Media in Poland - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Media and politics

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

has instituted freedom of press since the fall of communism

Communism

Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...

. However, public TV and radio are still politically controlled, via
a state regulatory body called Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji
Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji
Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji is the Polish broadcasting regulator, which issues radio and television broadcast licenses, ensures compliance with the law by public broadcasters, and indirectly controls state-owned media...

(The National Radio and Television Committee), which is similar to CRTC in Canada

Canada

Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

.

It is said that both public and private media are not impartial, and used as means for political propaganda. Various irregularities have been exposed during the investigation by a special parliamentary committee into the Lew Rywin affair.

TV stations

TVP

Telewizja Polska

Telewizja Polska Spółka Akcyjna is Poland's public broadcasting corporation...

– public broadcaster

TVP 1
TVP 1
TVP1 is a television channel owned by TVP , Poland's national public broadcaster...
TVP 2
TVP 2
TVP2 is a Polish public mainstream TV channel operated by TVP. Its varied line-up contains all kinds of programming although it focuses on entertainment: stand up comedy, comic shows, cabaret, and themed talk shows .-Polish soap operas:* M jak...
TVP HD
TVP HD
TVP HD - is a special High Definition version of the Polish public broadcasting channels . A digital terrestrial multiplex carrying the channel was available in Warsaw, Poznań, Zielona Góra, Żagań, Kraków, Leżajsk and Krosno from the 6 to 25 August 2008...
TVP Info
TVP Info
TVP Info is a Polish news channel, which replaced TVP3. It is run by the public broadcaster, TVP and dedicated to the country's regions. It had regional branches in most of the major Polish cities and, similarly to the France 3 in France or Rai Tre in Italy, for couple of hours every day it...

(regional and news)
TVP Polonia
TVP Polonia
TVP Polonia is the international channel of the Telewizja Polska . The channel is co-funded by the TVP and the Polish Ministry for Foreign Affairs and broadcasts from the TVP headquarters in Warsaw...

(for Poles abroad)
TVP Kultura
TVP Kultura
TVP Kultura is the first TV theme channel to be run by the Polish public broadcaster TVP. It was launched on April 24, 2005 and is dedicated to arts and culture. Every day of the week, the channel concentrates on other disciplines; e.g., cinema, music, etc...

(cultural)
TVP Sport
TVP Sport
TVP Sport is a Polish sport channel owned by TVP launched on 18 November 2006. The channel is available on n, cyfra+, cyfrowy polsat, as well as over cable providers....
TVP Historia
TVP Historia
TVP Historia is a public, history channel available on cable, satellite and DSL.-External links:*...

(history)
Belsat (in Belarusian language)

Polsat

Polsat is Poland's second biggest television channel, founded on December 5, 1992 and owned by Zygmunt Solorz-Żak.Polsat belongs to the Polsat Group , which also owns other channels:*Polsat HD*Polsat 2 International*Polsat News*TV Biznes...

– private

Polsat
Polsat
Polsat is Poland's second biggest television channel, founded on December 5, 1992 and owned by Zygmunt Solorz-Żak.Polsat belongs to the Polsat Group , which also owns other channels:*Polsat HD*Polsat 2 International*Polsat News*TV Biznes...
Polsat News
Polsat News
Polsat News is a Polish news channel, launched on 7 June 2008 at 7:00 AM . Being a part of the Polsat Network, Polsat News is owned by Polsat Group. It is available over Cyfrowy Polsat, Cyfra+ and UPC Poland digital platforms in Poland...
Polsat 2 International
Polsat 2 International
Polsat 2 International is a general interest channel that launched on 1 March 1997 and is owned by Polsat Group. It is aimed at Polish viewers who live abroad and features the best programming from Polsat and its various other channels...
Polsat Sport
Polsat Sport
Polsat Sport is a Polish sports channel owned by Polsat. It launched on 11 August 2000 and is available via satellite on Cyfrowy Polsat.-Logo History:-See also:* Polsat Sport HD* Polsat Sport Extra* Polsat Futbol...
Polsat Sport Extra
Polsat Sport Extra
Polsat Sport Extra is a Polish television channel owned and operated by Polsat....
Polsat Cafe
Polsat Café
Polsat Café is a Polish lifestyle television channel aimed primarily at women. It is owned and operated by Polsat....

(health and beauty)
Polsat Play
Polsat Play
Polsat Play is a Polish lifestyle television channel aimed primarily at men. It is owned and operated by Polsat....
TV4
TV4 (Poland)
TV 4 is a private Polish TV station.TV 4 was created through the amalgamation of the stations Nasza TV and Polsat 2 and started broadcasting on 1 April 2000. The station belongs to the Polskie Media. Polskie Media in approximately 90% owned by Polsat and approximately 9% of TVN...

Grupa ITI (International Trading and Investments Holdings SA Luxembourg)

TVN
TVN (Poland)
TVN is a major Polish commercial television network. The broadcaster was co-founded by Polish businessmen Mariusz Walter and Jan Wejchert. The network launched on October 3, 1997. TVN belongs to the TVN S.A...
TVN HD
TVN (Poland)
TVN is a major Polish commercial television network. The broadcaster was co-founded by Polish businessmen Mariusz Walter and Jan Wejchert. The network launched on October 3, 1997. TVN belongs to the TVN S.A...
TVN Siedem
TVN Siedem
TVN 7 is a Polish television channel specialising in action, drama and comedy shows and movies. The channel was launched on March 1, 2002, replacing RTL 7. It is part of the TVN network which is owned by ITI Group....
TVN24 (24/7 news channel)
TVN Style
TVN Style
TVN Style is a Polish channel aimed at women featuring the latest in fashion, health and beauty. It launched in August 2004 and is a part of the TVN network, owned by ITI Group.-Line-up:...

(channel aimed at women)
TVN Turbo
TVN Turbo
TVN Turbo is a Polish TV channel aimed at men with a major focus on automotive programming, it launched in December 2003. It is part of the TVN network and is owned by ITI Group....

(cars)
TVN Meteo
TVN Meteo
TVN Meteo is the first Polish channel dedicated exclusively to weather forecasts, it launched in May 2003. It is part of the TVN network and is owned by ITI Group. Its programmes are prepared by the same weather team that presents the forecasts for TVN Meteo's sister channel TVN 24 and the group's...

(weather)
iTVN (for Poles abroad)
TVN Med
TVN Med
TVN Med is a Polish television channel owned by TVN, the television arm of the ITI Group. It is the only TV channel in Poland with access restricted to just one professional group - namely the physicians...

(private channel not available to general public)
TVN Warszawa (Warsaw city TV)
nSport
NSport
nSport is a Polish sport channel owned by ITI Group launched on 12 October 2006. The channel is available only for platform n....

(HDTV
High-definition television
High-definition television is video that has resolution substantially higher than that of traditional television systems . HDTV has one or two million pixels per frame, roughly five times that of SD...

)
Religia.tv (religion)

Polcast Television

Tele 5
Tele 5 (Poland)
Tele5 is Polish commercial television station owned by Polcast Television. It was launched on April 19, 2002, replacing Super 1. At the start, it broadcast only European productions Tele5 is Polish commercial television station owned by Polcast Television. It was launched on April 19, 2002,...
Polonia 1
Polonia 1
Polonia 1 is one of the first Polish commercial television channels, consisting at first of a network of 12 local TV stations in bigger cities...

Minor players and joint-ventures:

TVN CNBC (business channel run together with CNBC Europe)
Discovery Historia
Discovery Historia
Discovery Historia is a Polish television channel broadcasting history-related programmes. The channel was originally a joint-venture between Discovery Networks and TVN, but TVN left the venture in 2009...

(history and documentaries)
TV Puls
TV Puls
TV Puls is a Polish commercial television channel, which was based on Telewizja Niepokalanów with the support of companies such as PKN Orlen, KGHM Polska Miedź, PZU Życie, Prokom and which started broadcasting in March 2001. Due to financial problems, ended broadcasting on April 1, 2003...

(35% owned by News Corporation
News Corporation
News Corporation or News Corp. is an American multinational media conglomerate. It is the world's second-largest media conglomerate as of 2011 in terms of revenue, and the world's third largest in entertainment as of 2009, although the BBC remains the world's largest broadcaster...

)
TV Trwam (catholic channel; owner Lux Veritatis Foundation)
Mango24 (shopping)
iTV (interactive tv)
4fun.tv (interactive music; 4fun Media S.A. owned by Nova Holding Ltd., London)
many local city and community cable stations

Many major players are also present on the market, among them:
Canal+

Canal+ Poland

Canal+ Poland is Poland's variation of the French television network Canal+. It is similar in many ways, including continuity and presentation. It also shows similar programs to Canal+ France like the tv-series The Simpsons....

Polska, Canal+ Sport, Canal+ Film, Canal+ Sport2, HBO, HBO2, EuroSport

Eurosport

Eurosport is a pan-European television sport network operated by French broadcaster TF1 Group. The network of channels are available in 59 countries, in 20 different languages providing viewers with European and international sporting events...

, EuroSport2, Discovery Channel

Discovery Channel Poland

Discovery Channel Poland is a Polish television channel. It shows factual entertainment programming, just as its many siblings around the world.Discovery Channel has been available in Poland at least since 1998 when the Wizja TV platform launched...

, Discovery Travel & Living

Discovery Travel & Living Poland

TLC is a television channel which broadcasts lifestyle programmes to Poland. It targets mature women and broadcasts programmes related to lifestyle, health, food, and more....

, Discovery Science

Discovery Science Poland

Discovery Science Poland is a Polish television channel which broadcasts programmes about science and technology.The dedicated Polish version of the channel was launched in February 2007, along with Discovery Civilisation Poland. It replaced the European version of the channel, which had been...

, Discovery World

Discovery World Poland

Discovery World is a Polish television channel which broadcasts documentaries.The dedicated Polish version of the channel was launched in February 2007, along with Discovery Science Poland. It replaced the European version of the channel, which had been available in Poland since June 1999...

, MTV Poland

MTV Poland

MTV Polska is the Polish version of the international music channel MTV. It was launched on July 7, 2000 and replaced the music channel Atomic TV after it was purchased by MTV Networks Europe. It is currently operated by Warsaw-based MTV Networks Polska and is available on cable and digital...

, VIVA Poland, VH1 Poland

Digital TV platforms (all private)

Cyfra+
Cyfra+
Cyfra+ is a Polish digital satellite platform, owned and operated by French media company Canal+ . It offers 95 channels. By 2010, Cyfra+ had 1,6 million subscribers.-Setbacks:...

(owned by Canal Plus Cyfrowy)
Cyfrowy Polsat
Cyfrowy Polsat
Cyfrowy Polsat is a Polish DTH platform. It was launched on December 5, 1999 and is owned by Cyfrowy Polsat S.A. It is the fourth largest digital platform in Europe and the largest in Central and Eastern Europe. Cyfrowy Polsat have 3,47 million subscribes.Cyfrowy Polsat S.A...

(owned by Polsat Cyfrowy stock company)
n (owned by ITI Group
ITI Group
ITI Group , known as Grupa ITI in Polish, is a large media conglomerate headquartered in Warsaw, Poland. ITI Group controls the Polish television network, TVN, among its many holdings.The ITI Group was co-founded by businessmen Jan Wejchert and Mariusz Walter in 1984...

)

Polskie Radio (public broadcaster)

Program 1 (aka Jedynka)
Program 2
Program 2
Polskie Radio Program II, also known as PR2 or Dwójka, is a radio channel produced by the Polish public broadcaster, Polskie Radio. It is dedicated to classical music, culture, and the arts...

(aka Dwójka)
Program 3 (aka Trójka)
Program 4 (aka Czwórka)
Radio Parlament
Polskie Radio dla Zagranicy (Polish Radio External Service)
17 regional stations of Polskie Radio

Privately owned stations

Broker FM group:

RMF FM
RMF FM
RMF FM - the most popular and the first commercial radio station in Poland. RMF FM started broadcasting on 15 January 1990 in Kraków. The current director is Tadeusz Sołtys. The radio is wholly owned by the German Bauer Verlagsgruppe.-Frequency FM in Poland:-External links:*...

(nationwide)
RMF Classic (classical music)
RMF MAXXX (dance and pop music)

Eurozet group:

Radio Zet
Radio Zet
Radio ZET – Polish commercial radio station. The current owner of the station is Eurozet. The editor-in-chief of Radio ZET is Mateusz Kirstein. The Radio started broadcasting on 28 September 1990, being the first private radio station in Warsaw.-History:...

(nationwide)
Chilli Zet (chillout and jazz music)
Antyradio
Antyradio
Antyradio - a Polish radio network broadcasting all genres of rock music. The current owner of the network is Eurozet.Antyradio started broadcasting on 1 June 2005.Programming*Tomasz Kasprzyk - Kasprologia*Aleksander Ostrowski - Ostry Dyżur...

(rock music)
Planeta FM (dance and club music)
Radio Plus (soft pop music)

Agora group:

TOK FM (news and commentary)
Złote Przeboje (oldies)
Roxy FM (alternative music)

Time group:

Radio Eska (pop and dance music)
Eska Rock (rock music)
VOX FM (oldies)
Radio WAWA (polish music)

other:

Radio Maryja
Radio Maryja
Radio Maryja is a Polish religious, conservative, anti-post-Communist and pro-life Roman Catholic radio station and media group, describing itself as patriotic. It was founded in Toruń, Poland, on December 9, 1991 and has been run since its inception by the Redemptorist rector doctor Tadeusz...

(religious, conservative, political)
local radio stations

Polish radio stations in other countries

Anglo-Polish Radio ORLA.fm http://www.orla.fm
Polskie Radio Londyn

Daily papers

Gazeta Wyborcza
Gazeta Wyborcza
Gazeta Wyborcza is a leading Polish newspaper. It covers the gamut of political, international and general news. Like all the Polish newspapers, it is printed on compact-sized paper, and is published by the multimedia corporation Agora SA...

(centre-left) http://www.wyborcza.pl
Rzeczpospolita
Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)
Rzeczpospolita is a Polish national daily newspaper, with a circulation around of 160,000. Issued every day except Sunday. Rzeczpospolita was printed in broadsheet format, then switched to compact at October 16, 2007...

(centre-right) http://www.rp.pl
Dziennik Gazeta Prawna (centrist) http://www.dziennik.pl
Polska (centrist; edited in cooperation with the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

daily The Times
The Times
The Times is a British daily national newspaper, first published in London in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register . The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times are published by Times Newspapers Limited, a subsidiary since 1981 of News International...

) http://polskatimes.pl
Fakt (tabloid) http://www.efakt.pl
Super Express
Super Express
The Super Express is a Polish tabloid published in Warsaw since 1991, with daily circulation of about 370,000. The paper, owned by the MediaExpress, is best known for publications about political scandals. Before the 1993 and 1995 elections in Poland Super Express published pre-election polls,...

(tabloid) http://www.se.com.pl
Nasz Dziennik
Nasz Dziennik
Nasz Dziennik is a Polish daily newspaper, published in Warsaw since 1998 by Spes Ltd., with the circulation of about 150,000 as of 2007. Alternate sources have listed its 1999 circulation at 250,000; and its 1998 readership at 600,000...

(catholic, extremely right-wing) http://www.naszdziennik.pl
Trybuna
Trybuna
Trybuna was a Polish left-wing newspaper, often seen as the outlet of the post-communist factions . It was published by Ad Novum.-History:...

(left-wing) http://www.trybuna.com.pl

Weekly magazines

Polityka
Polityka
Polityka is a centre-left weekly newsmagazine in Poland. With a circulation of 170,000 it is the country's biggest selling weekly, ahead of Newsweek's Polish edition and Wprost. Today, the magazine has a slightly intellectual, social liberal profile, setting it apart from the more conservative...

(centre-left) http://www.polityka.pl
Newsweek Polska
Newsweek Polska
Newsweek Polska is an Polish weekly news magazine, published as the local edition of Newsweek. The magazine circulation in March 2009 was 192,000 copies....

(Polish edition of Newsweek
Newsweek
Newsweek is an American weekly news magazine published in New York City. It is distributed throughout the United States and internationally. It is the second-largest news weekly magazine in the U.S., having trailed Time in circulation and advertising revenue for most of its existence...

, centrist to left-wing) http://www.newsweek.pl
Wprost
Wprost
Wprost is a weekly newsmagazine in Poland. It was founded on December 5, 1982 as a regional magazine in Greater Poland, but since 1989 it has been distributed nationwide. The editorial office is currently located in Warsaw. Wprost is an opinion weekly focused on politics and society. Marek Król is...

(centrist to right) http://www.wprost.pl
Przekrój
Przekrój
Przekrój is the oldest Polish weekly newsmagazine, established in 1945 in Krakow and since 2001 published in Warsaw. Przekrój was created by M. Eile who, until 1969, was the first editor-in-chief of the magazine...

(left-wing) http://www.przekroj.pl
Przegląd
Przeglad
Przegląd is a weekly left-wing Polish magazine. It has been started in 1999 as the continuity of another weekly Przegląd Tygodniowy that had been published since 1982.Editor-in-chief: Jerzy Domański....

(left-wing) http://www.przeglad.com.pl
Nie
NIE
NIE or Nie may mean:* Nie , a Chinese family name**Nie Er, Chinese composer**Nie Rongzhen, Chinese Marshal*NIE , a Polish weekly magazine by Jerzy Urban...

(extremely left-wing) http://www.nie.com.pl
Gazeta Polska
Gazeta Polska
Gazeta Polska is a Polish right-wing/conservative weekly, founded in 1993. Its current editor-in-chief is Tomasz Sakiewicz. Its most known contributors include: Piotr Lisiewicz, Jacek Kwieciński, Eliza Michalik, Robert Tekieli, Krystyna Grzybowska, Maciej Rybiński, Jacek Łęski, Piotr Semka, Jerzy...

(right-wing) http://www.gazetapolska.pl
Najwyższy Czas!
Najwyzszy Czas!
Najwyższy Czas! is a Polish liberal conservative sociopolitic weekly news magazine, published since March 31, 1990 by Oficyna Konserwatystów i Liberałów, owned by Janusz Korwin-Mikke and connected with the Union of Real Politics. This magazine focuses on promoting liberalism in economy and...

(extremely right-wing - libertarian) http://www.nczas.com
Tygodnik Powszechny
Tygodnik Powszechny
Tygodnik Powszechny is a Polish Roman Catholic weekly magazine, focusing on social and cultural issues. Established in 1945 under the auspices of Cardinal Adam Stefan Sapieha, Jerzy Turowicz was its editor-in-chief until his death in 1999. He was succeeded by priest Adam Boniecki.-History:The...

(Catholic socio-cultural weekly) http://tygodnik.onet.pl
Niedziela (Catholic weekly) http://www.niedziela.pl/
Gość Niedzielny
Gość Niedzielny
Gość Niedzielny is a Polish weekly Catholic news magazine. It is published in Katowice. The magazine circulation in 2011 was 198,500 copies....

(Catholic weekly) http://goscniedzielny.wiara.pl/
Angora
Angora
Angora is the historic name of Ankara, Turkey Angora may also refer to:* Angora, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania** Angora , a commuter rail station* Angora Township, Minnesota* Angora, Nebraska* Angora , a musical group...

(left-wing Polish and world press review) http://www.angora.pl
Forum (world press review, rather centrist to left-wing)