NFYC
Encyclopedia
Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit gamma is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the NFYC gene
.
that binds with high specificity to CCAAT
motifs in the promoter regions in a variety of genes. This gene product, subunit C, forms a tight dimer with the B subunit (NFYB
), a prerequisite for subunit A (NFYA
) association. The resulting trimer binds to DNA with high specificity and affinity. Subunits B and C each contain a histone
-like motif. Observation of the histone nature of these subunits is supported by two types of evidence; protein sequence alignments and experiments with mutants. Additional regulation, preliminarily supported by the EST database, may be represented by alternative splicing in this subunit.
Two microRNAs; miR-30c and miR-30e are located within intron
s of the nfyc gene. These microRNAs are actively transcribed in human insulin-producing beta cell
s in the pancreatic islets
that also show high expression of nfyc and CDH1
genes. The expression of these intronic microRNAs is essential for maintaining the differentiated phenotype of human islet beta cells. Inhibition of miR-30 family microRNAs induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition
of human pancreatic islet cells.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the NFYC gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is one subunit of a trimeric complex, forming a highly conserved transcription factorTranscription factor
In molecular biology and genetics, a transcription factor is a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences, thereby controlling the flow of genetic information from DNA to mRNA...
that binds with high specificity to CCAAT
CAAT box
In molecular biology, a CCAAT box is a distinct pattern of nucleotides with GGCCAATCT consensus sequence that occur upstream by 75-80 bases to the initial transcription site. The CAAT box signals the binding site for the RNA transcription factor, and is typically accompanied by a conserved...
motifs in the promoter regions in a variety of genes. This gene product, subunit C, forms a tight dimer with the B subunit (NFYB
NFYB
Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFYB gene.-Interactions:NFYB has been shown to interact with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta, CNTN2, TATA binding protein and Myc.-Further reading:...
), a prerequisite for subunit A (NFYA
NFYA
Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFYA gene.-Interactions:NFYA has been shown to interact with Serum response factor and ZHX1....
) association. The resulting trimer binds to DNA with high specificity and affinity. Subunits B and C each contain a histone
Histone
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and play a role in gene regulation...
-like motif. Observation of the histone nature of these subunits is supported by two types of evidence; protein sequence alignments and experiments with mutants. Additional regulation, preliminarily supported by the EST database, may be represented by alternative splicing in this subunit.
Two microRNAs; miR-30c and miR-30e are located within intron
Intron
An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is removed by RNA splicing to generate the final mature RNA product of a gene. The term intron refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene, and the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts. Sequences that are joined together in the final...
s of the nfyc gene. These microRNAs are actively transcribed in human insulin-producing beta cell
Beta cell
Beta cells are a type of cell in the pancreas located in the so-called islets of Langerhans. They make up 65-80% of the cells in the islets.-Function:...
s in the pancreatic islets
Islets of Langerhans
The islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine cells. Discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans at the age of 22, the islets of Langerhans constitute approximately 1 to 2% of the mass of the pancreas...
that also show high expression of nfyc and CDH1
CDH1 (gene)
Cadherin-1 also known as CAM 120/80 or epithelial cadherin or uvomorulin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH1 gene. CDH1 has also been designated as CD324 . It is a tumor suppressor gene.- Function :Cadherin-1 is a classical member of the cadherin superfamily...
genes. The expression of these intronic microRNAs is essential for maintaining the differentiated phenotype of human islet beta cells. Inhibition of miR-30 family microRNAs induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition or transformation is a hypothesized program of development of biological cells characterized by loss of cell adhesion, repression of E-cadherin expression, and increased cell mobility...
of human pancreatic islet cells.