Kozova
Encyclopedia
Kozova is a small town (urban-type settlement
) in the Ternopil Oblast
(province
) of western Ukraine
, in the area historically known as Galicia, 16 km (10 mi) east of Berezhany
, some 30 km (19 mi) west of Ternopil
and ca. 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Lviv
. The town is situated beside a lake on the Koropets River (“little carp”). There is presumption that the name Kozova comes from the Ukrainian
word koza (goat
), though other possible sources exist.
in the years 1939-1991, interrupted by the period of German occupation in 1941-1944. During 1350-1772 and again in 1919-1939 it was part of Poland
and during 1772-1918 of Austria
(Austria–Hungary). The Polish name Kozowa was used when town was under Polish and Austrian dominion, up until 1939.
Kozova is the administrative center of the Kozova Raion with about 5.000 inhabitants (in the town itself), mostly local Galician Ukrainians
.
The population in 1939 was about 5,000, including many Poles
and Jews
. Upon the German occupation following Operation Barbarossa
, the extermination of the town's Jewish population began. About 1.000 Jews were deported from Kozova to the Belzec
death camp on 21 September 1942. In April 1943, another 1,000 Kozova Jews were shot by Germans, and in June 1943, 400 more Jews were executed by the Nazis. All are buried in mass grave in Kozova. After the war's end, the remaining population is exclusively Ukrainian, with only a few Poles, Jews and Russians
. The Canadian and New York Weingarten Family traces their roots to Kozova.
enterprise, with a butter plant that processes 50 tons of milk daily. AGRO Ltd. from Lviv
holds majority positions in Kozova Dairy. The town also is known for the sugar refinery, one of the main ones of the region.
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
) in the Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast is an oblast' of Ukraine. Its administrative center is Ternopil, through which flows the Seret River, a tributary of the Dnister.-Geography:...
(province
Administrative divisions of Ukraine
Ukraine is subdivided into 24 oblasts , one autonomous republic, and two "cities with special status".- Overview :...
) of western Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, in the area historically known as Galicia, 16 km (10 mi) east of Berezhany
Berezhany
Berezhany is a city located in the Ternopil Oblast of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Berezhanskyi Raion , and rests about 100 km from Lviv and 50 km from the oblast capital, Ternopil. The city has a population of about 20,000, and is about 400 m above sea level...
, some 30 km (19 mi) west of Ternopil
Ternopil
Ternopil , is a city in western Ukraine, located on the banks of the Seret River. Ternopil is one of the major cities of Western Ukraine and the historical region of Galicia...
and ca. 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Lviv
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
. The town is situated beside a lake on the Koropets River (“little carp”). There is presumption that the name Kozova comes from the Ukrainian
Ukrainian language
Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic alphabet....
word koza (goat
Goat
The domestic goat is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the Bovidae family and is closely related to the sheep as both are in the goat-antelope subfamily Caprinae. There are over three hundred distinct breeds of...
), though other possible sources exist.
History
Kozova was part of the Soviet UnionSoviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
in the years 1939-1991, interrupted by the period of German occupation in 1941-1944. During 1350-1772 and again in 1919-1939 it was part of Poland
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland refers to Poland between the two world wars; a period in Polish history in which Poland was restored as an independent state. Officially known as the Republic of Poland or the Commonwealth of Poland , the Polish state was...
and during 1772-1918 of Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
(Austria–Hungary). The Polish name Kozowa was used when town was under Polish and Austrian dominion, up until 1939.
Kozova is the administrative center of the Kozova Raion with about 5.000 inhabitants (in the town itself), mostly local Galician Ukrainians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
.
The population in 1939 was about 5,000, including many Poles
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
and Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
. Upon the German occupation following Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...
, the extermination of the town's Jewish population began. About 1.000 Jews were deported from Kozova to the Belzec
Belzec extermination camp
Belzec, Polish spelling Bełżec , was the first of the Nazi German extermination camps created for implementing Operation Reinhard during the Holocaust...
death camp on 21 September 1942. In April 1943, another 1,000 Kozova Jews were shot by Germans, and in June 1943, 400 more Jews were executed by the Nazis. All are buried in mass grave in Kozova. After the war's end, the remaining population is exclusively Ukrainian, with only a few Poles, Jews and Russians
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
. The Canadian and New York Weingarten Family traces their roots to Kozova.
Economy
Kozova Dairy is a major dairyDairy
A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting of animal milk—mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffalo, sheep, horses or camels —for human consumption. A dairy is typically located on a dedicated dairy farm or section of a multi-purpose farm that is concerned...
enterprise, with a butter plant that processes 50 tons of milk daily. AGRO Ltd. from Lviv
Lviv
Lviv is a city in western Ukraine. The city is regarded as one of the main cultural centres of today's Ukraine and historically has also been a major Polish and Jewish cultural center, as Poles and Jews were the two main ethnicities of the city until the outbreak of World War II and the following...
holds majority positions in Kozova Dairy. The town also is known for the sugar refinery, one of the main ones of the region.
Communications
The telephone code for Kozova and the Kozova district is +380 3547. Kozova telephone information service (called Dovidkova in Ukrainian): +380 3547 21222Monuments
- Belfry of Holy Spirit Church in village of Koniukhy, Kozova district.
- Holy Spirit Church in village of Koniukhy, Kozova district.
- Monument to Taras ShevchenkoTaras ShevchenkoTaras Hryhorovych Shevchenko -Life:Born into a serf family of Hryhoriy Ivanovych Shevchenko and Kateryna Yakymivna Shevchenko in the village of Moryntsi, of Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire Shevchenko was orphaned at the age of eleven...
(classical Ukrainian writer and poet) in front of Kozova Children Arts School (Khudozhnya Shkola) - Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church
See also
- ShtetlShtetlA shtetl was typically a small town with a large Jewish population in Central and Eastern Europe until The Holocaust. Shtetls were mainly found in the areas which constituted the 19th century Pale of Settlement in the Russian Empire, the Congress Kingdom of Poland, Galicia and Romania...
, a small town with a large Jewish population in pre-Holocaust Central and Eastern Europe.
