Papal conclave, 1667
Encyclopedia
The Papal conclave, 1667 (June 2–20, 1667) to determine the successor to the departed Pope Alexander VII
resulted in the election
of cardinal
Giulio Rospigliosi, who took the name of Clement IX.
died on May 22, 1667 at the age of 68. At the time of his death, there were 70 cardinal
s in the Sacred College, but two of them died during sede vacante
, and another four were entirely absent, leaving the number of 64 participants.
Sixty-one cardinals thus entered the conclave in the Vatican on June 2. In the following eight days they were joined by three more cardinals.
The College of Cardinals
was divided into several factions. The strongest of them was the party of Flavio Chigi
, cardinal-nephew of Pope Alexander VII, which grouped twenty-four of his creatures. Another influential person was dean of the College, Francesco Barberini
, who was leader of the group of old cardinals created by his uncle Urban VIII. Small but important because of the possibility of using the right of exclusion were the factions of the so-called "Crown-Cardinals", of Spain and France. They represented the respective interests of Charles II of Spain
and Louis XIV of France
.
The French party was instructed to work for the election of cardinal Secretary of State Giulio Rospigliosi. They thought that Rospigliosi, as former nuncio in Madrid
, would be also acceptable for Spain. France had in Rome a clever and active ambassador in the duc de Chaulnes, who had replaced the duc de Créqui at Palazzo Farnese in 1665 and closely cooperated with Cardinal de Retz, the main representative of France in the Sacred College.
Unlike France, Spain placed its interests in the hand of the incompetent ambassador Marquis Astorga. He allied himself with cardinal Chigi, although initially Cardinal Dean Barberini tried to obtain Spanish support for his own candidature
Several cardinals, particularly those created by Innocent X, were unaligned. Some of them formed a group called flying squadron, connected neither with papal nephews nor Catholic monarchs.
Initially Flavio Chigi, supported by the Spanish party, proposed to elect cardinal Scipione d'Elci, but was not able to secure for him the required majority of two thirds. Meanwhile, cardinal Retz and his two Italian colleagues d'Este and Grimaldi suggested to the leader of the Spanish party, Ernst Adalbert von Harrach
, the candidature of Rospigliosi. The Cardinal Secretary of State was viewed in Spain as a friend, so it was not a difficult task to convince Harrach to vote for him and to break the alliance with Chigi. Cardinal Chigi was furious at Spain’s defection, but was not able to counteract it. The alliance between the representatives of two major Catholic powers proved decisive.
On June 20, 1667 Cardinal Giulio Rospigliosi was elected to the papacy, receiving all votes except those of his own and of Neri Corsini, who voted for Flavio Chigi. He accepted his election and took the name of Clement IX. Six days later he was solemnly crowned
on the steps of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica by Cardinal Rinaldo d'Este, protodeacon
of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano.
16 electors were creatures of Urban VIII, 20 of Innocent X and 28 of Alexander VII.
Pope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII , born Fabio Chigi, was Pope from 7 April 1655, until his death.- Early life :Born in Siena, a member of the illustrious banking family of Chigi and a great-nephew of Pope Paul V , he was privately tutored and eventually received doctorates of philosophy, law, and theology from...
resulted in the election
Papal conclave
A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, who then becomes the Pope during a period of vacancy in the papal office. The Pope is considered by Roman Catholics to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church...
of cardinal
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
Giulio Rospigliosi, who took the name of Clement IX.
Divisions among cardinals
Pope Alexander VIIPope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII , born Fabio Chigi, was Pope from 7 April 1655, until his death.- Early life :Born in Siena, a member of the illustrious banking family of Chigi and a great-nephew of Pope Paul V , he was privately tutored and eventually received doctorates of philosophy, law, and theology from...
died on May 22, 1667 at the age of 68. At the time of his death, there were 70 cardinal
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
s in the Sacred College, but two of them died during sede vacante
Sede vacante
Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church...
, and another four were entirely absent, leaving the number of 64 participants.
Sixty-one cardinals thus entered the conclave in the Vatican on June 2. In the following eight days they were joined by three more cardinals.
The College of Cardinals
College of Cardinals
The College of Cardinals is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church.A function of the college is to advise the pope about church matters when he summons them to an ordinary consistory. It also convenes on the death or abdication of a pope as a papal conclave to elect a successor...
was divided into several factions. The strongest of them was the party of Flavio Chigi
Flavio Chigi (1631-1693)
thumb|250px|Cardinal Flavio ChigiFlavio Chigi was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Duke of Ariccia. He was Cardinal-Nephew to Pope Alexander VII and became a powerful political force inside the Roman Catholic Church during the latter half of the 17th century.-Early life:Flavio Chigi was born 10...
, cardinal-nephew of Pope Alexander VII, which grouped twenty-four of his creatures. Another influential person was dean of the College, Francesco Barberini
Francesco Barberini
Francesco Barberini may refer to:*Francesco Barberini , Cardinal-nephew of Pope Urban VIII from 1623*Francesco Barberini , Cardinal from 1690...
, who was leader of the group of old cardinals created by his uncle Urban VIII. Small but important because of the possibility of using the right of exclusion were the factions of the so-called "Crown-Cardinals", of Spain and France. They represented the respective interests of Charles II of Spain
Charles II of Spain
Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain and the ruler of large parts of Italy, the Spanish territories in the Southern Low Countries, and Spain's overseas Empire, stretching from the Americas to the Spanish East Indies...
and Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
.
The French party was instructed to work for the election of cardinal Secretary of State Giulio Rospigliosi. They thought that Rospigliosi, as former nuncio in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
, would be also acceptable for Spain. France had in Rome a clever and active ambassador in the duc de Chaulnes, who had replaced the duc de Créqui at Palazzo Farnese in 1665 and closely cooperated with Cardinal de Retz, the main representative of France in the Sacred College.
Unlike France, Spain placed its interests in the hand of the incompetent ambassador Marquis Astorga. He allied himself with cardinal Chigi, although initially Cardinal Dean Barberini tried to obtain Spanish support for his own candidature
Several cardinals, particularly those created by Innocent X, were unaligned. Some of them formed a group called flying squadron, connected neither with papal nephews nor Catholic monarchs.
Initially Flavio Chigi, supported by the Spanish party, proposed to elect cardinal Scipione d'Elci, but was not able to secure for him the required majority of two thirds. Meanwhile, cardinal Retz and his two Italian colleagues d'Este and Grimaldi suggested to the leader of the Spanish party, Ernst Adalbert von Harrach
Ernst Adalbert von Harrach
thumb|200px|right|Count Ernst Adalbert von Harrach upon his appointment as [[Archbishop of Prague]].Count Ernst Adalbert von Harrach was an Austrian Catholic Cardinal who was appointed Archbishop of Prague and Prince-Bishop of Trento...
, the candidature of Rospigliosi. The Cardinal Secretary of State was viewed in Spain as a friend, so it was not a difficult task to convince Harrach to vote for him and to break the alliance with Chigi. Cardinal Chigi was furious at Spain’s defection, but was not able to counteract it. The alliance between the representatives of two major Catholic powers proved decisive.
On June 20, 1667 Cardinal Giulio Rospigliosi was elected to the papacy, receiving all votes except those of his own and of Neri Corsini, who voted for Flavio Chigi. He accepted his election and took the name of Clement IX. Six days later he was solemnly crowned
Papal Coronation
A papal coronation was the ceremony of the placing of the Papal Tiara on a newly elected pope. The first recorded papal coronation was that of Pope Celestine II in 1143. Soon after his coronation in 1963, Pope Paul VI abandoned the practice of wearing the tiara. His successors have chosen not to...
on the steps of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica by Cardinal Rinaldo d'Este, protodeacon
Protodeacon
Protodeacon derives from the Greek proto- meaning 'first' and diakonos, which is a standard ancient Greek word meaning "servant", "waiting-man," "minister" or "messenger." The word in English may refer to various clergymen, depending upon the usage of the particular church in question.-Eastern...
of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano.
List of participants
- Francesco BarberiniFrancesco Barberini (seniore)Francesco Barberini was an Italian Catholic Cardinal. The nephew of Pope Urban VIII , he benefited immensely from the nepotism practiced by his uncle...
(created cardinalCardinal (Catholicism)A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
on October 2, 1623) – Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia e Velletri; commendatario of S. Lorenzo in Damaso; Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church; Secretary of the Supreme S.C. of the Roman and Universal InquisitionRoman InquisitionThe Roman Inquisition was a system of tribunals developed by the Holy See during the second half of the 16th century, responsible for prosecuting individuals accused of a wide array of crimes related to heresy, including Protestantism, sorcery, immorality, blasphemy, Judaizing and witchcraft, as...
; Prefect of the S.C. of Ceremonies; Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica; Cardinal-protector of ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
and SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
- Marzio GinettiMarzio GinettiMarzio Ginetti was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal Vicar of Rome. He was the uncle of Giovanni Francesco Ginetti....
(January 19, 1626) – Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina; Sub-Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Vicar General of Rome; Prefect of the S. C. of Bishops and Regulars; Prefect of the S. C. of Rites; Prefect of the S. C. of the Ecclesiestical Immunities
- Antonio BarberiniAntonio BarberiniAntonio Barberini was an Italian Catholic cardinal, Archbishop of Reims, military leader, patron of the arts and a prominent member of the House of Barberini. As one of the cardinal-nephews of Pope Urban VIII and a supporter of France, he played a significant role at a number of the papal...
, O.S.Io.Hieros. (August 30, 1627) – Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina; Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church; Archbishop of ReimsArchbishop of ReimsThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Reims is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. Erected as a diocese around 250 by St. Sixtus, the diocese was elevated to an archdiocese around 750...
; Prefect of the S.C. for the Propagation of Faith; Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica; Cardinal-protector of the Dominican OrderDominican OrderThe Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
; Cardinal Co-protector of the Kingdom of FranceKingdom of FranceThe Kingdom of France was one of the most powerful states to exist in Europe during the second millennium.It originated from the Western portion of the Frankish empire, and consolidated significant power and influence over the next thousand years. Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, developed a...
- Giovanni Battista Maria PallottaGiovanni Battista Maria PallottaGiovanni Battista Maria Pallotta was an Italian Cardinal .He was a papal nuncio at the end of the 1620s, becoming titular archbishop of Tessalonica in 1628. He became a Cardinal in 1629....
(November 19, 1629) – Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati
- Francesco Maria BrancaccioFrancesco Maria BrancaccioFrancesco Maria Brancaccio was an Italian cardinal.He was elevated to the rank of cardinal by Pope Urban VIII in his consistory of 28 November 1633. He became Bishop of Viterbo in 1638, then of Sabina , and finally of Frascati...
(November 28, 1633) – Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina; Bishop of Viterbo e Toscanella
- Ulderico CarpegnaUlderico CarpegnaUlderico Carpegna was an Italian jurist and Cardinal.Born at Scavolino, he was from a family of the Roman nobility, connected with the Montefeltro family....
(November 28, 1633) – Cardinal-Bishop of Albano
- Stefano Durazzo (November 28, 1633) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina; ProtopriestProtopriestProtopriest — in the College of Cardinals, is the first Cardinal-Priest in the order of precedence. This title is always attached to the most senior Cardinal Priest according to date of his creation. From the 17th century until the end of 19th century Protopriest usually opted for the titulus San...
of the Sacred College of Cardinals
- Ernst Adalbert von HarrachErnst Adalbert von Harrachthumb|200px|right|Count Ernst Adalbert von Harrach upon his appointment as [[Archbishop of Prague]].Count Ernst Adalbert von Harrach was an Austrian Catholic Cardinal who was appointed Archbishop of Prague and Prince-Bishop of Trento...
(January 19, 1626) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Prassede; Bishop of Trent; Administrator of PraguePraguePrague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
; Cardinal-protector of the HabsburgHabsburgThe House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
hereditary lands
- Giulio GabrielliGiulio GabrielliGiulio Gabrielli was an Italian Catholic Cardinal. He is sometimes referred to as Giulio Gabrielli the Elder to distinguish him from Giulio Gabrielli the Younger.-Early life:...
(December 19, 1641) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Prisca; Bishop of Ascoli Piceno
- Virginio OrsiniVirginio Orsini (cardinal)Virginio Orsini was an Italian Cardinal.He was of the ducal family of Bracciano, He renounced his birthright in his youth, entered the military order of the Knights of Malta and distinguished himself in the war against the Turks by his bravery.In December 1641, Pope Urban VIII raised him to the...
, O.S.Io.Hieros. (December 19, 1641) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria degli Angeli; Cardinal-protector of the Kingdom of Poland; Cardinal-protector of Armenia
- Cesare FacchinettiCesare FacchinettiCesare Facchinetti was an Italian Catholic Cardinal.Facchinetti was born 17 September 1608 in Bologna. He was the son of Ludovico Facchinetti and Violante da Correggio...
(July 13, 1643) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. IV Coronati; Bishop of Spoleto
- Girolamo Grimaldi (July 13, 1643) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. Trinita al Monte Pincio; Aix
- Carlo Rosetti (July 13, 1643) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Silvestro in Capite; Bishop of Faenza
- Niccolò Albergati-LudovisiNiccolò Albergati-Ludovisithumb|Cardinal Niccolò Albergati-Ludovisi.Niccolò Albergati-Ludovisi was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop of Bologna. He was a cousin of Cardinal Ludovico Ludovisi....
(March 6, 1645) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere; Grand penitentiary
- Alderano CyboAlderano Cybothumb|250 px|Cardinal Alderano CyboAlderano Cybo was an Italian Catholic Cardinal.-Biography:Cybo was born 16 July 1613 in Genoa and went to Rome at an early age as prelate to Pope Urban VIII....
(March 6, 1645) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Pudenziana; Bishop of Jesi; Cardinal-protector of the orders of Franciscans and Trinitarians
- Federico Sforza (March 6, 1645) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli; Cardinal-protector of the Kingdom of NaplesKingdom of NaplesThe Kingdom of Naples, comprising the southern part of the Italian peninsula, was the remainder of the old Kingdom of Sicily after secession of the island of Sicily as a result of the Sicilian Vespers rebellion of 1282. Known to contemporaries as the Kingdom of Sicily, it is dubbed Kingdom of...
- Benedetto Odescalchi (March 6, 1645) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Onofrio; Prefect of the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Grace
- Lorenzo Raggi (October 7, 1647) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. Quirico e Giulitta
- Jean-François-Paul de Gondi de Retz (February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria sopra Minerva
- Luigi OmodeiLuigi Omodei (1607-1685)Luigi Omodei was an Italian cardinal. His nephew Luigi Omodei was also a cardinal.-Life:He exercised several duties in the Roman Curia, notably commissioner general of the papal states under pope Innocent X and general of the papal army...
(February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Alessio
- Pietro Vito OttoboniPope Alexander VIIIPope Alexander VIII , born Pietro Vito Ottoboni, was Pope from 1689 to 1691.-Early life:Pietro Ottoboni was born of a noble Venetian family, and was the son of Marco Ottoboni, chancellor of the Republic of Venice...
(February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Marco
- Marcello Publicola Santacroce (February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Stefano al Monte Celio; Bishop of Tivoli
- Lorenzo Imperiali (February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Crisogono
- Giberto Borromeo (February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo
- Giovanni Battista Spada (March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Marcello
- Francesco Albizzi (March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Via; Camerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsCamerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsThe Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals was the treasurer of that body.He administered all property, fees, funds and revenue belonging to the College of Cardinals, celebrated the requiem Mass for a deceased cardinal and was charged with the registry of the Acta Consistoralia.It is...
- Ottavio Acquaviva d'Aragona (March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Cecilia
- Flavio ChigiFlavio Chigi (1631-1693)thumb|250px|Cardinal Flavio ChigiFlavio Chigi was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and Duke of Ariccia. He was Cardinal-Nephew to Pope Alexander VII and became a powerful political force inside the Roman Catholic Church during the latter half of the 17th century.-Early life:Flavio Chigi was born 10...
(April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria del Popolo; Superintendent general of the Papal StatesCardinal-nephewA cardinal-nephew is a cardinal elevated by a Pope who is that cardinal's uncle, or, more generally, his relative. The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries. The word nepotism originally referred specifically to...
; Librarian of the Holy Roman Church; Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica; Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signature of Justice; Legate in AvignonAvignonAvignon is a French commune in southeastern France in the départment of the Vaucluse bordered by the left bank of the Rhône river. Of the 94,787 inhabitants of the city on 1 January 2010, 12 000 live in the ancient town centre surrounded by its medieval ramparts.Often referred to as the...
- Giulio RospigliosiPope Clement IXPope Clement IX , born Giulio Rospigliosi, was Pope from 1667 to 1669.-Early life:Born Giulio Rospigliosi to a noble family of Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, he was a pupil of the Jesuits. After receiving his doctorate in philosophy at the University of Pisa, he taught theology there...
(April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Sisto; Cardinal Secretary of StateCardinal Secretary of StateThe Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
- Girolamo Buonvisi (April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Girolamo degli Schiavoni; Archbishop of Lucca; Legate in FerraraFerraraFerrara is a city and comune in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital city of the Province of Ferrara. It is situated 50 km north-northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km north...
- Scipione Pannocchieschi d'Elci (April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Sabina
- Girolamo Farnese (April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Agnese fuori le muraSant'Agnese fuori le muraThe church of Saint Agnes Outside the Wall is a titulus church, minor basilica in Rome, on a site sloping down from the Via Nomentana, which runs north-east out of the city, still under its ancient name. What is said to be the remains of Saint Agnes's are below the high altar...
- Antonio Bichi (April 9, 1657) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Agostino; Bishop of Osimo
- Pietro VidoniPietro VidoniPietro Vidoni was an Italian cardinal and between 1652–1660 a papal legate and nuncio to Poland.-Personal life:...
(April 5, 1660) – Cardinal-Priest of S. CallistoSan CallistoSan Callisto is a Roman Catholic titular church in Rome, Italy, built over the site of Saint Pope Callistus I and the location of his martyrdom. The original building dates form the time of Pope Gregory III who order the building of a church on the site. The church has been rebuilt twice since,...
; Bishop of Lodi
- Gregorio Barbarigo (April 5, 1660) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Tommaso in Parione; Bishop of Padua
- Girolamo Boncompagni (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Marcellino e Pietro; Archbishop of Bologna
- Carlo Bonelii (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Anastasia
- Celio Piccolomini (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Montorio
- Carlo Carafa della Spina (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Susanna; Legate in BolognaBolognaBologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
- Alfonso LittaAlfonso LittaAlfonso Michele Litta was an Italian cardinal, an archbishop of Milan and Papal governor of the Marches.-See also:* Litta...
(January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme; Archbishop of Milan
- Neri CorsiniNeri Corsini (1614-1678)Neri Corsini, Nerio Corsini or Neri Corsini the Elder was an Italian cardinal from the noble Corsini family. He was the son of Filippo Corsini and Maddalena Machiavelli...
(January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. Nereo e Achilleo; Titular Archbishop of Damietta
- Giacomo Filippo Nini (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria della Pace
- Paluzzo Paluzzi degli Albertoni (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of SS. XII Apostoli; Bishop of Montefisacone e Corneto
- Cesare Maria Antonio Rasponi (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Giovanni a Porta Latina; Legate in UrbinoUrbinoUrbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482...
- Giannicolò Conti (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Transpontina; Bishop of Ancona
- Giulio Spinola (February 15, 1666) – Cardinal-Priest of [no title assigned]
- Carlo Roberti (February 15, 1666) – Cardinal-Priest of [no title assigned]
- Innico Caracciolo (February 15, 1666) – Cardinal-Priest of [no title assigned]; Archbishop of Naples
- Giovanni Delfino (March 7, 1667) – Cardinal-Priest of [no title assigned]; Patriarch of AquileiaPatriarch of AquileiaThe Patriarch of Aquileia was an office in the Roman Catholic Church. During the Middle Ages the Patriarchate of Aquileia was a temporal state in Northern Italy. The Patriarchate of Aquileia as a church office was suppressed in 1752....
- Rinaldo d'Este (December 19, 1641) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano; ProtodeaconProtodeaconProtodeacon derives from the Greek proto- meaning 'first' and diakonos, which is a standard ancient Greek word meaning "servant", "waiting-man," "minister" or "messenger." The word in English may refer to various clergymen, depending upon the usage of the particular church in question.-Eastern...
of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Cardinal-protector of the Kingdom of FranceKingdom of FranceThe Kingdom of France was one of the most powerful states to exist in Europe during the second millennium.It originated from the Western portion of the Frankish empire, and consolidated significant power and influence over the next thousand years. Louis XIV, also known as the Sun King, developed a...
- Giovanni Stefano Donghi (July 13, 1643) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria degli Angeli; Bishop of Ferrara
- Paolo Emilio RondininiPaolo Emilio RondininiPaolo Emilio Rondinini, born in 1617 to Alessandro Rondinini and Felice Zacchia, was a grand-nephew on his mother's side of Cardinal Paolo Emilio Zacchia and grandson of Cardinal Laudivio Zacchia.-Earli Life and Education:...
(July 13, 1643) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin; Bishop of Assisi
- Francesco MaidalchiniFrancesco MaidalchiniFrancesco Maidalchini was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.-Early life:Maidalchini was born 12 April 1631 in Viterbo, the son of Andrea Maidalchini and Pacifica Feliziani...
(October 7, 1647) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata
- Friedrich von Hesse-Darmstadt, O.S.Io.Hieros. (February 19, 1652) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Cesareo in Palatio
- Carlo BarberiniCarlo Barberinithumb|Cardinal Carlo Barberini .Carlo Barberini was an Italian Catholic cardinal and member of the Barberini family. He was the grand-nephew of Maffeo Barberini and son of Taddeo Barberini .-Biography:Carlo Barberini was born 1 June 1630 in Rome...
(June 23, 1653) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria; Cardinal-protector of the Duchy of SavoyDuchy of SavoyFrom 1416 to 1847, the House of Savoy ruled the eponymous Duchy of Savoy . The Duchy was a state in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, with some territories that are now in France. It was a continuation of the County of Savoy...
; Cardinal-protector of the Orders of CelestinesCelestinesCelestines are a Roman Catholic monastic order, a branch of the Benedictines, founded in 1244. At the foundation of the new rule, they were called Hermits of St Damiano, or Moronites , and did not assume the appellation of Celestines until after the election of their founder to the Papacy as...
, Franciscans Obervants and Canon Regular of the Lateran
- Carlo Pio di Savoia (March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Eustachio
- Carlo GualterioCarlo GualterioCarlo Gualterio was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal.-Biography:Gualterio was born at Orvieto. Among his relatives, Silvio Antoniani was cardinal and Sebastiano Gualterio had been Bishop of Viterbo, Papal Nuncio to France and the Council of Trent...
(March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Pancrazio; Archbishop of Fermo
- Decio AzzolinoDecio AzzolinoDecio Azzolino , generally known as the Younger, was an Italian cardinal.He was born at Fermo, the son of Pompeo Azzolino and Giulia Ruffo, and great-nephew of Cardinal Decio Azzolino the Elder. He received doctorates in philosophy, juridics and theology from Fermo University...
(March 2, 1654) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Adriano
- Odoardo Vecchiarelli (April 29, 1658) – Cardinal-Deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano; Bishop of Rieti
- Giacomo Franzoni (April 29, 1658) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria in Aquiro; Bishop of Camerino
- Francesco Maria ManciniFrancesco Maria ManciniFrancesco Maria Mancini was an Italian cardinal of the Mancini family. He was made a cardinal by Pope Alexander VII, in reward for contributing to Alexander's election as pope.-Life:...
(April 5, 1660) – Cardinal-Deacon of SS. Vito e Modesto
- Angelo Celsi (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro; Prefect of the S. C. of the Tridentine Council
- Paolo Savelli (January 14, 1664) – Cardinal-Deacon of S. Maria della Scala; Legate in RomagnaRomagnaRomagna is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna. Traditionally, it is limited by the Apennines to the south-west, the Adriatic to the east, and the rivers Reno and Sillaro to the north and west...
- Louis de Vendôme (March 7, 1667) – Cardinal-Deacon of [no deaconry assigned]
16 electors were creatures of Urban VIII, 20 of Innocent X and 28 of Alexander VII.
Absentees
Four cardinals, all created by Alexander VII, did not participate in this conclave:- Pascual de Aragón-Córdoba-Cardona y Fernández de Córdoba (April 5, 1660) – Cardinal-Priest of S. Balbina; Archbishop of Toledo
- Vitaliano Visconti (February 15, 1666) – Cardinal-Priest [no title assigned]
- Guidobald von Thun (March 7, 1667) – Cardinal-Priest [no title assigned]; Archbishop of Salzburg; Bishop of Ratisbon
- Luis Guillermo de Moncada de Aragón Luna de Peralta y de la Cerda (March 7, 1667) – Cardinal-Deacon [no deaconry assigned]