List of quasiparticles
Encyclopedia
This is a list of quasiparticle
s.
Quasiparticle
In physics, quasiparticles are emergent phenomena that occur when a microscopically complicated system such as a solid behaves as if it contained different weakly interacting particles in free space...
s.
| Quasiparticle | Signification |
|---|---|
| Bipolaron Bipolaron - Bipolarons in physics :In physics, a bipolaron is a bound pair of two polarons. An electron in a material may cause a distortion in the underlying lattice. The combination of electron and distortion is known as a polaron... |
A bound pair of two polarons |
| Chargon | A quasiparticle produced as a result of electron spin-charge separation |
| Configuron | An elementary configurational excitation in an amorphous material which involves breaking of a chemical bond |
| Electron quasiparticle Quasiparticle In physics, quasiparticles are emergent phenomena that occur when a microscopically complicated system such as a solid behaves as if it contained different weakly interacting particles in free space... |
An electron as affected by the other forces and interactions in the solid Solid Solid is one of the three classical states of matter . It is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a... |
| Electron hole Electron hole An electron hole is the conceptual and mathematical opposite of an electron, useful in the study of physics, chemistry, and electrical engineering. The concept describes the lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom or atomic lattice... (hole) |
A lack of electron in a valence band Valence band In solids, the valence band is the highest range of electron energies in which electrons are normally present at absolute zero temperature.... |
| Exciton Exciton An exciton is a bound state of an electron and hole which are attracted to each other by the electrostatic Coulomb force. It is an electrically neutral quasiparticle that exists in insulators, semiconductors and some liquids... |
A bound state of an electron and a hole |
| Fracton Fracton A fracton is a collective quantized vibration on a substrate with a fractal structure.Fractons are the fractal analog of phonons. Phonons are the result of applying translational symmetry to the potential in a Schrödinger equation. Fractal self-similarity can be thought of as a symmetry somewhat... |
A collective quantized vibration Oscillation Oscillation is the repetitive variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value or between two or more different states. Familiar examples include a swinging pendulum and AC power. The term vibration is sometimes used more narrowly to mean a mechanical oscillation but sometimes... on a substrate with a fractal Fractal A fractal has been defined as "a rough or fragmented geometric shape that can be split into parts, each of which is a reduced-size copy of the whole," a property called self-similarity... structure. |
| Holon Holon (physics) Holons are one of two quasiparticles, along with spinons, that electrons in solids are able to split into during the process of spin–charge separation, when extremely tightly confined at temperatures close to absolute zero.Electrons, being of like charge, repel each other... |
A quasi-particle resulting as a result of electron spin-charge separation |
| Magnon Magnon A magnon is a collective excitation of the electrons' spin structure in a crystal lattice. In contrast, a phonon is a collective excitation of the crystal lattice atoms or ions. In the equivalent wave picture of quantum mechanics, a magnon can be viewed as a quantized spin wave. As a... |
A coherent excitation of electron spins in a material |
| Majorana fermion Majorana fermion In physics, a Majorana fermion is a fermion which is its own anti-particle. The term is used in opposition to Dirac fermion, which describes particles that differ from their antiparticles... |
A quasiparticle equal to its own antiparticle, emerging as a midgap state in certain superconductors |
| Phason Phason Phason is a quasiparticle existing in quasicrystals due to their specific, quasiperiodic lattice structure. Similar to phonon, phason is associated with atomic motion. However, whereas phonons are related to translation of atoms, phasons are associated with atomic rearrangements... |
Vibrational modes in a quasicrystal Quasicrystal A quasiperiodic crystal, or, in short, quasicrystal, is a structure that is ordered but not periodic. A quasicrystalline pattern can continuously fill all available space, but it lacks translational symmetry... associated with atomic rearrangements |
| Phonon Phonon In physics, a phonon is a collective excitation in a periodic, elastic arrangement of atoms or molecules in condensed matter, such as solids and some liquids... |
Vibrational modes in a crystal lattice associated with atomic shifts |
| Plasmon Plasmon In physics, a plasmon is a quantum of plasma oscillation. The plasmon is a quasiparticle resulting from the quantization of plasma oscillations just as photons and phonons are quantizations of light and mechanical vibrations, respectively... |
A coherent excitation of a plasma Plasma (physics) In physics and chemistry, plasma is a state of matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the particles are ionized. Heating a gas may ionize its molecules or atoms , thus turning it into a plasma, which contains charged particles: positive ions and negative electrons or ions... |
| Polaron Polaron A polaron is a quasiparticle composed of a charge and its accompanying polarization field. A slow moving electron in a dielectric crystal, interacting with lattice ions through long-range forces will permanently be surrounded by a region of lattice polarization and deformation caused by the moving... |
A moving charged quasiparticle that is surrounded by ions in a material |
| Polariton Polariton In physics, polaritons are quasiparticles resulting from strong coupling of electromagnetic waves with an electric or magnetic dipole-carrying excitation. They are an expression of the common quantum phenomenon known as level repulsion, also known as the anti-crossing principle... |
A mixture of photon with other quasiparticles |
| Roton Roton A roton is an elementary excitation, or quasiparticle, in superfluid Helium-4. The dispersion relation of elementary excitations in this superfluid shows a linear increase from the origin, but exhibits first a maximum and then a minimum in energy as the momentum increases... |
Elementary excitation in superfluid Superfluid Superfluidity is a state of matter in which the matter behaves like a fluid without viscosity and with extremely high thermal conductivity. The substance, which appears to be a normal liquid, will flow without friction past any surface, which allows it to continue to circulate over obstructions and... Helium Helium Helium is the chemical element with atomic number 2 and an atomic weight of 4.002602, which is represented by the symbol He. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas that heads the noble gas group in the periodic table... -4 |
| Soliton Soliton In mathematics and physics, a soliton is a self-reinforcing solitary wave that maintains its shape while it travels at constant speed. Solitons are caused by a cancellation of nonlinear and dispersive effects in the medium... |
A self-reinforcing solitary excitation wave |
| Spinon Spinon Spinons are one of two quasiparticles, along with holons, that electrons in solids are able to split into during the process of spin–charge separation, when extremely tightly confined at temperatures close to absolute zero.... |
A quasiparticle produced as a result of electron spin-charge separation |