Kratonohy
Encyclopedia
Kratonohy is a small village
of about 550 people in the Czech Republic
, in the Hradec Králové Region
, lying on a state road from Prague
to Hradec Králové
, 15 kilometers away from Chlumec nad Cidlinou
. Kratonohy is a member of the village alliance Mikroregion Urbanická brázda
.
—by Býd, the son of count
Slavomil of Kouřim
at the place where he rested with his people for three days. The village was named so because of the name of the village people: kraťnožka or kraťnoha (English
translation: Person with short legs). The name is quite old, believed to be originating from between the 11th to the 12th century.
Between the years of 1318 and 1323, the village was held by Tluček, Bohuněk, Licek, Mikuláš and Sezema from Kratonohy. In the 14th century, a citadel
probably existed there, but the oldest written record about the citadel comes from the 16th century. In the second part of the 14th century, prominent people in the village were the Lords of Častolovice
, Licek from Kratonohy and Perchta, daughter of Sezema from Kostomlaty
. Perchta made a donation of some estates to St. George Monastery in Prague
. From 1407–1467, there were Hroch from Dobřenice
and brothers Jiří and Adam Dobřenský.
In the year 1623, Kratonohy was bought for 20,800 units of Míšeňská
kopa (currency
) by Alžběta Vchynská from Vchynice and Chlumec
. The homestead
had been held by Kinský
lineage to 1644, but due to mortgages
, they sold it to Asterles from Asterfeld.
At beginning of the 18th century, an elementary school
was built.
In 1835, the brickkiln
was commonly alluded to Kratonohy. In 1841, the polygonal barn, brewery
, still
-house, forester's lodge, and mill
were built.
Part of the castle and homestead was restituted
after the Velvet revolution
.
or his descendants, is now the property of an agricultural company, and intensively modified.
St. Jacob Church—Gothic
based, baroquized
in 1707-1710. It had an inwrought interior with an unusual solution: the altar
was made as grotto
and the rostrum as whale
. The altar is a reproduction of a Spanish
altar of St. James from Compostela
. The wife of manor owner Jan Adam Michna from Vacínov was Spanish, thus it is believed that its interior is the work of Spanish artists. It is one of the most impressive church interiors in the Czech Republic
.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
of about 550 people in the Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
, in the Hradec Králové Region
Hradec Králové Region
Hradec Králové Region is an administrative unit of the Czech Republic, located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové....
, lying on a state road from Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
to Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové
Hradec Králové is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Hradec Králové Region of Bohemia. The city's economy is based on food-processing technology, photochemical, and electronics manufacture. Traditional industries include musical instrument manufacturing – the best known being PETROF pianos...
, 15 kilometers away from Chlumec nad Cidlinou
Chlumec nad Cidlinou
Chlumec nad Cidlinou is a city of the Czech Republic in Bohemia, Hradec Králové Region.It is situated near Hradec Králové at the confluence of the rivers Cidlina and Bystřice. The town lies at an average height of 206 metres above sea level...
. Kratonohy is a member of the village alliance Mikroregion Urbanická brázda
Mikroregion Urbanická brázda
Mikroregion Urbanická brázda is an voluntary alliance of villages located near village Urbanice in Czech Republic...
.
History
Kratonohy was founded—according to a fableFable
A fable is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects or forces of nature which are anthropomorphized , and that illustrates a moral lesson , which may at the end be expressed explicitly in a pithy maxim.A fable differs from...
—by Býd, the son of count
Count
A count or countess is an aristocratic nobleman in European countries. The word count came into English from the French comte, itself from Latin comes—in its accusative comitem—meaning "companion", and later "companion of the emperor, delegate of the emperor". The adjective form of the word is...
Slavomil of Kouřim
Kourim
Kouřim is a small town in the Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic. It is located 45 km east of Prague and has a population of 1,769 ....
at the place where he rested with his people for three days. The village was named so because of the name of the village people: kraťnožka or kraťnoha (English
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
translation: Person with short legs). The name is quite old, believed to be originating from between the 11th to the 12th century.
Between the years of 1318 and 1323, the village was held by Tluček, Bohuněk, Licek, Mikuláš and Sezema from Kratonohy. In the 14th century, a citadel
Citadel
A citadel is a fortress for protecting a town, sometimes incorporating a castle. The term derives from the same Latin root as the word "city", civis, meaning citizen....
probably existed there, but the oldest written record about the citadel comes from the 16th century. In the second part of the 14th century, prominent people in the village were the Lords of Častolovice
Castolovice
Častolovice is a market town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has around 1,600 inhabitants.The village lies 20 kilometers from Hradec Králové and was purportedly settled by Častolov of the Hronovec family in 1342...
, Licek from Kratonohy and Perchta, daughter of Sezema from Kostomlaty
Kostomlaty nad Labem
Kostomlaty nad Labem is a village in Nymburk District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic. It has a population of 1,670 .- External links :...
. Perchta made a donation of some estates to St. George Monastery in Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
. From 1407–1467, there were Hroch from Dobřenice
Dobrenice
Dobřenice is a village in Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It is located 15 km southwest of Hradec Králové and has a population of 573 .- External links :*...
and brothers Jiří and Adam Dobřenský.
In the year 1623, Kratonohy was bought for 20,800 units of Míšeňská
Meissen
Meissen is a town of approximately 30,000 about northwest of Dresden on both banks of the Elbe river in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meissen is the home of Meissen porcelain, the Albrechtsburg castle, the Gothic Meissen Cathedral and the Meissen Frauenkirche...
kopa (currency
Currency
In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
) by Alžběta Vchynská from Vchynice and Chlumec
Chlumec nad Cidlinou
Chlumec nad Cidlinou is a city of the Czech Republic in Bohemia, Hradec Králové Region.It is situated near Hradec Králové at the confluence of the rivers Cidlina and Bystřice. The town lies at an average height of 206 metres above sea level...
. The homestead
Smallholding
A smallholding is a farm of small size.In third world countries, smallholdings are usually farms supporting a single family with a mixture of cash crops and subsistence farming. As a country becomes more affluent and farming practices become more efficient, smallholdings may persist as a legacy of...
had been held by Kinský
Kinsky
The Kinsky family of the Counts and later Princes was one of the oldest and most illustrious families originating from Bohemia...
lineage to 1644, but due to mortgages
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
, they sold it to Asterles from Asterfeld.
At beginning of the 18th century, an elementary school
Elementary school
An elementary school or primary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of compulsory education known as elementary or primary education. Elementary school is the preferred term in some countries, particularly those in North America, where the terms grade school and grammar...
was built.
In 1835, the brickkiln
Kiln
A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber, or oven, in which a controlled temperature regime is produced. Uses include the hardening, burning or drying of materials...
was commonly alluded to Kratonohy. In 1841, the polygonal barn, brewery
Brewery
A brewery is a dedicated building for the making of beer, though beer can be made at home, and has been for much of beer's history. A company which makes beer is called either a brewery or a brewing company....
, still
Still
A still is a permanent apparatus used to distill miscible or immiscible liquid mixtures by heating to selectively boil and then cooling to condense the vapor...
-house, forester's lodge, and mill
Mill (grinding)
A grinding mill is a unit operation designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them. Historically mills were powered by hand , working animal , wind or water...
were built.
Part of the castle and homestead was restituted
Restitution
The law of restitution is the law of gains-based recovery. It is to be contrasted with the law of compensation, which is the law of loss-based recovery. Obligations to make restitution and obligations to pay compensation are each a type of legal response to events in the real world. When a court...
after the Velvet revolution
Velvet Revolution
The Velvet Revolution or Gentle Revolution was a non-violent revolution in Czechoslovakia that took place from November 17 – December 29, 1989...
.
Cultural relics
The gate of the homestead—built after the year 1720 by Giovanni SantiniJan Santini Aichel
Jan Blažej Santini Aichel was a Czech architect of Italian descent, whose major works represent a curious amalgam of the Gothic and Baroque styles.-Biography:...
or his descendants, is now the property of an agricultural company, and intensively modified.
St. Jacob Church—Gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
based, baroquized
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
in 1707-1710. It had an inwrought interior with an unusual solution: the altar
Altar
An altar is any structure upon which offerings such as sacrifices are made for religious purposes. Altars are usually found at shrines, and they can be located in temples, churches and other places of worship...
was made as grotto
Grotto
A grotto is any type of natural or artificial cave that is associated with modern, historic or prehistoric use by humans. When it is not an artificial garden feature, a grotto is often a small cave near water and often flooded or liable to flood at high tide...
and the rostrum as whale
Whale
Whale is the common name for various marine mammals of the order Cetacea. The term whale sometimes refers to all cetaceans, but more often it excludes dolphins and porpoises, which belong to suborder Odontoceti . This suborder also includes the sperm whale, killer whale, pilot whale, and beluga...
. The altar is a reproduction of a Spanish
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
altar of St. James from Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain.The city's Cathedral is the destination today, as it has been throughout history, of the important 9th century medieval pilgrimage route, the Way of St. James...
. The wife of manor owner Jan Adam Michna from Vacínov was Spanish, thus it is believed that its interior is the work of Spanish artists. It is one of the most impressive church interiors in the Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
.
Famous people from Kratonohy
- Petr KostkaPetr KostkaPetr Kostka is a Czech actor.He was born in Říčany near Prague, Czechoslovakia. In 2003, he received Thalia Award for performing Herman in Smíšené pocity Mixed Emotions.-Selected filmography:...
, actor - lived and studied at the elementary school there - Jaroslav ČihákJaroslav CihákMajor general Jaroslav Čihák was an Austro-Hungarian army officer from 1914 and Russian legionary from 1916 ....
, major generalMajor GeneralMajor general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
- born there - Rudolf MedekRudolf MedekRudolf Medek was a Czech poet, army-related prose writer, and a general in the Czechoslovak Legions in Russia...
, writer - taught at elementary school there before World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...