Administrative regions

• Historical provinces of Finland
  Historical provinces of Finland
  The historical provinces of Finland are a legacy of the country's joint history with Sweden. The provinces ceased to be administrative entities in 1634 when they were superseded by the counties, a reform which remained in force in Finland until 1997. The provinces remain as a tradition, but have...
  
  
• List of towns in Finland
• Municipalities of Finland
• Provinces of Finland
  Provinces of Finland
  The state of Finland consisted of six provinces between the years 1997 and 2009. The provincial authority was part of the central government's executive branch, not directly elected. The system was created in 1634, and its makeup was changed drastically in 1997, when the number of the provinces...
  
  
  • Eastern Finland
    Eastern Finland
    Eastern Finland was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2010. It bordered the provinces of Oulu, Western Finland and Southern Finland. It also bordered Russia.- History :...
    
    
  • Lapland
  • Oulu
  • Southern Finland
    Southern Finland
    Southern Finland was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2010. It bordered the provinces of Western Finland and Eastern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Finland and Russia.- History :...
    
    
  • Western Finland
    Western Finland
    Western Finland was a province of Finland from 1997 to 2010. It bordered the provinces of Oulu, Eastern Finland and Southern Finland. It also bordered the Gulf of Bothnia towards Åland.- History :...
    
    
  • Åland Islands (Autonomous region)
• Regions of Finland
  Regions of Finland
  Finland consists of 19 regions called in Finnish and in Swedish. The regions are governed by regional councils, which serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of a region. The main tasks of the regions are regional planning and development of enterprise and education. In addition,...
  
  

Culture

• Architects
  • Alvar Aalto
    Alvar Aalto
    Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto was a Finnish architect and designer. His work includes architecture, furniture, textiles and glassware...
    
    
  • Eliel Saarinen
    Eliel Saarinen
    Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen was a Finnish architect who became famous for his art nouveau buildings in the early years of the 20th century....
    
    
• Artists
  • Akseli Gallen-Kallela
    Akseli Gallen-Kallela
    Akseli Gallen-Kallela was a Finnish painter who is best known for his illustrations of the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic . His work was considered very important for the Finnish national identity...
    
    
  • Albert Edelfelt
    Albert Edelfelt
    Albert Gustaf Aristides Edelfelt was a Swedish-speaking Finnish painter.Albert Edelfelt was born in Porvoo, Finland. His father Carl Albert was an architect. Edelfelt admired the poet Johan Ludvig Runeberg, who was a friend of the family...
    
    
  • Helene Schjerfbeck
    Helene Schjerfbeck
    Helene Schjerfbeck was a Finnish painter. She is most widely known for her realist works and self-portraits, and less well known for her landscapes and still lifes...
    
    
  • Hugo Simberg
    Hugo Simberg
    Hugo Gerhard Simberg was a Finnish symbolist painter and graphic artist.-Life:Simberg was born at Hamina in Finland, the son of Colonel Nicolai Simberg and Ebba Matilda Simberg ....
    
    
  • Magnus Enckell
    Magnus Enckell
    Magnus Knut Enckell was a Finnish painter.Enckell was born in Hamina, a small town in eastern Finland, the son of Carl Enkell, a priest, and Alexandra Enckell...
    
    
  • Yrjö Ollila

• Composers
  • Leevi Madetoja
    Leevi Madetoja
    Leevi Antti Madetoja was a Finnish composer.-Life and career:Born in Oulu, he was the son of Antti Madetoja and Anna Hyttinen...
    
    
  • Oskar Merikanto
    Oskar Merikanto
    Oskar Merikanto was a Finnish musician and composer.He was born to Swedish-speaking parents in Helsinki. His father, originally Frank Mattsson, changed the family name to sound more Finnish....
    
    
  • Jean Sibelius
    Jean Sibelius
    Jean Sibelius was a Finnish composer of the later Romantic period whose music played an important role in the formation of the Finnish national identity. His mastery of the orchestra has been described as "prodigious."...
    
    
• Conductors
  • Paavo Berglund
    Paavo Berglund
    Paavo Allan Engelbert Berglund is a Finnish conductor.Born in Helsinki, Berglund studied the violin as a child, and played an instrument made by his grandfather. By age 15, he had decided on music as his career, and by 18 was playing in restaurants...
    
    
  • Esa-Pekka Salonen
    Esa-Pekka Salonen
    Esa-Pekka Salonen is a Finnish orchestral conductor and composer. He is currently Principal Conductor and Artistic Advisor of the Philharmonia Orchestra in London and Conductor Laureate of the Los Angeles Philharmonic.-Early career:...
    
    
  • Jukka-Pekka Saraste
    Jukka-Pekka Saraste
    Jukka-Pekka Saraste is a Finnish conductor and violinist.Saraste was trained as a violinist. He later studied conducting at the Sibelius Academy with Jorma Panula, in the same class as Esa-Pekka Salonen and Osmo Vänskä...
    
    
  • Leif Segerstam
    Leif Segerstam
    Leif Segerstam is a Finnish conductor and composer.He studied violin, piano and conducting at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki and conducting at the Juilliard School in New York with Jean Morel....
    
    
  • Sakari Oramo
    Sakari Oramo
    Sakari Markus Oramo OBE is a Finnish conductor.Oramo started his career as a violinist and concertmaster of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra. In 1989, he enrolled in Jorma Panula's conducting class at the Sibelius Academy...
    
    
  • Osmo Vänskä
    Osmo Vänskä
    Osmo Antero Vänskä is a Finnish conductor, clarinetist and composer.He started his musical career as an orchestral clarinetist with the Turku Philharmonic . He then became the principal clarinet of the Helsinki Philharmonic from 1977 to 1982...
    
    
• Finnish cuisine
  • Kalakukko
    Kalakukko
    Kalakukko is a traditional food from the Finnish region of Savonia made from fish baked inside a loaf of bread. The Cornish pasty from Cornwall has the same basic idea of complete packed lunch. Kalakukko is very polular food in Savonia head city Kuopio. There is even Finland "Kalakukko" competition...
    
    
  • Karelian pasties
    Karelian pasties
    Karelian pasties or Karelian pies are traditional pasties from the region of Karelia...
    
    
  • Mustamakkara
    Mustamakkara
    Mustamakkara is a type of Finnish blood sausage traditionally eaten with lingonberry jam. It is nowadays available in many stores across Finland, but is held in the position of local delicacy and speciality of Tampere...
    
    
  • Mämmi
    Mämmi
    Mämmi is a traditional Finnish Easter dessert. The Swedish language name for it is memma.Mämmi is made from water, rye flour, and powdered rye malt, seasoned with dark molasses, salt, and dried powdered Seville orange peel. The mixture is then allowed to go through a slow natural sweetening...
    
    
  • Sahti
    Sahti
    Sahti is a traditional beer from Finland made from a variety of grains, malted and unmalted, including barley, rye, wheat, and oats; sometimes bread made from these grains is fermented instead of malt itself...
    
    
• Filmmakers
  • Renny Harlin
    Renny Harlin
    Renny Harlin is a Finnish-American film director and producer. He is best known for Die Hard 2 , Cliffhanger , The Long Kiss Goodnight and Deep Blue Sea...
    
    
  • Aki Kaurismäki
    Aki Kaurismäki
    -Career:After studying Media Studies at the University of Tampere, Aki Kaurismäki started his career as a co-director in the films of his elder brother Mika Kaurismäki. His debut as an independent director was Crime and Punishment , Dostoyevsky's famous crime story set in modern-day Helsinki...
    
    
• Flag of Finland
  Flag of Finland
  The flag of Finland , also called Siniristilippu , dates from the beginning of the 20th century. On a white background, it features a blue Nordic cross, which represents Christianity. The state flag has a coat of arms in the centre, but is otherwise identical to the civil flag. The swallow-tailed...
  
  
• Flag days in Finland
  Flag days in Finland
  By law, the Finnish flag must be flown from public buildings on the following days:*February 28, day of Kalevala; the occasion is also celebrated as the Day of Finnish culture*May 1, Vappu, the Day of Finnish Labour*Second Sunday in May, Mother's Day...
  
  
• Holidays in Finland
• Kalevala
  Kalevala
  The Kalevala is a 19th century work of epic poetry compiled by Elias Lönnrot from Finnish and Karelian oral folklore and mythology.It is regarded as the national epic of Finland and is one of the most significant works of Finnish literature...
  
  
  • Elias Lönnrot
    Elias Lönnrot
    Elias Lönnrot was a Finnish philologist and collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry. He is best known for compiling the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic compiled from national folklore.-Education and early life:...
    
    
• Music of Finland
  Music of Finland
  The music of Finland can be roughly divided in the following three categories.Folk music is typically influenced by Karelian traditional tunes and lyrics of the Kalevala metre. Karelian heritage has traditionally been perceived as the purest expression of Finnic myths and beliefs, thought to be...
  
  
  • Kantele
    Kantele
    A kantele or kannel is a traditional plucked string instrument of the zither family native to Finland, Estonia, and Karelia. It is related to the Russian gusli, the Latvian kokle and the Lithuanian kanklės. Together these instruments make up the family known as Baltic psalteries...
    
    
• Literature
  Finnish literature
  Finnish literature refers to literature written in Finland. Earliest texts in Finland were written in Swedish or Latin during the Finnish Middle Age . Finnish-language literature was slowly developing from the 16th century onwards. First artistic heyday of the Finnish literature was the mid-19th...
  
  
• Mythology
  Finnish mythology
  Finnish mythology is the mythology that went with Finnish paganism which was practised by the Finnish people prior to Christianisation. It has many features shared with fellow Finnic Estonian mythology and its non-Finnic neighbours, the Balts and the Scandinavians...
  
  
• Namesdays in Finland
• National anthem of Finland
• Opera singers
  • Karita Mattila
    Karita Mattila
    Karita Marjatta Mattila is a leading opera soprano. She was born in Somero, Finland.Mattila appears regularly in the major opera houses worldwide, including the Metropolitan Opera, the Royal Opera House in London, Théâtre du Châtelet, Opéra Bastille, the Lyric Opera of Chicago, San Francisco...
    
    
• Poets
• List of Finnish poets
  • Eino Leino
    Eino Leino
    Eino Leino was a Finnish poet and journalist and is considered one of the pioneers of Finnish poetry. His poems combine modern and Finnish folk elements. The style of much of his work is like the Kalevala and folk songs. Nature, love, and despair are frequent themes in Leino's work...
    
    
  • Johan Ludvig Runeberg
    Johan Ludvig Runeberg
    Johan Ludvig Runeberg was a Finnish poet, and is the national poet of Finland. He wrote in the Swedish language....
    
    
• Sauna
  Sauna
  A sauna is a small room or house designed as a place to experience dry or wet heat sessions, or an establishment with one or more of these and auxiliary facilities....
  
  
• Valtion elokuvatarkastamo (Finnish Board of Film Classification)
• Writers
  • Väinö Linna
    Väinö Linna
    Väinö Linna was one of the most influential Finnish authors of the 20th century. He shot to immediate literary fame with his third novel, Tuntematon sotilas , and consolidated his position with the trilogy Täällä Pohjantähden alla Väinö Linna (20 December 1920 – 21 April 1992) was one of the...
    
    
    • The Unknown Soldier (novel)
      The Unknown Soldier (novel)
      The Unknown Soldier is author Väinö Linna's first major novel and his other major work besides Under the North Star. Published in 1954, it is a story about the Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union as told from the viewpoint of ordinary Finnish soldiers...
      
      
  • Frans Emil Sillanpää
  • Johanna Sinisalo
    Johanna Sinisalo
    Aila Johanna Sinisalo is a Finnish science fiction and fantasy writer. She studied comparative literature and drama, amongst other subjects, at the University of Tampere...
    
    
  • Leena Lander
    Leena Lander
    Leena Lander is a Finnish author. In 1992 she won the Thanks for the Book Award for Tummien perhosten koti , which was made into a successful Finnish film in 2008. She also won the Pro Finlandia award in 2000.- External links :* *...
    
    
  • Tove Jansson
    Tove Jansson
    Tove Marika Jansson was a Swedish-Finnish novelist, painter, illustrator and comic strip author. She is best known as the author of the Moomin books.- Biography :...
    
    
  • Mika Waltari
    Mika Waltari
    Mika Toimi Waltari was a Finnish writer, best known for his best-selling novel The Egyptian .- Early life :...
    
    
    • The Egyptian
      The Egyptian
      The Egyptian is a historical novel by Mika Waltari. It was first published in Finnish in 1945, and in an abridged English translation by Naomi Walford in 1949. It was adapted into a film in 1954....
      
      
    • The Dark Angel
      The Dark Angel (Waltari)
      The Dark Angel is a novel by Finnish author Mika Waltari about a hopeless love affair during the Fall of Constantinople. The Finnish version was originally published in 1952, with an English edition being published in Great Britain in 1953.-External Links:* * * from the Authors' Calendar website*...
      
      

Demography and languages

• Finland's language strife
  Finland's language strife
  The language strife was one of the major conflicts of Finland's national history and domestic politics. It revolved around the question of what status Swedish—the language which since the Middle Ages had been the main language of administration and high culture in Finland—and, on the other hand,...
  
  
• Finnish alphabet
  Finnish alphabet
  The Finnish alphabet is based on the Latin script, and especially the Swedish alphabet. Officially it comprises 28 letters:A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, X, Y, Z, Å, Ä, Ö...
  
  
• Finnish grammar
  Finnish grammar
  This article deals with the grammar of the Finnish language . For the ways in which the spoken language differs from the written language, see Colloquial Finnish...
  
  
• Finns
• Minorities
  • Swedish-speaking Finns
    • Finland Swedish
    • Swedish language
      Swedish language
      Swedish is a North Germanic language, spoken by approximately 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along its coast and on the Åland islands. It is largely mutually intelligible with Norwegian and Danish...
      
      
  • Roma
    • Romany language
  • Sami people
    Sami people
    The Sami people, also spelled Sámi, or Saami, are the arctic indigenous people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of far northern Sweden, Norway, Finland, the Kola Peninsula of Russia, and the border area between south and middle Sweden and Norway. The Sámi are Europe’s northernmost...
    
    
    • Sami languages
      Sami languages
      Sami or Saami is a general name for a group of Uralic languages spoken by the Sami people in parts of northern Finland, Norway, Sweden and extreme northwestern Russia, in Northern Europe. Sami is frequently and erroneously believed to be a single language. Several names are used for the Sami...
      
      
  • Islam in Finland
    Islam in Finland
    Islam is a minority religion in Finland. The first Muslims were Tatars who immigrated mainly between 1870 and 1920. After that there were decades with generally a small number of immigration in Finland. Since the late 20th century the number of Muslims in Finland has increased rapidly due to...
    
    

Economy

• Finland and Globalization
• List of Finnish companies
  • Alma Media
    Alma Media
    Alma Media is one of the largest media companies in Finland.Alma Media is specialized in newspapers, online media and other internet services. Its best known products are Aamulehti, Iltalehti, Kauppalehti, Monster.fi, Etuovi.com and City24. Alma Media employs ca. 2,800 professionals. Net sales in...
    
    
  • Finnair
    Finnair
    Finnair Plc is the flag carrier and largest airline of Finland, with its headquarters on the grounds of Helsinki Airport in Vantaa, Finland, and its main hub at Helsinki Airport. Finnair and its subsidiaries dominate both the domestic and international air travel markets in Finland. The largest...
    
    
  • Hesburger
    Hesburger
    Hesburger is a fast-food chain based in Turku, Finland. Today, it is the largest Finnish hamburger restaurant chain, with a larger presence in the Finnish market than U.S.-based McDonald's...
    
    
  • Nokia
    Nokia
    Nokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communications corporation that is headquartered in Keilaniemi, Espoo, a city neighbouring Finland's capital Helsinki...
    
    
  • Nordea
    Nordea
    Nordea Bank AB is a Stockholm-based financial services group operating in Northern Europe. The bank is the result of the successive mergers and acquisitions of the Swedish, Finnish, Danish and Norwegian banks of Nordbanken, Merita Bank, Unibank and Kreditkassen that took place between 1997 and 2000...
    
    
  • Stora Enso
    Stora Enso
    Stora Enso Oyj is a Finnish pulp and paper manufacturer, formed by the merger of Swedish mining and forestry products company Stora and Finnish forestry products company Enso-Gutzeit Oy in 1998. It is headquartered in Helsinki, and it has approximately 29,000 employees...
    
    
  • UPM-Kymmene
  • YLE
• List of Finnish newspapers
• Suomen Pankki
• Tourism in Finland
  Tourism in Finland
  Finland attracted over 5 million tourists in 2005, with most coming from Sweden. The value added by tourism is about 2.4% of the Finnish GDP, and provides around 60,000 jobs. The Finnish tourism brand is stated by the Finland Promotion Board...
  
  

Education and Science

• List of universities in Finland
  • University of Helsinki
    University of Helsinki
    The University of Helsinki is a university located in Helsinki, Finland since 1829, but was founded in the city of Turku in 1640 as The Royal Academy of Turku, at that time part of the Swedish Empire. It is the oldest and largest university in Finland with the widest range of disciplines available...
    
    
  • Aalto University
    Aalto University
    Aalto University is a Finnish university established on January 1, 2010, by the merger of the Helsinki University of Technology, the Helsinki School of Economics, and the University of Art and Design Helsinki....
    
    
  • University of Eastern Finland
    University of Eastern Finland
    The University of Eastern Finland is a university in Finland with three campuses in Joensuu, Kuopio, and Savonlinna. It was formed in 2010 by a merger of two previously independent universities.- History :...
    
    
  • University of Jyväskylä
    University of Jyväskylä
    The University of Jyväskylä is a university in Jyväskylä, Finland. It has its origins in the first Finnish-speaking teacher training college , founded in 1863. Around 14,000 students are currently enrolled in the degree programs of the university...
    
    
  • University of Lapland
    University of Lapland
    The University of Lapland is located in the city of Rovaniemi, Finland. It was founded in 1979.The university is divided into four faculties:* Faculty of Art and Design* Faculty of Education* Faculty of Law* Faculty of Social Sciences...
    
    
  • University of Oulu
    University of Oulu
    The University of Oulu is one of the largest universities in Finland, located in the city of Oulu. It was founded on July 8, 1958. The university has around 16,000 students and 3,000 staff...
    
    
  • University of Tampere
    University of Tampere
    The University of Tampere is a university in Tampere, Finland. It has 15,400 degree students and 2,100 employees. It was originally founded in 1925 in Helsinki as a Civic College , and from 1930 onwards it was known as a School of Social Sciences...
    
    
  • University of Turku
    University of Turku
    The University of Turku , located in Turku in southwestern Finland, is the second largest university in the country as measured by student enrollment, after University of Helsinki. It was established in 1920 and also has faculties at Rauma, Pori and Salo...
    
    
  • University of Vaasa
    University of Vaasa
    The University of Vaasa is a multidisciplinary, business-oriented university in Vaasa, Finland. The campus of the university is situated by the Gulf of Bothnia adjacent to downtown Vaasa. The university has evolved from a school of economics founded in 1968 to a university consisting of three...
    
    
  • Åbo Akademi University
    Åbo Akademi University
    Åbo Akademi University is a Swedish language university in Turku, Finland . , there are 7 941 students and a staff consisting of 1125 people. The university has activities not only in Turku, but also in Vaasa, Jakobstad, Helsinki and on Åland...
    
    
  • Academy of Fine Arts
    Academy of Fine Arts (Finland)
    The Finnish Academy of Fine Arts in Helsinki, Finland provides the highest university-level theoretical and practical training in the country in fine arts....
    
    
  • Lappeenranta University of Technology
    Lappeenranta University of Technology
    The Lappeenranta University of Technology was established in 1969. The university campus is situated on the shore of lake Saimaa, about 7 kilometres away from the city center...
    
    
  • Sibelius Academy
    Sibelius Academy
    The Sibelius Academy is a university-level music school which operates in Helsinki and Kuopio, Finland. It also has an adult education centre in Järvenpää and a training centre in Seinäjoki. The Academy is the only music university in Finland. It is among the biggest European music universities...
    
    
  • Hanken School of Economics
  • Tampere University of Technology
  • The Theatre Academy
    Theatre Academy (Finland)
    The Theatre Academy is located in Helsinki. It provides education in performing arts, including acting , directing, dramaturgy and script writing, dance, choreography, lighting design and sound design...
    
    
• Scientists
  • Johan Gadolin
    Johan Gadolin
    Johan Gadolin was a Finnish chemist, physicist and mineralogist. Gadolin discovered the chemical element yttrium...
    
    
  • Ragnar Granit
    Ragnar Granit
    Ragnar Arthur Granit was a Finnish/Swedish scientist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1967 along with Haldan Keffer Hartline and George Wald....
    
    
  • Ernst Leonard Lindelöf
    Ernst Leonard Lindelöf
    Ernst Leonard Lindelöf, was a Finnish topologist after whom Lindelöf spaces are named; he was the son of Leonard Lorenz Lindelöf and brother of the philologist Uno Lorenz Lindelöf....
    
    
  • Rolf Nevanlinna
    Rolf Nevanlinna
    Rolf Herman Nevanlinna was one of the most famous Finnish mathematicians. He was particularly appreciated for his work in complex analysis.- The Nevanlinna family :...
    
    
  • Elias Tillandz
    Elias Tillandz
    Elias Tillandz , later Tillander, was a Swedish born doctor and botanist in Finland. He was the professor of medicine at the Academy of Turku. He wrote the country's first botanical work, the Catalogus Plantarum, which was first published in 1673...
    
    
  • Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen was a Finnish chemist and recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.-Early life:Virtanen was born in Helsinki, Finland. He completed his school education at the Classical Lyceum in Viipuri, Finland. He married the botanist Lilja Moisio in 1920 and had two sons with her...
    
    
  • Yrjö Väisälä
    Yrjö Väisälä
    Yrjö Väisälä was a Finnish astronomer and physicist.His main contributions were in the field of optics, but he was also very active in geodetics, astronomy and optical metrology...
    
    
  • Georg Henrik von Wright
    Georg Henrik von Wright
    Georg Henrik von Wright was a Finnish philosopher, who succeeded Ludwig Wittgenstein as professor at the University of Cambridge. He published in English, Finnish, German, and in Swedish. Belonging to the Swedish-speaking minority of Finland, von Wright also had Finnish and 17th-century Scottish...
    
    
  • Arvo Ylppö
    Arvo Ylppö
    Arvo Henrik Ylppö was a Finnish pediatrician who significantly decreased Finnish infant mortality during the 20th century. He is credited as the father of Finland's public child welfare clinic system, and held the title of archiater for forty years. He is often referred to as the Dr...
    
    

Environment

• Animals found only or typically in Finland
  • Flying Squirrel
    Flying squirrel
    Flying squirrels, scientifically known as Pteromyini or Petauristini, are a tribe of 44 species of squirrels .- Description :...
    
    
  • Norppa
    Ringed Seal
    The ringed seal , also known as the jar seal and as netsik or nattiq by the Inuit, is an earless seal inhabiting the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions...
    
    
• National parks of Finland
• Protected areas of Finland
  Protected areas of Finland
  The protected areas of Finland include national parks, nature reserves and other areas, with a purpose of conserving areas of all of Finland's ecosystems and biotopes.Protected areas include:...
  
  

Geography

• Eurasia
  Eurasia
  Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
  
  
• Europe
  Europe
  Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
  
  
• Hills and mountains
  • Haltitunturi
• Islands
  • Hailuoto
    Hailuoto
    Hailuoto is an island and a municipality in the province of Oulu, Finland. The population of Hailuoto is and the municipality covers an area of of which is inland water . The population density is ....
    
    
  • Åland Islands
• List of lakes in Finland
  • Inari
    Lake Inari
    Lake Inari is the third largest lake in Finland and the largest lake in Sápmi. It is located in the northern part of Lapland, north of the Arctic Circle. The lake is 117–119 meters above sea level and it is regulated at the Kaitakoski power plant in Russia...
    
    
  • Päijänne
  • Saimaa
    Saimaa
    Saimaa is a lake in southeastern Finland. At approximately , it is the largest lake in Finland, and the fourth largest in Europe. It was formed by glacial melting at the end of the Ice Age. Major towns on the lakeshore include Lappeenranta, Imatra, Savonlinna, Mikkeli, Varkaus, and Joensuu. The...
    
    
• Rivers
  • Vuoksi
    Vuoksi River
    The Vuoksi River runs in the northernmost part of the Karelian Isthmus from Lake Saimaa in southeastern Finland to Lake Ladoga in northwestern Russia. The river enters Lake Ladoga in three branches, an older main northern branch at Priozersk , a smaller branch few km...
    
    
• Salpausselkä
  Salpausselkä
  Salpausselkä is an extensive ridge system left by the ice age in Southern Finland. It is a large terminal moraine formation that formed in front of the Baltic ice lake during the Younger Dryas period about 12.250 - 10.400 years ago....
  
  
• Scandinavia
  Scandinavia
  Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
  
  
• Sea areas
  • Gulf of Bothnia
    Gulf of Bothnia
    The Gulf of Bothnia is the northernmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It is situated between Finland's west coast and Sweden's east coast. In the south of the gulf lie the Åland Islands, between the Sea of Åland and the Archipelago Sea.-Name:...
    
    
  • Gulf of Finland
    Gulf of Finland
    The Gulf of Finland is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland and Estonia all the way to Saint Petersburg in Russia, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn...
    
    

History

• Finland's language strife
  Finland's language strife
  The language strife was one of the major conflicts of Finland's national history and domestic politics. It revolved around the question of what status Swedish—the language which since the Middle Ages had been the main language of administration and high culture in Finland—and, on the other hand,...
  
  
  • Fennoman
    Fennoman
    The Fennomans were the most important political movement in the 19th century Grand Principality of Finland. They succeeded the fennophile interests of the 18th and early 19th century.-History:...
    
    
• Finnish mythology
  Finnish mythology
  Finnish mythology is the mythology that went with Finnish paganism which was practised by the Finnish people prior to Christianisation. It has many features shared with fellow Finnic Estonian mythology and its non-Finnic neighbours, the Balts and the Scandinavians...
  
  
• Finnish paganism
  Finnish paganism
  Finnish paganism was the indigenous pagan religion in Finland, Estonia and Karelia prior to Christianization. It was a polytheistic religion, worshipping a number of different deities...
  
  
• Foreign relations of Finland
  Foreign relations of Finland
  The foreign relations of Finland are the responsibility of President of Finland, who leads foreign policy in cooperation with the government. Implicitly the government is responsible for internal policy and decision making in the European Union...
  
  
  • Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance
    Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance
    The Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, also known as the YYA Treaty from the Finnish The Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, also known as the YYA Treaty from the Finnish The Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance, also known...
    
    
  • Finlandization
    Finlandization
    Finlandization is a term used to describe the influence that one powerful country may have on the policies of a smaller neighboring country.It is generally considered to be pejorative, originating in West German political debate of the late 1960s and 1970s...
    
    
  • Paasikivi-Kekkonen Line
    Paasikivi-Kekkonen Line
    The Paasikivi-Kekkonen line is president Urho Kekkonen’s realization and development of his predecessor Paasikivi’s doctrine, aimed at Finland’s survival as an independent sovereign democratic and capitalist country in the immediate proximity of the Soviet Union.The principal architect of the...
    
    
• Historical figures
  • Mikael Agricola
    Mikael Agricola
    Mikael Agricola was a clergyman who became the de facto founder of written Finnish and a prominent proponent of the Protestant Reformation in Sweden . He is often called the "father of the Finnish written language". Agricola was consecrated as the bishop of Turku in 1554, without papal approval...
    
    
  • Per Brahe
    Per Brahe
    Per Brahe may refer to:*Count Per Brahe the Elder , Swedish statesman*Count Per Brahe the Younger , Swedish soldier and statesman* The Swedish steamer ferry Per Brahe, wrecked in 1918...
    
    
  • List of Presidents of Finland
  • Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
    Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
    Baron Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim was the military leader of the Whites in the Finnish Civil War, Commander-in-Chief of Finland's Defence Forces during World War II, Marshal of Finland, and a Finnish statesman. He was Regent of Finland and the sixth President of Finland...
    
    
  • Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen was a Finnish chemist and recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.-Early life:Virtanen was born in Helsinki, Finland. He completed his school education at the Classical Lyceum in Viipuri, Finland. He married the botanist Lilja Moisio in 1920 and had two sons with her...
    
    
• List of Finnish wars
  • Aunus expedition
    Aunus expedition
    The Aunus expedition was an attempt by Finnish volunteers to occupy parts of East Karelia in 1919, during the Russian Civil War. Aunus is the Finnish name for Olonets Karelia...
    
    
  • Continuation War
    Continuation War
    The Continuation War was the second of two wars fought between Finland and the Soviet Union during World War II.At the time of the war, the Finnish side used the name to make clear its perceived relationship to the preceding Winter War...
    
    
  • Estonian Liberation War
    Estonian Liberation War
    The Estonian War of Independence , also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the White Russian Northwestern Army, Latvia, and the United Kingdom, against the Soviet Western Front offensive and the aggression of the...
    
    
  • Finnish Civil War
    Finnish Civil War
    The Finnish Civil War was a part of the national, political and social turmoil caused by World War I in Europe. The Civil War concerned control and leadership of The Grand Duchy of Finland as it achieved independence from Russia after the October Revolution in Petrograd...
    
    
  • Lapland War
    Lapland War
    The Lapland War were the hostilities between Finland and Nazi Germany between September 1944 and April 1945, fought in Finland's northernmost Lapland Province. While the Finns saw this as a separate conflict much like the Continuation War, German forces considered their actions to be part of the...
    
    
  • Viena expedition
    Viena expedition
    The Viena expedition was a military expedition in March 1918 by Finnish volunteer forces to annex White Karelia from Bolshevist Russia. It was one of the many "kinship wars" fought near the newly independent Finland during the Russian Civil War...
    
    
  • Winter War
    Winter War
    The Winter War was a military conflict between the Soviet Union and Finland. It began with a Soviet offensive on 30 November 1939 – three months after the start of World War II and the Soviet invasion of Poland – and ended on 13 March 1940 with the Moscow Peace Treaty...
    
    

Lists

• List of birds on stamps of Finland
• List of Finnish politicians
• List of Finnish provinces
• List of Finnish municipalities
  • List of Finnish municipalities by population
  • List of Finnish municipalities by area
• List of universities in Finland
• List of Finnish newspapers
• List of Finnish companies
• List of Finnish wars
• List of Finns
• List of lakes in Finland
• List of Presidents of Finland
• List of Prime Ministers of Finland

Politics

• Constitution of Finland
  Constitution of Finland
  The Constitution of Finland is the supreme source of national law of Finland. It defines the basis, structures and organisation of government, the relationship between the different constitutional organs, and lays out the fundamental rights of Finnish citizens...
  
  
• Elections in Finland
  Elections in Finland
  Elections in Finland gives information on election and election results in Finland.On national level Finland elects a head of state — the President of the Republic — and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by direct popular vote...
  
  
• Finnish Defence Forces
  Finnish Defence Forces
  The Finnish Defence Forces are responsible for the defence of Finland. It is a cadre army of 15,000, of which 8,900 are professional soldiers , extended with conscripts and reservists such that the standard readiness strength is 34,700 people in uniform...
  
  
• Government of Finland
  Government of Finland
  Finland is a republic with a representative democracy governed accordingly to the principles of parliamentarism. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Finland . Executive power is exercised by the Cabinet, officially termed Council of State , which is led by the Prime Minister, the Head...
  
  
• List of Finnish politicians
• Parliament of Finland
  Parliament of Finland
  The Eduskunta , is the parliament of Finland. The unicameral parliament has 200 members and meets in the Parliament House in Helsinki. The latest election to the parliament took place on April 17, 2011.- Constitution :...
  
  
• President of Finland
  President of Finland
  The President of the Republic of Finland is the nation's head of state. Under the Finnish constitution, executive power is vested in the President and the government, with the President possessing extensive powers. The President is elected directly by the people of Finland for a term of six years....
  
  
• Prime Minister of Finland
  Prime Minister of Finland
  The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...
  
  

Religion

• Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
  Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland
  The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland is the national church of Finland. The church professes the Lutheran branch of Christianity, and is a member of the Porvoo Communion....
  
  
• Finnish Orthodox Church
  Finnish Orthodox Church
  The Finnish Orthodox Church is an autonomous Orthodox archdiocese of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. The Church has a legal position as a national church in the country, along with the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland....
  
  
• Notable clergymen
  • Mikael Agricola
    Mikael Agricola
    Mikael Agricola was a clergyman who became the de facto founder of written Finnish and a prominent proponent of the Protestant Reformation in Sweden . He is often called the "father of the Finnish written language". Agricola was consecrated as the bishop of Turku in 1554, without papal approval...
    
    
  • Jukka Paarma
    Jukka Paarma
    Jukka Paarma was the Archbishop of Turku and Finland, and the spiritual head of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. He retired as Archbishop on June 1, 2010.-References:...
    
    
• Islam in Finland
  Islam in Finland
  Islam is a minority religion in Finland. The first Muslims were Tatars who immigrated mainly between 1870 and 1920. After that there were decades with generally a small number of immigration in Finland. Since the late 20th century the number of Muslims in Finland has increased rapidly due to...
  
  

Sport

• Athletes
  • Janne Ahonen
    Janne Ahonen
    Janne Petteri Ahonen is a former Finnish ski jumper who has competed in the world cup between 1992-2011. A legendary ski jumper, he is widely considered one of the best and most successful athletes in the history of the sport...
    
    
  • Sami Hyypiä
    Sami Hyypiä
    Sami Tuomas Hyypiä is a retired European Cup winning Finnish footballer who played in the centre back position. He last played for German Bundesliga side Bayer 04 Leverkusen and was the captain of the Finland national football team. He joined Leverkusen in summer 2009, ending a ten year spell at...
    
    
  • Mika Häkkinen
    Mika Häkkinen
    Mika Pauli Häkkinen is a Finnish racing driver and two-time Formula One World Champion...
    
    
  • Heikki Kovalainen
    Heikki Kovalainen
    Heikki Johannes Kovalainen is a Finnish Formula One racing driver who spent the 2008 and 2009 seasons with British based team McLaren and the 2010 and 2011 seasons with Team Lotus....
    
    
  • Saku Koivu
    Saku Koivu
    Saku Antero Koivu is a Finnish professional ice hockey player and an alternate captain of the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League . He began his NHL career with the Montreal Canadiens in 1995–96 after three seasons with TPS of the Finnish SM-liiga...
    
    
  • Jari Kurri
    Jari Kurri
    Jari Pekka Kurri is a retired Finnish professional ice hockey right winger and a five-time Stanley Cup champion. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2001. He is currently the general manager of Team Finland....
    
    
  • Jari Litmanen
    Jari Litmanen
    Jari Olavi Litmanen is a Finnish footballer, currently playing for HJK. He is the current vice-captain of Finland national football team, where he served as a first choice captain between 1996–2008...
    
    
  • Paavo Nurmi
    Paavo Nurmi
    Paavo Johannes Nurmi was a Finnish runner. Born in Turku, he was known as one of the "Flying Finns," a term given to him, Hannes Kolehmainen, Ville Ritola, and others for their distinction in running...
    
    
  • Matti Nykänen
    Matti Nykänen
    Matti Ensio Nykänen is a Finnish former ski jumper who won five Olympic medals , nine World Championships medals and 22 Finnish Championships medals . Most notably, Nykänen won three gold medals at the 1988 Winter Olympics, becoming, along with Yvonne van Gennip of the Netherlands, the most...
    
    
  • Kimi Räikkönen
    Kimi Räikkönen
    Kimi Matias Räikkönen , nicknamed Iceman, is a Finnish racing driver, who will drive in Formula One for Lotus in . After nine seasons racing in Formula One, in which he took the Formula One World Drivers' Championship, he competed in the World Rally Championship from 2009-2011.Räikkönen entered...
    
    
  • Teemu Selänne
    Teemu Selänne
    Teemu Ilmari Selänne nicknamed "The Finnish Flash" is a Finnish professional ice hockey winger, an alternate captain of the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League . An offensive player known for his skill and speed, Selanne has led the NHL in goal-scoring three times and has been named to...
    
    
  • Lasse Virén
    Lasse Virén
    Lasse Artturi Virén is a former Finnish long-distance runner, winner of four gold medals at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics...
    
    
• Finland national football team
  Finland national football team
  The Finland national football team represents Finland in international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland....
  
  
• Finnish national men's ice hockey team
  Finnish national men's ice hockey team
  The Finnish men's national ice hockey team, or Leijonat / Lejonen , as it is called in Finland, is governed by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association...
  
  
• Finnish sports
  • Kyykkä
  • Nordic walking
    Nordic walking
    Nordic walking, originally known as ski walking, is a physical activity and a sport consisting of walking with poles similar to ski poles.-Origin:...
    
    
  • Pesäpallo
    Pesäpallo
    Pesäpallo is a fast-moving ball sport that is quite often referred to as the national sport of Finland and has some presence in other countries, such as Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Australia, and Northern Ontario in Canada...
    
    

Other pages

• Asbestos-Ceramic
  Asbestos-Ceramic
  Asbestos-ceramic refers to types of pottery manufactured with asbestos and clay with adiabatic behaviour in Finland, Karelia and Northern-Scandinavia...
  
  
• International rankings of Finland
• Computer pioneers
  • Jarkko Oikarinen
    Jarkko Oikarinen
    Jarkko Oikarinen is the inventor of the first Internet chat network, called Internet Relay Chat , where he is known as WiZ. While working at the University of Oulu in August 1988, he wrote the first IRC server and client programs, which he produced to replace the MUT program on the Finnish BBS...
    
    
  • Linus Torvalds
    Linus Torvalds
    Linus Benedict Torvalds is a Finnish software engineer and hacker, best known for having initiated the development of the open source Linux kernel. He later became the chief architect of the Linux kernel, and now acts as the project's coordinator...
    
    
• The Greatest Finns
  Suuret suomalaiset
  Suuret suomalaiset was a 2004 television show broadcast in Finland by YLE , which determined the 100 greatest Finns of all time according to the opinions of its viewers. The viewers were able to vote during a programme which lasted from October to December 2004...
  
  
• Gun politics in Finland
  Gun politics in Finland
  In Finland there are 32 privately owned firearms per 100 civilians according to the Finnish Ministry of the Interior. By the end of 2006 there were more than 1.6 million licensed firearms. Averaged among Finland's population of 5.3 million it comes to 30.5 per 100 people...
  
  
• Sisu
  Sisu
  Sisu is a Finnish term loosely translated into English as strength of will, determination, perseverance, and acting rationally in the face of adversity. However, the word is widely considered to lack a proper translation into any language. Sisu has been described as being integral to understanding...