Ortho Pharmaceutical
Encyclopedia
Ortho Pharmaceutical was initially formed in the United States
in 1931 as a subsidiary
of Johnson & Johnson
to market the first prescription
spermicidal contraceptive jelly
, Ortho-Gynol.
diaphragm
, and assisted in the development of the Papanicolaou smear stain to screen
for cervical cancer
.
In 1963, Ortho introduced the second oral contraceptive available in the United States (Ortho-Novum 10 and Ortho-Novum 2, produced by Syntex
).
In 1964, Ortho bought rights to and marketed the Gynekoil (Margulies Coil) and Lippes Loop inert plastic IUDs
in the United States until the mid-1970s and 1985, respectively.
In 1968, Ortho introduced RhoGAM Rho(D) immune globulin
, the first medication developed to prevent Rh
hemolytic disease of the newborn
.
In 1973, Ortho and Syntex introduced the first progestogen only pills (mini-pills) available in the United States, Mirconor and Nor-QD.
In 1982, Ortho introduced the first biphasic oral contraceptive available in the United States, Ortho-Novum 10/11.
In 1984, Ortho introduced the first triphasic oral contraceptive available in the United States, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7.
In 1989, the FDA approved Ortho Cyclen containing the first new progestin
(norgestimate
) approved in over 20 years in the United States.
In 1992, Ortho introduced Ortho Tri-Cyclen in the United States, which in 1996 became the first oral contraceptive with an FDA-approved non-contraceptive indication
(treatment of moderate acne
).
From 1995 to 2003, Ortho marketed the ParaGard
copper T-380A IUD in the United States.
In 2001, Ortho introduced the Ortho Evra transdermal
contraceptive patch
in the United States.
In 1993, Ortho Pharmaceutical merged with McNeil Pharmaceutical
in 1993 to form Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical
.
In Canada
, Ortho Products began operations in Montreal
in 1941. The company started with one product and three employees and it was one of the first companies in Canada to make oral contraceptives. Moving to Toronto
in 1944, the company outgrew a number of rented facilities until its own facilities were constructed in 1955. Continued growth required a number of plant expansions. Ortho Pharmaceutical Canada merged with McNeil Pharmaceutical
Canada in 1991, and merged with Janssen Pharmaceutica
Canada in 1995 to form Janssen-Ortho.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
in 1931 as a subsidiary
Subsidiary
A subsidiary company, subsidiary, or daughter company is a company that is completely or partly owned and wholly controlled by another company that owns more than half of the subsidiary's stock. The subsidiary can be a company, corporation, or limited liability company. In some cases it is a...
of Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson
Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1886. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is listed among the Fortune 500....
to market the first prescription
Medical prescription
A prescription is a health-care program implemented by a physician or other medical practitioner in the form of instructions that govern the plan of care for an individual patient. Prescriptions may include orders to be performed by a patient, caretaker, nurse, pharmacist or other therapist....
spermicidal contraceptive jelly
Spermicide
Spermicide is a contraceptive substance that eradicates sperm, inserted vaginally prior to intercourse to prevent pregnancy. As a contraceptive, spermicide may be used alone. However, the pregnancy rate experienced by couples using only spermicide is higher than that of couples using other methods...
, Ortho-Gynol.
History
In the 1940s, Ortho introduced the coil-springCoil spring
A Coil spring, also known as a helical spring, is a mechanical device, which is typically used to store energy and subsequently release it, to absorb shock, or to maintain a force between contacting surfaces...
diaphragm
Diaphragm (contraceptive)
The diaphragm is a cervical barrier type of birth control. It is a soft latex or silicone dome with a spring molded into the rim. The spring creates a seal against the walls of the vagina.-Use:...
, and assisted in the development of the Papanicolaou smear stain to screen
Screening (medicine)
Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to detect a disease in individuals without signs or symptoms of that disease. Unlike what generally happens in medicine, screening tests are performed on persons without any clinical sign of disease....
for cervical cancer
Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is malignant neoplasm of the cervix uteri or cervical area. One of the most common symptoms is abnormal vaginal bleeding, but in some cases there may be no obvious symptoms until the cancer is in its advanced stages...
.
In 1963, Ortho introduced the second oral contraceptive available in the United States (Ortho-Novum 10 and Ortho-Novum 2, produced by Syntex
Syntex
Laboratorios Syntex SA was a pharmaceutical company formed in Mexico City in 1944 by Russell Marker to manufacture therapeutic steroids from the Mexican yam....
).
In 1964, Ortho bought rights to and marketed the Gynekoil (Margulies Coil) and Lippes Loop inert plastic IUDs
Intrauterine device
A copper IUD is a type of intrauterine device. Most IUDs have a plastic T- or U-shaped frame which is wrapped in copper wire, with the exception of Gynefix, which is a plastic string with several copper beads, affixed to the fundus of the uterus...
in the United States until the mid-1970s and 1985, respectively.
In 1968, Ortho introduced RhoGAM Rho(D) immune globulin
Rho(D) Immune Globulin
Rho Immune Globulin is a medicine given by intramuscular injection that is used to prevent the immunological condition known as Rhesus disease...
, the first medication developed to prevent Rh
Rh disease
Rh disease is one of the causes of hemolytic disease of the newborn...
hemolytic disease of the newborn
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Hemolytic disease of the newborn, also known as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, HDN, HDFN, or erythroblastosis fetalis, is an alloimmune condition that develops in a fetus, when the IgG molecules produced by the mother pass through the placenta...
.
In 1973, Ortho and Syntex introduced the first progestogen only pills (mini-pills) available in the United States, Mirconor and Nor-QD.
In 1982, Ortho introduced the first biphasic oral contraceptive available in the United States, Ortho-Novum 10/11.
In 1984, Ortho introduced the first triphasic oral contraceptive available in the United States, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7.
In 1989, the FDA approved Ortho Cyclen containing the first new progestin
Progestin
A progestin is a synthetic progestogen that has progestinic effects similar to progesterone. The two most common uses of progestins are for hormonal contraception , and to prevent endometrial hyperplasia from unopposed estrogen in hormone replacement therapy...
(norgestimate
Norgestimate
Norgestimate is a molecule used in hormonal contraceptives.Norgestimate is a form of progesterone, which is a female hormone important for the regulation of ovulation and menstruation. Norgestimate is used with estradiol , to treat the symptoms of menopause....
) approved in over 20 years in the United States.
In 1992, Ortho introduced Ortho Tri-Cyclen in the United States, which in 1996 became the first oral contraceptive with an FDA-approved non-contraceptive indication
Indication (medicine)
In medicine, an indication is a valid reason to use a certain test, medication, procedure, or surgery. The opposite of indication is contraindication.-Drugs:...
(treatment of moderate acne
Acne vulgaris
Acne vulgaris is a common human skin disease, characterized by areas of skin with seborrhea , comedones , papules , pustules , Nodules and possibly scarring...
).
From 1995 to 2003, Ortho marketed the ParaGard
Paragard
The ParaGard T-380A is an IUD with copper, manufactured and marketed in the United States by Duramed Pharmaceuticals. It is the only copper-containing intrauterine device approved for use in the U.S....
copper T-380A IUD in the United States.
In 2001, Ortho introduced the Ortho Evra transdermal
Transdermal patch
A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. Often, this promotes healing to an injured area of the body. An advantage of a transdermal drug delivery route over other types of...
contraceptive patch
Contraceptive patch
A contraceptive patch is a transdermal patch applied to the skin that releases synthetic estrogen and progestin hormones to prevent pregnancy. They have been shown to be as effective as the combined oral contraceptive pill with perfect use, and the patch may be more effective in typical use.The...
in the United States.
In 1993, Ortho Pharmaceutical merged with McNeil Pharmaceutical
McNeil Laboratories
McNeil Consumer Healthcare is a medicals products company belonging to the Johnson & Johnson healthcare products group.-History:The company was founded on March 16, 1879 by 23-year-old Robert McNeil, who paid $167 for a drugstore complete with fixtures, inventory and soda fountain, as a retail...
in 1993 to form Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical
Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical
The company was formed from the merger of Ortho Pharmaceutical and McNeil Pharmaceutical in 1993. Both of these pharmaceutical companies are pioneers and leaders in areas such as pain management, acid reflux disease, and infectious diseases...
.
In Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, Ortho Products began operations in Montreal
Montreal
Montreal is a city in Canada. It is the largest city in the province of Quebec, the second-largest city in Canada and the seventh largest in North America...
in 1941. The company started with one product and three employees and it was one of the first companies in Canada to make oral contraceptives. Moving to Toronto
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the largest city in Canada. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A relatively modern city, Toronto's history dates back to the late-18th century, when its land was first purchased by the British monarchy from...
in 1944, the company outgrew a number of rented facilities until its own facilities were constructed in 1955. Continued growth required a number of plant expansions. Ortho Pharmaceutical Canada merged with McNeil Pharmaceutical
McNeil Laboratories
McNeil Consumer Healthcare is a medicals products company belonging to the Johnson & Johnson healthcare products group.-History:The company was founded on March 16, 1879 by 23-year-old Robert McNeil, who paid $167 for a drugstore complete with fixtures, inventory and soda fountain, as a retail...
Canada in 1991, and merged with Janssen Pharmaceutica
Janssen Pharmaceutica
Janssen Pharmaceutica is pharmaceutical company, established in Belgium in 1953 by Paul Janssen. Its headquarters are located in Beerse, in the Campine region of the province of Antwerp, Belgium. It was created not as a subsidiary of a chemical factory but solely with the aim of conducting...
Canada in 1995 to form Janssen-Ortho.
See also
- McNeil LaboratoriesMcNeil LaboratoriesMcNeil Consumer Healthcare is a medicals products company belonging to the Johnson & Johnson healthcare products group.-History:The company was founded on March 16, 1879 by 23-year-old Robert McNeil, who paid $167 for a drugstore complete with fixtures, inventory and soda fountain, as a retail...
- Ortho-McNeil PharmaceuticalOrtho-McNeil PharmaceuticalThe company was formed from the merger of Ortho Pharmaceutical and McNeil Pharmaceutical in 1993. Both of these pharmaceutical companies are pioneers and leaders in areas such as pain management, acid reflux disease, and infectious diseases...
- Janssen PharmaceuticaJanssen PharmaceuticaJanssen Pharmaceutica is pharmaceutical company, established in Belgium in 1953 by Paul Janssen. Its headquarters are located in Beerse, in the Campine region of the province of Antwerp, Belgium. It was created not as a subsidiary of a chemical factory but solely with the aim of conducting...
- CilagCilagCilag AG is a Swiss pharmaceutical company. Cilag is a subsidiary of American pharmaceutical giant Johnson & Johnson. The company's global marketing activities are operated by Janssen-Cilag, a merger with another Johnson & Johnson subsidiary, Janssen Pharmaceutica.-Company history:In 1933, Swiss...
- Janssen-CilagJanssen-CilagJanssen-Cilag is a subsidiary of the Johnson & Johnson pharmaceutical company. The company was founded in the early 1950s by a merger between Janssen Pharmaceutica and Cilag....