Marasmiaceae
Encyclopedia
The Marasmiaceae are a family
of basidiomycete fungi which have white spores
. They mostly have a tough stem
and the capability of shrivelling up during a dry period and later recovering. The widely consumed edible
fungus Lentinula edodes, the Shiitake mushroom, is a member of this family. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 54 genera
and 1590 species
.
The family Omphalataceae, described by Bresinsky in 1985 as a segregate from the Tricholomataceae
, is currently considered synonymous
with Marasmiaceae. Genera formerly included in that family (including Anthracophyllum
, Gymnopus
, Lentinula
, Marasmiellus
, Mycetinis
, Rhodocollybia
, Omphalotus
) are now classified in the Marasmiaceae.
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of basidiomycete fungi which have white spores
Basidiospore
A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by Basidiomycete fungi. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia. In grills under a cap of one common species in the phylum of...
. They mostly have a tough stem
Stipe (mycology)
thumb|150px|right|Diagram of a [[basidiomycete]] stipe with an [[annulus |annulus]] and [[volva |volva]]In mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal...
and the capability of shrivelling up during a dry period and later recovering. The widely consumed edible
Edible mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruiting bodies of several species of fungi. Mushrooms belong to the macrofungi, because their fruiting structures are large enough to be seen with the naked eye. They can appear either below ground or above ground where they may be picked by hand...
fungus Lentinula edodes, the Shiitake mushroom, is a member of this family. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 54 genera
Genera
Genera is a commercial operating system and development environment for Lisp machines developed by Symbolics. It is essentially a fork of an earlier operating system originating on the MIT AI Lab's Lisp machines which Symbolics had used in common with LMI and Texas Instruments...
and 1590 species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
.
The family Omphalataceae, described by Bresinsky in 1985 as a segregate from the Tricholomataceae
Tricholomataceae
The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. A classic "wastebasket taxon", the Tricholomataceae is inclusive of any white-, yellow-, or pink-spored genera in the Agaricales not already classified as belonging to the Amanitaceae, Lepiotaceae, Hygrophoraceae,...
, is currently considered synonymous
Synonym (taxonomy)
In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that is or was used for a taxon of organisms that also goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name to the Norway spruce, which he called Pinus abies...
with Marasmiaceae. Genera formerly included in that family (including Anthracophyllum
Anthracophyllum
Anthracophyllum is a genus of fungi in the Marasmiaceae family in the Agaricales order. The genus is widespread in tropical regions, and contains 10 species....
, Gymnopus
Gymnopus
Gymnopus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 300 species.-Representative species:*Gymnopus dryophilus*Gymnopus fusipes*Gymnopus peronatus*Gymnopus semihirtipes...
, Lentinula
Lentinula
Lentinula is a small genus of wood-inhabiting agarics. The neotropical species Lentinula boryana is the type species. However, the best-known species is L. edodes, the shiitake...
, Marasmiellus
Marasmiellus
Marasmiellus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The widespread genus, circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains about 250 species.The name comes from the Greek marasmus meaning wasting....
, Mycetinis
Mycetinis
Mycetinis is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains eight species....
, Rhodocollybia
Rhodocollybia
Rhodocollybia is a genus of Basidiomycete mushroom. Species in this genus, formerly classified as a subgenus in Collybia, have fairly large caps , and have a pinkish-tinted spore print...
, Omphalotus
Omphalotus
Omphalotus is a genus of Basidiomycete mushroom formally described by Victor Fayod in 1889. Members have the traditional cap and stem toadstool form. The best known and type species is the jack-o'-lantern mushroom . Species of Omphalotus, which are poisonous, have been mistaken for chanterelles...
) are now classified in the Marasmiaceae.
Genera
|
Cymatella Cymatella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains four species found in the Antilles.... Cymatellopsis Cymatellopsis is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Cymatellopsis ilmiana, found in east Africa.... Deigloria Deigloria is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The genus contains 10 species that are widespread in neotropical areas.... Epicnaphus Epicnaphus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The genus, defined by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1960, contains three species found in South America.... Fissolimbus Fissolimbus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Fissolimbus fallaciosus, found in Papua New Guinea.... Gerronema Gerronema is a genus of small- to medium-sized lignicolous agarics with white, nonamyloid, basidiospores and decurrent lamellae. The genus, first described by American mycologist Rolf Singer in 1951, contains 13 species.-Description:... Glabrocyphella Glabrocyphella is a genus of fungi in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains 13 species.-Species:*Glabrocyphella ailanthi*Glabrocyphella bananae*Glabrocyphella brunneocrystallina*Glabrocyphella dermatoides... Gymnopus Gymnopus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 300 species.-Representative species:*Gymnopus dryophilus*Gymnopus fusipes*Gymnopus peronatus*Gymnopus semihirtipes... Henningsomyces Henningsomyces is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains about 20 species.-Species:*Henningsomyces candidus*Henningsomyces galapagensis*Henningsomyces mutabilis... Hispidocalyptella Hispidocalyptella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Hispidocalyptella australis, found in Australia.... Hydropus Hydropus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains about 100 species, especially in tropical areas.-Species:*Hydropus atramentosus*Hydropus conicus*Hydropus floccipes*Hydropus funebris... Hymenogloea Hymenogloea is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Hymenogloea riofrioi, found in tropical America.... Lactocollybia Lactocollybia is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The widespread genus contains 17 species, especially in tropical areas.-Species:*Lactocollybia aequatorialis*Lactocollybia albida*Lactocollybia aurantiaca... |
Lecanocybe Lecanocybe is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Lecanocybe lateralis, found in Java and Hawaii.... Lentinula Lentinula is a small genus of wood-inhabiting agarics. The neotropical species Lentinula boryana is the type species. However, the best-known species is L. edodes, the shiitake... Macrocystidia Macrocystidia is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The genus contains five species that collectively have a widespread distribution.... Manuripia Manuripia is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Manuripia bifida, found in South America.... Marasmiellus Marasmiellus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The widespread genus, circumscribed by American mycologist William Murrill in 1915, contains about 250 species.The name comes from the Greek marasmus meaning wasting.... Marasmius Marasmius is a genus of mushrooms, in the family Marasmiaceae. It contains about 500 species of agarics, of which a few, such as Marasmius oreades, are edible. However, most members of this genus are small, unimpressive brown mushrooms... Megacollybia Megacollybia is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. Previously thought to be monotypic, the genus was split in 2007 in several species on the basis of genetic data. The type species, M. platyphylla, is restricted in distribution to Europe, Scandinavia, and western and central Russia.... Metulocyphella Metulocyphella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains two species found in South America.... Moniliophthora Moniliophthora is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains about 10 species, mostly distributed in tropical areas.... Mycetinis Mycetinis is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains eight species.... Neocampanella Neocampanella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Neocampanella blastanos.... Neonothopanus Neonothopanus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Neonothopanus nambi, found in South America.... Nochascypha Nochascypha is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains six species found in South America.... |
Nothopanus Nothopanus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus was circumscribed by American mycologist Rolf Singer in 1944.... Omphalotus Omphalotus is a genus of Basidiomycete mushroom formally described by Victor Fayod in 1889. Members have the traditional cap and stem toadstool form. The best known and type species is the jack-o'-lantern mushroom . Species of Omphalotus, which are poisonous, have been mistaken for chanterelles... Phaeodepas Phaeodepas is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains two species found in Venezuela.... Pleurocybella Pleurocybella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Pleurocybella porrigens, widespread in temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. P. porrigens, known as the angel wing, is a white-rot wood-decay fungus on conifer wood,... Pseudotyphula Pseudotyphula is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus is monotypic, containing the single species Pseudotyphula ochracea, found in North America. The genus was circumscribed by British mycologist E.J.H. Corner in 1953.... Rectipilus Rectipilus is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains nine species.... Rhodocollybia Rhodocollybia is a genus of Basidiomycete mushroom. Species in this genus, formerly classified as a subgenus in Collybia, have fairly large caps , and have a pinkish-tinted spore print... Setulipes Setulipes is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus, described by the Czech mycologist Vladimír Antonín in 1987, has a widespread distribution in north temperate areas, and contains about 25 species... Skepperiella Skepperiella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The widespread genus contains four species.... Stipitocyphella Stipitocyphella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Stipitocyphella keniensis, from Kenya.... Stromatocyphella Stromatocyphella is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. The genus contains three species found in North America.... Tetrapyrgos Tetrapyrgos is a genus of fungi in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains 16 species.-Species:*T. aequatorialis*T. alba*T. atrocyanea*T. austrochilensis*T. dendrophora... Trogia Trogia is a genus of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family. It is named after a Swiss mycologist Jacob Gabriel Trog. The genus contains about 20 species that are widely distributed in tropical areas.-Taxonomy:... |