Military of Serbia and Montenegro
Encyclopedia
The Military of Serbia and Montenegro (1992-2006) (Serbian
: Vojska Srbije i Crna Gore, VSCG; Војска Србије и Црне Горе, ВСЦГ) were the armed forces of the Serbia and Montenegro
. The military included ground forces with internal and border troops, naval forces
, air and air defense forces
, and civil defense
.
Preceding the VSCG was the Military of Yugoslavia (Serbian
: Vojska Jugoslavije, VJ; Војска Југославије, ВЈ) from the remnants of the Yugoslav People's Army
(JNA), the military of SFR Yugoslavia. The state, then named "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", participated in the Yugoslav Wars, but with limited direct intervention of its own armed forces. Following the end of the Wars and the constitutional reforms of 2003 by which the state was renamed "Serbia and Montenegro", the military accordingly changed its name to "Military of Serbia and Montenegro". The military was heavily involved in combating the separatist Kosovo Liberation Army
and Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac
during the Kosovo War
and Preševo Valley conflict, and also engaged NATO airplanes during the 1999 NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Upon the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro with the Montenegrin independence referendum of 2006
, a fraction of the joint military was given to Montenegro, with the bulk of the force remaining in Serbia
.
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;" width="150px"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service 1998
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service 2003
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes
|-----
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed
|| || Fighter
Trainer
Recon || MiG-21 Bis
MiG-21 UM
MiG-21 MF/R || 54
8
2/4 || 26
6
1 ||
|-----
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Fulcrum || || Fighter
Trainer || MiG-29A
MiG-29UB || 14
2|| 4
1 ||
|-----
| SOKO J-22 Orao ||
SFR Yugoslavia || Ground Attack
Trainer
Rece
Rece-Trainer || J-22
NJ-22
IJ-22
INJ-22 || 35
10
~10
2 || 16
7
8
2 ||
|-----
| SOKO G-2 Galeb || SFR Yugoslavia || Fighter Bomber & Trainer || G-2š || <20 || 1 ||
|-----
| SOKO G-4 Super Galeb
|| SFR Yugoslavia || Fighter Bomber & Trainer
Unarmed Trainer
Target puller
Prototyp || G-4
G-4š
G-4t
G-4M || 48
8
4
1 || 23
8
2
1 ||
|-----1
|-----
| Antonov An-2 Colt
|| || Cargo Aircraft || An-2TD || 4 || 1 ||
|-----
| Antonov An-26 Curl
|| || Cargo Aircraft || An-26B || 12 || 2(6) ||
|-----
| Yakovlev Yak-40 Codling
|| || VIP Aircraft || Yak-40 || 4 || 1-2 ||
|-----
| Mil Mi-8 Hip
|| || Transport Helicopter
Multirole Helicopter|| Mi-8T || 44 || 29 ||
|-----
| Mil Mi-14 Haze
|| || Anti-Submarine Helicopter|| Mi-14PL|| 3|| 0 || All destroyed during the war in Kosovo
|-----
| Kamov Ka-25 Hormone
|| || Anti-Submarine Helicopter || Ka-25PL || 4 || 0 || 3 destroyed during the war. Last one withdrawn, now in Belgrade Aviation Museum
|-----
| Kamov Ka-28 Helix || || Anti-Submarine Helicopter || Ka-28PL || 2 || 0 || Withdrawn, now in Belgrade Aviation Museum
|-----
| Aérospatiale SA-341/-342 Gazelle
|| /
SFR Yugoslavia || Utility
Recon
Attack Helicopter
Attack helicopter || HO-42/45
HI-42 Hera
HN-42M Gama
HN-45M Gama 2 || 30
3
27
15|| 29
3
19
11 ||
The Federal Yugoslav Navy was based in the Kotor
and was largely made of vessels inherited from the SFR Yugoslav Navy. During NATO's Operation Allied Force
in 1999, the Navy took control over civilian shipping around Kotor
, despite NATO's blockade and in several actions the warships fire at NATO aircraft on their way to strike Serbian targets. The Navy claimed to have shot down three UAV
s over Boka Kotorska. The images of the remains of one of them were displayed online.
Civilians fit for military service were estimated at about 4,888,595 (2001 est.). The 2002 estimate for military expenditures as percent of GDP
was 4.6%. Significant reforms were undertaken in the military of Serbia and Montenegro. In 2002 the Serbo-Montenegrin Military force numbered around 100,000 soldiers, supported by some 450,000 reserves. The 100,000 strong Army had 1,500 main battle tanks and 687 armed infantry vehicles. The Navy had 3,500 personnel, of whom 900 were marines. The entire Navy was composed totally out of 6 submarine
s, 3 frigate
s, 41 patrol & coastal ships and 14 "other" vessels. The Air force 14,000 personnel had 192 combat aircraft and 72 armed helicopters.
Military manpower - military age: 19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 3,579,620 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 3,077,660 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 101,547 (2003 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar
figure: $954 million (2002)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP
: 4.6% (2002. est.)
. The VSCG was also part of UNAMSIL, the UN mission into Sierra Leone
.
Last chief of staff of the Military of Serbia and Montenegro was general Ljubiša Jokić
.
Serbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
: Vojska Srbije i Crna Gore, VSCG; Војска Србије и Црне Горе, ВСЦГ) were the armed forces of the Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro was a country in southeastern Europe, formed from two former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : Serbia and Montenegro. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was established in 1992 as a federation called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
. The military included ground forces with internal and border troops, naval forces
Navy
A navy is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake- or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions...
, air and air defense forces
Air force
An air force, also known in some countries as an air army, is in the broadest sense, the national military organization that primarily conducts aerial warfare. More specifically, it is the branch of a nation's armed services that is responsible for aerial warfare as distinct from an army, navy or...
, and civil defense
Civil defense
Civil defense, civil defence or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state from military attack. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, mitigation, preparation, response, or emergency evacuation, and recovery...
.
Preceding the VSCG was the Military of Yugoslavia (Serbian
Serbian language
Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
: Vojska Jugoslavije, VJ; Војска Југославије, ВЈ) from the remnants of the Yugoslav People's Army
Yugoslav People's Army
The Yugoslav People's Army , also referred to as the Yugoslav National Army , was the military of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.-Origins:The origins of the JNA can...
(JNA), the military of SFR Yugoslavia. The state, then named "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia", participated in the Yugoslav Wars, but with limited direct intervention of its own armed forces. Following the end of the Wars and the constitutional reforms of 2003 by which the state was renamed "Serbia and Montenegro", the military accordingly changed its name to "Military of Serbia and Montenegro". The military was heavily involved in combating the separatist Kosovo Liberation Army
Kosovo Liberation Army
The Kosovo Liberation Army or KLA was a Kosovar Albanian paramilitary organization which sought the separation of Kosovo from Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the 1990s....
and Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac
UCPMB
The Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac was a separatist militant group fighting for independence from the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia for the three municipalities: Preševo, Bujanovac, and Medveđa, home to most of the ethnic Albanians of Central Serbia, adjacent to Kosovo.UCPMB's...
during the Kosovo War
Kosovo War
The term Kosovo War or Kosovo conflict was two sequential, and at times parallel, armed conflicts in Kosovo province, then part of FR Yugoslav Republic of Serbia; from early 1998 to 1999, there was an armed conflict initiated by the ethnic Albanian "Kosovo Liberation Army" , who sought independence...
and Preševo Valley conflict, and also engaged NATO airplanes during the 1999 NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Upon the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro with the Montenegrin independence referendum of 2006
Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006
The Montenegrin independence referendum was a referendum on the independence of the Republic of Montenegro from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro that was held on 21 May 2006.The total turnout of the referendum was 86.5%...
, a fraction of the joint military was given to Montenegro, with the bulk of the force remaining in Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
.
Ground Forces
Armoured vehicles
- M-84M-84The M-84 is a Yugoslav 2nd generation main battle tank. The M-84 is in service in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kuwait, Slovenia and Serbia.-Development and production:...
- T-55AT-55The T-54 and T-55 tanks were a series of main battle tanks designed in the Soviet Union. The first T-54 prototype appeared in March 1945, just before the end of the Second World War. The T-54 entered full production in 1947 and became the main tank for armored units of the Soviet Army, armies of...
- M-80ABVP M-80The BVP M-80, is a Yugoslavian infantry fighting vehicle, produced in the 1980s until the Yugoslav civil wars in the 1990s.-Development:Early research and development of the M-80 began in 1969, with testing of the first completed prototype in 1974. First examples of the, BVP M-80 rolled out in 1979...
- BTR-50BTR-50The BTR-50 The BTR-50 The BTR-50 (BTR stands for Bronetransporter (БТР, Бронетранспортер, literally "armored transporter") is a Soviet amphibious armored personnel carrier (APC) based on the PT-76 light tank. The BTR-50 is tracked, unlike most in the BTR series, which are wheeled. The BTR-50...
- BRDM-2BRDM-2The BRDM-2 is an amphibious armoured patrol car used by Russia and the former Soviet Union. It was also known under designations BTR-40PB, BTR-40P-2 and GAZ 41-08...
- BOVBOV (APC)The BOV , literally "Combat Armored Vehicle", is an all-wheel drive armoured vehicle manufactured in the former Yugoslavia.-Description:The BOV has a capactiy of 10, including a driver, gunner and eight infantrymen...
Artillery
- M-46130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)The 130 mm towed field gun M-46 M1954 is a manually loaded, towed 130 mm artillery piece, manufactured in the Soviet Union in the 1950s. It was first observed by the west in 1954...
- M-56M101 howitzerThe 105 mm M2A1 howitzer was the standard light field howitzer for the United States in World War II, seeing action in both European and Pacific theaters. Entering production in 1941, it quickly entered the war against the Imperial Japanese Army in the Pacific, where it gained a reputation...
- M-84 Nora-A
- D-30
- 2S1 Gvozdika
- M-63M-63 PlamenThe M-63 "Plamen" is a Yugoslav multiple rocket launcher. Developed in 1963 and immediately accepted into the Yugoslav Peoples Army.Professor Obrad Vucurovic, Mechanical Engineering time, Chief operating officer of the Artillery department of Military Technical Institute as project manager and...
- M-77M-77 OganjThe LVRS M-77 "Oganj" is an self-propelled multiple rocket launcher made in Yugoslavia. Development started in 1968. Professor Obrad Vucurevic, Mechanical Engineer at the time, and Chief operating officer of the Artillery department of Military Technical Institute, developed and managed...
Air Defence
- Bofors 40 mm gun L/70Bofors 40 mm gunThe Bofors 40 mm gun is an anti-aircraft autocannon designed by the Swedish defence firm of Bofors Defence...
- M53/59 PragaM53/59 PragaThe M53/59 Praga is a Czechoslovak self-propelled anti-aircraft gun developed in the late 1950s. It consists of a heavily modified Praga V3S 6 wheel drive truck chassis, armed with a twin 30 mm AA autocannon mounted on the rear for which the vehicle typically carries 900 rounds of ammunition, each...
- 100-200 - SA-7Strela 2The 9K32 “Strela-2” is a man-portable, shoulder-fired, low-altitude surface-to-air missile system with a high explosive warhead and passive infrared homing guidance...
- SA-149K34 Strela-3The 9K34 Strela-3 man-portable air defence missile system was developed in the Soviet Union as a response to the poor performance of the earlier 9K32 Strela 2 system. "9K34" is its GRAU designation and its NATO reporting name is SA-14 Gremlin. The missile was largely based on the earlier Strela...
- SA-18
- SA-9
- SA-13
- SA-3S-125The Isayev S-125 Neva/Pechora Soviet surface-to-air missile system was designed to complement the S-25 and S-75. It has a shorter effective range and lower engagement altitude than either of its predecessors and also flies slower, but due to its two-stage design it is more effective against more...
- SA-6
Infantry Weapons
- CZ-99CZ-99The CZ 99 is a Semi-automatic pistol, which is produced in Zastava Arms, Serbia, first model developed in 1989. Designed with the intent to replace the Zastava M57 TT pistol as the standard issue handgun for the Yugoslavian Military and Police. The frame design was influenced by the Walther P 88...
Pistol 9 mm - M70A/M70B1Zastava M70The Zastava M70 is a 7.62mm assault rifle developed in Yugoslavia by Zastava Arms. The M70 was designed on the basis of the AKM and became the standard issue assault rifle in the Yugoslav People's Army in 1970. The M70 is air-cooled, magazine-fed, selective fire rifle...
Assault Rifles 7.62 mm - M93 Black Arrow Long Range Rifle
- BGA
- M76 7.9 mm Sniper rifle
- M72Zastava M72The Zastava M72 is a 7.62mm light machine gun developed and manufactured by Zastava Arms of Serbia, . The M72 is based on the RPK rifle from the USSR.-Overview:...
7.62 mm Machine gun - M84Zastava M84The Zastava M84 is a 7.62mm general-purpose machine gun manufactured by Zastava Arms. The M84 is based on the PK machine gun. The M84 chambers the 7.62×54mmR round. It is gas-operated, air-cooled, belt-fed and fully automatic.-M84:...
7.62 mm Machine gun - M87Zastava M87The Zastava M87 is a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun produced by the Zastava Arms works of Serbia. The M87 is a licenced copy of the Soviet NSV 12.7 mm heavy machine gun. It is intended for anti-aircraft duties, but it also used for action against ground and water targets at long...
12.7 mm Heavy Machine gun - AT-3 SaggerAT-3 SaggerThe 9K11 Malyutka is a Manual Command to Line-of-Sight wire-guided anti-tank guided missile developed in the Soviet Union. It was the first man-portable anti-tank guided missile of the Soviet Union and is probably the most widely produced ATGM of all time—with Soviet production peaking at...
- AT-4 SpigotAT-4 SpigotThe 9K111 Fagot is a SACLOS wire-guided anti-tank missile system of the Soviet Union. "9M111" is the GRAU designation of the missile. Its NATO reporting name is AT-4 Spigot.-Development:...
- M79 "Osa"M79 rocket launcherThe 90 mm M79 Manual Rocket Launcher nicknamed "Osa" is a light, reusable, and effective rocket launcher system made of fiber-reinforced plastics. It consists of the launcher, a CN-6 Sighting piece, rocket and the carrying case for the rocket. While primarily intended as an anti-tank weapon,...
90 mm - M80 "Zolja"M80 Rocket LauncherThe M80 nicknamed the "Zolja", meaning WASP in English, is a portable one-shot disposable 64 mm anti-tank weapon, designed in the former Yugoslavia...
64 mm rocket grenade launcher
Air Force
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Aircraft! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;" width="150px"|Origin
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Type
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Versions
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service 1998
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|In service 2003
! style="text-align: left; background: #aacccc;"|Notes
|-----
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 Fishbed
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21
The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 is a supersonic jet fighter aircraft, designed by the Mikoyan-Gurevich Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. It was popularly nicknamed "balalaika", from the aircraft's planform-view resemblance to the Russian stringed musical instrument or ołówek by Polish pilots due to...
|| || Fighter
Trainer
Recon || MiG-21 Bis
MiG-21 UM
MiG-21 MF/R || 54
8
2/4 || 26
6
1 ||
|-----
| Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 Fulcrum || || Fighter
Trainer || MiG-29A
MiG-29UB || 14
2|| 4
1 ||
|-----
| SOKO J-22 Orao ||
SFR Yugoslavia || Ground Attack Trainer
Rece
Rece-Trainer || J-22
NJ-22
IJ-22
INJ-22 || 35
10
~10
2 || 16
7
8
2 ||
|-----
| SOKO G-2 Galeb ||
SFR Yugoslavia || Fighter Bomber & Trainer || G-2š || <20 || 1 |||-----
| SOKO G-4 Super Galeb
G-4 Super Galeb
The Soko G-4 Super Galeb is a single engine, advanced jet trainer and light ground-attack aircraft.-Design and development:First flown on 17 July 1978, with serial production beginning in 1982, the G-4 was designed to replace the G-2 Galeb in the Yugoslav Air Force.-Operational history:The G-4 saw...
||
SFR Yugoslavia || Fighter Bomber & Trainer Unarmed Trainer
Target puller
Prototyp || G-4
G-4š
G-4t
G-4M || 48
8
4
1 || 23
8
2
1 ||
|-----1
|-----
| Antonov An-2 Colt
Antonov An-2
The Antonov An-2 is a single-engine biplane utility/agricultural aircraft designed in the USSR in 1946...
|| || Cargo Aircraft || An-2TD || 4 || 1 ||
|-----
| Antonov An-26 Curl
Antonov An-26
The Antonov An-26 is a twin-engined turboprop military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the USSR from 12 March 1968.-Development:...
|| || Cargo Aircraft || An-26B || 12 || 2(6) ||
|-----
| Yakovlev Yak-40 Codling
Yakovlev Yak-40
The Yakovlev Yak-40 is a small, three-engined airliner that is often called the first regional jet transport aircraft...
|| || VIP Aircraft || Yak-40 || 4 || 1-2 ||
|-----
| Mil Mi-8 Hip
Mil Mi-8
The Mil Mi-8 is a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter that can also act as a gunship. The Mi-8 is the world's most-produced helicopter, and is used by over 50 countries. Russia is the largest operator of the Mi-8/Mi-17 helicopter....
|| || Transport Helicopter
Multirole Helicopter|| Mi-8T || 44 || 29 ||
|-----
| Mil Mi-14 Haze
Mil Mi-14
|-See also:-External links:******...
|| || Anti-Submarine Helicopter|| Mi-14PL|| 3|| 0 || All destroyed during the war in Kosovo
|-----
| Kamov Ka-25 Hormone
Kamov Ka-25
|-See also:-Bibliography:* Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995. ISBN 1 85532 405 9-External links:* http://www.aviation.ru/Ka/#25* http://www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/ka-25.php...
|| || Anti-Submarine Helicopter || Ka-25PL || 4 || 0 || 3 destroyed during the war. Last one withdrawn, now in Belgrade Aviation Museum
|-----
| Kamov Ka-28 Helix || || Anti-Submarine Helicopter || Ka-28PL || 2 || 0 || Withdrawn, now in Belgrade Aviation Museum
|-----
| Aérospatiale SA-341/-342 Gazelle
Aérospatiale Gazelle
The Aérospatiale Gazelle is a five-seat light helicopter, powered by a single turbine engine. It was designed and manufactured in France by Sud Aviation . It was also manufactured under licence by Westland Aircraft in the United Kingdom , by SOKO in Yugoslavia and ABHCO in Egypt...
|| /
SFR Yugoslavia || Utility Recon
Attack Helicopter
Attack helicopter || HO-42/45
HI-42 Hera
HN-42M Gama
HN-45M Gama 2 || 30
3
27
15|| 29
3
19
11 ||
Navy
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
and was largely made of vessels inherited from the SFR Yugoslav Navy. During NATO's Operation Allied Force
Operation Allied Force
The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia was NATO's military operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. The strikes lasted from March 24, 1999 to June 10, 1999...
in 1999, the Navy took control over civilian shipping around Kotor
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
, despite NATO's blockade and in several actions the warships fire at NATO aircraft on their way to strike Serbian targets. The Navy claimed to have shot down three UAV
Unmanned aerial vehicle
An unmanned aerial vehicle , also known as a unmanned aircraft system , remotely piloted aircraft or unmanned aircraft, is a machine which functions either by the remote control of a navigator or pilot or autonomously, that is, as a self-directing entity...
s over Boka Kotorska. The images of the remains of one of them were displayed online.
- Koni class frigateKoni class frigateKoni class is the NATO reporting name for a anti-submarine warfare frigate built by the Soviet Union. They were known in the Soviet Union as Project 1159. 14 were built in Zelenodolsk shipyard between 1975 and 1988. They were originally intended to replace the older Riga class frigates, but were...
(2) - Kotor class frigateKotor class frigateThe Kotor class is the name for an anti-submarine warfare frigate built by the SFR Yugoslavia. It was developed on the basis of the Soviet Koni class, but with significant modifications and improvements...
(2) - Heroj class submarine (3)
- Sava class submarine (4)
- Una class submarine (5)
- Končar class guided missile gunboat (6)
- Osa class missile boatOsa class missile boatThe Project 205 Tsunami, more commonly known by their NATO reporting name Osa, are a class of missile boats developed for the Soviet Navy in the early 1960s. The Osas are probably the most numerous class of missile boats ever built, with over 400 vessels constructed for both the Soviet Navy and for...
(10) - Jadran sailboat
- Neštin class minesweeper (7)
- Kozara river ship
Operational experience
-
- War with Albanian guerrilla groups (1998-1999)
- Attack on PrekazAttack on PrekazThe Attack on Prekaz was an operation led by the Serbian police Anti-terrorist Unit, launched on March 5, 1998...
- Battle of KošareBattle of KošareThe Battle of Košare was fought during the Kosovo war between the military forces of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on one side and the KLA. The battle was fought around Rasa Koshares on the border between FR Yugoslavia and Albania from 9 April until 10 June during the NATO bombing of FR...
- Attack on Prekaz
- War with NATO (1999)
- Presevo Valley Conflict (2001)
- War with Albanian guerrilla groups (1998-1999)
Statistics prior to split
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product refers to the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living....
was 4.6%. Significant reforms were undertaken in the military of Serbia and Montenegro. In 2002 the Serbo-Montenegrin Military force numbered around 100,000 soldiers, supported by some 450,000 reserves. The 100,000 strong Army had 1,500 main battle tanks and 687 armed infantry vehicles. The Navy had 3,500 personnel, of whom 900 were marines. The entire Navy was composed totally out of 6 submarine
Submarine
A submarine is a watercraft capable of independent operation below the surface of the water. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability...
s, 3 frigate
Frigate
A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
s, 41 patrol & coastal ships and 14 "other" vessels. The Air force 14,000 personnel had 192 combat aircraft and 72 armed helicopters.
Military branches
- Army (Kopnena vojska - KoV VSCG)
- Air Force and Air Defense (Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdušna odbrana - RV i PVO VSCG)
- Navy (Ratna Mornarica - RM VSCG)
Military manpower - military age: 19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 3,579,620 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 3,077,660 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 101,547 (2003 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar
Dollar
The dollar is the name of the official currency of many countries, including Australia, Belize, Canada, Ecuador, El Salvador, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States.-Etymology:...
figure: $954 million (2002)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product refers to the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living....
: 4.6% (2002. est.)
International Deployment
The VSCG was part of MONUC, the UN mission in the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...
. The VSCG was also part of UNAMSIL, the UN mission into Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone , officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has an estimated population between 5.4 and 6.4...
.
Last chief of staff of the Military of Serbia and Montenegro was general Ljubiša Jokić
Ljubiša Jokic
Ljubiša Jokić is a former general in the Military of Serbia and Montenegro.He was born in Plav, Yugoslavia, now Montenegro. He finished Air force academy and other army schools...
.
External links
- Serbian and Montenegrin Armed Forces / Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore - VSCG
- Army of Yugoslavia / Vojska Jugoslavije
- The Great Secret of Serbian Military Affair, which covers the time when Serbia and Montenegro was in the state union
- Encyclopedia of the Nations