Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland Marszałek Senatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
First:	Wojciech Trąmpczyński Wojciech Trampczynski Wojciech Stefan Trąmpczyński was a Polish lawyer and National Democratic politician. Voivode of the Poznań Voivodeship in 1919. He served as marshal of the Sejm of Poland from 1919–1922 and Senate of Poland from 1922 to 1928....
Incumbent:	Bogdan Borusewicz Bogdan Borusewicz Bogdan Michał Borusewicz, is the Speaker in the Polish Senate since 20 October 2005. Borusewicz was a democratic opposition activist under the Communist regime, a member of the Polish parliament for three terms and first Senate Speaker to serve two terms in this office.Borusewicz briefly served...
Formation:	1922

The Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland is a presiding officer of the Senate of Poland

Senate of Poland

The Senate is the upper house of the Polish parliament, the lower house being the 'Sejm'. The history of the Polish Senate is rich in tradition and stretches back over 500 years, it was one of the first constituent bodies of a bicameral parliament in Europe and existed without hiatus until the...

. He or she is also third person according to the Polish order of precedence

Polish order of precedence

There is no official document specifying the order of precedence in Poland. In practice, the precedence of officials in Poland is based on an outdated informal instruction dating back to 1992...

, after President of the Republic of Poland

President of the Republic of Poland

The President of the Republic of Poland is the Polish head of state. His or her rights and obligations are determined in the Constitution of Poland....

 and Sejm Marshal, and second in line to became Acting President of the Republic of Poland

Acting President of the Republic of Poland

The Acting President of the Republic of Poland is a temporary post provided for by the Polish Constitution.The constitution states that the President is the Head of state...

 (after Sejm Marshal; in period 1935-1939 Senate Marshal was the first).

Because of both precedence order and succession order, he or she is commonly referred to as the "third person in state".

His deputy is the Vice-Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland

Vice-Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland

Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland is one of the Polish Senators in the upper house of the Polish parliament who serves as the deputy of the Senate Marshal...

.

Role

Marshal:

• Represent Senate
• Preside over Senate sessions
• Preside over Senate Presidium and caucus of heads of Senatorial caucuses (Konwent Seniorów) meetings
• Performing some representative roles on the state level
• Becoming Acting President when Sejm Marshal cannot do so
• Is in charge on peacekeeping in the Senate

History

Marshals of the Senate existed as early as the Duchy of Warsaw

Duchy of Warsaw

The Duchy of Warsaw was a Polish state established by Napoleon I in 1807 from the Polish lands ceded by the Kingdom of Prussia under the terms of the Treaties of Tilsit. The duchy was held in personal union by one of Napoleon's allies, King Frederick Augustus I of Saxony...

 (19th century). In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...

, the role was performed by the Grand Crown Marshals.

List of officeholders

In Second Polish Republic

Second Polish Republic

The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland refers to Poland between the two world wars; a period in Polish history in which Poland was restored as an independent state. Officially known as the Republic of Poland or the Commonwealth of Poland , the Polish state was...

:

Name	Period	Party
Wojciech Trąmpczyński Wojciech Trampczynski Wojciech Stefan Trąmpczyński was a Polish lawyer and National Democratic politician. Voivode of the Poznań Voivodeship in 1919. He served as marshal of the Sejm of Poland from 1919–1922 and Senate of Poland from 1922 to 1928....	November 28, 1922 - March 26, 1928
Julian Szymański	March 27, 1928-December 8, 1930	Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government
Władysław Raczkiewicz	December 9, 1930-October 3, 1935	Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government
Aleksander Prystor Aleksander Prystor Aleksander Błażej Prystor was a Polish politician, soldier and activist who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 1931 to 1933.He was a member of the Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party and in 1908 took part in the Bezdany raid....	October 4, 1935-November 27, 1938	Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government
Bogusław Miedziński	November 28, 1938-November 2, 1939	Camp of National Unity

The office was interrupted by German invasion of Poland in 1939 and not reinstated in People's Republic of Poland

People's Republic of Poland

The People's Republic of Poland was the official name of Poland from 1952 to 1990. Although the Soviet Union took control of the country immediately after the liberation from Nazi Germany in 1944, the name of the state was not changed until eight years later...

.

In modern Poland:

Name	Period	Party
Andrzej Stelmachowski Andrzej Stelmachowski -Life:Stelmachowski was a member of Armia Krajowa, the Polish resistance during Second World War. A Lawyer, professor of University of Wrocław and University of Warsaw , he was a Solidarity advisor in 1980 and took part in the Polish Round Table Agreement...	November 22, 1989-November 26, 1991	Obywatelski Klub Parlamentarny
August Chełkowski	November 26, 1991-October 15, 1993	Solidarity
Adam Struzik	October 26, 1993-October 19, 1997	Polish Peasant Party Polish Peasant Party The Polish People's Party , is a centrist, agrarian, and Christian democratic political party in Poland. It currently has 31 members of the Sejm, one member of the Senate, and three Members of the European Parliament. It is the junior partner in a coalition with Civic Platform.The party was...
Alicja Grześkowiak	October 21, 1997-October 18, 2001	Solidarity Electoral Action Solidarity Electoral Action Solidarity Electoral Action was a political party coalition in Poland. Since 1997 its official name has been Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność Prawicy or Solidarity Electoral Action of the Right...
Longin Pastusiak Longin Pastusiak Longin Hieronim Pastusiak is a Polish politician and historian.-Academic career:In 1959 Pastusiak earned his Master of Arts degree form Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, University of Virginia in Charlottesville...	October 20, 2001-October 18, 2005	Democratic Left Alliance Democratic Left Alliance Democratic Left Alliance is a social-democratic political party in Poland. Formed in 1991 as a coalition of centre-left parties, it was formally established as a single party on 15 April 1999. It is currently the third largest opposition party in Poland....
Bogdan Borusewicz Bogdan Borusewicz Bogdan Michał Borusewicz, is the Speaker in the Polish Senate since 20 October 2005. Borusewicz was a democratic opposition activist under the Communist regime, a member of the Polish parliament for three terms and first Senate Speaker to serve two terms in this office.Borusewicz briefly served...	October 20, 2005–Incumbent