Krefeld
Encyclopedia
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
in North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is located northwest of Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
, its centre lying just a few kilometres to the west of the River Rhine; the borough of Uerdingen
Uerdingen
Uerdingen is a district of the city of Krefeld, Germany, with a population of 18,507, though Uerdingen received its charter as a city as early as 1255, well before Krefeld. Uerdingen was merged with Krefeld in 1929, after which the term “Krefeld-Uerdingen” was used, until, eventually, the use of...
is situated directly on the Rhine. Krefeld is accessed by the autobahns A57
Bundesautobahn 57
The Bundesautobahn 57 is a German Autobahn that begins at the Dutch-German border near Goch and ends in Köln. It runs parallel to the Rhine River. Neuss and Krefeld are the biggest cities at this motorway. The A 57 is continuation of the Dutch A77...
(Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
- Nijmegen) and the A44
Bundesautobahn 44
is a German Autobahn. It consists of three main-parts and a few smaller parts. It begins in Aachen at the German-Belgian border and ends near Kassel. Before the German unification it was an unimportant provincial-motorway but after this event it became an integral part of the German highway-system...
(Aachen
Aachen
Aachen has historically been a spa town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Aachen was a favoured residence of Charlemagne, and the place of coronation of the Kings of Germany. Geographically, Aachen is the westernmost town of Germany, located along its borders with Belgium and the Netherlands, ...
- Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
- Dortmund
Dortmund
Dortmund is a city in Germany. It is located in the Bundesland of North Rhine-Westphalia, in the Ruhr area. Its population of 585,045 makes it the 7th largest city in Germany and the 34th largest in the European Union....
- Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
)
Krefeld is also called the "Velvet and Silk City".
Since 1962, the city hosted an "honors program in foreign language (German) studies" for high school students from Indiana
Indiana
Indiana is a US state, admitted to the United States as the 19th on December 11, 1816. It is located in the Midwestern United States and Great Lakes Region. With 6,483,802 residents, the state is ranked 15th in population and 16th in population density. Indiana is ranked 38th in land area and is...
/USA. The program annually places approximately thirty carefully selected high school juniors with families in and around Krefeld for intensive German language training.
Krefeld's residents speak Hochdeutsch
Standard German
Standard German is the standard variety of the German language used as a written language, in formal contexts, and for communication between different dialect areas...
, the standard German taught to all people in Germany. However, the native dialect is a Low German
Low German
Low German or Low Saxon is an Ingvaeonic West Germanic language spoken mainly in northern Germany and the eastern part of the Netherlands...
variety, sometimes locally called Krefelder Plattdeutsch, Krieewelsch Platt, Plattdeutsch, or sometimes simply Platt. The Uerdingen line
Uerdingen line
The Uerdingen Line is the isogloss within West Germanic languages that separates dialects which preserve the -k sound at the end of a word from dialects in which the word final -k has changed to word final -ch...
isogloss
Isogloss
An isogloss—also called a heterogloss —is the geographical boundary of a certain linguistic feature, such as the pronunciation of a vowel, the meaning of a word, or use of some syntactic feature...
, separating general dialectical areas in Germany and neighbouring Germanic-speaking countries, runs through and is named after Krefeld's Uerdingen district, originally an independent municipality. And also, Class 380
British Rail Class 380
Class 380 is the designation given to a class of electric multiple unit trains which operate on the national railway network in Scotland.- Description :...
are built here.
History
The origins of the town were in RomanRoman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
times, when the legions
Roman legion
A Roman legion normally indicates the basic ancient Roman army unit recruited specifically from Roman citizens. The organization of legions varied greatly over time but they were typically composed of perhaps 5,000 soldiers, divided into maniples and later into "cohorts"...
founded the military camp of Gelduba (today the borough of Gellep). Krefeld itself was first mentioned in 1105 under the name of Krinvelde. Uerdingen
Uerdingen
Uerdingen is a district of the city of Krefeld, Germany, with a population of 18,507, though Uerdingen received its charter as a city as early as 1255, well before Krefeld. Uerdingen was merged with Krefeld in 1929, after which the term “Krefeld-Uerdingen” was used, until, eventually, the use of...
was originally an independent town east of Krefeld, founded in 1255. In medieval times it was larger and more important than Krefeld.
The growth of the town began in the 17th century, when Krefeld was one of few towns spared the horrors of the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
. Because the town was quickly overpopulated, in 1683 a group of thirteen families (Mennonites) left Krefeld, crossed the Atlantic and founded the settlement of Germantown
Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Germantown is a neighborhood in the northwest section of the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, about 7–8 miles northwest from the center of the city...
(now incorporated in Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...
), thus beginning the Pennsylvania German ethnic identity. The town of Uerdingen was less fortunate; it was completely destroyed in the Thirty Years' War by troops from Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
and almost ceased to exist.
After the 1702 death of William III of Orange
William III of England
William III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
, Krefeld passed to the Kingdom of Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
. The Battle of Krefeld
Battle of Krefeld
The Battle of Krefeld was a battle fought on 23 June 1758 between a Prussian-Hanoverian army and a French army during the Seven Years' War.-Background:...
occurred nearby in 1758 during the Seven Years' War
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global military war between 1756 and 1763, involving most of the great powers of the time and affecting Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines...
. Krefeld and Uerdingen were included within the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
The Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815–22. The province was largely made up of the land held by the former United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg...
in 1815 (after 1822 the Rhine Province
Rhine Province
The Rhine Province , also known as Rhenish Prussia or synonymous to the Rhineland , was the westernmost province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia, within the German Reich, from 1822-1946. It was created from the provinces of the Lower Rhine and Jülich-Cleves-Berg...
. In 1872 Krefeld became an independent city
Independent city
An independent city is a city that does not form part of another general-purpose local government entity. These type of cities should not be confused with city-states , which are fully sovereign cities that are not part of any other sovereign state.-Historical precursors:In the Holy Roman Empire,...
within Rhenish Prussia. In 1918 it became the base of the Belgian Army
Belgian Army
The Land Component is organised using the concept of capacities, whereby units are gathered together according to their function and material. Within this framework, there are five capacities: the command capacity, the combat capacity, the support capacity, the services capacity and the training...
during the occupation of the Rhineland
Occupation of the Rhineland
The Occupation of the Rhineland took place following the armistice and brought the fighting of World War I to a close on 11 November 1918. The occupying armies consisted of American, Belgian, British and French forces...
. In 1929 Krefeld and Uerdingen merged to form Krefeld-Uerdingen; in 1940 the name was shortened to simply Krefeld. The town became part of the new state of North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Points of interest
- Castle of Linn
- Botanischer Garten KrefeldBotanischer Garten KrefeldThe Botanischer Garten Krefeld , more formally the Botanischer Garten der Stadt Krefeld, is a municipal botanical garden located at Sandberg 2, Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is open daily in the warmer months; admission is free.The garden was established in 1927–1928 as part of...
, a municipal botanical gardenBotanical gardenA botanical garden The terms botanic and botanical, and garden or gardens are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word botanic is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens. is a well-tended area displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names... - Lange and Esters HousesHaus Lange and Haus EstersHaus Lange and Haus Esters are residential houses designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in Krefeld, Germany. They were built between 1928 and 1930 in the Bauhaus style. The houses have now been converted into museums for Contemporary art.-External links:...
, a couple of neighbouring houses by early Mies van der Rohe, nowadays serving as local contemporary art museum venues. - Zoo Krefeld
Districts
There are a number of districts in Krefeld. Each has a municipal representative, with representatives chosen by local elections. The districts are:- Benrad-Nord
- Benrad-Süd
- BockumBockumBockum is a northeastern district of Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia,Germany. With its large parks, its advantageous location and high housing comfort, it is one of the most favoured residential areas in the city. The center of Bockum is marked by the neogothic church of St. Gertrudis...
, pop: about 21.903, elevation: 35 m, postal code: 47800 (old: 4150 Krefeld 1) - Cracau
- Dießem/Lehmheide
- FischelnFischelnFischeln is the most southerly district of Krefeld, Germany. Population 27,000. Older than Krefeld, Fischeln was first mentioned as "Viscolo" around 900AD. Fischeln became a district of Krefeld in 1929....
- Königshof, a part of Fischeln
- ForstwaldForstwaldForstwald is a region of Krefeld located to the west of the main city center. It is marked by its forest landscape and more up-scale housing than other regions of Krefeld....
- Gartenstadt
- Gellep-Stratum
- Hüls
- Hülser BergHülser BergHüls is the most northerly district of Krefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Formerly an independent municipality, it is part of the city Krefeld since 1970. It was the site of damask and velvet manufacturing....
- Inrath/Kliedbruch
- Kempener Feld/Baackeshof
- LinnKrefeld-LinnLinn has been a part of the City of Krefeld, Germany, since its incorporation into that city in 1901. Linn lies with its historic city center within the lower Rhenish lowlands about east of the Krefeld city center....
-
- Linn, with its own history reaching to between 1090 and 1120, was situated on the banks of the Rhine. There is in Linn a park built around a Wasserburg, a castle built at the water's edge, and with a water-filled moat. The Burg Linn, as the castle is known, has been preserved for the city's residents as a park and museum.
- OppumOppumOppum is a district of Krefeld, a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.Oppum probably developed as a Frankish farmer settlement. Its existence was first documented in the year 1072....
- Stadtmitte
- Traar, pop: about 5,000, postal code: 47802
- UerdingenUerdingenUerdingen is a district of the city of Krefeld, Germany, with a population of 18,507, though Uerdingen received its charter as a city as early as 1255, well before Krefeld. Uerdingen was merged with Krefeld in 1929, after which the term “Krefeld-Uerdingen” was used, until, eventually, the use of...
, pop: about 18,507, elevation: 31 m, postal code: 47829 - Verberg
- Oppum
- Linn, with its own history reaching to between 1090 and 1120, was situated on the banks of the Rhine. There is in Linn a park built around a Wasserburg, a castle built at the water's edge, and with a water-filled moat. The Burg Linn, as the castle is known, has been preserved for the city's residents as a park and museum.
Annexations
Here are the old cities and places that were incorporated into Krefeld:- 1901: LinnKrefeld-LinnLinn has been a part of the City of Krefeld, Germany, since its incorporation into that city in 1901. Linn lies with its historic city center within the lower Rhenish lowlands about east of the Krefeld city center....
(Stadtrecht since 1314) - 1907: Bockum, Verberg und Oppum (all mayoralty Bockum)
- 1929:
- Krefeld became an independent city
- UerdingenUerdingenUerdingen is a district of the city of Krefeld, Germany, with a population of 18,507, though Uerdingen received its charter as a city as early as 1255, well before Krefeld. Uerdingen was merged with Krefeld in 1929, after which the term “Krefeld-Uerdingen” was used, until, eventually, the use of...
, Krefeld (received municipal law in 1255/1344, added Hohenbudberg in today's Duisburg district Friemersheim) - FischelnFischelnFischeln is the most southerly district of Krefeld, Germany. Population 27,000. Older than Krefeld, Fischeln was first mentioned as "Viscolo" around 900AD. Fischeln became a district of Krefeld in 1929....
, Krefeld district - Traar, Krefeld district
- Gellep and Stratum (in Lank), Krefeld district
- Forstwald (Vorst), Krefeld district
- Benrad und Hülserberg (Hüls), Kempen
- 1975: Locality of Hüls from Kempen (since 1970 integrated and belonged since 1929 to the Kempen-Krefeld district; in 1936 Orbroich had been independent)
Historical population of Krefeld
| > | Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1604 | 350 |
| 1722 | 1,499 |
| 1787 | 7,896 |
| 1830 | 18,511 |
| 1871 | 57,105 |
| 1875 ¹ | 62,905 |
| 1880 | 73,872 |
| 1 December 1890 ¹ | 105,376 |
| 2 December 1895 ¹ | 107,245 |
| 1 December 1900 ¹ | 106,928 |
| 1 December 1905 ¹ | 110,344 |
| 1 December 1910 ¹ | 129,406 |
| 8 October 1919 ¹ | 124,325 |
December 2003
-Events:-December 1:* Occupation of Iraq:** The firefight in which more than 50 Iraqis are reported killed is now thought to have been an attempted currency heist. ** One GI is killed Monday in fighting west of Baghdad. * World AIDS Day:...
December 2007
December 2007 was the twelfth month of that year. It began on a Saturday and, after 31 days, ended on a Monday.-Portal:Current events:...
¹ Census data
Mayors of Krefeld from 1848
- 1848 - 1872: Ludwig Heinrich Ondereyck
- 1872 - 1881: Friedrich Christian Roos
- 1882 - 1903: Ernst Küper
- 1903 - 1905: Wilhelm Hammerschmidt
- 1905 - 1911: Adalbert Oehler
- 1911 - 1930: Johannes Johansen
- 1945 - 1946: Johannes Stepkes
- 1946 - 1947: Wilhelm Warsch
- 1947 - 1949: Hermann Passen
- 1949 - 1951: Hanns Müller (FDP)
- 1951 - 1956: Johannes Hauser (CDU)
- 1956 - 1961: Josef Hellenbrock (SPDSocial Democratic Party of GermanyThe Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
) - 1961 - 1968: Herbert van Hüllen (CDU)
- 1968 - 1982: Hansheinz Hauser (CDU)
- 1982 - 1989: Dieter Pützhofen, first term in office (CDU)
- 1989 - 1994: Willi Wahl (SPDSocial Democratic Party of GermanyThe Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany...
) - 1994 - 2004: Dieter Pützhofen, second term in office (CDU)
- 2004–present: Gregor Kathstede (CDU)
City counsellors 1946 until 1999
- 1946 - 1949: Johan Stepkes
- 1949 - 1964: Bernhard Heun
- 1964 - 1986: Hermann Steffens
- 1986 - 1988: Alfred Dahlmann
- 1988 - 1999: Heinz-Josef Vogt
Transport
Krefeld is connected to the Deutsche BahnDeutsche Bahn
Deutsche Bahn AG is the German national railway company, a private joint stock company . Headquartered in Berlin, it came into existence in 1994 as the successor to the former state railways of Germany, the Deutsche Bundesbahn of West Germany and the Deutsche Reichsbahn of East Germany...
network with several stations, including its main station, Krefeld Hauptbahnhof
Krefeld Hauptbahnhof
Krefeld Hauptbahnhof is the largest station of the city of Krefeld in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The double-track and electrified Duisburg-Ruhrort–Mönchengladbach railway and the Lower Left Rhine Railway cross at the station. A line to Rheydt formerly began at the station, but...
. They are served only by Regional-Express and Regionalbahn
RegionalBahn
The Regionalbahn is a type of local passenger train in Germany.-Service:Regionalbahn trains usually call at all stations on a given line, with the exception of RB trains within S-Bahn networks, these may only call at selected stations...
trains. The Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
-based Rheinbahn
Rheinbahn
The Rheinbahn is a public transport provider operating in and around Düsseldorf. Its network consists of 7 Stadtbahn lines as well as 13 tram and 92 bus services and is integrated in the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn network. The total rail network length is...
operates a Stadtbahn
Stadtbahn
A ' is a tramway or light railway that includes segments built to rapid transit standards, usually as part of a process of conversion to a metro railway, mainly by the building of tunnels in the central city area....
service to the centrally located Rheinstraße stop. This line was the first electric inter-city rail
Inter-city rail
Inter-city rail services are express passenger train services that cover longer distances than commuter or regional trains.There is no precise definition of inter-city rail. Its meaning may vary from country to country...
line in Europe, established in 1898, and commonly called the K-Bahn because of the letter "K" used to denote the trains to Krefeld. Nowadays, in the VRR
Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr
The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr is the public transport association covering the area of the Rhine-Ruhr megalopolis in Germany...
notation, it is called U76, with the morning express trains numbered as U70, the line number there being of a red colour, instead of the usual blue used for U-Bahn lines. The term K-Bahn, however, prevails in common usage.
The city of Krefeld itself operates four tram
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...
way and several bus
Bus
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker buses and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are...
lines under the umbrella of SWK Mobil
SWK MOBIL
The SWK MOBIL GmbH is a public transport operator in the city of Krefeld, and part of the Viersen district in Western Germany. The company is a is a fully owned subisidary of Stadtwerke Krefeld , offering tramway and bus services. It is a member of both the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr and the...
, a city-owned company. Since 2010 19 of the oldest trams of the type DUEWAG
DUEWAG
The DUEWAG AG was one of Germany's major manufacturers for rail vehicles. The business was sold in 1999 to Siemens transportation.- History :The company was founded in 1898 as Waggonfabrik Uerdingen AG in Uerdingen...
GT8 were replaced by modern barrier-free trams of the type Bombardier
Bombardier Transportation
Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Canadian firm, Bombardier Inc. Bombardier Transportation is one of the world's largest companies in the rail-equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Its headquarters are in Berlin, Germany....
Flexity Outlook
Flexity Outlook
The Flexity Outlook is a family of 100% low-floor articulated light-rail trams manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. Part of the larger Flexity product line , Flexity Outlook cars fall into two distinct sub-categories with dramatically different appearances...
. SWK Mobil owns an option to buy another 19 trams of the same type to replace the last 19 DUEWAG M8 trams. The whole tram-fleet will then be barrier-free. Next to that the city plans to extend the line 044 in Krefeld-Hüls to connect the northern district of Hüls with the Krefeld downtown area in.
Economy
The headquarters of FressnapfFressnapf
Fressnapf Tiernahrungs GmbH is a german franchise company for pet food. With over 1100 stores and 8000 employees in 12 european countries it is the largest european pet food company.- History :...
, a pet food retailer franchise company, are situated in Krefeld.
Sister Cities
| Country | City | County / District / Region / State | Date | |||
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Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
Venlo Venlo Venlo is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands, next to the German border. It is situated in the province of Limburg.In 2001, the municipalities of Belfeld and Tegelen were merged into the municipality of Venlo. Tegelen was originally part of the Duchy of Jülich centuries ago,... |
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Venlo Venlo Venlo is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands, next to the German border. It is situated in the province of Limburg.In 2001, the municipalities of Belfeld and Tegelen were merged into the municipality of Venlo. Tegelen was originally part of the Duchy of Jülich centuries ago,... |
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England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... |
Leicester Leicester Leicester is a city and unitary authority in the East Midlands of England, and the county town of Leicestershire. The city lies on the River Soar and at the edge of the National Forest... |
Leicestershire Leicestershire Leicestershire is a landlocked county in the English Midlands. It takes its name from the heavily populated City of Leicester, traditionally its administrative centre, although the City of Leicester unitary authority is today administered separately from the rest of Leicestershire... |
1969 | ||
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France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
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Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
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Leiden |  |
South Holland South Holland South Holland is a province situated on the North Sea in the western part of the Netherlands. The provincial capital is The Hague and its largest city is Rotterdam.South Holland is one of the most densely populated and industrialised areas in the world... |
1974 |
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United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
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Charlotte CHARLOTTE - CHARLOTTE :CHARLOTTE is an American blues-based hard rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California in 1986. Currently, they are signed to indie label, Eonian Records, under which they released their debut cd, Medusa Groove, in 2010. Notable Charlotte songs include 'Siren', 'Little Devils',... |
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North Carolina North Carolina North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte... |
1986 |
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Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
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Beeskow Beeskow Beeskow is a town in Brandenburg, Germany, and capital of the Oder-Spree district. It is situated on the river Spree, 30 km southwest of Frankfurt an der Oder.... |
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1990 |
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Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
Ulyanovsk Ulyanovsk Ulyanovsk The city is the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin , for whom it is named.-History:Simbirsk was founded in 1648 by the boyar Bogdan Khitrovo. The fort of "Simbirsk" was strategically placed on a hill on the Western bank of the Volga River... |
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Ulyanovsk Oblast Ulyanovsk Oblast Ulyanovsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk... |
1993 | |
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Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... |
Kayseri Kayseri Kayseri is a large and industrialized city in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It is the seat of Kayseri Province. The city of Kayseri, as defined by the boundaries of Kayseri Metropolitan Municipality, is structurally composed of five metropolitan districts, the two core districts of Kocasinan and... |
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2009 |
Notable natives
Scientists:- Rudi DornbuschRudi DornbuschRüdiger "Rudi" Dornbusch was a German economist who worked for most of his career in the United States.-Biography:...
(1 December, 8 June 1942 - 25 July 2002), German economist - Max Zorn (6 June 1906 - 9 March 1993 in BloomingtonBloomington, IndianaBloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 80,405 at the 2010 census....
, Indiana), German mathematician - Leopold LöwenheimLeopold LöwenheimLeopold Löwenheim was a German mathematician, known for his work in mathematical logic. The Nazi regime forced him to retire because under the Nuremberg Laws he was considered only three quarters Aryan. In 1943 much of his work was destroyed during a bombing raid on Berlin...
, logician
Writers, poets and journalists:
- Kurt FeltzKurt FeltzKurt Feltz was a highly prolific German poet and song lyricist.-External links:...
(14 April 1910 - 3 August, 1982 in Majorca) - poet - Werner Ross (1912 in UerdingenUerdingenUerdingen is a district of the city of Krefeld, Germany, with a population of 18,507, though Uerdingen received its charter as a city as early as 1255, well before Krefeld. Uerdingen was merged with Krefeld in 1929, after which the term “Krefeld-Uerdingen” was used, until, eventually, the use of...
- 2002), German writer - Otto Brües (1 May 1897 - 18 April 1967) - a journalist
- Margarethe SchreinemakersMargarethe SchreinemakersMargarethe Schreinemakers is a German television presenter, talkshow host and journalist.- Life :Schreinemakers studied sociology at University of Bonn. She works as television presenter and journalist in Germany. She presented on German broadcaster WDR Aktuelle Stunde and Extratour. From 1988 to...
(1958), a journalist
Musicians:
- Blind GuardianBlind GuardianBlind Guardian is a German power metal band formed in the mid-1980s in Krefeld, West Germany. They are often credited as one of the seminal and most influential bands in the power metal and speed metal subgenres...
, popular German heavy metal - Everon, German progressive metal
- Ralf HütterRalf HütterRalf Hütter is the lead singer, keyboardist, and reportedly leader of the electronic-music band Kraftwerk. Since the departure of Florian Schneider in 2008, he is also the group's sole remaining founding member....
(20 August 1946), Lead Singer of Electronic Music Pioneers KraftwerkKraftwerkKraftwerk is an influential electronic music band from Düsseldorf, Germany. The group was formed by Ralf Hütter and Florian Schneider in 1970, and was fronted by them until Schneider's departure in 2008... - AquagenAquagenAquagen is a German dance music group, consisting of Gino Montesano and Olaf Dieckmann. They initially achieved success with their single "Ihr Seid So Leise" , which sold more than 250,000 copies in Germany.-Singles:...
, popular German trance and techno artists - Heinrich BandHeinrich BandHeinrich Band , born in Krefeld, Germany, in 1821, was the inventor of the Bandoneón; this 'hand-organ-like' instrument is a reed instrument in the Concertina family of instruments....
(1821–1860) - Andrea BergAndrea BergAndrea Berg is a German singer in the schlager genre.Berg was born in Krefeld. As a child she would experiment with performing short sketches at carnivals and other celebrations. She later played with a band, and also worked backstage on stage set-up and drove the band's van...
, popular German singer - Cosmic GateCosmic GateCosmic Gate is a German trance duo made up of Claus Terhoeven and Stefan Bossems . Both from Krefeld in Germany. On October 28, 2009, DJ Magazine announced the results of their annual Top 100 DJ Poll, with Ultra Records artist Cosmic Gate placed #19, 43 spots above the group's ranking the year...
, popular German trance duo
Artists:
- Joseph BeuysJoseph BeuysJoseph Beuys was a German performance artist, sculptor, installation artist, graphic artist, art theorist and pedagogue of art.His extensive work is grounded in concepts of humanism, social philosophy and anthroposophy; it culminates in his "extended definition of art" and the idea of social...
(12 May 1921 - 1986), German artist - Heinrich CampendonkHeinrich CampendonkHeinrich Campendonk was a Dutch painter of German birth.He was born in Krefeld. He was a member of the Der Blaue Reiter group, from 1911 to 1912. When the Nazi regime came to power in 1933, he was among the many modernists condemned as degenerate artists, and prohibited from exhibiting...
(3 November 1889 - 9 May 1957 in AmsterdamAmsterdamAmsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
) - Albert OehlenAlbert OehlenAlbert Oehlen is a contemporary German artist. He graduated from the Hochschule für Bildende Kunst, Hamburg, in 1978. Closely associated with the Cologne art scene, he was a member of the Lord Jim Lodge, along with Martin Kippenberger among others...
, German artist - Markus OehlenMarkus OehlenMarkus Oehlen is a German artist. He studied at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf . His is formative participant of the German art movement Neue Wilde...
, German artist - Marc Margielsky, German artist
Aviators:
- Felix KrachtFelix KrachtFelix Kracht was a German engineer.After graduating from the Technical University of Aachen, he put his theoretical knowledge into practice at the aeronautical association Flugwissenschaftliche Vereinigung Aachen by building the performance glider FVA-10 “Rheinland"...
(1912–2002), aerospace engineer, an AirbusAirbusAirbus SAS is an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary of EADS, a European aerospace company. Based in Blagnac, France, surburb of Toulouse, and with significant activity across Europe, the company produces around half of the world's jet airliners....
pioneer and former Senior Vice President - Werner VossWerner VossWerner Voss was a World War I German flying ace, a friend and rival of the famous Red Baron, Manfred von Richthofen....
(13 April 1897 - 23 September 1917), German World War I aviator - Emil Schäfer (17 December 1891 – 5 June 1917), German World War I aviator
Sportspeople:
- Martin HyunMartin HyunMartin Hyun is an author and former ice hockey player in Germany's Deutsche Eishockey Liga.-Hockey career:...
, German and U.S. hockey player - Frank Schwinghammer a German and Canadian hockey player.
