PKP class SM30
Encyclopedia
SM30 is a Polish
series of diesel
shunting locomotives used by PKP
and industry, built by Fablok
, Chrzanów
(factory designation Ls300E). They were also used for a local traffic.
was constructed in Fablok
, Chrzanów
in 1957. 909 items were built in 1957-1970, 302 of them found place in PKP
, the rest worked in the industry (with designations Ls300 or SM30). The locomotive was also known under its project designation 1D or early PKP designation Lwe55 (until 1960).
In the 1970s, 109 items of SM30 locomotive were modified for heating passenger wagons with 500V electric heaters, and as a result their class designation was changed to SP30
(able to pull passenger trains). Those machines stayed in regular service until late 1980s. In 2000 all of them were again, after dismounting heating systems, returned to SM30 series.
locomotive, what means it runs on two bogie
s, each equipped with two axle
s. The general construction of this engine is relatively simple. Being the pioneer machine in the Polish railway industry, it incorporated many solutions from other branches of industry. I. e. the first engine to be mounted, Wola V-300, was taken from tank
construction, main DC current alternator
was in fact stationery alternator and traction motor
s were taken from tram
s. As the first Polish locomotive with electrical transmission it proved high efficiency of that solution and was quite successful.
The locomotive frame
is constructed of steel
rolled former
s. Ball stub-axles are mounted to strend girders, that make welded
box construction. A power unit, composed of a diesel engine
and main alternator
, is mounted on parallel girders. The engine is connected to main alternator with an elastic clutch
. Four traction motor
s (two on each bogie) are mounted with a tram system. Traction motors can be powered in series connection, parallel connection and parallel connection with field reduction of 40 to 60%.
Traction motors are series devices with 60 kW hour power. Main alternator (PABOM-186a type) is a DC
machine with 600 V
and 367 A
. Its power rating whilst working with 1500 rpm. is 220 kW. During engine starting the main alternator serves as electric starter, powered from the battery
. For the purposes of enlighting the locomotive and charging batteries an additional alternator (Pw-114a type) is used.
SM30 locomotives had two types of diesel engine mounted. Wola V-300 and 2DVSa-350 (from 1962) 12-cylinder engines had powers, respectively: 300 Hp and 350 Hp. Neutral gear rotation is 600 rpm. and rated rev is 1500 rpm.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
series of diesel
Diesel locomotive
A diesel locomotive is a type of railroad locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine, a reciprocating engine operating on the Diesel cycle as invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel...
shunting locomotives used by PKP
Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
and industry, built by Fablok
Fablok
Fablok is a Polish manufacturer of steam locomotives, based in Chrzanów. Until 1947 the official name was The First Factory of Locomotives in Poland Ltd. , Fablok being a widely used syllabic abbreviation of Fabryka Lokomotyw. It is now named "BUMAR - FABLOK S.A. "...
, Chrzanów
Chrzanów
Chrzanów is a town in south Poland with 39,704 inhabitants . It is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship and is the capital of Chrzanów County.- To 1809:...
(factory designation Ls300E). They were also used for a local traffic.
History
SM30 locomotive is the first Polish diesel locomotive equipped with electrical transmission. A design was worked out by the Central Rolling Stock Industry Construction Bureau in Poznań. The prototypePrototype
A prototype is an early sample or model built to test a concept or process or to act as a thing to be replicated or learned from.The word prototype derives from the Greek πρωτότυπον , "primitive form", neutral of πρωτότυπος , "original, primitive", from πρῶτος , "first" and τύπος ,...
was constructed in Fablok
Fablok
Fablok is a Polish manufacturer of steam locomotives, based in Chrzanów. Until 1947 the official name was The First Factory of Locomotives in Poland Ltd. , Fablok being a widely used syllabic abbreviation of Fabryka Lokomotyw. It is now named "BUMAR - FABLOK S.A. "...
, Chrzanów
Chrzanów
Chrzanów is a town in south Poland with 39,704 inhabitants . It is situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship and is the capital of Chrzanów County.- To 1809:...
in 1957. 909 items were built in 1957-1970, 302 of them found place in PKP
Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
, the rest worked in the industry (with designations Ls300 or SM30). The locomotive was also known under its project designation 1D or early PKP designation Lwe55 (until 1960).
In the 1970s, 109 items of SM30 locomotive were modified for heating passenger wagons with 500V electric heaters, and as a result their class designation was changed to SP30
PKP class SP30
SP30 is a Polish series of diesel passenger locomotives used by PKP.-History:In the 1970s 107 items of SM30 class locomotives were modified to heat old passenger wagons, which were modernized with 500V electric heaters, and as a result their designation was changed to SP30...
(able to pull passenger trains). Those machines stayed in regular service until late 1980s. In 2000 all of them were again, after dismounting heating systems, returned to SM30 series.
Technical data
SM30 is a Bo-BoBo-Bo
A Bo-Bo or Bo′Bo′ is a locomotive with two independent four-wheeled bogies with all axles powered by individual traction motors...
locomotive, what means it runs on two bogie
Bogie
A bogie is a wheeled wagon or trolley. In mechanics terms, a bogie is a chassis or framework carrying wheels, attached to a vehicle. It can be fixed in place, as on a cargo truck, mounted on a swivel, as on a railway carriage/car or locomotive, or sprung as in the suspension of a caterpillar...
s, each equipped with two axle
Axle
An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to its surroundings, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle...
s. The general construction of this engine is relatively simple. Being the pioneer machine in the Polish railway industry, it incorporated many solutions from other branches of industry. I. e. the first engine to be mounted, Wola V-300, was taken from tank
Tank
A tank is a tracked, armoured fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mobility, tactical offensive, and defensive capabilities...
construction, main DC current alternator
Alternator
An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current.Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field but linear alternators are occasionally used...
was in fact stationery alternator and traction motor
Traction motor
Traction motor refers to an electric motor providing the primary rotational torque of a machine, usually for conversion into linear motion ....
s were taken from tram
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...
s. As the first Polish locomotive with electrical transmission it proved high efficiency of that solution and was quite successful.
The locomotive frame
Locomotive frame
A locomotive frame is the structure that forms the backbone of the railway locomotive, giving it strength and supporting the superstructure elements such as a cab, boiler or bodywork. The vast majority of locomotives have had a frame structure of some kind...
is constructed of steel
Steel
Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten...
rolled former
Former
thumb|right|150px|Interior of an F-16B with the engine removed showing frames or formers.A former is a structural member of an aircraft fuselage, of which a typical fuselage has a series from the nose to the empennage, typically perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the aircraft...
s. Ball stub-axles are mounted to strend girders, that make welded
Welding
Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. This is often done by melting the workpieces and adding a filler material to form a pool of molten material that cools to become a strong joint, with pressure sometimes...
box construction. A power unit, composed of a diesel engine
Diesel engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...
and main alternator
Alternator
An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current.Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field but linear alternators are occasionally used...
, is mounted on parallel girders. The engine is connected to main alternator with an elastic clutch
Clutch
A clutch is a mechanical device which provides for the transmission of power from one component to another...
. Four traction motor
Traction motor
Traction motor refers to an electric motor providing the primary rotational torque of a machine, usually for conversion into linear motion ....
s (two on each bogie) are mounted with a tram system. Traction motors can be powered in series connection, parallel connection and parallel connection with field reduction of 40 to 60%.
Traction motors are series devices with 60 kW hour power. Main alternator (PABOM-186a type) is a DC
Direct current
Direct current is the unidirectional flow of electric charge. Direct current is produced by such sources as batteries, thermocouples, solar cells, and commutator-type electric machines of the dynamo type. Direct current may flow in a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through...
machine with 600 V
Voltage
Voltage, otherwise known as electrical potential difference or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points — or the difference in electric potential energy per unit charge between two points...
and 367 A
Ampere
The ampere , often shortened to amp, is the SI unit of electric current and is one of the seven SI base units. It is named after André-Marie Ampère , French mathematician and physicist, considered the father of electrodynamics...
. Its power rating whilst working with 1500 rpm. is 220 kW. During engine starting the main alternator serves as electric starter, powered from the battery
Battery (electricity)
An electrical battery is one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Since the invention of the first battery in 1800 by Alessandro Volta and especially since the technically improved Daniell cell in 1836, batteries have become a common power...
. For the purposes of enlighting the locomotive and charging batteries an additional alternator (Pw-114a type) is used.
SM30 locomotives had two types of diesel engine mounted. Wola V-300 and 2DVSa-350 (from 1962) 12-cylinder engines had powers, respectively: 300 Hp and 350 Hp. Neutral gear rotation is 600 rpm. and rated rev is 1500 rpm.