Minuscule 2
Encyclopedia
Codex Basiliensis A. N. IV. 1, known as Minuscule 2 (on the Gregory-Aland), ε 1214 (in Soden's numbering). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, dated palaeographically
to the 11th or 12th century. It was used by Erasmus in his edition of Greek text of the New Testament and became the basis for the Textus Receptus
in the Gospels. The manuscript has complex contents.
s on 248 parchment leaves with size (text only ). The text is written in 1 column per page, 20 lines per page, in minuscule letters and contains ornaments in colour, the initial letters in red.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin (not in John), and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections. Matthew is divided into 359, Mark – 240, Luke – 342, and John into 231 Ammonian Sections (common accepted number of the Ammonian Sections: 355, 235, 343, 232). There is no references to the Eusebian Canons.
The tables of the (tables of contents) are place before each Gospel and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel. Some leaves of the codex were lost, but the text of the Gospels has survived in complete condition.
The text is not very good and has numerous errors.
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
. Aland
placed it in Category V. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Family Kx
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed Byzantine text in Luke 1
. In Luke 10 and Luke 20 it represents Kx.
In Luke 6:28 it lacks phrase . It was added by one of correctors in the lower margin.
In John 8:6 it used textual variant μη προσποιουμενος, erased by corrector. Τhis variant have also the manuscripts 07, 011
, 017
, 028
, 041
, and majority of the Byzantine manuscripts. It is not included by the manuscripts 021
, 028
, 030
, 036
, 045
, 047
, 7
, 8
, 9
, 196
, 461c2, 1203, 1216, 1243, 1514, ℓ 663. Erasmus did not use this phrase in his Novum Testamentum
.
The early story of the manuscript and its provenance is unknown. The codex was bought by monks at Basle for two Rhenish florins. Since 1559 it was held in the University of Basel
. Its later story is the same as that of Codex Basilensis and Codex Basilensis A. N. IV. 2.
Desiderius Erasmus
received this codex from the Dominican
monks at the Basel, and chiefly used as the basis for the first edition of his Novum Testamentum
(1516), with press corrections by his hand, and barbarously scored with red chalk to suit his pages.
Robert Estienne
did not use this manuscript in his Editio Regia
(1550), but based on Erasmian text. In result its readings became a basis for the Textus Receptus
.
Martin Crusius used this manuscript in 1577. The manuscript was examined by Bengel
(codex β), Wettstein
, Burgon, Hoskier
, Gregory. According to Bruce M. Metzger it is one of the inferior manuscripts used by Erasmus. Wettstein gave for it number 2 on his list. This siglum is still in using.
It was cited in 27 edition of Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece
only once (1 Cor 11:23).
The codex is located now at the Basel University Library
(A.N. IV. 1) at Basel
.
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 11th or 12th century. It was used by Erasmus in his edition of Greek text of the New Testament and became the basis for the Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
in the Gospels. The manuscript has complex contents.
Description
The codex contains a complete text of the four GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 248 parchment leaves with size (text only ). The text is written in 1 column per page, 20 lines per page, in minuscule letters and contains ornaments in colour, the initial letters in red.
The text is divided according to the (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin (not in John), and their (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections. Matthew is divided into 359, Mark – 240, Luke – 342, and John into 231 Ammonian Sections (common accepted number of the Ammonian Sections: 355, 235, 343, 232). There is no references to the Eusebian Canons.
The tables of the (tables of contents) are place before each Gospel and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel. Some leaves of the codex were lost, but the text of the Gospels has survived in complete condition.
The text is not very good and has numerous errors.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Family Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
. According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed Byzantine text in Luke 1
Luke 1
Luke 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It describes the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. It is written to Theophilus, who could be a real person or could simply mean a fellow Christian as theo philus is Greek for God lover...
. In Luke 10 and Luke 20 it represents Kx.
In Luke 6:28 it lacks phrase . It was added by one of correctors in the lower margin.
In John 8:6 it used textual variant μη προσποιουμενος, erased by corrector. Τhis variant have also the manuscripts 07, 011
Codex Seidelianus I
Codex Seidelianus I, designated by siglum Ge or 011 , ε 87 is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century . The codex contains 252 parchment leaves...
, 017
Codex Cyprius
Codex Cyprius, designated by Ke or 017 , ε 71 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the four Gospels, on parchment. It was variously dated in the past , currently it is dated to the 9th century. It was brought from Cyprus to Paris...
, 028
Codex Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus, designated by S or 028 , ε 1027 , formerly called Codex Guelpherbytanus, is a Greek manuscript of the four Gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. The colophon of the codex lists the date as 949...
, 041
Codex Petropolitanus (New Testament)
Codex Petropolitanus, designated by Π or 041 , ε 73 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
, and majority of the Byzantine manuscripts. It is not included by the manuscripts 021
Codex Campianus
Codex Campianus designated by M or 021 , ε 72 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 9th century...
, 028
Codex Vaticanus 354
Codex Vaticanus, designated by S or 028 , ε 1027 , formerly called Codex Guelpherbytanus, is a Greek manuscript of the four Gospels which can be dated to a specific year instead of an estimated range. The colophon of the codex lists the date as 949...
, 030
Codex Nanianus
Codex Nanianus, designated by siglum U or 030 , ε 90 , is a Greek uncial manuscripts of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript has complex contents, with full marginalia . The codex is named after its last owner...
, 036
Codex Tischendorfianus IV
Codex Tischendorfianus IV – designated by Γ or 036 , ε 70 – is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 10th century...
, 045
Codex Athous Dionysiou
Codex Athous Dionysiou, designated by Ω or 045 , ε 61 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament...
, 047
Uncial 047
Uncial 047 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב...
, 7
Minuscule 7
Minuscule 7 ; ε 287 . It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.- Description :...
, 8
Minuscule 8
Minuscule 8 , ε 164 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It is dated palaeographically to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents. It has complex contents anbd full marginalia.- Description :The codex contains the complete text of the four Gospels, on...
, 9
Minuscule 9
Minuscule 9 , ε 279 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century, but according to the colophon it was written in the year 1167....
, 196
Minuscule 196
Minuscule 196 , Zε23 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 461c2, 1203, 1216, 1243, 1514, ℓ 663. Erasmus did not use this phrase in his Novum Testamentum
Novum Instrumentum omne
Novum Instrumentum omne was the first published New Testament in Greek . It was prepared by Desiderius Erasmus and printed by Johann Froben of Basel. Although the first printed Greek New Testament was the Complutensian Polyglot , it was the second to be published...
.
History of the codex
University of Basel
The University of Basel is located in Basel, Switzerland, and is considered to be one of leading universities in the country...
. Its later story is the same as that of Codex Basilensis and Codex Basilensis A. N. IV. 2.
Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus , known as Erasmus of Rotterdam, was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, and a theologian....
received this codex from the Dominican
Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
monks at the Basel, and chiefly used as the basis for the first edition of his Novum Testamentum
Novum Instrumentum omne
Novum Instrumentum omne was the first published New Testament in Greek . It was prepared by Desiderius Erasmus and printed by Johann Froben of Basel. Although the first printed Greek New Testament was the Complutensian Polyglot , it was the second to be published...
(1516), with press corrections by his hand, and barbarously scored with red chalk to suit his pages.
Robert Estienne
Robert Estienne
Robert I Estienne , known as Robertus Stephanus in Latin and also referred to as Robert Stephens by 18th and 19th-century English writers, was a 16th century printer and classical scholar in Paris...
did not use this manuscript in his Editio Regia
Editio Regia
Editio Regia , it is the third and the most important edition of the Greek New Testament of Robert Estienne . It is one of the most important printed editions of the Greek New Testament in history, the Textus Receptus. It was named Editio Regia because of the beautiful and elegant Greek font it...
(1550), but based on Erasmian text. In result its readings became a basis for the Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
.
Martin Crusius used this manuscript in 1577. The manuscript was examined by Bengel
Johann Albrecht Bengel
Johann Albrecht Bengel , Lutheran pietist clergyman and Greek-language scholar known for his edition of the Greek New Testament and his commentaries on it.-Life and career:Bengel was born at Winnenden in Württemberg, Germany....
(codex β), Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein
Johann Jakob Wettstein was a Swiss theologian, best known as a New Testament critic.-Youth and study:...
, Burgon, Hoskier
Herman C. Hoskier
Herman Charles Hoskier , was a biblical scholar, British textual critic, and son of a merchant banker, Herman Hoskier .Hoskier, as textual critic, supported the Byzantine text-type against the Alexandrian text-type...
, Gregory. According to Bruce M. Metzger it is one of the inferior manuscripts used by Erasmus. Wettstein gave for it number 2 on his list. This siglum is still in using.
It was cited in 27 edition of Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece
Novum Testamentum Graece
Novum Testamentum Graece is the Latin name editions of the original Greek-language version of the New Testament.The first printed edition was the Complutensian Polyglot Bible by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, printed in 1514, but not published until 1520...
only once (1 Cor 11:23).
The codex is located now at the Basel University Library
Basel University Library
The University Library of Basle is one of the biggest libraries in Switzerland. It is located at the University of Basel, at 18 – 20 Schönbeinstrasse. It is also Kantonsbibliothek of Basel-City....
(A.N. IV. 1) at Basel
Basel
Basel or Basle In the national languages of Switzerland the city is also known as Bâle , Basilea and Basilea is Switzerland's third most populous city with about 166,000 inhabitants. Located where the Swiss, French and German borders meet, Basel also has suburbs in France and Germany...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Textus ReceptusTextus ReceptusTextus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- C. C. Tarelli, Erasmus’s Manuscripts of the Gospels, JTS XLIV (1943), 155-162.
- K. W. Clark, Observations on the Erasmian Notes in Codex 2, in Studia Evangelica, ed. F.L. Cross, K. Aland, et al., T & U 73 (Berlin 1959), pp. 749–756.