List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
Encyclopedia
Parent article: List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
These are some notable tornado
es, tornado outbreak
s, and tornado outbreak sequence
s that have occurred in Europe.
These are some notable tornado
Tornado
A tornado is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as a twister or a cyclone, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology in a wider...
es, tornado outbreak
Tornado outbreak
While there is no single agreed upon definition, generally at least 6-10 tornadoes produced by the same synoptic scale weather system is considered a tornado outbreak. The tornadoes usually occur within the same day, or continue into the early morning hours of the succeeding day, and within the...
s, and tornado outbreak sequence
Tornado outbreak sequence
A tornado outbreak sequence is a period of continuous or nearly continuous high tornado activity consisting of a series of tornado outbreaks over multiple days with no or very few days lacking tornado outbreaks....
s that have occurred in Europe.
Pre-20th century
| Event | Date | Area | Tornadoes | Casualties | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosdalla, Ireland Tornado | April 30, 1054 | Ireland Ireland Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth... |
- | - | Earliest known European tornado |
| London Tornado of 1091 London Tornado of 1091 The London Tornado of 1091 is reckoned by modern assessment of the reports as possibly a T8 tornado which occurred in London, England. Britain's earliest reported tornado, it occurred on 17 October 1091, killing two. The wooden London Bridge was demolished, and the church of St... , England Tornado |
October 23, 1091 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | Earliest known and perhaps strongest British tornado |
| Vyšehrad Tornado of 1119 | July 30, 1119 | Vyšehrad Vyšehrad Vyšehrad is a castle located in the city of Prague, Czech Republic. It was probably built in the 10th century, on a hill over the Vltava River... , Bohemia Bohemia Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague... |
- | - | Earliest known and perhaps strongest Czech tornado which destroyed palace of Czech duke at Vyšehrad Vyšehrad Vyšehrad is a castle located in the city of Prague, Czech Republic. It was probably built in the 10th century, on a hill over the Vltava River... now in Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million... |
| Czech Tornado of 1144 | May 14, 1144 | Bohemia Bohemia Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague... |
2 | - | Two tornadoes near military camp of duke Oto |
| Prague Tornado of 1255 | April 8, 1255 | Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million... , Bohemia Bohemia Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague... |
- | - | Tornado at Prague Castle Prague Castle Prague Castle is a castle in Prague where the Kings of Bohemia, Holy Roman Emperors and presidents of Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic have had their offices. The Czech Crown Jewels are kept here... |
| Valletta, Malta Tornado | September 23, 1551 (or 1556) | Malta Malta Malta , officially known as the Republic of Malta , is a Southern European country consisting of an archipelago situated in the centre of the Mediterranean, south of Sicily, east of Tunisia and north of Libya, with Gibraltar to the west and Alexandria to the east.Malta covers just over in... |
- | ≈600 fatalities | Perhaps deadliest European tornado |
| Neznašov, Czech Tornado | July 6, 1585 | Bohemia Bohemia Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague... |
- | - | |
| Augsburg, Germany Tornado | July 2, 1587 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
- | - | |
| Roma, Italy Tornado | December 4, 1645 | Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
- | Many fatalities | probably F4 |
| La Rochelle - Paris, France Tornadoes | September 1669 | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
- | - | Longest track tornado family in Europe |
| Utrecht, Netherlands Tornado | August 1, 1674 | Utrecht Utrecht (city) Utrecht city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, and is the fourth largest city of the Netherlands with a population of 312,634 on 1 Jan 2011.Utrecht's ancient city centre features... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
- | - | Destroyed part of the Dom Tower of Utrecht Dom Tower of Utrecht The Dom Tower of Utrecht is the tallest church tower in the Netherlands, at 112.5 metres in height, and the Gothic-style tower is the symbol of the city. The tower was part of the Cathedral of Saint Martin, Utrecht, also known as Dom Church, and was built between 1321 and 1382, to a design by... |
| Roma, Italy Tornado | June 12, 1749 | Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
- | 3 fatalities | Destroyed many houses in Rome and Ostia,probably F3 multivortex tornado |
| Padua, Italy Tornado | August 17, 1756 | Veneto Veneto Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
- | - | A likely F3 tornado hit the city of Padua Padua Padua is a city and comune in the Veneto, northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area. Padua's population is 212,500 . The city is sometimes included, with Venice and Treviso, in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area, having... , heavy damaging masonry buildings, with leaded roofs Palazzo della Ragione The Palazzo della Ragione is a Medieval town hall building in Padua, in the Veneto region of ItalyThe building, with its great hall on the upper floor, is reputed to have the largest roof unsupported by columns in Europe; the hall is nearly rectangular, its length 81.5m, its breadth 27m, and its... throwns several kilometers away |
| Great Malvern Tornado Great Malvern Tornado of 1761 The Great Malvern Tornado of 1761 occurred on Wednesday, October 14th 1761 in the vicinity of Great Malvern, Worcestershire, in England. It was described as follows:... |
October 14, 1761 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | |
| Woldegk, Germany Tornado | June 29, 1764 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
- | - | probably F5 |
| Hainichen, Germany Tornado | April 23, 1800 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
- | - | probably F5 |
| Fernhill Heath - Hampshire, England Tornadoes | September 22, 1810 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | Widest known and perhaps strongest British tornadoes |
| Southsea, England Tornado | December 14, 1810 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | Perhaps strongest British tornado |
| Seine - Maritime, France Tornado | August 19, 1845 | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
- | 70-200 fatalities | Perhaps strongest European tornado |
| Sicily, Italy Tornadoes | December 1851 | Sicily Sicily Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
2 | ≈500 fatalities | Among deadliest European tornadoes |
| Brno, Czech Tornado | October 13, 1870 | Brno Brno Brno by population and area is the second largest city in the Czech Republic, the largest Moravian city, and the historical capital city of the Margraviate of Moravia. Brno is the administrative centre of the South Moravian Region where it forms a separate district Brno-City District... , Moravia Moravia Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region... |
- | - | Detailed scientific description by Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel Gregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian scientist and Augustinian friar who gained posthumous fame as the founder of the new science of genetics. Mendel demonstrated that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, now referred to as the laws of Mendelian inheritance... |
| Vienna, Austria Tornado | June 29, 1873 | | Vienna, Austria | - | Many fatalities | |
| F4 Rhineland-Tornado | July 1, 1891 | North-Rhineland Rhineland Historically, the Rhinelands refers to a loosely-defined region embracing the land on either bank of the River Rhine in central Europe.... , Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
1 | at least 1 fatality, many injured | Total destruction of Anrath Willich Willich is a town in the district of Viersen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the cities of Düsseldorf, Mönchengladbach and Krefeld, about 30 kilometres from the border with the Netherlands.-History:... , a small village |
20th century
| Event | Date | Area | Tornadoes | Casualties | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Javaugues, France Tornado | June 3, 1902 | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
- | 1 fatality | Widest known European tornado |
| Moscow, Russia Tornado 1904 Moscow tornado The June 29, 1904 Moscow tornado was one of only three disastrous tornadoes that occurred in central Russia in recorded history . The 1904 disaster started as a thunderstorm in Tula region... |
June 29, 1904 | Moscow, Russia | ≥2 | ≥30 fatalities | |
| Barry - Chester, Wales- England Tornado | October 27, 1913 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | Several fatalities | Perhaps deadliest British tornadic supercell |
| Wiener Neustadt, Austria Tornado | July 10, 1916 | Wiener Neustadt Wiener Neustadt -Main sights:* The Late-Romanesque Dom, consecrated in 1279 and cathedral from 1469 to 1785. The choir and transept, in Gothic style, are from the 14th century. In the late 15th century 12 statues of the Apostles were added in the apse, while the bust of Cardinal Melchior Klesl is attributed to... , Austria Austria Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the... |
- | 32 fatalities, 300+ injured | Deadliest and strongest known Austrian supercell tornado. (F3/T7) |
| Southern Netherlands Tornado Outbreak | April 26, 1924 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
≥3 | - | |
| Borculo, Netherlands Tornado Outbreak | August 10, 1925 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
Many | 3 fatalities | |
| Uetersen, Germany Tornado Outbreak | August 10, 1925 | Uetersen Uetersen Uetersen ) is a city in the district of Pinneberg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated approx. south of Elmshorn, and northwest of Hamburg at the small river Pinnau, close to the Elbe river... |
1 | 1 fatalities | Tornado (F3) |
| Lichtenvoorde - Neede - Tubbergen, Netherlands Tornado | June 1, 1927 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... - Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
- | 10 fatalities | Possibly multiple tornadoes, T9-T10 damage near Neede |
| Montello, Italy Tornado | July 24, 1930 | Veneto Veneto Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule... and Friuli Friuli Friuli is an area of northeastern Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e. the province of Udine, Pordenone, Gorizia, excluding Trieste... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
- | ≥23 fatalities | Perhaps strongest European tornado struck tornadicly active area of Italy, supposed F5, gusts of about 500km/h, leveled masonry buildings. |
| Lublin Tornado | July 22, 1931 | Poland | - | 6 fatalites | Described as the F5 but it is uncertain value. |
| Nurmijärvi - Konginkangas | August 4, 1932 | Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
- | 1 fatality | 6 tornadoes (one F3) track 20 km) |
| Kiuruvesi | July 11, 1934 | Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
- | 1 fatality | F4 tornado, strongest one in Finland |
| Loray, Doubs Tornado | June 9, 1935 | Doubs Doubs Doubs is a department the Franche-Comté region of eastern France named after the Doubs River.-History:As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke the Franc-Comtois language, a dialect of Langue d'Oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
- | - | |
| Buckinghamshire - Cambridgeshire, England Tornadoes | May 21, 1950 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | Longest known British tornado/tornado family |
| Veluwe, Gelderland - Haulerwijk, Friesland, Netherlands Tornadoes | August 23, 1950 | Gelderland Gelderland Gelderland is the largest province of the Netherlands, located in the central eastern part of the country. The capital city is Arnhem. The two other major cities, Nijmegen and Apeldoorn have more inhabitants. Other major regional centers in Gelderland are Ede, Doetinchem, Zutphen, Tiel, Wijchen,... - Friesland Friesland Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
≥2 | - | Strongest recorded tornado in Nederlands, T10 (F5) damage in 50 kilometre long path in Veluwe forest. |
| Castelo Branco, Portugal Tornado | November 6, 1954 | Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the... |
- | 4 fatalities, 200 injuries | |
| Rawa Mazowiecka Rawa Mazowiecka Rawa Mazowiecka is a town in central Poland, with 17,765 inhabitants . It lies in the Łódź Voivodeship and is the capital of Rawa County.First mentioned in 1288, it received city rights in 1321.... and Nowe Miasto Nowe Miasto nad Pilica Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą is a town in Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,885 inhabitants .... Poland Tornado |
May 15 - 16, 1958 | Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north... |
2 | 3 fatalities, >100 injuries | |
| Rzeszów, Poland Tornado | May 20 | South-East Poland near Rzeszów and Tomaszow Lubelski | many | 4 fatalities | |
| Parma, Italy Tornado | July 4, 1965 | Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
≥1 | 25 fatalities, 160 injuries | |
| Western Europe Tornado Outbreaks of 1967 | June 24–25, 1967 | France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... - Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... - Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many... |
≥8 | ≥15 fatalities | Same storm system produced two destructive outbreaks with fatalities in three countries |
| German Black Forest Tornado | July 10, 1968 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
- | 3 fatalities | |
| Nicosia, Cyprus Tornadoes | December 22, 1969 | Cyprus Cyprus Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the... |
Several | 4 fatalities | Waterspouts (probably tornadic) came ashore |
| Venice, Italy Tornado Outbreak | September 11, 1970 | Veneto Veneto Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 5 million, ranking 5th in Italy.Veneto had been for more than a millennium an independent state, the Republic of Venice, until it was eventually annexed by Italy in 1866 after brief Austrian and French rule... , Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
Several | 47 fatalities | The tornado outbreak originated near Padua Padua Padua is a city and comune in the Veneto, northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area. Padua's population is 212,500 . The city is sometimes included, with Venice and Treviso, in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropolitan Area, having... , passed through it and ended in Venice Venice Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region... bringing death and havoc |
| Ameland Island, Netherlands Tornado | August 11, 1972 | Friesland Friesland Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
- | 7 fatalities, 90 injuries | |
| Moerdijk, Netherlands Tornado | October 6, 1981 | North Brabant North Brabant North Brabant , sometimes called Brabant, is a province of the Netherlands, located in the south of the country, bordered by Belgium in the south, the Meuse River in the north, Limburg in the east and Zeeland in the west.- History :... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
- | 17 fatalities | NLM CityHopper Flight 431 NLM Cityhopper Flight 431 NLM CityHopper Flight 431 refers to a Fokker F-28-4000, registration PH-CHI, that was due to operate an international scheduled Rotterdam–Eindhoven–Hamburg passenger service. On , the aircraft encountered severe weather on its flightpath while en route its first leg, minutes after taking off from... encountered tornado shortly after takeoff and crashed |
| Gwynedd - Humberside - Essex Tornado Outbreak, Wales and England Tornadoes | November 23, 1981 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
105 | 0 fatalities | Largest known European outbreak though predominately weak tornadoes |
| 1984 Yaroslavl tornado 1984 Yaroslavl tornado The 1984 Yaroslavl tornado was one of only three disastrous tornado outbreaks in modern Russian history... (1984 Ivanovo-Yaroslavl, Russia, Tornado Outbreak) |
June 9, 1984 | Western Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
22 | >400 fatalities, 213 injured | At least one F5, one F4, and one F3 were in the outbreak that damaged 36 cities and villages, including Tver Tver Tver is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 403,726 ; 408,903 ;... and Kostroma Kostroma Kostroma is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. A part of the Golden Ring of Russian towns, it is located at the confluence of the Volga and Kostroma Rivers... , in a wide area north of Moscow. |
| Shel'vov | July 20, 1987 | Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia... |
1 | - | F4 tornado that destroyed the town of Shel'vov. |
| Ameland Island, Netherlands Tornado | August 17, 1992 | Friesland Friesland Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
- | 1 fatality | |
| Sigüenza, Spain Tornado | May 24, 1993 | Sigüenza Sigüenza Sigüenza is a city in the province of Guadalajara in Spain.-History:The site of the ancient Segontia of the Celtiberian Arevaci, now called Villavieja , is half a league distant from the present Sigüenza... , Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... |
- | - | F2 damage in a path across the town |
| Spijkenisse, South-Holland | June 7, 1997 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
- | F1 Damage on houses, and trees ripped out of the ground | |
| Mikkeli, Rantakylä | June 12, 1998 | Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
- | F3 (track 10 km) destroyed some airport facilities | |
| San Leonardo de Yagüe, Spain Tornado | June 1, 1999 | Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... |
- | - | F3 damage and thousands of trees uprooted in a forest near Soria, Spain |
21st century
| Event | Date | Area | Tornadoes | Casualties | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kontiolahti, Viinijärvi Tornadoes | August 20, 2004 | Finland Finland Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside... |
- | - | F2 (track 10 km) At least 2 tornadoes |
| Garderen Tornado | July 27, 2005 | Garderen Garderen Garderen is a village in the Dutch province of Gelderland. It is located in the municipality of Barneveld, in the forests of the Veluwe. The village has 1,994 inhabitants .... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1 | - | T4 tornado damaging mainly woods, also some damage to property. |
| Birmingham, UK Tornado Birmingham Tornado (UK) The Birmingham Tornado was one of the strongest tornadoes recorded in the United Kingdom in nearly 30 years, occurring on 28 July 2005 in the suburbs of Birmingham. It formed on a day when strong tornadoes were expected to develop across the Midlands and eastern England... |
July 28, 2005 | Birmingham Birmingham Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. It is the most populous British city outside the capital London, with a population of 1,036,900 , and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the second most populous urban area in the United Kingdom with a... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | 30 injuries, 3 of which were serious | T4 tornado, briefly became a T5 (sustained F2 tornado on the Fujita scale Fujita scale The Fujita scale , or Fujita-Pearson scale, is a scale for rating tornado intensity, based primarily on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures and vegetation... ) |
| Hamburg, Germany Tornado Outbreak | March 27, 2006 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
8 | 2 fatalities | |
| Central Europe Tornado Outbreak | May 20, 2006 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
≥12 | Some injuries | |
| Noordwijkerhout Noordwijkerhout Noordwijkerhout is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 23.40 km² and had a population of 15,121 in May 2006... Tornado |
May 21, 2006 | Noordwijkerhout Noordwijkerhout Noordwijkerhout is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 23.40 km² and had a population of 15,121 in May 2006... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1 | - | T3-T4 tornado causing damage to crops and buildings |
| August 2006 UK Tornado Outbreaks | August 16–18, 2006 | United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | 8 injuries | At least 4 tornadoes |
| August 2006 Mainland Europe Outbreak | August 21, 2006 | Western Europe Europe Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting... |
- | 38 injuries | At least 7 confirmed tornadoes, a further 4 unconfirmed others |
| London Tornado of 2006 London Tornado of 2006 The London Tornado of 2006 was a significant UK tornado spawned from a squall line moving over the city on December 7, 2006 at approximately 11:02 am GMT... |
December 7, 2006 | London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its... , United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | 6 injuries | |
| Central England Tornado Outbreak | September 23, 2007 | Central United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
- | - | At least 4 tornadoes reported in Warwickshire, Northamptonshire and West Midlands. http://www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=421360 |
| 2008 Hautmont, France tornado 2008 Hautmont, France tornado The August 2008 European tornado outbreak was a widespread severe weather event which spawned ten tornadoes in four countries, one of which killed three people in France and may have reached F4 intensity.-Meteorological synopsis:... |
August 3, 2008 | Hautmont Hautmont -Twin towns - sister cities:Kamianets-Podilskyi is twinned with: Kalisz in Poland -References:*... , France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
- | 4 fatalities, 13 injuries | F4 damaged several villages |
| Northern Netherlands Tornado Outbreak | August 3, 2008 | Friesland Friesland Friesland is a province in the north of the Netherlands and part of the ancient region of Frisia.Until the end of 1996, the province bore Friesland as its official name. In 1997 this Dutch name lost its official status to the Frisian Fryslân... , Groningen Groningen (province) Groningen [] is the northeasternmost province of the Netherlands. In the east it borders the German state of Niedersachsen , in the south Drenthe, in the west Friesland and in the north the Wadden Sea... , Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
2 confirmed, 4 reported | - | T3-T4 tornadoes caused damage to property |
| 2008 Poland Tornado Outbreak 2008 Poland tornado outbreak A tornado outbreak struck southern and central Poland between 15 and 16 August 2008. Overall, it killed 4 people. Tornadoes affected Opole Voivodeship, Silesian Voivodeship and Łódź Voivodeship.-15 August:... |
August 15–16, 2008 | Mykanów Mykanów Mykanów is a village in Częstochowa County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Mykanów. It lies approximately north of Częstochowa and north of the regional capital Katowice.... , Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north... |
8 confirmed, 11 reported | 3 fatalities | F3 - F4 tornadoes in Opolskie, Silesian Silesian Silesian or Upper Silesian is considered either a dialect of the Polish language , or a separate Slavic language of the Lechitic group spoken in the region of Silesia... , and Łódzkie Voivodeships |
| Lichtenvoorde - Vragender - Winterswijk, Netherlands | July 12, 2010 | Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
1 | 6 injuries | Tornado destroyed church tower in Vragender and Zwarte Cross Festival area in Lichtenvoorde. damage T5-T7, uncertainty about nature of winds, some sources cite a strong derecho Derecho A derecho is a widespread and long-lived, violent convectively induced straight-line windstorm that is associated with a fast-moving band of severe thunderstorms in the form of a squall line usually taking the form of a bow echo... as cause of damage. |
| Lumda - Schluechtern, Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
August 28, 2010 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
2 confirmed, 3 reported | - | F2 tornado in Lumda & F1 tornado in Schluehtern, caused a damage of about 500 Million € |
| Northern Sweden Tornado Outbreak | June 4, 2011 | Northern Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... |
- | At least 3 injuries | Several tornadoes reported in the provinces of Ångermanland Ångermanland ' is a historical province or landskap in the north of Sweden. It borders to Medelpad, Jämtland, Lapland, Västerbotten and the Gulf of Bothnia. The name "Ångermanland" comes from the Old Norse "anger", which means "deep fjord" and refers to the deep mouth of the river Ångermanälven... , Västerbotten Västerbotten ', English exonym: West Bothnia, is a province or landskap in the north of Sweden. It borders Ångermanland, Lapland, Norrbotten and the Gulf of Bothnia. It is famous for the cheese with the same name as the province.- Administration :... , and Norrbotten Norrbotten Norrbotten is a Swedish province in northernmost Sweden. It borders south to Västerbotten, west to Swedish Lapland, and east to Finland.- Administration :... in northern Sweden. http://www.thelocal.se/34182/20110605/http://www.scancomark.se/Regional/Children-injured-in-tornadoes-that-ravaged-northern-Sweden-on-Saturday.html |
| Sachsen - Anhalt, Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
September 11, 2011 | Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
1 F3 tornado confirmed. | - | |
| England and Wales tornadoes | November 29, 2011 | England England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental... and Wales Wales Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²... |
1 F0 confirmed, 1 F0 tornado unconfirmed | 1 injured | One tornado in Greater Manchester Greater Manchester Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2.6 million. It encompasses one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom and comprises ten metropolitan boroughs: Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan, and the... , England and another in Anglesey Anglesey Anglesey , also known by its Welsh name Ynys Môn , is an island and, as Isle of Anglesey, a county off the north west coast of Wales... , Wales. |
See also
- List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- List of Asian tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- Tornado recordsTornado recordsThis article lists various tornado records. The most extreme tornado in recorded history was the Tri-State Tornado, which roared through parts of Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana on March 18, 1925. It was likely an F5, though tornadoes were not ranked on any scale in that era...
- Tornado and Storm Research Organisation (TORRO)Tornado and Storm Research Organisation (TORRO)The Tornado and Storm Research Organisation was founded by Terence Meaden in 1974. Originally called the Tornado Research Organisation it was expanded in 1982 following the inclusion of the Thunderstorm Census Organisation after the death of its founder Morris Bower and his wife.TORRO comprises...
External links
- Europe listing by The Tornado Project
- European Tornado Extremes (TORRO)
- European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL)
- European Storm Forecast Experiment (ESTOFEX)
- Skywarn Europe
- Center of Competence for Severe Local Storms in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (TorDACH)
- Tornadoes at the Czech Republic and Slovakia (Czech version) (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute)
- Tornadoes in Italy *in Italian
- Tornadoliste Deutschland *in German
- Austrian tornadoes *in German
- German Weather Chronicle
- Tornadoes of Europe
- European Climatology on Severe Storms (University of the Balearic IslandsUniversity of the Balearic IslandsThe University of the Balearic Islands is a Balearic Spanish university, founded in 1978 and located in Palma on the island of Majorca.-History:...
)