Lambert Schaus
Encyclopedia
Lambert Schaus was a Luxembourg politician
, jurist, and diplomat. He held office as a government minister
and European Commissioner
.
Schaus was born in Luxembourg City to a jeweller. He studied jurisprudence
in Paris, and also in Bonn
for one term. In 1932 Schaus was appointed as a lawyer at the Luxembourgish court of appeal. Prior to the Second World War Schaus was active in local politics as a Luxembourg town councillor. When Schaus refused to support the occupation of Luxembourg by Germany
, he was arrested in 1941 by the Gestapo
and interned in a labour camp where he worked to build motorways. Later he was made an office assistant in the district administration office of Cochem
and was later stationed in labour camps in the Sudetenland
and Black Forest
areas.
On returning to Luxembourg after the war he became economy and army minister in the government of Pierre Dupong in August 1946, representing the CSV
party. He was responsible for the difficult reconstruction and for the first standing army of the Grand Duchy. In July 1948 Schaus left the government and again became Luxembourg town councillor until 1952. From 1952 he became a special envoy, and from 1955, ambassador to Belgium
, based in Brussels
. In this role he was significantly involved in the development of European integration and led the Luxembourg delegation negotiating the formation of the European Economic Community
and Euratom.
On 18 June 1958 Schaus was appointed Luxembourg's representative on the inaugural European Commission
, the Hallstein Commission
, to replace the recently deceased Michel Rasquin
. Schaus had responsibility for the Transport portfolio. He strove in particular for a common traffic policy among the EEC states as well as opening of the national markets for traffic and transport enterprises from other states. He was re-appointed to the second Hallstein commission in 1962 and served until 1967. He was succeeded by Victor Bodson
.
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Politics of Luxembourg
Politics of Luxembourg takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby the Prime Minister of Luxembourg is the head of government, and of a multi-party system...
, jurist, and diplomat. He held office as a government minister
Minister (government)
A minister is a politician who holds significant public office in a national or regional government. Senior ministers are members of the cabinet....
and European Commissioner
European Commissioner
A European Commissioner is a member of the 27-member European Commission. Each Member within the college holds a specific portfolio and are led by the President of the European Commission...
.
Schaus was born in Luxembourg City to a jeweller. He studied jurisprudence
Jurisprudence
Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. Scholars of jurisprudence, or legal theorists , hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of law, of legal reasoning, legal systems and of legal institutions...
in Paris, and also in Bonn
Bonn
Bonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....
for one term. In 1932 Schaus was appointed as a lawyer at the Luxembourgish court of appeal. Prior to the Second World War Schaus was active in local politics as a Luxembourg town councillor. When Schaus refused to support the occupation of Luxembourg by Germany
German occupation of Luxembourg in World War II
The German occupation of Luxembourg in World War II was the period in the history of Luxembourg after it was used as a transit territory to attack France by outflanking the Maginot Line. Plans for the attack had been prepared by 9 October 1939, but execution was postponed several times...
, he was arrested in 1941 by the Gestapo
Gestapo
The Gestapo was the official secret police of Nazi Germany. Beginning on 20 April 1934, it was under the administration of the SS leader Heinrich Himmler in his position as Chief of German Police...
and interned in a labour camp where he worked to build motorways. Later he was made an office assistant in the district administration office of Cochem
Cochem
Cochem is the seat of and the biggest place in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. With just under 5,000 inhabitants, Cochem falls just behind Kusel, in the like-named district, as Germany's second smallest district seat...
and was later stationed in labour camps in the Sudetenland
Sudetenland
Sudetenland is the German name used in English in the first half of the 20th century for the northern, southwest and western regions of Czechoslovakia inhabited mostly by ethnic Germans, specifically the border areas of Bohemia, Moravia, and those parts of Silesia being within Czechoslovakia.The...
and Black Forest
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
areas.
On returning to Luxembourg after the war he became economy and army minister in the government of Pierre Dupong in August 1946, representing the CSV
Christian Social People's Party
The Christian Social People's Party , abbreviated to CSV or PCS, is the largest political party in Luxembourg. The party follows a Christian Democratic and conservative ideology and, like most parties in Luxembourg, it is strongly pro-European...
party. He was responsible for the difficult reconstruction and for the first standing army of the Grand Duchy. In July 1948 Schaus left the government and again became Luxembourg town councillor until 1952. From 1952 he became a special envoy, and from 1955, ambassador to Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, based in Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
. In this role he was significantly involved in the development of European integration and led the Luxembourg delegation negotiating the formation of the European Economic Community
European Economic Community
The European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) The European Economic Community (EEC) (also known as the Common Market in the English-speaking world, renamed the European Community (EC) in 1993The information in this article primarily covers the EEC's time as an independent...
and Euratom.
On 18 June 1958 Schaus was appointed Luxembourg's representative on the inaugural European Commission
European Commission
The European Commission is the executive body of the European Union. The body is responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the Union's treaties and the general day-to-day running of the Union....
, the Hallstein Commission
Hallstein Commission
The Hallstein Commission is the European Commission that held office from 7 January 1958 to 30 June 1967. Its President was Walter Hallstein and held two separate mandates.-Work:...
, to replace the recently deceased Michel Rasquin
Michel Rasquin
Michel Rasquin was a Luxembourgian journalist and socialist politician, and European Commissioner.Rasquin was born in Pétange, Luxembourg in 1899. After the Second World War he was the president of the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party from 1945 to 1951.He was a member of the Council of State,...
. Schaus had responsibility for the Transport portfolio. He strove in particular for a common traffic policy among the EEC states as well as opening of the national markets for traffic and transport enterprises from other states. He was re-appointed to the second Hallstein commission in 1962 and served until 1967. He was succeeded by Victor Bodson
Victor Bodson
Victor Bodson was a justice minister of Luxembourg and received the Righteous Among the Nations award by the Israeli Supreme Court for his participation during the Holocaust in helping Jews in Germany escape persecution from the German government.Bodson was born in 1902 in Luxembourg...
.
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