Minuscule 642
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 642 α 552 (von Soden), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on paper. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Gregory
labelled it by 217a and 273p; Scrivener
labelled it by 185a and 255p.
, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles
, on 209 paper leaves (size ), with large lacunae
(Acts 2:36–3:8; 7:3–59; 12:7–25; 14:8–27; 18:20–19:12; 22:7–23:11; 1 Corinthians 8:12–9:18; 2 Corinthians 1:1–10; Ephesians 3:2-Philemon 1:24; 2 Timothy 4:12-Tit 1:6; Hebrews 7:19–9:12).
The writing is in one column per page, 22–26 lines per page. It was written by four different hands. The breathings and accents are very irregular. Some words are half-written.
N ephelkystikon is rare, and the itacisms
are pretty numerous (πνεμα for πνευμα).
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before every book, (chapters), lectionary markings, incipits, Menologion, subscriptions, and numbered at the margin.
The order of books: Acts of the Apostles
, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles
. Epistle to the Hebrews
is placed after Epistle to Philemon
.
According to the subscription at the end of the Epistle to the Romans
, the Letter was written προς Ρωμαιους εγραφη απο Κορινθου δια Φοιβης της διακονου; the same subscription have manuscripts: 42
, 90
, 216
, 339
, 462
, and 466
*;
placed in Category III, the text of the Acts and the Pauline epistles Aland placed in Category V, it means it is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
.
According to Wachtel it has between 20% and 30% non-Byzantine readings in the Catholic Epistles.
to the 14th century. The early history of the manuscript and the place of its origin is unknown.
The manuscript was brought from a Greek monastery to England by Joseph Dacre Carlyle
(1759–1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts 471
, 472
, 473
, 474
, 475
, 488
, 470
.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (185a and 255p) and Gregory (217a and 273p). Gregory saw the manuscript in 1883. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 642 to it.
The manuscript currently is housed at Lambeth Palace
(1185), at London
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on paper. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Gregory
Caspar René Gregory
Caspar René Gregory was a American-born German theologian theologian.-Life:Gregory was born in Philadelphia. He studied theology at two Presbyterian seminaries: in 1865-67 at the University of Pennsylvania and at Princeton Theological Seminary...
labelled it by 217a and 273p; Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
labelled it by 185a and 255p.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Acts of the ApostlesActs of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
, on 209 paper leaves (size ), with large lacunae
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Acts 2:36–3:8; 7:3–59; 12:7–25; 14:8–27; 18:20–19:12; 22:7–23:11; 1 Corinthians 8:12–9:18; 2 Corinthians 1:1–10; Ephesians 3:2-Philemon 1:24; 2 Timothy 4:12-Tit 1:6; Hebrews 7:19–9:12).
The writing is in one column per page, 22–26 lines per page. It was written by four different hands. The breathings and accents are very irregular. Some words are half-written.
N ephelkystikon is rare, and the itacisms
Iotacism
Iotacism is the process by which a number of vowels and diphthongs in Ancient Greek converged in pronunciation so that they all sound like iota in Modern Greek....
are pretty numerous (πνεμα for πνευμα).
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before every book, (chapters), lectionary markings, incipits, Menologion, subscriptions, and numbered at the margin.
The order of books: Acts of the Apostles
Acts of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
. Epistle to the Hebrews
Epistle to the Hebrews
The Epistle to the Hebrews is one of the books in the New Testament. Its author is not known.The primary purpose of the Letter to the Hebrews is to exhort Christians to persevere in the face of persecution. The central thought of the entire Epistle is the doctrine of the Person of Christ and his...
is placed after Epistle to Philemon
Epistle to Philemon
Paul's Epistle to Philemon, usually referred to simply as Philemon, is a prison letter to Philemon from Paul of Tarsus. Philemon was a leader in the Colossian church. This letter, which is one of the books of the New Testament, deals with forgiveness.Philemon was a wealthy Christian of the house...
.
According to the subscription at the end of the Epistle to the Romans
Epistle to the Romans
The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, often shortened to Romans, is the sixth book in the New Testament. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by the Apostle Paul to explain that Salvation is offered through the Gospel of Jesus Christ...
, the Letter was written προς Ρωμαιους εγραφη απο Κορινθου δια Φοιβης της διακονου; the same subscription have manuscripts: 42
Minuscule 42
Minuscule 42 , α107 , known as Codex Maedicaeus is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment...
, 90
Minuscule 90
Minuscule 90 , δ 652 , known as Codex Jo. Fabri, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 16th century. It has full marginalia....
, 216
Minuscule 216
Minuscule 216 , α 469 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. It is dated by a colophon to the year 1358. It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 339
Minuscule 339
Minuscule 339 , δ 303 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 13th century.It has marginalia.- Description :...
, 462
Minuscule 462
Minuscule 462 , α 359 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a paper...
, and 466
Minuscule 466
Minuscule 466 , α 167 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century...
*;
Text
The Greek text of the codex has the higher value in the Catholic epistles and much lower elsewhere. The text of the Catholic epistles Kurt AlandKurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed in Category III, the text of the Acts and the Pauline epistles Aland placed in Category V, it means it is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
.
According to Wachtel it has between 20% and 30% non-Byzantine readings in the Catholic Epistles.
History
The manuscript is dated by the INTFInstitute for New Testament Textual Research
The Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is an institute for the investigation of the text of the New Testament. The INTF was founded in Münster in 1959 by Professor Kurt Aland , the first director of the Institute...
to the 14th century. The early history of the manuscript and the place of its origin is unknown.
The manuscript was brought from a Greek monastery to England by Joseph Dacre Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle was an English orientalist, born in Carlisle, England, where his father was a physician.In 1775 he went to Cambridge, and was elected a fellow of Queens' College in 1779, taking the degree of Bachelor of Divinity in 1793...
(1759–1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts 471
Minuscule 471
Minuscule 471 , α 136 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 510...
, 472
Minuscule 472
Minuscule 472 , α 1386 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 473
Minuscule 473
Minuscule 473 , α 1390 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 512...
, 474
Minuscule 474
Minuscule 474 , α 137 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 475
Minuscule 475
Minuscule 475 , α 138 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 515...
, 488
Minuscule 488
Minuscule 488 , ε 4006 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.Scrivener labeled it by number 514....
, 470
Minuscule 470
Minuscule 470 , α 136 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509...
.
The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scrivener (185a and 255p) and Gregory (217a and 273p). Gregory saw the manuscript in 1883. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 642 to it.
The manuscript currently is housed at Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England. It is located in Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames a short distance upstream of the Palace of Westminster on the opposite shore. It was acquired by the archbishopric around 1200...
(1185), at London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- F. H. A. Scrivener, An Exact Transcript of the Codex Augiensis (Cambridge and London, 1859), pp. LIX-LXI. (as d)
External links
- Minuscule 642 (GA) at the Encyclopedia Textual Criticism