Minuscule 470
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 470 α 136 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. Palaeographically
it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509. It has marginalia
.
s on 215 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacuna
(Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in two columns per page, 23-24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 - 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers).
It contains lists of the (lists of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical service), and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel.
It was beautifully written in a clear bold hand. It has breathings and accents, tolerably but not uniformly correct. The manuscript is remarkable free from the errors of itacism
, or interchange of vowels (hiatus
).
The nomina sacra
are contracted. N ephelkystikon is not frequent. Iota adscript
um is found twice, Iota subscript
um never.
The liturgical apparatus has the larger κεφαλαια prefixed to the last three Gospels, capital letters at the commencement of the Church lessons in gold, the Ammonian Sections in the margin in red ink, and references to the Eusebian Canons in blue.
. According to Hermann von Soden it represents the Byzantine commentated text. Aland
placed it in Category V.
In the whole manuscript very few rare or noticeable readings will be found. According to Scrivener "it approaches as nearly to the received text
as many of a much lower date".
Hermann von Soden included it to the textual group Ak (subgroup of Kx
). According to Wisse in Luke 1; 10; 20 it belongs to the same textual cluster as the codex 490
.
The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) was omitted by original scribe, but was added by later hand at the end of the Gospel of John.
According to the inscription at the end (apparently in the same hand as John 7:53-8:11), it was once at Constantinople:
The manuscript was brought from the monastery in the Greek Archipelago to England by Carlyle
(1759-1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts: 206
, 471
, 472
, 473
, 474
, 475
, 488
, 642
.
The manuscript was examined and collated by J. Farrer of Carlisle in 1804, Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener
collated and edited its text in 1852.
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace
(1175) in London
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. Palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
it has been assigned to the 11th century. Scrivener labelled it number 509. It has marginalia
Marginalia
Marginalia are scribbles, comments, and illuminations in the margins of a book.- Biblical manuscripts :Biblical manuscripts have liturgical notes at the margin, for liturgical use. Numbers of texts' divisions are given at the margin...
.
Description
The codex contains the text of the GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s on 215 parchment leaves (size ), with only one lacuna
Lacuna (manuscripts)
A lacunaPlural lacunae. From Latin lacūna , diminutive form of lacus . is a gap in a manuscript, inscription, text, painting, or a musical work...
(Matthew 1:1-13). The text is written in two columns per page, 23-24 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the κεφαλαια (chapters), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the τιτλοι (titles of chapters) at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark 234 - 16:9), with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian section numbers).
It contains lists of the (lists of contents) before each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical service), and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel.
It was beautifully written in a clear bold hand. It has breathings and accents, tolerably but not uniformly correct. The manuscript is remarkable free from the errors of itacism
Iotacism
Iotacism is the process by which a number of vowels and diphthongs in Ancient Greek converged in pronunciation so that they all sound like iota in Modern Greek....
, or interchange of vowels (hiatus
Hiatus (linguistics)
In phonology, hiatus or diaeresis refers to two vowel sounds occurring in adjacent syllables, with no intervening consonant. When two adjacent vowel sounds occur in the same syllable, the result is instead described as a diphthong....
).
The nomina sacra
Nomina sacra
Nomina sacra means "sacred names" in Latin, and can be used to refer to traditions of abbreviated writing of several frequently occurring divine names or titles in early Greek language Holy Scripture...
are contracted. N ephelkystikon is not frequent. Iota adscript
Iota adscript
In Greek polytonic orthography, the iota adscript is a iota written after a long vowel in a long diphthong, as opposed to below the vowel as a small vertical stroke ....
um is found twice, Iota subscript
Iota subscript
Iota subscript in Greek polytonic orthography is a way of writing the letter iota as a small vertical stroke beneath a vowel. It was used in the so-called "long diphthongs" in Ancient Greek, that is, diphthongs the first part of which is a long vowel: and...
um never.
The liturgical apparatus has the larger κεφαλαια prefixed to the last three Gospels, capital letters at the commencement of the Church lessons in gold, the Ammonian Sections in the margin in red ink, and references to the Eusebian Canons in blue.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
. According to Hermann von Soden it represents the Byzantine commentated text. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category V.
In the whole manuscript very few rare or noticeable readings will be found. According to Scrivener "it approaches as nearly to the received text
Textus Receptus
Textus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
as many of a much lower date".
Hermann von Soden included it to the textual group Ak (subgroup of Kx
Family Kx
Family Kx is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials, and although hundreds of minuscules, no early ones.- Description :...
). According to Wisse in Luke 1; 10; 20 it belongs to the same textual cluster as the codex 490
Minuscule 490
Minuscule 490 , ε 106 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labeled it by number 574....
.
The text of the Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) was omitted by original scribe, but was added by later hand at the end of the Gospel of John.
History
Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 11th century.According to the inscription at the end (apparently in the same hand as John 7:53-8:11), it was once at Constantinople:
επακουσον ημων ο θς η ελπις παντων των περατων της γης και των εν θαλασση μακραν και ρυσαι ο θς ημων την πολιν ταυτην και χωραν των χριστιανων απο λιμου λιμου [λοιμου] σισμου καταποντισμου πυρος μαχαιρας επιστιανων αλλοφιλον πολεων δαιμων (?) ημων επακουσον και ελαιησον.
The manuscript was brought from the monastery in the Greek Archipelago to England by Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle
Joseph Dacre Carlyle was an English orientalist, born in Carlisle, England, where his father was a physician.In 1775 he went to Cambridge, and was elected a fellow of Queens' College in 1779, taking the degree of Bachelor of Divinity in 1793...
(1759-1804), professor of Arabic, along with the manuscripts: 206
Minuscule 206
Minuscule 206 , α 365 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, partly on parchment, partly on paper . Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th century.It has marginalia....
, 471
Minuscule 471
Minuscule 471 , α 136 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 510...
, 472
Minuscule 472
Minuscule 472 , α 1386 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 473
Minuscule 473
Minuscule 473 , α 1390 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 512...
, 474
Minuscule 474
Minuscule 474 , α 137 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
, 475
Minuscule 475
Minuscule 475 , α 138 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.Scrivener labelled it by number 515...
, 488
Minuscule 488
Minuscule 488 , ε 4006 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century.Scrivener labeled it by number 514....
, 642
Minuscule 642
Minuscule 642 , α 552 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on paper. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
.
The manuscript was examined and collated by J. Farrer of Carlisle in 1804, Scrivener, and C. R. Gregory (1883). Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
The Reverend Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, LL.D. was an important text critic of the New Testament and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible...
collated and edited its text in 1852.
It is currently housed at the Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England. It is located in Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames a short distance upstream of the Palace of Westminster on the opposite shore. It was acquired by the archbishopric around 1200...
(1175) in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- F. H. A. Scrivener, A Full and Exact Collation of About 20 Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels (Cambridge and London, 1852), pp. XXVI-XXVII, 1-178. (as a)