List of Viceroys of Peru - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The viceroys of Peru ruled Viceroyalty of Peru

Viceroyalty of Peru

Created in 1542, the Viceroyalty of Peru was a Spanish colonial administrative district that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled South America, governed from the capital of Lima...

from 1544 to 1826 in the name of the King of Spain. The territories under de jure

De jure

De jure is an expression that means "concerning law", as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact".De jure = 'Legally', De facto = 'In fact'....

rule by the viceroys included in the 16th and 17th century almost all of South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

except eastern Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

Governors of New Castile (1528-1544)

Governor	From	Until	Monarch
Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro Francisco Pizarro González, Marquess was a Spanish conquistador, conqueror of the Incan Empire, and founder of Lima, the modern-day capital of the Republic of Peru.-Early life:...	1528	June 26, 1541	Charles I Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.As...
Cristóbal Vaca de Castro Cristóbal Vaca de Castro Cristóbal Vaca de Castro was a Spanish colonial administrator in Peru.-Background:...	1541	1544
Gonzalo Pizarro Gonzalo Pizarro Gonzalo Pizarro y Alonso was a Spanish conquistador and younger paternal half-brother of Francisco Pizarro, the conqueror of the Inca Empire... Usurper and claimant to the governorship of Peru. Claims not definitively quelled until Battle of Jaquijahuana Battle of Jaquijahuana After the successful Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, the assassination of Francisco Pizarro in 1541, and the execution of his main antagonist, Diego de Almagro and his son, El Mozo , most of the competent commanders of the recently founded New Castile Governorate had been lost in the ensuing...	1544	1548

Viceroys of Peru
Viceroyalty of Peru
Created in 1542, the Viceroyalty of Peru was a Spanish colonial administrative district that originally contained most of Spanish-ruled South America, governed from the capital of Lima...

(1544-1826)

Viceroy	From	Until	Monarch
Blasco Núñez Vela Blasco Núñez Vela Blasco Núñez Vela y Villalba was the first Spanish viceroy of Peru, from May 15, 1544 to January 18, 1546. He was charged by King Charles I with the enforcement of the controversial New Laws, which dealt with the failure of the encomienda system to protect the indigenous people of America from the...	May 15, 1544	January 18, 1546	Charles I Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.As...
Pedro de la Gasca Pedro de la Gasca Pedro de la Gasca was a Spanish bishop, diplomat and the second viceroy of Peru, from April 10, 1547 to January 27, 1550.... , Dean of the Audiencia	April 10, 1547	January 27, 1550
Antonio de Mendoza, Marquis of Mondéjar, Count of Tendilla Antonio de Mendoza Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, Marquis of Mondéjar, Count of Tendilla , was the first viceroy of New Spain, serving from April 17, 1535 to November 25, 1550, and the second viceroy of Peru, from September 23, 1551 to July 21, 1552...	September 23, 1551	July 21, 1552
Melchor Bravo de Saravia Melchor Bravo de Saravia Melchor Bravo de Saravia y Sotomayor was a Spanish conquistador, interim viceroy of Peru, and Royal Governor of Chile.-Early career:... , Dean of the Audiencia	July 1552	June 1556
Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Cañete Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Cañete Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza y Cabrera, 3rd Marquis of Cañete was a Spanish military officer and, from June 29, 1556 to his death on March 30, 1561, the fifth Viceroy of Peru.-Origins and military career:...	June 29, 1556	March 30, 1561	Philip II Philip II of Spain Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
Diego López de Zúñiga, 4th Count of Nieva	April 17, 1561	February 20, 1564
Juan de Saavedra Juan de Saavedra Juan de Saavedra was a Spanish conquistador in Peru and Chile, and the discoverer of the site of Valparaíso, Chile.-Biography:... , Dean of the Audiencia	1564	1564
Lope García de Castro Lope García de Castro Lope García de Castro was a Spanish colonial administrator, member of the Council of the Indies and of the Audiencias of Panama and Lima... , Dean of the Audiencia	September 2, 1564	November 26, 1569
Francisco de Toledo, Count of Oropesa Francisco de Toledo, Count of Oropesa Francisco Álvarez de Toledo, Count of Oropesa was Spanish viceroy of Peru from November 26, 1569 to September 23, 1581.-Early years:...	November 26, 1569	September 23, 1581
Martín Enríquez de Almanza Martín Enríquez de Almanza Don Martín Enríquez de Almanza was the fourth viceroy of New Spain, who ruled from November 5, 1568 until October 3, 1580. He was subsequently viceroy of Peru, from September 23, 1581 until his death in 1583. His birthplace and origins are uncertain...	September 23, 1581	March 13, 1583
Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena Cristóbal Ramírez de Cartagena was a licenciado and Spanish colonial administrator in Peru. He was president of the Audiencia of Lima at the death of Viceroy Martín Enríquez de Almanza in 1583. In this capacity, he served as head of the government of Peru for part of the year 1584... , Dean of the Audiencia	1584	1584
Fernando Torres de Portugal y Mesía, 1st Count of Villadompardo Fernando Torres de Portugal y Mesía Fernando Torres de Portugal y Mesía Venegas y Ponce de León, primer conde de Villadompardo was Spanish viceroy of Peru from 1584 to November 20, 1589.In 1576 he was named the first count of Villadompardo by King Philip II....	March 31, 1584	November 20, 1589
García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete	January 8, 1590	July 24, 1596
Luis de Velasco, Marquis of Salinas Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas , Spanish nobleman, son of the second viceroy of New Spain, and himself the eighth viceroy. He governed from January 27, 1590 to November 4, 1595, and again from July 2, 1607 to June 10, 1611...	July 24, 1596	January 18, 1604
Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey	January 18, 1604	March 16, 1606	Philip III Philip III of Spain Philip III , also known as Philip the Pious, was the King of Spain and King of Portugal and the Algarves, where he ruled as Philip II , from 1598 until his death...
Diego Núñez de Avendaño Diego Núñez de Avendaño Doctor Diego Núñez de Avendaño was oidor of the Royal Audiencia of Lima, and for a brief period in 1607, interim viceroy of Peru.... , Dean of the Audiencia	1607	1607
Juan de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Montesclaros	December 21, 1607	December 18, 1615
Francisco de Borja y Aragón, Count of Rebolledo, Prince of Esquilache Francisco de Borja y Aragón Francisco de Borja y Aragón, conde de Rebolledo, príncipe de Esquilache was a Spanish writer, official in the court of King Philip III of Spain, and, from December 18, 1615 to December 31, 1621, viceroy of Peru....	December 18, 1615	December 31, 1621
Juan Jiménez de Montalvo Juan Jiménez de Montalvo Doctor Juan Jiménez de Montalvo was an oidor of the Royal Audiencia of Lima, and briefly in 1621 and 1622, interim viceroy of Peru.... , Dean of the Audiencia	December 31, 1621	July 25, 1622	Philip IV Philip IV of Spain Philip IV was King of Spain between 1621 and 1665, sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, and King of Portugal until 1640...
Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar, Count of Posadas Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar Diego Fernández de Córdoba y López de las Roelas, Marquis of Guadalcázar and Count of Posadas , was Viceroy of Mexico from October 18, 1612 to March 14, 1621 and Viceroy of Peru from July 25, 1622 to January 14, 1629.-Early life:He was born in Seville.In 1598, aged 20, he was in Central Europe,...	July 25, 1622	January 14, 1629
Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón	January 14, 1629	December 18, 1639
Pedro de Toledo, 1st Marquis of Mancera	December 18, 1639	September 20, 1648
García Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 2nd Count of Salvatierra	September 20, 1648	February 24, 1655
Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste	February 24, 1655	December 31, 1661
Diego de Benavides, 8th Count of Santisteban del Puerto, 1st Marquis of Solera	December 31, 1661	March 16, 1666
Bernardo de Iturriaza Bernardo de Iturriaza Bernardo de Iturriaza was a Spanish judge and colonial official. In his capacity as president of the Audiencia of Lima he twice served as governor of Peru .... , Dean of the Audiencia	March 1666	November 1667	Charles II Charles II of Spain Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain and the ruler of large parts of Italy, the Spanish territories in the Southern Low Countries, and Spain's overseas Empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies...
Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, 10th Count of Lemos	November 21, 1667	December 6, 1672
Bernardo de Iturriaza Bernardo de Iturriaza Bernardo de Iturriaza was a Spanish judge and colonial official. In his capacity as president of the Audiencia of Lima he twice served as governor of Peru .... , Dean of the Audiencia	December 1672	August 1674
Baltasar de la Cueva, Count of Castellar	August 15, 1674	July 7, 1678
Melchor Liñán y Cisneros Melchor Liñán y Cisneros Melchor Liñán y Cisneros was a Spanish prelate, colonial official, and viceroy Peru, from July 7, 1678 to November 20, 1681).... (Archbishop of Lima)	July 7, 1678	November 20, 1681
Melchor de Navarra, Duke of Palata	November 20, 1681	August 15, 1689
Melchor de Navarra, 3rd Count of Monclova	August 1689	1705
Miguel Núñez de Sanabria Miguel Núñez de Sanabria Doctor Miguel Núñez de Sanabria was a Spanish official in Peru and an oidor of the Audiencia of Lima. Twice he was interim viceroy of Peru , in virtue of his office as president of the Audiencia.Núñez de Sanabria was born in Lima... , Dean of the Audiencia	September 1705	May 1707	Philip V Philip V of Spain Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
Manuel de Oms, 1st Marquis of Castelldosrius	July 7, 1707	April 22, 1710
Miguel Núñez de Sanabria Miguel Núñez de Sanabria Doctor Miguel Núñez de Sanabria was a Spanish official in Peru and an oidor of the Audiencia of Lima. Twice he was interim viceroy of Peru , in virtue of his office as president of the Audiencia.Núñez de Sanabria was born in Lima... , Dean of the Audiencia	April 22, 1710	September 14, 1710
Diego Ladrón de Guevara Diego Ladrón de Guevara Doctor Diego Ladrón de Guevara Orozco Calderón was a Roman Catholic bishop and Spanish colonial administrator. From August 30, 1710 to March 2, 1716, he was viceroy of Peru.-Before his term as viceroy:...	September 14, 1710	March 2, 1716
Mateo de la Mata Ponce de León Mateo de la Mata Ponce de León Mateo de la Mata Ponce de León was a Spanish colonial official in Peru. He was president of the Audiencia of Quito from 1691 to 1699... , Dean of the Audiencia	March 2, 1716	August 15, 1716
Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón Fray Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón, O.SS.T. was a Spanish bishop in Peru and twice viceroy of the colony, from August 15, 1716 to October 5, 1716 and from January 26, 1720 to May 14, 1724.At a young age he entered the Calced branch of the... , O.SS.T. Trinitarian Order The Order of the Holy Trinity is a Catholic religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast of Paris, at the end of the twelfth century. The founder was St. John de Matha, whose feast day is celebrated on 17 December... (Archbishop of Lima)	August 15, 1716	October 5, 1716
Carmine Caracciolo, 5th Prince of Santo Buono	October 5, 1716	January 26, 1720
Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón Fray Diego Morcillo Rubio de Auñón, O.SS.T. was a Spanish bishop in Peru and twice viceroy of the colony, from August 15, 1716 to October 5, 1716 and from January 26, 1720 to May 14, 1724.At a young age he entered the Calced branch of the... , O.SS.T. Trinitarian Order The Order of the Holy Trinity is a Catholic religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast of Paris, at the end of the twelfth century. The founder was St. John de Matha, whose feast day is celebrated on 17 December... (Archbishop of Lima)	January 26, 1720	May 14, 1724
José de Armendáriz, 1st Marquis of Castelfuerte	May 14, 1724	February 4, 1736	Louis I From 1700–1724, Philip V of Spain Philip V of Spain Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a... was the king; then from 1724–1746. Louis I only reigned in 1724.
José Antonio de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Villagarcía	February 4, 1736	December 15, 1745	Philip V Philip V of Spain Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
José Manso de Velasco, 1st Count of Superunda	December 15, 1745	October 12, 1761	Ferdinand VI Ferdinand VI of Spain Ferdinand VI , called the Learnt, was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death. He was the fourth son of the previous monarch Philip V and his first wife Maria Luisa of Savoy...
Manuel de Amat y Juniet Manuel de Amat y Juniet Felipe Manuel Cayetano de Amat y de Juniet was a Spanish military officer and colonial administrator. He was the Royal Governor of the Captaincy General of Chile from December 28, 1755 to September 9, 1761, and Viceroy of Peru from October 12, 1761 to July 17, 1776.-Origins and military...	October 12, 1761	July 17, 1776	Charles III Charles III of Spain Charles III was the King of Spain and the Spanish Indies from 1759 to 1788. He was the eldest son of Philip V of Spain and his second wife, the Princess Elisabeth Farnese...
Manuel de Guirior Manuel de Guirior Manuel de Guirior was a Spanish naval officer and colonial administrator. He was viceroy of New Granada from 1772 to 1776 and of Peru from July 17, 1776 to July 21, 1780.Guirior was born into a noble family of Navarre. He entered the navy in 1733 as a lieutenant...	July 17, 1776	July 21, 1780
Agustín de Jáuregui Agustín de Jáuregui Agustín de Jáuregui y Aldecoa was a Spanish politician and soldier who served as governor of Chile and viceroy of Peru .-Early life:...	July 21, 1780	April 29, 1784
Teodoro de Croix Teodoro de Croix Teodoro de Croix was a Spanish soldier and colonial official in New Spain and Peru. From April 6, 1784 to March 25, 1790 he was viceroy of Peru.-Background:...	April 29, 1784	March 25, 1790
Francisco Gil de Taboada Francisco Gil de Taboada Francisco Gil de Taboada y Lemos was a Spanish naval officer and colonial administrator in America. He was briefly viceroy of New Granada in 1789, and from March 25, 1790 to June 6, 1796 he was viceroy of Peru...	March 25, 1790	June 6, 1796	Charles IV Charles IV of Spain Charles IV was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.-Early life:...
Ambrosio O'Higgins, 1st Marquis of Osorno	July 24, 1796	March 19, 1801
Manuel Arredondo y Pelegrín Manuel Arredondo y Pelegrín Manuel Antonio Arredondo y Pelegrín was a Spanish judge, soldier and colonial administrator in Peru and Ecuador. Briefly in 1801 he was interim viceroy of Peru.... , Dean of the Audiencia	March 19, 1801	November 5, 1801
Gabriel de Avilés, 2nd Marquis of Avilés	November 5, 1801	August 20, 1806
José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa, 1st Marquis of La Concordia José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa, 1st Marquis of La Concordia , was a Spanish military officer and colonial administrator in America...	August 20, 1806	July 7, 1816
Joaquín de la Pezuela, 1st Marquis of Viluma	July 7, 1816	January 29, 1821	Ferdinand VII
José de la Serna e Hinojosa, 1st Count of los Andes José de la Serna e Hinojosa José de la Serna e Hinojosa, 1st Count of los Andes was a Spanish general and colonial official. He was the last Spanish viceroy of Peru to exercise effective power .-Background:...	January 29, 1821	December 9, 1824
Juan Pío de Tristán y Moscoso Pío de Tristán Juan Pío de Tristán was a Peruvian general and politician...	December 9, 1824	January 23, 1826