Miangul Aurangzeb
Encyclopedia
Miangul Aurangzeb, the last Wali Ahad (Crown Prince) of Swat State
, was born May 28, 1928 in Saidu Sharif
. He has served in the National Assembly of Pakistan
as well as the Governor of Balochistan
and later as Governor
of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Miangul Aurangzeb was the heir apparent Wali Ahad to his father, Miangul Jahan Zeb
the last Wali of Swat State.
His wife, Begum Nasim Aurangzeb, was the daughter of Pakistan's first military dictator, General Ayub Khan
, and accompanied her father on state visits since her mother kept purdah
. His children are Ishrat Aurangzeb, who is married to Nawabzada Khwaja Amanullah Askari, son of Nawab Khwaja Hasan Askari the Nawab
of Dhaka
, Bangladesh
see Dhaka Nawab Family
, Fakhri Aurangzeb, who is married to Miangul Akbar Zeb
(High Commissioner
of Pakistan to Canada
), son of Miangul Alam Zeb (brother of Miangul Aurangzeb), Crown Prince Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
, Miangul Mahmood Aurangzeb and Miangul Hassan Aurangzeb.
and The Doon School
in Dehradun
. He then attended St Stephen's College Delhi
.
, Kakul in 1948. he was commissioned into the Guides Cavalry (11 Cavalry FF) of the Frontier Force Regiment
.
During his service in the Pakistan Army
, he passed the Junior Officer's Course, the Advanced Infantry Course (Quetta) and the Junior Officer Leadership and Weapons Course (Nowshera). His achievements led to his selection as ADC (Aide de Camp) to the Army Commander in Chief General Ayub Khan.
In 1955, he married Ms. Nasim Ayub Khan, the daughter of General Ayub Khan, and also resigned his commission.
Assembly from 1956 - May 1958, when he was nominated to the National Assembly of Pakistan
.
After the imposition of Martial Law in 1958, all legislative bodies were dissolved, and civilian rule did not return until 1962. Miangul Aurangzeb was nominated to the National Assembly in 1962, and re-nominated in 1965.
After the resignation of President Ayub Khan in 1969, the Government of Pakistan under President Yahya Khan
took over the administration of all the remaining princely states including Swat.
In 1970 the first ever one man one vote general elections were held in Pakistan, and marked a new chapter for the former ruling family of Swat. Miangul Aurangzeb was elected on a Muslim League
platform, defeating a strong candidate of the National Awami Party
.
He was reelected in the March 1977 general elections as a Pakistan National Alliance
candidate (anti-Bhutto) despite widespread rigging by the rival Pakistan Peoples Party
candidate.
Due to his opposition to the government of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
, Miangul Aurangzeb supported the military government of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
, and from 1981 served as a member of the nominated Majlis i Shoora (Federal Council).
In March 1985 general elections were held on a non-party basis, and Miangul Aurangzeb was again elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan
.
Following the tumultuous events of 1988, party based democracy returned to Pakistan and general elections were once again held in November 1988. Miangul Aurangzeb, contesting on from the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
platform was defeated by his cousin and son-in-law Shahzada Aman i Room, the candidate of the Pakistan Peoples Party
.
Again in October 1990, Miangul Aurangzeb contesting as an independent candidate faced defeat, this time at the hands of his former allies, the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad.
However, he bounced back in the October 1993 general elections to regain his seat, and continued to hold it at the February 1997 general elections.
In April 1997, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed him as Governor of Balochistan
, and Miangul Aurangzeb resigned from the National Assembly. The subsequent by-election resulted in the victory of his son Engineer Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
.
In August 1999, Miangul Aurangzeb was appointed as the Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and served until the military takeover by General Pervez Musharraf
on October 24, 1999.
Miangul Aurangzeb did not contest the 2002 general elections and has retired from electoral politics, passing the torch to the next generation of his family. He remains active in the leadership of the Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz.
As a result of death threats from and loss of security in Swat to the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
under Maulana Fazlullah
Aurangzeb spent an extended period of time at his house in Islamabad. With the return of stability in the area Aurangzeb has resumed living at the family compound in Saidu Sharif.
State of Swat
Swat was a province of the Mughal Empire ruled by local rulers known as the Akhwands, then until 1947 a princely state of the British Indian Empire, which was dissolved in 1947, when the Akhwand acceded to Pakistan...
, was born May 28, 1928 in Saidu Sharif
Saidu Sharif
-Saidu Sharif:Saidu Sharif is the capital city of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°45'0N 72°21'0E with an altitude of 939 metres Saidu sharif is traditional seat of government, remains the administrative headquarters of Malakand division .Saidu...
. He has served in the National Assembly of Pakistan
National Assembly of Pakistan
The National Assembly of Pakistan is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also compromises the President of Pakistan and Senate . The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad...
as well as the Governor of Balochistan
Governor of Balochistan
The Governor of Balochistan is the appointed Head of State of the provincial government in Balochistan, Pakistan. The governor is designated by the Prime Minister and is normally regarded a ceremonial post...
and later as Governor
Governor
A governor is a governing official, usually the executive of a non-sovereign level of government, ranking under the head of state...
of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Miangul Aurangzeb was the heir apparent Wali Ahad to his father, Miangul Jahan Zeb
Miangul Jahan Zeb
Miangul Jahan Zeb formally Miangul Abdul-Haqq Jahan Zeb was a father of five, ruler of the princely state of Swat currently part of Pakistan and formally titled the Wāli. He served as the Wāli of Swat between 1949 and 1969, taking over from his father, Miangul Abdul Wadud...
the last Wali of Swat State.
His wife, Begum Nasim Aurangzeb, was the daughter of Pakistan's first military dictator, General Ayub Khan
Ayub Khan
Muhammad Ayub Khan , N.Pk., H.Pk., HJ, psc, was a 5-star General and self-appointed Field Marshal in the Pakistan Army and the first military dictator, and Chief Martial Law Administrator of Pakistan...
, and accompanied her father on state visits since her mother kept purdah
Purdah
Purdah or pardeh is the practice of concealing women from men. According to one definition:This takes two forms: physical segregation of the sexes, and the requirement for women to cover their bodies and conceal their form....
. His children are Ishrat Aurangzeb, who is married to Nawabzada Khwaja Amanullah Askari, son of Nawab Khwaja Hasan Askari the Nawab
Nawab
A Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....
of Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 15 million in 2010, making it the largest city...
, Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
see Dhaka Nawab Family
Dhaka Nawab family
Dhaka Nawab Family reigned in Dhaka from mid 19th century to mid 20th century, after the fall of the Naib Nazims. The hereditary title of Nawab, similar to the British peerage, was conferred upon the head of the Family by the British Raj as a recognition of their loyalty in the time of the Sepoy...
, Fakhri Aurangzeb, who is married to Miangul Akbar Zeb
Miangul Akbar Zeb
Miangul Akbar Zeb is a Pakistani diplomat and is currently Pakistan's high commissioner to Canada.- References :...
(High Commissioner
High Commissioner
High Commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.The English term is also used to render various equivalent titles in other languages.-Bilateral diplomacy:...
of Pakistan to Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
), son of Miangul Alam Zeb (brother of Miangul Aurangzeb), Crown Prince Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb is the heir apparent to the pretendership of the former Swat princely state. He is the son of Miangul Aurangzeb and grandson of Miangul Jahan Zeb the last royal ruler of Swat.-Education:...
, Miangul Mahmood Aurangzeb and Miangul Hassan Aurangzeb.
Early life
He received his initial schooling at Wadoodia High School, Saidu Sharif before moving to the Welham Boys' SchoolWelham Boys' School
Welham Boys School is a boarding school in India. Nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas over an area of , the school lies amidst the hills and rivers of the Dehra Dun. Students from many parts of the sub-continent and beyond attend the school...
and The Doon School
The Doon School
The Doon School is an independent school located in Dehradun in the state of Uttarakhand in India. Established in 1935, it was founded by Satish Ranjan Das. Its first Headmaster was Arthur E...
in Dehradun
Dehradun
- Geography :The Dehradun district has various types of physical geography from Himalayan mountains to Plains. Raiwala is the lowest point at 315 meters above sea level, and the highest points are within the Tiuni hills, rising to 3700 m above sea level...
. He then attended St Stephen's College Delhi
Delhi
Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...
.
Army career
Following the independence of Pakistan, Miangul Aurangzeb enrolled at the Pakistan Military AcademyPakistan Military Academy
The Pakistan Military Academy is a four-year coeducational federal service military academy. It is located at Kakul near Abbottabad in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan....
, Kakul in 1948. he was commissioned into the Guides Cavalry (11 Cavalry FF) of the Frontier Force Regiment
Frontier Force Regiment
For Pakistan's Border Guard see: Frontier CorpsThe Frontier Force Regiment is one of six Infantry regiments in the Pakistan Army. At present, the regiment consists of 67 battalions and has its regimental depot at Abbottabad in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. For that reason Abbottabad is also known as Home of...
.
During his service in the Pakistan Army
Pakistan Army
The Pakistan Army is the branch of the Pakistani Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. The Pakistan Army came into existence after the Partition of India and the resulting independence of Pakistan in 1947. It is currently headed by General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani. The Pakistan...
, he passed the Junior Officer's Course, the Advanced Infantry Course (Quetta) and the Junior Officer Leadership and Weapons Course (Nowshera). His achievements led to his selection as ADC (Aide de Camp) to the Army Commander in Chief General Ayub Khan.
In 1955, he married Ms. Nasim Ayub Khan, the daughter of General Ayub Khan, and also resigned his commission.
Public Life
Miangul Aurangzeb represented Swat State in the West PakistanWest Pakistan
West Pakistan , common name West-Pakistan , in the period between its establishment on 22 November 1955 to disintegration on December 16, 1971. This period, during which, Pakistan was divided, ended when East-Pakistan was disintegrated and succeeded to become which is now what is known as Bangladesh...
Assembly from 1956 - May 1958, when he was nominated to the National Assembly of Pakistan
National Assembly of Pakistan
The National Assembly of Pakistan is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also compromises the President of Pakistan and Senate . The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad...
.
After the imposition of Martial Law in 1958, all legislative bodies were dissolved, and civilian rule did not return until 1962. Miangul Aurangzeb was nominated to the National Assembly in 1962, and re-nominated in 1965.
After the resignation of President Ayub Khan in 1969, the Government of Pakistan under President Yahya Khan
Yahya Khan
General Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan Qizilbash, H.Pk, HJ, S.Pk, psc was the third President of Pakistan from 1969 to 1971, following the resignation of Ayub Khan...
took over the administration of all the remaining princely states including Swat.
In 1970 the first ever one man one vote general elections were held in Pakistan, and marked a new chapter for the former ruling family of Swat. Miangul Aurangzeb was elected on a Muslim League
Pakistan Muslim League
The Pakistan Muslim League was founded in 1962, as a successor to the previously disbanded Muslim League in Pakistan. Unlike the original PML which ended in 1958 when General Ayub Khan banned all political parties, each subsequent Muslim League was in some way propped by the military dictators of...
platform, defeating a strong candidate of the National Awami Party
National Awami Party
The National Awami Party was a leftist political party in Pakistan. The party was founded in Dhaka in erstwhile East Pakistan in July 1957 through the merger of several leftist and progressive groups. It advocated provincial autonomy, rights on the basis of ethnicity, recognition of ethinicities...
.
He was reelected in the March 1977 general elections as a Pakistan National Alliance
Pakistan National Alliance
The Pakistan National Alliance was a nine-party alliance in Pakistan, formed in 1977 in which the alliance agreed to run as a single bloc to overthrow the rule of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected leader of that country. It was a major and largest alliance formed against...
candidate (anti-Bhutto) despite widespread rigging by the rival Pakistan Peoples Party
Pakistan Peoples Party
The Pakistan Peoples Party , is a democratic socialist political party in Pakistan affiliated with Socialist International. Pakistan People's Party is the largest political party of Pakistan...
candidate.
Due to his opposition to the government of Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that, 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973. Bhutto was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party — the largest and most influential political party in Pakistan— and served as its chairman until his...
, Miangul Aurangzeb supported the military government of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq , was the 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988...
, and from 1981 served as a member of the nominated Majlis i Shoora (Federal Council).
In March 1985 general elections were held on a non-party basis, and Miangul Aurangzeb was again elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan
National Assembly of Pakistan
The National Assembly of Pakistan is the lower house of the bicameral Majlis-e-Shura, which also compromises the President of Pakistan and Senate . The National Assembly and the Senate both convene at Parliament House in Islamabad...
.
Following the tumultuous events of 1988, party based democracy returned to Pakistan and general elections were once again held in November 1988. Miangul Aurangzeb, contesting on from the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
Islami Jamhoori Ittehad or Islamic Democratic Alliance was formed in September 1988 to oppose the Pakistan Peoples Party in elections that year...
platform was defeated by his cousin and son-in-law Shahzada Aman i Room, the candidate of the Pakistan Peoples Party
Pakistan Peoples Party
The Pakistan Peoples Party , is a democratic socialist political party in Pakistan affiliated with Socialist International. Pakistan People's Party is the largest political party of Pakistan...
.
Again in October 1990, Miangul Aurangzeb contesting as an independent candidate faced defeat, this time at the hands of his former allies, the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad.
However, he bounced back in the October 1993 general elections to regain his seat, and continued to hold it at the February 1997 general elections.
In April 1997, Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed him as Governor of Balochistan
Balochistan (Pakistan)
Balochistan is one of the four provinces or federating units of Pakistan. With an area of 134,051 mi2 or , it is the largest province of Pakistan, constituting approximately 44% of the total land mass of Pakistan. According to the 1998 population census, Balochistan had a population of...
, and Miangul Aurangzeb resigned from the National Assembly. The subsequent by-election resulted in the victory of his son Engineer Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb is the heir apparent to the pretendership of the former Swat princely state. He is the son of Miangul Aurangzeb and grandson of Miangul Jahan Zeb the last royal ruler of Swat.-Education:...
.
In August 1999, Miangul Aurangzeb was appointed as the Governor of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and served until the military takeover by General Pervez Musharraf
Pervez Musharraf
Pervez Musharraf , is a retired four-star general who served as the 13th Chief of Army Staff and tenth President of Pakistan as well as tenth Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee. Musharraf headed and led an administrative military government from October 1999 till August 2007. He ruled...
on October 24, 1999.
Miangul Aurangzeb did not contest the 2002 general elections and has retired from electoral politics, passing the torch to the next generation of his family. He remains active in the leadership of the Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz.
As a result of death threats from and loss of security in Swat to the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi
Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi is a Pakistani militant group whose objective is to enforce Sharia law in the country. The rebel group took over much of Swat in 2007...
under Maulana Fazlullah
Maulana Fazlullah
Maulana Fazlullah, nicknamed the "Radio Mullah" or "Mullah Radio", is the leader of Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi , a banned Pakistani Islamic fundamentalist militant group allied to the Pakistani Taliban, that aims to enforce Sharia in the country...
Aurangzeb spent an extended period of time at his house in Islamabad. With the return of stability in the area Aurangzeb has resumed living at the family compound in Saidu Sharif.