agricultural Evolution in England" and "The Paraguay seen from Europe." At the end of March 1920, after visiting Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
and then spent more time ashore in Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, returned to Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
.
His Government
Following the resignation of provisional president Eusebio AyalaEusebio Ayala
Eusebio Ayala was President of Paraguay from 7 November 1921 to 12 April 1923 and again from 15 August 1932 to 17 February 1936. He was a member of the Liberal Party. He was overthrown by Rafael Franco.- His Life :...
, in the lawless years of the first half of the '20s, Eligio Ayala, who was appointed by Congress, assumed the provisional presidency of the Republic pril] ], 1923 initiating the pacification of the country after the revolution in 1921/22 and cleansing of public finances. On 3 February 1924, the Convention appointed him as Liberal candidate for the presidency of the Republic and to accompany him as vice president, he appointed Manuel Burgos
Golem
In Jewish folklore, a golem is an animated anthropomorphic being, created entirely from inanimate matter. The word was used to mean an amorphous, unformed material in Psalms and medieval writing....
, that would be the pair for elections that year.
On March 17, 1924, Ayala resigned from the provisional chairmanship noting: "I am grateful to V. Honorably the confidence to play a position of such serious responsibilities. I declare before V. Honorably that I have done so as not to defraud, in the midst of many and powerful contrarieties. “As a new Congress president he appointed doctor Luis. A. Riart
Luis Alberto Riart
For the Paraguayan Minister of Education and Culture, see Luis Alberto RiartLuis Alberto Riart was Paraguayan politician and President of Paraguay from 17 March 1924 until 15 August 1924.-His Government:...
.
Eligio Ayala was a candidate in presidential elections, and as he did not have adversaries in the election, he assumed ownership of the government of the Republic of Paraguay, on August 15, 1924.
During his second government, the country experienced an increase of work, production, export and a substantial improvement in the economic and financial situation of the country. They approved an agreement with the bondholders of loans from 1871–72,the autonomy to the National University was given; the Faculty of Physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
and Mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
was created; treaties were signed Diaz-Leon Gutierrez, with Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
, and Ibarra-Mangabeira, with Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, supplementary to the treaty of 1872. The archdiocese of the Asuncion was created. They settled in Sajonia the Dockyards War and Navy; created the School of Aspiring Reserve Officers; created a School of Agriculture, and before the impending conflict in Chaco the gunboats "Humaitá" and "Paraguay" were acquired, armaments, etc.. When assuming his successor, José P. Guggiari
José Patricio Guggiari
José Patricio Guggiari Corniglione was a Paraguayan politician.He was a doctor in law and social sciences, and a general attorney . He went on to found the liberal Constitutional Party, and was elected as congressman in . He was designated Minister of Internal Affairs in 1920, and in 1922...
, 1928, Eligio Ayala resumed the Ministry of Finance. He was also author of some 14 books on various topics.
Works during his government
- He adopted a Law on Establishment, Development and Conservation of small agricultural property.
- He enacted a law on Accidents at work, in addition to other related to Pensions and Retirement.
- Between 1924 and 1926 a considerable number of machines as plows, tractors, cultivators, seeders, etc. were brought.
- The financial representative in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
signed an agreement with bondholders on borrowings made by ParaguayParaguayParaguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
from 1871.
Political Biography
One of his charges was the first judge in the Civil administration of justice. Previously he had served as prosecutor of crime and 1907 began his political career to run for deputy, and was elected the following year. He became member of the Nation by the Liberal Party in 1908. He was elected president of the Chamber of Deputies on April 22, 1910. But some political events took him to self exile to ArgentinaArgentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
.
His controversial death
Eligio Ayala died in an incident that involved Miss Hilda Diez (his maid and lover) and Mr Tomas Bareiro. There are several versions of what really happened and according to the criminal case that was processed before the Criminal Court, the sole eyewitness was Miss Hilda, which fell in several contradictions in his statement.This is what happened, according to the story at 20:30 on Thursday, October 23, 1930:
The minister Ayala went to Hilda Diez’s house, who lived in the small house that he had given her in Manuel Dominguez and Samuhú but (today Juan de Salazar and Boqueron). Ayala knocked on the door, Hilda delayed in opening for some reason and after the insistence of Ayala, the door was semi opened, when he was admitted inside the house, he saw Mr Tomas Bareiro rapidly hiding behind a closet. Bareiro began firing with a revolver Smith Wesson, 38 caliber, injuring Ayala in the arm, ear and the third bullet was embedded in the womb. Ayala, already on the floor and bled, drew his Colt pistol, 38 caliber, and fired four shots, wounding also Bareiro. Him,with his body covered with blood, wanted to flee in the backyard of the house, but was unable to do so, dying in the attempt. Ayala, who also struggled to save, got up very badly injured and walked two blocks to the Belvedere, took a taxi asking the driver to take him to the Hospital Masi Escobar.
"I'm waging terrible hours," was one of the last phrases Ayala. In delusion, while his condition was aggravated by the bleeding.
He agonized for several hours in the hospital, being accompanied by president Guggiari. Eligio Ayala died at 14:15, October 24, 1930.