Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
Encyclopedia
Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
- which is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art - are.
Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
The Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art was first established on 28 November 1853 by King Maximilian II. von Bayern. It is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art...
- which is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art - are.
Members (not complete before 1981)
- 1853
- Science: Johann Caspar Bluntschli, Carl Friedrich Gauß († 1855), Jacob GrimmJacob GrimmJacob Ludwig Carl Grimm was a German philologist, jurist and mythologist. He is best known as the discoverer of Grimm's Law, the author of the monumental Deutsches Wörterbuch, the author of Deutsche Mythologie and, more popularly, as one of the Brothers Grimm, as the editor of Grimm's Fairy...
(† 1863), Alexander von HumboldtAlexander von HumboldtFriedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt...
(† 1859), Justus von LiebigJustus von LiebigJustus von Liebig was a German chemist who made major contributions to agricultural and biological chemistry, and worked on the organization of organic chemistry. As a professor, he devised the modern laboratory-oriented teaching method, and for such innovations, he is regarded as one of the...
, Hugo von MohlHugo von MohlHugo von Mohl was a German botanist from Stuttgart.He was a son of the Württemberg statesman Benjamin Ferdinand von Mohl , the family being connected on both sides with the higher class of state officials of Württemberg...
, Leopold RankeLeopold von RankeLeopold von Ranke was a German historian, considered one of the founders of modern source-based history. Ranke set the standards for much of later historical writing, introducing such ideas as reliance on primary sources , an emphasis on narrative history and especially international politics .-...
, Friedrich Wilhelm von SchellingFriedrich Wilhelm Joseph SchellingFriedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling , later von Schelling, was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him between Fichte, his mentor prior to 1800, and Hegel, his former university roommate and erstwhile friend...
, Carl Theodor von SieboldKarl Theodor Ernst von SieboldKarl Theodor Ernst von Siebold was a German physiologist and zoologist. He was responsible for the introduction of the taxa Arthropoda and Rhizopoda, and for defining the taxon Protozoa specifically for single-celled organisms.-Biography:He was born at Würzburg, Bavaria, the son of a professor of...
, Carl August von SteinheilCarl August von SteinheilCarl August von Steinheil was a German physicist, inventor, engineer and astronomer.-Biography:Steinheil was born in Ribeauvillé, Alsace. He studied law in Erlangen since 1821, then astronomy in Göttingen and Königsberg. He continued his studies in astronomy and physics when he started living on...
(† 1870), Friedrich WöhlerFriedrich WöhlerFriedrich Wöhler was a German chemist, best known for his synthesis of urea, but also the first to isolate several chemical elements.-Biography:He was born in Eschersheim, which belonged to aau... - Art: Joseph von Eichendorff († 1857), Emanuel v. GeibelEmanuel GeibelEmanuel von Geibel , German poet and playwright, was born at Lübeck, the son of a pastor in the city.He was originally intended for his father's profession and studied at Bonn and Berlin, but his real interests lay not in theology but in classical and romance philology. In 1838 he accepted a...
, Franz GrillparzerFranz GrillparzerFranz Seraphicus Grillparzer was an Austrian writer who is chiefly known for his dramas. He also wrote the oration for Ludwig van Beethoven's funeral.-Biography:...
, Heinrich HeßHeinrich Maria von HessHeinrich Maria von Hess was a German painter, a member of the Nazarene movement.-Biography:He was born at Düsseldorf and brought up to the profession of art by his father, the engraver Karl Ernst Christoph Hess...
, Peter HeßPeter von HessPeter Heinrich Lambert von Hess was a German painter, known for historic paintings, especially of the Napoleonic Wars and the Greek War of Independence.-Life:...
, Wilhelm von KaulbachWilhelm von KaulbachWilhelm von Kaulbach was a German painter, noted mainly as a muralist, but also as a book illustrator. His murals decorate buildings in Munich.-Education:...
, Leo von KlenzeLeo von KlenzeLeo von Klenze was a German neoclassicist architect, painter and writer...
, Heinrich MarschnerHeinrich MarschnerHeinrich August Marschner , was the most important composer of German Romantic opera between Carl Maria von Weber and Richard Wagner, and is remembered principally for his operas Hans Heiling , Der Vampyr , and Der Templer und die Jüdin...
, Giacomo MeyerbeerGiacomo MeyerbeerGiacomo Meyerbeer was a noted German opera composer, and the first great exponent of "grand opera." At his peak in the 1830s and 1840s, he was the most famous and successful composer of opera in Europe, yet he is rarely performed today.-Early years:He was born to a Jewish family in Tasdorf , near...
, Christian RauchChristian Daniel RauchChristian Daniel Rauch was a German sculptor. He founded the Berlin school of sculpture, and was the foremost German sculptor of the 19th century.-Biography:Rauch was born at Arolsen in the Principality of Waldeck...
, Friedrich RückertFriedrich RückertFriedrich Rückert was a German poet, translator, and professor of Oriental languages.-Biography:Rückert was born at Schweinfurt and was the eldest son of a lawyer. He was educated at the local Gymnasium and at the universities of Würzburg and Heidelberg. From 1816-1817, he worked on the editorial...
, Julius Schnorr von CarolsfeldJulius Schnorr von CarolsfeldJulius Schnorr von Carolsfeld was a German painter.-Biography:Schnorr was born at Leipzig, where he received his earliest instruction from his father Johann Veit Schnorr , a draughtsman, engraver and painter...
- Science: Johann Caspar Bluntschli, Carl Friedrich Gauß († 1855), Jacob Grimm
- 1854
- Art: Justinus KernerJustinus KernerJustinus Andreas Christian Kerner was a German poet and medical writer.-Life:He was born at Ludwigsburg in Württemberg...
(† 1862)
- Art: Justinus Kerner
- 1862
- Art: Eduard MörikeEduard MörikeEduard Friedrich Mörike was a German Romantic poet.-Biography:Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike , a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer...
(† 1875)
- Art: Eduard Mörike
- 1867
- Science: Hermann HelmholtzHermann von HelmholtzHermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz was a German physician and physicist who made significant contributions to several widely varied areas of modern science...
(† 1894)
- Science: Hermann Helmholtz
- 1871
- Science: Theodor MommsenTheodor MommsenChristian Matthias Theodor Mommsen was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician, archaeologist, and writer generally regarded as the greatest classicist of the 19th century. His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research...
(† 1903) - Art: Paul Heyse (ausgetreten 1887, † 1914)
- Science: Theodor Mommsen
- 1873
- Art: August von KrelingAugust von KrelingAugust von Kreling German sculptor born in Osnabrück. He studied with Cornelius and in 1853, became director of the Academy of Fine Arts Nuremberg...
(† 1876); Richard WagnerRichard WagnerWilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, conductor, theatre director, philosopher, music theorist, poet, essayist and writer primarily known for his operas...
(† 1883); Johannes BrahmsJohannes BrahmsJohannes Brahms was a German composer and pianist, and one of the leading musicians of the Romantic period. Born in Hamburg, Brahms spent much of his professional life in Vienna, Austria, where he was a leader of the musical scene...
(† 1897)
- Art: August von Kreling
- 1884
- Art: Adolf von Wilbrandt († 1911)
- 1888
- Art: Conrad Ferdinand MeyerConrad Ferdinand MeyerConrad Ferdinand Meyer was a Swiss poet and historical novelist, a master of realism chiefly remembered for stirring narrative ballads like "Die Füße im Feuer" .-Biography:...
(† 1898)
- Art: Conrad Ferdinand Meyer
- 1895
- Art: Gabriel Ritter von Max († 1915)
- 1897
- Art: Joseph JoachimJoseph JoachimJoseph Joachim was a Hungarian violinist, conductor, composer and teacher. A close collaborator of Johannes Brahms, he is widely regarded as one of the most significant violinists of the 19th century.-Origins:...
(† 1907)
- Art: Joseph Joachim
- 1899
- Science: Felix KleinFelix KleinChristian Felix Klein was a German mathematician, known for his work in group theory, function theory, non-Euclidean geometry, and on the connections between geometry and group theory...
(† 1925)
- Science: Felix Klein
- 1902
- Art: Fritz von UhdeFritz von UhdeFritz von Uhde was a German painter of genre and religious subjects. His style lay between Realism and Impressionism.- Biography :...
(† 1911)
- Art: Fritz von Uhde
- 1908
- Art: Ludwig von HerterichLudwig von HerterichLudwig von Herterich was a German painter and art teacher. He is best known as a painter of portraits and history paintings and is a representative of the Munich School.-Life:...
(† 1932)
- Art: Ludwig von Herterich
- 1910
- Art: Richard StraussRichard StraussRichard Georg Strauss was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras. He is known for his operas, which include Der Rosenkavalier and Salome; his Lieder, especially his Four Last Songs; and his tone poems and orchestral works, such as Death and Transfiguration, Till...
(† 1949)
- Art: Richard Strauss
- 1911
- Art: Gerhart HauptmannGerhart HauptmannGerhart Hauptmann was a German dramatist and novelist who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1912.-Life and work:...
(† 1946)
- Art: Gerhart Hauptmann
- 1925
- Science: Max PlanckMax PlanckMax Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, ForMemRS, was a German physicist who actualized the quantum physics, initiating a revolution in natural science and philosophy. He is regarded as the founder of the quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.-Life and career:Planck came...
(† 1948); Richard WillstätterRichard WillstätterRichard Martin Willstätter was a German organic chemist whose study of the structure of plant pigments, chlorophyll included, won him the 1915 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Willstätter invented paper chromatography independently of Mikhail Tsvet.-Biography:Willstätter was born in to a Jewish family...
(† 1942) - Art: Max SlevogtMax SlevogtMax Slevogt was a German Impressionist painter and illustrator, best known for his landscapes. He was, together with Lovis Corinth and Max Liebermann, one of the foremost representatives in Germany of the plein air style.-Biography:He was born in Landshut, Germany...
(† 1932)
- Science: Max Planck
- 1928:
- Art: Bernhard BleekerBernhard BleekerJosef Bernhard Maria Bleeker was a German sculptor.- Life :Bernhard Bleeker was born at the 26 July 1881 in Münster . After training as a stonemason in Münster and Munich he worked at different Munich building sites. In 1903 Bleeker got his first public contract to build a monument in Miesbach...
(† 1968)
- Art: Bernhard Bleeker
- 1930
- Science: Paul Wolters († 1936)
- 1932
- Science: Arnold SommerfeldArnold SommerfeldArnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and groomed a large number of students for the new era of theoretical physics...
(† 1951)
- Science: Arnold Sommerfeld
- 1933
- Art: Max FeldbauerMax FeldbauerMax Feldbauer was a German artist.He was born in Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz and died in Münchshöfen.In 1928 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Olympic Games for his "Mailcoach"....
(† 1948)
- Art: Max Feldbauer
- 1981
- Science: Klaus Betke († 2011), Adolf ButenandtAdolf ButenandtAdolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt was a German biochemist and member of the Nazi party. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1939 for his "work on sex hormones." He initially rejected the award in accordance with government policy, but accepted it in 1949 after World War...
(† 1995), Ernst Otto FischerErnst Otto FischerErnst Otto Fischer was a German chemist who won the Nobel Prize for pioneering work in the area of organometallic chemistry.-Early life:...
(† 2007), Karl Ritter von FrischKarl von FrischKarl Ritter von Frisch was an Austrian ethologist who received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973, along with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Konrad Lorenz....
(† 1982), Walter KünnethWalter KünnethWalter Künneth was a German Protestant theologian. During the Nazi era, he was part of the Confessing Church, and in the 1960s took part in the debate around the demands of Rudolf Bultmann to 'de-mythologize' the New Testament as an advocate of a word-oriented interpretation of the Bible...
(† 1997), Heinz Maier-LeibnitzHeinz Maier-LeibnitzHeinz Maier-Leibnitz was a German physicist. He made contributions to nuclear spectroscopy, coincidence measurement techniques, radioactive tracers for biochemistry and medicine, and neutron optics...
(† 2000), Golo MannGolo MannGolo Mann , born Angelus Gottfried Thomas Mann, was a popular German historian, essayist and writer. He was the third child of the novelist Thomas Mann and his wife Katia Mann.-Life:...
(† 1994), Theodor Maunz († 1993), Max Spindler († 1986) - Art: Axel von AmbesserAxel von AmbesserAxel Eugen Alexander von Österreich , better known as Axel von Ambesser, was a German actor and film director....
(† 1988), August ArnoldAugust ArnoldAugust Arnold was a film producer, inventor and co-founder, along with partner Robert Richter, of the Arnold & Richter Cine Technik , Arri Group. In 1937 along with his chief engineer, Erich Kästner, he developed the first reflex 35mm motion picture camera, the Arriflex 35....
(† 1983), Werner EgkWerner EgkWerner Egk , born Werner Joseph Mayer, was a German composer.-Early career:He was born in the Swabian town of Auchsesheim, today part of Donauwörth, Germany. His family, of Catholic peasant stock, moved to Augsburg when Egk was six. He studied at a Benedictine Gymnasium and entered the municipal...
(† 1983), Josef HenselmannJosef HenselmannJosef Henselmann was a German sculptor and professor.Henselmann was born in Sigmaringen, Province of Hohenzollern. After studying at the Gymnasium he completed an apprenticeship to be a wood sculptor. After the First World War he was a student at the Munich Academy...
(† 1987), Eugen JochumEugen JochumEugen Jochum was an eminent German conductor.Born in Babenhausen, near Augsburg, Germany, Jochum studied the piano and organ in Augsburg until 1922. He then studied conducting in Munich...
(† 1987), Carl OrffCarl OrffCarl Orff was a 20th-century German composer, best known for his cantata Carmina Burana . In addition to his career as a composer, Orff developed an influential method of music education for children.-Early life:...
(† 1982), Heinz RühmannHeinz RühmannHeinrich Wilhelm "Heinz" Rühmann was a popular German film actor.-Life and work:Rühmann was born in Essen, Westphalia. His role in the 1930 movie Die Drei von der Tankstelle led him to film stardom. He remained highly popular as a comedic actor throughout the 1930s and early 1940s...
(† 1994), Hans SedlmayrHans SedlmayrHans Sedlmayr was an Austrian art historian. Sedlmayr was University Professor of Art History in Vienna from 1936 until 1945, then in Munich from 1951 until 1964, and finally at the University of Salzburg from 1965-69, where he established the art history curriculum...
(† 1984), Toni Stadler († 1982), Astrid VarnayAstrid VarnayIbolyka Astrid Maria Varnay was an American dramatic soprano of Hungarian heritage and Swedish birth, who did most of her work in the United States and Germany. She was one of the best-known Wagnerian heroic sopranos of her generation...
(† 2006)
- Science: Klaus Betke († 2011), Adolf Butenandt
- 1984
- Science: Hansjochem Otto Autrum († 2003), Bernhard Bischoff († 1991), Ludwig BölkowLudwig BölkowLudwig Bölkow was one of the aeronautical pioneers of Germany.-Background:Born in Schwerin, in north-eastern Germany, in 1912, Bölkow was the son of a foreman employed by Fokker, one of the leading aircraft constructors of that time.-Early career:Bölkow’s first job was with Heinkel, the aircraft...
(† 2003), Karl Bosl († 1993), Ludwig Demling († 1995), Ulrich Grigull († 2003), Hermann Heimpel († 1988), Rolf HuisgenRolf HuisgenRolf Huisgen is a German chemist. He was born in Gerolstein and studied in Munich under the supervision of Heinrich Otto Wieland. After completing his Ph.D. in 1943 and his habilitation in 1947, he became professor at the University of Tübingen in 1949...
, Bernhard Ilschner († 2006), Konrad LorenzKonrad LorenzKonrad Zacharias Lorenz was an Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch...
(† 1989), Reimar LüstReimar LüstReimar Lüst is a German astrophysicist. He was the director general of the European Space Agency from 1984 until 1990. Dr...
, Rudolf MößbauerRudolf MößbauerRudolf Ludwig Mössbauer was a German physicist best known for his 1957 discovery of recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics...
, Oswald von Nell-BreuningOswald von Nell-BreuningOswald von Nell-Breuning SJ was a Roman Catholic theologian and sociologist.Born in Trier, Germany into an aristocratic family, Nell-Breuning was ordained in 1921 and appointed Professor of Ethics at the University of Frankfurt am Main in 1928...
(† 1991), Lothar Rohde († 1985), Michael Schmaus († 1993), Günter Schmölders († 1991), Julius Speer († 1984), Konrad ZuseKonrad ZuseKonrad Zuse was a German civil engineer and computer pioneer. His greatest achievement was the world's first functional program-controlled Turing-complete computer, the Z3, which became operational in May 1941....
(† 1995) - Art: Elisabeth BergnerElisabeth BergnerElisabeth Bergner was an actress.She was born Elisabeth Ettel in Drohobycz, Austro-Hungarian Empire ....
(† 1986), Kurt BöhmeKurt BöhmeKurt Böhme was a German bass.He was born in Dresden, Germany, where he studied with Adolf Kluge at the Dresden Conservatory. He made his debut in 1930 in Bautzen as Kaspar, one of his most important roles further on...
(† 1989), Georg Brenninger († 1988), Bernhard Degenhart († 1999), Dietrich Fischer-DieskauDietrich Fischer-DieskauDietrich Fischer-Dieskau is a retired German lyric baritone and conductor of classical music, one of the most famous lieder performers of the post-war period and "one of the supreme vocal artists of the 20th century"...
, Rudolf Hartmann († 1988), Hans HartungHans HartungHans Hartung was a German-French painter, known for his gestural abstract style. He was also a decorated World War II veteran of the French Foreign Legion.-Life:...
(† 1989), Ludwig Hoelscher († 1996), Hans Egon HolthusenHans Egon HolthusenHans Egon Holthusen was a German lyric poet, essayist, and literary scholar.Holthusen was born in Rendsburg the Province of Schleswig-Holstein, the son of a Protestant clergyman...
(† 1997), Hans HotterHans HotterHans Hotter was a German operatic bass-baritone, admired internationally after World War II for the power, beauty, and intelligence of his singing, especially in Wagner operas. He was extremely tall and his appearance was striking because of his high, narrow face, wide mouth, and big, aquiline nose...
(† 2003), Wilhelm KempffWilhelm KempffWilhelm Walter Friedrich Kempff was a German pianist and composer. Although his repertory included Bach, Liszt, Chopin, Schumann, and Brahms, Kempff was particularly well-known for his interpretations of the music of Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert, both of whose complete sonatas he also...
(† 1991), Wolfgang SawallischWolfgang SawallischWolfgang Sawallisch is a retired German conductor and pianist.-Biography:Sawallisch was born in Munich, and studied composition and pianoforte there privately: at the conclusion of the war, in 1946 he continued his studies at the Munich High School for Music and passed his final examination for...
, Wolfgang WagnerWolfgang WagnerWolfgang Wagner was a German opera director. He is best known as the director of the Bayreuth Festival, a position he initially assumed alongside his brother Wieland in 1951 until the latter's death in 1966...
(† 2010), Maria Wimmer († 1996), Mac Zimmermann († 1995)
- Science: Hansjochem Otto Autrum († 2003), Bernhard Bischoff († 1991), Ludwig Bölkow
- 1986
- Science: Gustav Aufhammer († 1988), Friedrich Ludwig Bauer , Walter BruchWalter BruchWalter Bruch was a German engineer who invented the PAL color television system at Telefunken in the early 1960s. In Addition to his research activities Professor Bruch taught at Hannover Technical University. He was awarded the Werner-von-Siemens-Ring in 1975.-Biography:He was born at Neustadt an...
(† 1990), Herbert Franke († 2011), Georges KöhlerGeorges J. F. Köhler-External links:* http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1984/...
(† 1995), Kurt Magnus († 2003), Hans Raupach († 1997), Audomar Scheuermann († 2000), Eugen Ulmer († 1988) - Art: Marianne HoppeMarianne HoppeMarianne Hoppe was a most distinguished German theatre and film actress.-Life and work:Born in Rostock, Marianne Hoppe became a leading lady of stage and films in Germany. She was born into a wealthy land owning family and was initially privately educated on her father's private estate...
(† 2002), Ernst JüngerErnst JüngerErnst Jünger was a German writer. In addition to his novels and diaries, he is well known for Storm of Steel, an account of his experience during World War I. Some say he was one of Germany's greatest modern writers and a hero of the conservative revolutionary movement following World War I...
(† 1998), Theodor Müller († 1996), Rudolf Noelte († 2002), Josef Oberberger († 1994), Hermann PreyHermann PreyHermann Prey was a German lyric baritone. He is most famous for lieder and for light comic baritone roles in opera.-Biography:...
(† 1998), Sir Georg SoltiGeorg SoltiSir Georg Solti, KBE, was a Hungarian-British orchestral and operatic conductor. He was a major classical recording artist, holding the record for having received the most Grammy Awards, having personally won 31 as a conductor, including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. In addition to his...
(† 1997), Hans Wimmer († 1992)
- Science: Gustav Aufhammer († 1988), Friedrich Ludwig Bauer , Walter Bruch
- 1988
- Science: Hans-Georg Beck († 1999), Otto Braun-Falco, Wolfgang ClemenWolfgang ClemenWolfgang Clemen was an eminent German literary scholar who helped reestablish English Studies in Germany after World War II...
(† 1990), Klaus von KlitzingKlaus von KlitzingKlaus von Klitzing is a German physicist known for discovery of the integer quantum Hall Effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics....
, Peter LerchePeter LerchePeter Lerche is a German jurist. Between 1964 and 1996 he held a chair for constitutional law at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich... - Art: Erich Steingräber
- Science: Hans-Georg Beck († 1999), Otto Braun-Falco, Wolfgang Clemen
- 1991
- Science: Otto L. Lange, Otto MeitingerOtto MeitingerOtto Meitinger is a German architect and preservationist. From 1987 to 1995 he was president of the Technical University Munich.- Life :Meitinger was born as son of the first municipal architect of Munich Karl Meitinger...
, Heinrich Nöth, Hans Georg Zachau - Art: Günter BialasGünter Bialas-Life:Bialas was born in Bielschowitz in Prussian Silesia. The adolescent Bialas received lessons in piano and music theory from Fritz Lubrich, a former student of Max Reger, in Kattowitz between 1922 and 1925...
(† 1995), Alexander von Branca († 2011), , Harald GenzmerHarald GenzmerHarald Genzmer was a German composer of contemporary classical music.-Biography:Born in Blumenthal, near Bremen, Germany, he studied composition with Paul Hindemith at the Berlin Hochschule für Music beginning in 1928.From 1938 he taught at the Volksmusikschule Berlin-Neukölln...
(† 2007), Werner Haftmann († 1999), Ernst Maria Lang
- Science: Otto L. Lange, Otto Meitinger
- 1993
- Science: Heinrich Fries († 1998), Wolfgang Haber, Robert HuberRobert HuberRobert Huber is a German biochemist and Nobel laureate.He was born 20 February 1937 in Munich where his father, Sebastian, was a bank cashier. He was educated at the Humanistisches Karls-Gymnasium from 1947 to 1956 and then studied chemistry at the Technische Hochschule, receiving his diploma in 1960...
, Hans MaierHans MaierHans Maier was a Dutch water polo player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.Born in Madioen, Dutch East Indies, he was part of the Dutch team which finished fifth in the 1936 tournament. He played all seven matches.-References:*...
, Otto MeitingerOtto MeitingerOtto Meitinger is a German architect and preservationist. From 1987 to 1995 he was president of the Technical University Munich.- Life :Meitinger was born as son of the first municipal architect of Munich Karl Meitinger...
, Anton Spitaler († 2003) - Art: Sergiu CelibidacheSergiu Celibidache- Biography :Celibidache was born in Roman, Romania, and began his studies in music with the piano, after which he studied music, philosophy and mathematics in Bucharest, Romania and then in Paris...
(† 1996), Heinz Friedrich († 2004), Rupprecht GeigerRupprecht GeigerRupprecht Geiger was an abstract painter and sculptor from Munich, Germany. He is perhaps best known for his color field paintings and for his passion for the color red.- Life and work :...
(† 2009), Wilhelm KillmayerWilhelm KillmayerWilhelm Killmayer is a German composer of classical music and an academic.-Professional career:Wilhelm Killmayer studied conducting and composition from 1945 to 1951 in Munich at Hermann Wolfgang von Waltershausen’s Musikseminar...
, Fritz KoenigFritz KoenigFritz Koenig, born June 20, 1924, in Würzburg, Germany, is a sculptor best known outside his native country for "The Sphere," which once stood in the plaza between the two World Trade Center towers in Lower Manhattan but which now stands, its damage deliberately left unrepaired, in Battery Park as...
, Hermann LenzHermann LenzHermann Karl Lenz[p] was a German writer of poetry, fiction stories, and novels. A major part of his work includes 10 volumes in a semi-autobiographical novel cycle about the alter-ego figure "Eugen Rapp"[p]. In the 1970s he published the 7-volume Schwäbische Chronik .Lenz had been a German POW in...
(† 1998), Konstanze Vernon
- Science: Heinrich Fries († 1998), Wolfgang Haber, Robert Huber
- 1995
- Science: Wolfgang Kaiser, Wolfhart PannenbergWolfhart PannenbergWolfhart Pannenberg is a German Christian theologian. His emphasis on history as revelation, centred on the Resurrection of Christ, has proved important in stimulating debate in both Protestant and Catholic theology, as well as with non-Christian thinkers.-Life and views:Pannenberg was baptized as...
, Joseph Kardinal Ratzinger, Willibald Sauerländer, Otto Speck, Hans F. ZacherHans F. ZacherHans Friedrich Zacher is a German academician. He was a professor at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität and was the President of Max-Planck-Gesellschaft from 1990 till 1996.-Biography:... - Art: Martin BenrathMartin BenrathMartin Benrath was a German film actor. He appeared in 65 films between 1954 and 2000.-Selected filmography:* Court Martial * From the Life of the Marionettes * Put on Ice...
(† 2000), Vicco von BülowVicco von BülowBernhard Victor Christoph Carl von Bülow , more commonly known under the pseudonym Loriot, was a German comedian, humorist, cartoonist, film director, actor and writer.He is most well known for his cartoons, the sketches from his 1976 television series...
, Brigitte FassbaenderBrigitte FassbaenderBrigitte Fassbaender , is a mezzo-soprano opera singer, a stage director and since 1997 Intendant of the Tiroler Landestheater in Innsbruck, Austria...
, Hertha TöpperHertha TöpperHertha Töpper is an Austrian contralto opera singer.Töpper, the daughter of a music teacher, began her singing studies at the Graz Conservatorium while still at high school. In 1954, she began her career at the Graz Opera in the role of Ulrica in Un ballo in maschera...
, Martin WalserMartin WalserAt first the speech did not cause a great stir. Indeed, the audience present in Church of St. Paul received the speech with applause, though Walser's critic Ignatz Bubis did not applaud, as confirmed by television footage of the event...
- Science: Wolfgang Kaiser, Wolfhart Pannenberg
- 1998
- Science: Heinz BauerHeinz BauerHeinz Bauer was a German mathematician.Bauer studied at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg and received his PhD there in 1953 under the supervision of Otto Haupt and finished his habilitation in 1956, both for work with Otto Haupt...
(† 2002), Gerd BinnigGerd BinnigGerd Binnig is a German physicist, and a Nobel laureate.He was born in Frankfurt am Main and played in the ruins of the city during his childhood. His family lived partly in Frankfurt and partly in Offenbach am Main, and he attended school in both cities. At the age of 10, he decided to become a...
, Roland Bulirsch, Horst Fuhrmann, Eveline Gottzein, Martin LindauerMartin LindauerMartin Lindauer was a German behavioral scientist. Lindauer studied communication systems in various species of social bees including stingless bees and honey bees. Much of his work was done in collaboration with Warwick Kerr in Brazil.-Biography:Martin Lindauer was born in Upper Bavaria...
(† 2008) - Art: Rolf Boysen, Lothar-Günther BuchheimLothar-Günther BuchheimLothar-Günther Buchheim was a German author and painter. He is best known for his novel Das Boot , which became an international bestseller and was adapted in 1981 as an Oscar-nominated film.-Early life:...
(† 2007), Tankred DorstTankred DorstTankred Dorst is a German playwright and storyteller.Tankred Dorst currently lives and works in Munich. His farces, parables, one-act-plays and adaptations are inspired by the theatre of the absurd and the works of Ionesco, Giraudoux and Beckett...
, August EverdingAugust EverdingAugust Everding was a German opera director and administrator. He studied at the Universities of Bonn and Munich, where launching his career in the 1950s...
(† 1999), Hans Werner HenzeHans Werner HenzeHans Werner Henze is a German composer of prodigious output best known for "his consistent cultivation of music for the theatre throughout his life"...
, Carlos KleiberCarlos KleiberCarlos Kleiber was a German-born, Austrian classical conductor who spent most of his early life in Berlin, Buenos Aires, Vienna and New York City, and from the early 1960s his professional career in Germany.- Early career :...
(† 2004), Julia VaradyJulia VaradyJúlia Várady is a German soprano of Hungarian origin born in Nagyvárad, Hungary .At the age of six she began violin lessons at the music conservatory in Cluj-Napoca and then, aged fourteen, voice training with Emilia Popp...
- Science: Heinz Bauer
- 1999
- Science: Knut Borchardt, Wolfgang Frühwald, Regine Kahmann, Arnulf Schlüter († 2011), Harald WeinrichHarald WeinrichHarald Weinrich is a German classical scholar, scholar of Romance philology and philosopher, known for the breadth of his writings. He is emeritus professor of the Collège de France, and held the chair of Romance literature from 1992 to 1998.His doctorate and Habilitation were from the University...
, Ernst-Ludwig Winnacker, Meinhart Zenk - Art: Sir Colin DavisColin DavisSir Colin Rex Davis, CH, CBE is an English conductor. His repertoire is broad, but among the composers with whom he is particularly associated are Mozart, Berlioz, Elgar, Sibelius, Stravinsky and Tippett....
, Edita GruberováEdita GruberováEdita Gruberová , is a Slovak soprano who is one of the most acclaimed coloraturas of recent decades. She is noted for her great tonal clarity, agility, dramatic interpretation, and ability to sing high notes with great power, which made her an ideal Queen of the Night in her early years...
, Thomas Holtzmann, Friedhelm Kemp († 2011), Elfriede Kuzmany († 2006), Martha MödlMartha MödlMartha Mödl was a German soprano, and later a mezzo-soprano. She specialized in large dramatic roles, most notably Wagnerian roles such as Isolde, Kundry, and Brünnhilde...
(† 2001), Doris SchadeDoris SchadeDoris Schade is a German television actress.-Selected filmography:* 1979: Derrick - Season 6, Episode 2: "Anschlag auf Bruno"* 1981: Die bleierne Zeit...
, Wieland Schmied, Gisela SteinGisela Stein-Biography:Stein was born in Swinemünde and educated at the Wiesbaden actors school. She began her stage career in Koblenz, Krefeld-Mönchengladbach and Essen with Erwin Piscator. In 1960 Stein moved to Berlin, where she worked for the next 19 years. Stein appeared also at the Schauspielhaus...
(† 2009)
- Science: Knut Borchardt, Wolfgang Frühwald, Regine Kahmann, Arnulf Schlüter († 2011), Harald Weinrich
- 2001
- Science: Adolf Birkhofer, Hans Blömer, Eva-Bettina Bröcker, Franz Mayinger, Klaus Pinkau, Hubert Ziegler († 2009)
- Art: Dieter DornDieter DornDieter Dorn is a German theatre director, also for the opera, the manager of the Münchner Kammerspiele from 1983 to 2001 and now manager of the Bavarian Staatsschauspiel.- Biography :...
, Reiner KunzeReiner KunzeReiner Kunze is a German writer and GDR dissident. He studied media and journalism at the University of Leipzig. In 1968, he left the GDR state party SED following the communist Warsaw Pact countries invasion of Czechoslovakia in response to the Prague Spring. He had to publish his work under...
, Waltraud MeierWaltraud MeierWaltraud Meier is a Grammy Award–winning German dramatic soprano and mezzo-soprano singer. She is particularly known for her Wagnerian roles as Kundry, Isolde, Ortrud, Venus and Sieglinde, but has also had success in the French and Italian repertoire appearing as Eboli, Amneris, Carmen and Santuzza...
, Anne-Sophie MutterAnne-Sophie MutterAnne-Sophie Mutter is a German violinist.- Early life :Mutter was born in Rheinfelden, Germany. She began playing the piano at age five, and shortly afterwards took up the violin, studying with Erna Honigberger, a pupil of Carl Flesch...
, Robert SpaemannRobert SpaemannRobert Spaemann is arguably the foremost Roman Catholic philosopher in Germany today.Spaemann's focus is on Christian ethics. He is known for his work in bioethics, ecology, and human rights...
, Ruth ZechlinRuth ZechlinRuth Zechlin née Oschatz was a German composer.-Life:Ruth Zechlin was born Ruth Oschatz in Grosshartmannsdorf, Germany. She began piano lessons at five years old, and wrote her first composition at the age of seven...
(† 2007)
- 2003
- Science: Eugen Biser, Theodor Hänsch, Berthold HölldoblerBert HölldoblerBert Hölldobler is a German behavioral biologist and Sociobiologist whose primary study subjects are social insects and in particular ants. He is a co-winner of the Pulitzer Prize for his work on The Ants with Edward O. Wilson...
, Elke Lütjen-Drecoll, Trutz Rendtorff, Albrecht Struppler († 2009) - Art: Hans-Busso von Busse († 2009), Ruth DrexelRuth DrexelRuth Drexel was a German actress, director, and theatre director/manager. Her best-known role was as "Resi Berghammer" in the German television series,...
(† 2009), Aribert ReimannAribert ReimannAribert Reimann is a German opera composer, pianist and accompanist, known especially for his literary operas. His version of King Lear was written at the suggestion of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau who sang the title role....
, Horst SteinHorst SteinHorst Walter Stein was a German conductor.- Biography :...
(† 2008)
- Science: Eugen Biser, Theodor Hänsch, Berthold Hölldobler
- 2006
- Science: Heinz Billing, Claus-Wilhelm Canaris, Dieter HenrichDieter HenrichDieter Henrich is a German philosopher. A contemporary thinker in the tradition of German Idealism, Henrich is particularly known for the influence of Kant, Hegel and Fichte in his work.-Life:...
, Volker ter Meulen, Maria-Elisabeth Michel-Beyerle, Dieter Seitzer - Art: Cornelia FroboessCornelia FroboessCornelia Froboess is a German actress and a teen idol of the 1950s and early 1960s. During that time, Froboess appeared in many musical films, especially after the rock and roll wave had hit Germany...
, Kurt MollKurt MollKurt Moll is a German operatic bass, now retired.-Biography:Moll was born in Buir, near Cologne, Germany. As a child, he played the cello and hoped to become a great cellist. He also sang in the school choir, and the conductor encouraged him to concentrate on singing...
, Jürgen Rose
- Science: Heinz Billing, Claus-Wilhelm Canaris, Dieter Henrich
- 2008
- Science: Laetitia Boehm, Walter Neupert, Hans-Werner SinnHans-Werner SinnHans-Werner Sinn is a German economist and President of the Ifo Institute for Economic Research.- Education and career :...
, Paul Zanker - Art: Reinhold Baumstark, Sir Peter JonasPeter Jonas (director)Sir Peter Jonas, CBE, FRCM, FRNCM, FRSA, b.14 October 1946, is a British Arts Administrator and opera company director.-Career:Jonas studied at Worth School, and took an English Literature degree at the University of Sussex...
, Zubin MehtaZubin MehtaZubin Mehta is an Indian conductor of western classical music. He is the Music Director for Life of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra.-Biography:...
- Science: Laetitia Boehm, Walter Neupert, Hans-Werner Sinn
- 2010
- Science: Gisela AntonGisela AntonGisela Anton is a German physicist.-Life:Gisela Anton began studying physics in Bonn in 1973. In 1975, she entered and won the Young Scientists' Award . At this competition she met Frank Anton, whom she married in 1979. After earning her Ph.D...
, Harald zur HausenHarald zur HausenHarald zur Hausen is a German virologist and professor emeritus. He has done research on cancer of the cervix, where he discovered the role of papilloma viruses, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008.-Biography:Zur Hausen was born in Gelsenkirchen, Germany, went to...
, Joachim MilbergJoachim MilbergJoachim Milberg is a German Professor of Production Engineering and past CEO of BMW AG. He is now Chairman of the Supervisory Board of BMW AG....
, Reinhard Rummel, Hubert Schmidbaur, Markus Schwaiger, Anna-Elisabeth Trappe - Art: Diana DamrauDiana DamrauDiana Damrau is a German lyric coloratura soprano of the operatic stage.-Biography:Diana Damrau was born in 1971 in Günzburg, Bavaria, Germany, and began her operatic studies with Carmen Hanganu at the Musikhochschule in Würzburg. After graduating from music conservatory she worked in Salzburg...
, Wilfried Hiller, Mariss JansonsMariss JansonsMariss Ivars Georgs Jansons is a Latvian conductor, the son of conductor Arvīds Jansons. His mother, the singer Iraida Jansons, who was Jewish, gave birth to him in hiding in Riga, Latvia, after her father and brother were killed in the Riga Ghetto...
, Otfried PreußlerOtfried PreußlerOtfried Preußler is a German children's books author. His best-known works are The Robber Hotzenplotz and The Satanic Mill ....
, Klaus Schultz
- Science: Gisela Anton