College of Cardinals
Encyclopedia
The College of Cardinals is the body of all cardinals
of the Catholic Church.
A function of the college is to advise the pope
about church matters when he summons them to an ordinary consistory
. It also convenes on the death or abdication of a pope
as a papal conclave
to elect a successor. The college has no ruling power except during the sede vacante
(papal vacancy) period, and even then its powers are extremely limited by the terms of the current law, which is laid down in the Apostolic constitution
Universi Dominici Gregis
and the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
.
Historically, cardinals were the clergy
of the city of Rome
, serving the Bishop of Rome as the Pope
, who had clerical duties in parish
es of the city. The College has its origins in the events surrounding the crowning of Henry IV
as King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor
at the age of six, after the unexpected death of Henry III
in 1056. Up until this point secular authorities had significant influence over who was to be appointed Pope, and the Holy Roman Emperor in particular had the special ability to appoint him. This was significant as the aims and views of the Holy Roman Emperor and the Church did not always coincide. Members of what was to become known as the Gregorian Reform
took advantage of the new King and his lack of power, and in 1059 declared that the election of the Pope was an affair only for the Church. This was part of a larger power struggle, named the Investiture Controversy
, as the Church attempted to gain more control over their clergy, and in doing so gain more influence in the lands and governments they were appointed to. Theological implications aside, its creation represented a significant shift in the balance of power in the Early Medieval world. From the beginning of the 12th century, the College of Cardinals started to meet as a college, when the cardinal bishops, cardinal priests, and cardinal deacons ceased acting as separate groups.
The Dean of the College of Cardinals
and the Sub-Dean are the president
and vice-president of the college. Both are elected by and from the cardinals holding suburbicarian diocese
s, but the election requires Papal confirmation. Except for presiding, the dean has no power of governance over the cardinals, instead acting as primus inter pares
(first among equals).
The Secretary of State
, the prefects of the Congregations
of the Roman Curia
, the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, the Vicar General of Rome, and the Patriarchs of Venice
and Lisbon
, are usually Cardinals, with few, generally temporary, exceptions. The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
requires that appointees to the state's legislative body, the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
, be cardinals.
's motu proprio
Ingravescentem Aetatem, cardinals who had reached the age of 80 before the conclave opened had no vote in papal elections. The current rules for the election of the Roman Pontiff, those in Pope John Paul II
's Universi Dominici Gregis
of 22 February 1996, state that cardinals who have reached the age of 80 before the day the see
becomes vacant do not have a vote.
Although the canonical
qualifications required of candidates for episcopacy, indicated in canon 378 of the Code of Canon Law, leave a broad field open to the cardinals, they have in fact for over six centuries consistently elected one of their own number to be Bishop of Rome. The last time they chose someone who was not a cardinal was at the 1378 election of Pope Urban VI
. However, the conclave rules specify the procedures to be followed, should someone residing outside Vatican City or not yet a bishop be elected.
is the most senior member of the College by length of service (the Protopriest); he is the last surviving from the 1969 consistory. Angelo Sodano
, however, has the highest precedence as a Cardinal Bishop as Dean of the College of Cardinals.
Cardinals who have reached the age of 80 are indicated with an asterisk (*). Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk will be the next Cardinal to lose his right to participate in the conclave on 7 December 2011. The oldest living Cardinal is currently Ersilio Tonini
. There are now a total of 193 Cardinals, of whom 111 are aged under 80. Of the voting-age cardinals, 63 were appointed by Pope John Paul II, and 28 by Pope Benedict XVI.
All but thirteen of the Cardinals alive at the death of Pope John Paul II
were appointed by him. Three of those thirteen were under 80 years old as of the day of John Paul II's death. One of those three, Joseph Ratzinger
, was elected Pope in the resulting conclave and took the name Benedict XVI
, another one (Jaime Sin) did not attend that conclave for health reasons and died shortly afterwards, and the third, William Wakefield Baum, turned 80 on 21 November 2006.
There are three ranks of Cardinals: Cardinal Bishops, Cardinal Priests, and Cardinal Deacons. Almost all Cardinals are also bishops
.
Patriarchs of Oriental Rites
Consistory of 5 March 1973
Consistory of 24 May 1976
Consistory of 2 February 1983
Consistory of 25 May 1985
Consistory of 28 June 1988
Consistory of 28 June 1991
Consistory of 26 November 1994
Consistory of 21 February 1998
Consistory of 21 February 2001
Consistory of 21 October 2003
Consistory of 24 November 2007
Consistory of 20 November 2010
Consistory of 24 November 2007
Consistory of 20 November 2010
Cardinal (Catholicism)
A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official, usually an ordained bishop, and ecclesiastical prince of the Catholic Church. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals, which as a body elects a new pope. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and...
of the Catholic Church.
A function of the college is to advise the pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
about church matters when he summons them to an ordinary consistory
Consistory
-Antiquity:Originally, the Latin word consistorium meant simply 'sitting together', just as the Greek synedrion ....
. It also convenes on the death or abdication of a pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
as a papal conclave
Papal conclave
A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, who then becomes the Pope during a period of vacancy in the papal office. The Pope is considered by Roman Catholics to be the apostolic successor of Saint Peter and earthly head of the Roman Catholic Church...
to elect a successor. The college has no ruling power except during the sede vacante
Sede vacante
Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church...
(papal vacancy) period, and even then its powers are extremely limited by the terms of the current law, which is laid down in the Apostolic constitution
Apostolic constitution
An apostolic constitution is the highest level of decree issued by the Pope. The use of the term constitution comes from Latin constitutio, which referred to any important law issued by the Roman emperor, and is retained in church documents because of the inheritance that the canon law of the...
Universi Dominici Gregis
Universi Dominici Gregis
Universi Dominici Gregis is an Apostolic Constitution of the Catholic Church issued by Pope John Paul II on February 22, 1996. It superseded Pope Paul VI's 1975 Apostolic Constitution, Romano Pontifici Eligendo....
and the Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 26 November 2000, is the Supreme Law of the Vatican. It obtained the Force of Law of 22 February 2001, Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, Apostle, and replaced in its entirety law N. I...
.
Historically, cardinals were the clergy
Clergy
Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. A clergyman, churchman or cleric is a member of the clergy, especially one who is a priest, preacher, pastor, or other religious professional....
of the city of Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
, serving the Bishop of Rome as the Pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
, who had clerical duties in parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
es of the city. The College has its origins in the events surrounding the crowning of Henry IV
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century...
as King of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope...
at the age of six, after the unexpected death of Henry III
Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors...
in 1056. Up until this point secular authorities had significant influence over who was to be appointed Pope, and the Holy Roman Emperor in particular had the special ability to appoint him. This was significant as the aims and views of the Holy Roman Emperor and the Church did not always coincide. Members of what was to become known as the Gregorian Reform
Gregorian Reform
The Gregorian Reforms were a series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII and the circle he formed in the papal curia, circa 1050–80, which dealt with the moral integrity and independence of the clergy...
took advantage of the new King and his lack of power, and in 1059 declared that the election of the Pope was an affair only for the Church. This was part of a larger power struggle, named the Investiture Controversy
Investiture Controversy
The Investiture Controversy or Investiture Contest was the most significant conflict between Church and state in medieval Europe. In the 11th and 12th centuries, a series of Popes challenged the authority of European monarchies over control of appointments, or investitures, of church officials such...
, as the Church attempted to gain more control over their clergy, and in doing so gain more influence in the lands and governments they were appointed to. Theological implications aside, its creation represented a significant shift in the balance of power in the Early Medieval world. From the beginning of the 12th century, the College of Cardinals started to meet as a college, when the cardinal bishops, cardinal priests, and cardinal deacons ceased acting as separate groups.
The Dean of the College of Cardinals
Dean of the College of Cardinals
The Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals is the president of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church, and as such always holds the rank of Cardinal Bishop. The Dean is not necessarily the longest-serving member of the whole College...
and the Sub-Dean are the president
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...
and vice-president of the college. Both are elected by and from the cardinals holding suburbicarian diocese
Suburbicarian diocese
The seven suburbicarian dioceses are Roman Catholic dioceses located in the vicinity of Rome, whose bishops form the highest-ranking order of Cardinals, the Cardinal Bishops....
s, but the election requires Papal confirmation. Except for presiding, the dean has no power of governance over the cardinals, instead acting as primus inter pares
Primus inter pares
Primus inter pares is Latin phrase describing the most senior person of a group sharing the same rank or office.When not used in reference to a specific title, it may indicate that the person so described is formally equal, but looked upon as an authority of special importance by their peers...
(first among equals).
The Secretary of State
Cardinal Secretary of State
The Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
, the prefects of the Congregations
Congregation (Roman Curia)
A congregation is a type of dicastery of the Roman Curia, the central administrative organism of the Catholic Church....
of the Roman Curia
Roman Curia
The Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See and the central governing body of the entire Catholic Church, together with the Pope...
, the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, the Vicar General of Rome, and the Patriarchs of Venice
Patriarch of Venice
The Patriarch of Venice is the ordinary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice. The bishop is one of the few Patriarchs in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church...
and Lisbon
Patriarch of Lisbon
The Patriarch of Lisbon is an honorary title possessed by the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Lisbon.The first patriarch of Lisbon was D. Tomás de Almeida, who was appointed in 1716 by Pope Clement XI...
, are usually Cardinals, with few, generally temporary, exceptions. The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
The Fundamental Law of Vatican City State, promulgated by Pope John Paul II on 26 November 2000, is the Supreme Law of the Vatican. It obtained the Force of Law of 22 February 2001, Feast of the Chair of St. Peter, Apostle, and replaced in its entirety law N. I...
requires that appointees to the state's legislative body, the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
The Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the legislative body of Vatican City...
, be cardinals.
Choosing the Pope
Under the terms of Pope Paul VIPope Paul VI
Paul VI , born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, who had convened the Second Vatican Council, he decided to continue it...
's motu proprio
Motu proprio
A motu proprio is a document issued by the Pope on his own initiative and personally signed by him....
Ingravescentem Aetatem, cardinals who had reached the age of 80 before the conclave opened had no vote in papal elections. The current rules for the election of the Roman Pontiff, those in Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
's Universi Dominici Gregis
Universi Dominici Gregis
Universi Dominici Gregis is an Apostolic Constitution of the Catholic Church issued by Pope John Paul II on February 22, 1996. It superseded Pope Paul VI's 1975 Apostolic Constitution, Romano Pontifici Eligendo....
of 22 February 1996, state that cardinals who have reached the age of 80 before the day the see
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...
becomes vacant do not have a vote.
Although the canonical
Canon law (Catholic Church)
The canon law of the Catholic Church, is a fully developed legal system, with all the necessary elements: courts, lawyers, judges, a fully articulated legal code and principles of legal interpretation. It lacks the necessary binding force present in most modern day legal systems. The academic...
qualifications required of candidates for episcopacy, indicated in canon 378 of the Code of Canon Law, leave a broad field open to the cardinals, they have in fact for over six centuries consistently elected one of their own number to be Bishop of Rome. The last time they chose someone who was not a cardinal was at the 1378 election of Pope Urban VI
Pope Urban VI
Pope Urban VI , born Bartolomeo Prignano, was Pope from 1378 to 1389.-Biography:Born in Itri, he was a devout monk and learned casuist, trained at Avignon. On March 21, 1364, he was consecrated Archbishop of Acerenza in the Kingdom of Naples...
. However, the conclave rules specify the procedures to be followed, should someone residing outside Vatican City or not yet a bishop be elected.
Members of the College of Cardinals
The following is the list of all living Cardinals as of 26 November 2011. Cardinals are shown in order of precedence, based on seniority by date of appointment. Eugênio de Araújo SalesEugênio de Araújo Sales
Eugênio de Araújo Sales is, as of 2011, the longest-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, having been elevated by Pope Paul VI on April 28, 1969. He served as archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro for thirty years until his resignation was accepted in 2001, when he had already...
is the most senior member of the College by length of service (the Protopriest); he is the last surviving from the 1969 consistory. Angelo Sodano
Angelo Sodano
Angelo Sodano is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current Dean of the College of Cardinals and former Vatican Secretary of State, having held that post from 1990 to 2006, under both popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI...
, however, has the highest precedence as a Cardinal Bishop as Dean of the College of Cardinals.
Cardinals who have reached the age of 80 are indicated with an asterisk (*). Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk will be the next Cardinal to lose his right to participate in the conclave on 7 December 2011. The oldest living Cardinal is currently Ersilio Tonini
Ersilio Tonini
Ersilio Tonini is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Ravenna-Cervia from 1975 to 1990, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1994. When on 30 April 2010 Cardinal Paul Augustin Mayer died, Cardinal Tonini became the oldest living cardinal...
. There are now a total of 193 Cardinals, of whom 111 are aged under 80. Of the voting-age cardinals, 63 were appointed by Pope John Paul II, and 28 by Pope Benedict XVI.
All but thirteen of the Cardinals alive at the death of Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II , born Karol Józef Wojtyła , reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and Sovereign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, at of age. His was the second-longest documented pontificate, which lasted ; only Pope Pius IX ...
were appointed by him. Three of those thirteen were under 80 years old as of the day of John Paul II's death. One of those three, Joseph Ratzinger
Pope Benedict XVI
Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
, was elected Pope in the resulting conclave and took the name Benedict XVI
Pope Benedict XVI
Benedict XVI is the 265th and current Pope, by virtue of his office of Bishop of Rome, the Sovereign of the Vatican City State and the leader of the Catholic Church as well as the other 22 sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches in full communion with the Holy See...
, another one (Jaime Sin) did not attend that conclave for health reasons and died shortly afterwards, and the third, William Wakefield Baum, turned 80 on 21 November 2006.
There are three ranks of Cardinals: Cardinal Bishops, Cardinal Priests, and Cardinal Deacons. Almost all Cardinals are also bishops
Bishop (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders and is responsible for teaching the Catholic faith and ruling the Church....
.
| 2005 | 17.09 |
|---|---|
| October 1978 | 22.50 |
| August 1978 | 22.80 |
| 1963 | 35.36 |
| 1958 | 35.80 |
| 1939 | 54.80 |
| 1922 | 51.60 |
| 1914 | 50.76 |
| 1903 | 56.25 |
Cardinals of the Order of Bishops
Titular Bishops of Seven Suburbicarian Sees- Angelo SodanoAngelo SodanoAngelo Sodano is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current Dean of the College of Cardinals and former Vatican Secretary of State, having held that post from 1990 to 2006, under both popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI...
* (ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
) - born 23 November 1927 - Dean of the College of CardinalsDean of the College of CardinalsThe Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals is the president of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church, and as such always holds the rank of Cardinal Bishop. The Dean is not necessarily the longest-serving member of the whole College...
, Cardinal Secretary of State EmeritusCardinal Secretary of StateThe Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
, Cardinal 28 June 1991, Cardinal Bishop of Albano since January 1994, Dean of the College (and therefore also Cardinal Bishop of OstiaBishop of OstiaThe Bishop of Ostia is the head of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia, one of the seven suburbicarian sees of Rome. The position is now attached to the post of Dean of the College of Cardinals, as it has been since 1150, with the actual governance of the diocese entrusted to the Vicar General of...
) since April 2005 - Roger Etchegaray* (FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
) - born 25 September 1922 - Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals, President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Justice and PeacePontifical Council for Justice and PeaceThe Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace is a part of the Roman Curia dedicated to "action-oriented studies" for the international promotion of justice, peace, and human rights from the perspective of the Roman Catholic Church...
, Cardinal 30 June 1979, Cardinal Bishop of Porto-Santa Rufina since June 1998 - Giovanni Battista Re (Italy) - born 30 January 1934 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for BishopsCongregation for BishopsThe Congregation for Bishops is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the selection of new bishops that are not in mission territories or those areas that come under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches who deal with the Eastern Catholics, pending papal...
, Cardinal 21 February 2001, Cardinal Bishop of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto since October 2002 - Francis Arinze (NigeriaNigeriaNigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
) - born 1 November 1932 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsCongregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsThe Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...
, Cardinal 25 May 1985, Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni since April 2005 - Tarcisio Bertone (Italy) - born 2 December 1934 - Cardinal Secretary of StateCardinal Secretary of StateThe Cardinal Secretary of State—officially Secretary of State of His Holiness The Pope—presides over the Holy See, usually known as the "Vatican", Secretariat of State, which is the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia...
and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal 21 October 2003, Cardinal Bishop of Frascati since May 2008 - José Saraiva Martins (PortugalPortugalPortugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
) - born 6 January 1932 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Causes of SaintsCongregation for the Causes of SaintsThe Congregation for the Causes of Saints is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification...
, Cardinal 21 February 2001, Cardinal Bishop of Palestrina since February 2009
Patriarchs of Oriental Rites
- Nasrallah Pierre Sfeir* (LebanonLebanonLebanon , officially the Republic of LebanonRepublic of Lebanon is the most common term used by Lebanese government agencies. The term Lebanese Republic, a literal translation of the official Arabic and French names that is not used in today's world. Arabic is the most common language spoken among...
) - born 15 May 1920 - Maronite Patriarch Emeritus of Antioch (lives in BeirutBeirutBeirut is the capital and largest city of Lebanon, with a population ranging from 1 million to more than 2 million . Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coastline, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport, and also forms the Beirut Metropolitan...
), Cardinal 28 February 1994 - Ignatius I Moussa Daoud* (SyriaSyriaSyria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
) - born 18 September 1930 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Oriental ChurchesCongregation for the Oriental ChurchesThe Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,...
and Syrian Rite Patriarch Emeritus of Antioch, Cardinal 21 February 2001 - Emmanuel III DellyEmmanuel III DellyMar Emmanuel III Delly is the Patriarch of Babylon of the Chaldeans and Primate of the Chaldean Catholic Church, an Eastern Catholic sui juris Particular church of the Catholic Church and a Cardinal. He was born on October 6, 1927 in Tel Keppe and was ordained a priest on December 21, 1952. He was...
* (IraqIraqIraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
) - born 6 October 1927 - Chaldean Patriarch of Babylon, Cardinal 24 November 2007 - Antonios NaguibAntonios NaguibAntonios I Naguib is the Coptic Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria since 30 March 2006....
(EgyptEgyptEgypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
) - born 7 March 1935 - Coptic Patriarch of Alexandria, Cardinal 20 November 2010
Appointed by Pope Paul VI
Consistory of 28 April 1969- Eugênio de Araújo SalesEugênio de Araújo SalesEugênio de Araújo Sales is, as of 2011, the longest-serving cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church, having been elevated by Pope Paul VI on April 28, 1969. He served as archbishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro for thirty years until his resignation was accepted in 2001, when he had already...
* (BrazilBrazilBrazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
) - born 8 November 1920 - Archbishop Emeritus of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, Cardinal Protopriest since February 2009
Consistory of 5 March 1973
- Luis Aponte MartínezLuis Aponte MartínezLuis Aponte Martínez is the only Puerto Rican ever to be consecrated a cardinal of the Catholic Church, and for 34 years was the Archbishop of San Juan. Cardinal Aponte was a cardinal elector in the two conclaves of 1978....
* (Puerto RicoPuerto RicoPuerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...
) - born 4 August 1922 - Archbishop Emeritus of San Juan de Puerto RicoRoman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan de Puerto RicoThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan de Puerto Rico is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, comprising the northeast portion of the island of Puerto Rico, a commonwealth of the United States... - Paulo Evaristo ArnsPaulo Evaristo ArnsPaulo Evaristo Arns O.F.M. is the Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of São Paulo.-Early life and education:...
* (Brazil) - born 14 September 1921 - Archbishop Emeritus of São PauloRoman Catholic Archdiocese of São PauloThe Archdiocese of São Paulo is a major see in the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Diocese of São Paulo was erected by Pope Benedict XIV on 6 December 1745. It became an Archdiocese on 7 June 1908...
Consistory of 24 May 1976
- William Wakefield Baum* (United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
) - born 21 November 1926 - Major Penitentiary EmeritusApostolic PenitentiaryThe Apostolic Penitentiary, formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy, responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church.The...
Appointed by Pope John Paul II
Consistory of 30 June 1979- Marco Cé* (Italy) - born 8 July 1925 - Patriarch Emeritus of VenicePatriarch of VeniceThe Patriarch of Venice is the ordinary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Venice. The bishop is one of the few Patriarchs in the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church...
- Franciszek Macharski* (PolandPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
) - born 20 May 1927 - Archbishop Emeritus of Krakow
Consistory of 2 February 1983
- Michael Michai KitbunchuMichael Michai KitbunchuMichael Michai Cardinal Kitbunchu is a Thai Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Bangkok from 1973 to 2009, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1983.-Early life and ministry:...
* (ThailandThailandThailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
) - born 26 January 1929 - Archbishop Emeritus of BangkokArchdiocese of BangkokThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bangkok, Thailand dates back to 1662, when the of created. It was renamed in 1841 and in 1924... - Alexandre do NascimentoAlexandre do NascimentoAlexandre do Nascimento is an Angolan Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Luanda from 1986 to 2001, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1983.-Biography:...
* (AngolaAngolaAngola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city...
) - born 1 March 1925 - Archbishop Emeritus of LuandaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of LuandaThe Archdiocese of Luanda is the oldest Roman Catholic bishopric in Angola and the direct descendant of the Diocese of Angola e Congo, founded in 1596. It was elevated to its current form on 4 September 1940. It is based in the capital, Luanda... - Godfried Danneels (BelgiumBelgiumBelgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
) - born 5 June 1933 - Archbishop Emeritus of Mechelen-Brussels - Thomas Stafford Williams* (New ZealandNew ZealandNew Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
) - born 20 March 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Wellington - Carlo Maria MartiniCarlo Maria MartiniCarlo Maria Martini, SJ is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Milan from 1980 to 2002, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1983.-Early life and education:...
* (Italy) - born 15 February 1927 - Archbishop Emeritus of Milan - Józef Glemp* (Poland) - born 18 December 1929 - Archbishop Emeritus of Warsaw
- Joachim Meisner (GermanyGermanyGermany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
) - born 25 December 1933 - Archbishop of Cologne
Consistory of 25 May 1985
- Duraisamy Simon Lourdusamy* (IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
) - born 5 February 1924 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Oriental ChurchesCongregation for the Oriental ChurchesThe Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,... - Miguel Obando y BravoMiguel Obando y BravoMiguel Obando y Bravo is a Nicaraguan prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the Archbishop of Managua from 1985 until his resignation on 12 March 2005. On 25 May 1985, he was selected by Pope John Paul II to be cardinal in Central America...
* (NicaraguaNicaraguaNicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...
) - born 2 February 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of ManaguaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of ManaguaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Managua is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Esteli, Granada, Jinotega, Juigalpa, León en Nicaragua and Matagalpa.-Ordinaries:... - Ricardo Vidal* (PhilippinesPhilippinesThe Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
) - born 6 February 1931 - Archbishop Emeritus of Cebu - Henryk Gulbinowicz* (Poland) - long reported as born 17 October 1928 but announced 2 February 2005 that he had concealed his real age in the wartime conditions of 1944 and was really born in 1923 - Archbishop Emeritus of Wrocław
- Jozef Tomko* (SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) - born 11 March 1924 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic CongressesPontifical Committee for International Eucharistic CongressesThe Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses is part of the Roman Curia of the Roman Catholic Church. The Pontifical Committee was constituted and erected in 1879 by Pope Leo XIII and which received approval of its updated Statutes in 1986 from Pope John Paul II.-Aims:The... - Paul Poupard* (France) - born 30 August 1930 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for CulturePontifical Council for CultureThe Pontifical Council for Culture is a department of the Roman Curia charged with fostering the relationship of the Catholic Church with different cultures. Pope John Paul II founded it on 20 May 1982...
- Friedrich Wetter* (Germany) - born 20 February 1928 - Archbishop Emeritus of Munich and FreisingRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Munich and FreisingThe Archdiocese of Munich and Freising is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Bavaria, Germany. It is led by the prelature of the Archbishop of Munich, who administers the see from the mother church in Munich, the Frauenkirche, also known as Munich Cathedral...
- Silvano Piovanelli* (Italy) - born 21 February 1924 - Archbishop Emeritus of Florence
- Adrianus Johannes Simonis* (NetherlandsNetherlandsThe Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
) - born 26 November 1931 - Archbishop Emeritus of Utrecht - Bernard Francis Law* (United States) - born 4 November 1931 - Archpriest Emeritus of the Basilica of St. Mary Major
- Giacomo Biffi* (Italy) - born 13 June 1928 - Archbishop Emeritus of BolognaArchdiocese of BolognaThe Archdiocese of Bologna is a Roman Catholic archbishopric in northern Italy, with the archiepiscopal seat in Bologna Cathedral. The current Archbishop is Cardinal Carlo Caffarra since 2003.The archdiocese has the following suffragans:*diocese of Imola...
Consistory of 28 June 1988
- Eduardo Martínez SomaloEduardo Martínez SomaloEduardo Martínez Somalo is a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.-Early life and ordination:Martínez Somalo was born in the small town of Baños de Río Tobía in La Rioja, Spain, and had five brothers and four sisters...
* (SpainSpainSpain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
) - born 31 March 1927 - Camerlengo Emeritus of the Holy Roman Church - Achille SilvestriniAchille SilvestriniAchille Silvestrini was one of the most prominent Vatican diplomats during the long reign of John Paul II...
* (Italy) - born 25 October 1923 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Oriental ChurchesCongregation for the Oriental ChurchesThe Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,... - José Freire Falcão* (Brazil) - born 23 October 1925 - Archbishop Emeritus of BrasíliaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of BrasíliaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Brasília is an archdiocese located in the city of Brasília in Brazil.-History:* January 16, 1960: Established as Diocese of Brasília from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Goiânia...
- Alexandre José Maria dos Santos* (Mozambique) - born 18 March 1924 - Archbishop Emeritus of Maputo
- Giovanni CanestriGiovanni CanestriGiovanni Canestri is an Italian Catholic clergyman, currently Archbishop Emeritus of Genoa.Born in Castelspina, province of Alessandria, he was ordained priest on April 12, 1941 and began his pastoral ministry in Rome...
* (Italy) - born 30 September 1918 - Archbishop Emeritus of Genoa - Simon PimentaSimon PimentaSimon Pimenta is a Roman Catholic Cardinal and a retired Archbishop of Bombay .Pimenta was ordained on 21 December 1949. Before coming to Rome to study at the Pontifical College of St. Peter the Apostle, he served as assistant parish priest in Bombay and worked with the Bombay Curia...
* (India) - born 1 March 1920 - Archbishop Emeritus of BombayRoman Catholic Archdiocese of BombayThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in India. The archdiocese has been a metropolitan see since the time it was elevated by Pope Leo XIII on September 1, 1886. The ecclesiastical province of Bombay includes the suffragan dioceses of Nashik,... - Edward Bede Clancy* (AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
) - born 13 December 1923 - Archbishop Emeritus of Sydney - Edmund Casimir Szoka* (United States) - born 14 September 1927 - President Emeritus of the Governorate of Vatican CityPresident of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City StateThe President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City. As a senior member of the Roman Curia, the president is normally a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church...
- László Paskai* (HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
) - born 8 May 1927 - Archbishop Emeritus of Esztergom-BudapestArchdiocese of Esztergom-BudapestThe Metropolitan Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Hungary. It represents two Hungarian cities, Esztergom and the national capital Budapest... - Christian Wiyghan Tumi* (CameroonCameroonCameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the...
) - born 15 October 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Douala
Consistory of 28 June 1991
- Edward Idris Cassidy* (Australia) - born 5 July 1924 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityPontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityThe Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962–1965.Pope John XXIII wanted the Catholic Church to engage in the contemporary ecumenical movement...
- Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez (Dominican RepublicDominican RepublicThe Dominican Republic is a nation on the island of La Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries...
) - born 31 October 1936 - Archbishop of Santo Domingo - José Tomás Sánchez* (Philippines) - born 17 March 1920 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the ClergyCongregation for the ClergyThe Sacred Congregation for the Clergy is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders...
- Fiorenzo Angelini* (Italy) - born 1 August 1916 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care WorkersPontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care WorkersThe Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers was set up by the Motu Proprio Dolentium Hominum of 11 February 1985, by Pope John Paul II who reformed the Pontifical Commission for the Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers into its present form in 1988. It is part of the...
- Roger Mahony (United States) - born 27 February 1936 - Archbishop Emeritus of Los AngelesRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Los AngelesThe Archdiocese of Los Angeles is an archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the U.S. state of California. Headquartered in Los Angeles, the archdiocese comprises the California counties of Los Angeles, Santa Barbara and Ventura. The diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral of Our Lady of the...
- Anthony Joseph Bevilacqua* (United States) - born 17 June 1923 - Archbishop Emeritus of PhiladelphiaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of PhiladelphiaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania, in the United States. It covers the City and County of Philadelphia as well as Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties. The diocese was...
- Camillo Ruini* (Italy) - born 19 February 1931 - Vicar General Emeritus for the Diocese of Rome
- Ján Chryzostom KorecJán Chryzostom KorecJán Chryzostom Korec is a Slovakian Jesuit Cardinal and Bishop Emeritus of the Diocese of Nitra.In his youth Ján Korec was an active Boy Scout....
* (SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) - born 22 January 1924 - Bishop Emeritus of NitraRoman Catholic Diocese of NitraThe Diocese of Nitra is a Roman Catholic diocese western Slovakia, with its seat in Nitra. The current bishop is Viliam Judák.- History :The diocese was created as the first one on the territory of present-day Slovakia around 880 , during the time of Great Moravia. Its first bishop was the Saint... - Henri Schwery (SwitzerlandSwitzerlandSwitzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
) - born 14 June 1932 - Bishop Emeritus of Sion
Consistory of 26 November 1994
- Miloslav Vlk (Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
) - born 17 May 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of Prague - Carlo Furno* (Italy) - born 2 December 1921 - Grand Master Emeritus of the Order of the Holy SepulchreOrder of the Holy SepulchreThe Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem is a Roman Catholic order of knighthood under the protection of the pope. It traces its roots to Duke Godfrey of Bouillon, principal leader of the First Crusade...
and Archpriest Emeritus of the Basilica of St. Mary MajorBasilica di Santa Maria MaggioreThe Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major , known also by other names, is the largest Roman Catholic Marian church in Rome, Italy.There are other churches in Rome dedicated to Mary, such as Santa Maria in Trastevere, Santa Maria in Aracoeli, Santa Maria sopra Minerva, but the greater size of the... - Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja (IndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
) - born 20 December 1934 - Archbishop Emeritus of Jakarta - Jaime Lucas Ortega y Alamino (CubaCubaThe Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
) - born 18 October 1936 - Archbishop of San Cristóbal de la HabanaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of San Cristóbal de la HabanaThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of San Cristobal de la Habana is one of three Catholic Archdioceses in Cuba.-History:Erected originally as Santiago de Cuba, this Latin Rite or Roman Rite diocese was erected as the Diocese of Santiago de Cuba on 10 September 1787 by Pope Pius VI... - Gilberto Agustoni* (Switzerland) - born 26 July 1922 - Prefect Emeritus of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic SignaturaApostolic SignaturaThe Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura is the highest judicial authority in the Catholic Church...
- Emmanuel Wamala* (UgandaUgandaUganda , officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa. Uganda is also known as the "Pearl of Africa". It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by South Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by...
) - born 15 December 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of KampalaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of KampalaThe Archdiocese of Kampala is the Metropolitan See for the Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical province of Kampala in Uganda.-History:The present Kampala Archdiocese is the result of territorial changes:... - William Henry KeelerWilliam Henry KeelerWilliam Henry Keeler is an American Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Baltimore from 1989 to 2007 and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1994....
* (United States) - born 4 March 1931 - Archbishop Emeritus of Baltimore - Jean-Claude Turcotte (CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
) - born 26 June 1936 - Archbishop of Montreal - Ricardo María Carles Gordó* (Spain) - born 24 September 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of Barcelona
- Adam Joseph Maida* (United States) - born 18 March 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Detroit
- Vinko PuljićVinko PuljicVinko Puljić is a Bosnian Croat Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the sixth and current Archbishop of Vrhbosna, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1994.-Early life and education:...
(Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
) - born 8 September 1945 - Archbishop of Vrhbosna (Sarajevo)Roman Catholic Archdiocese of VrhbosnaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vrhbosna is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in eastern Bosnia. Its episcopal see is the city of Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was elevated to an archdiocese on July 5, 1881. The Diocese of Vrhbosna is much older... - Juan Sandoval Íñiguez (MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
) - born 28 March 1933 - Archbishop of GuadalajaraArchdiocese of GuadalajaraThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara is a Roman Catholic archdiocese based in the Mexican city of Guadalajara, Jalisco. It currently covers an area of 20,827 km²... - Ersilio ToniniErsilio ToniniErsilio Tonini is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Ravenna-Cervia from 1975 to 1990, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1994. When on 30 April 2010 Cardinal Paul Augustin Mayer died, Cardinal Tonini became the oldest living cardinal...
* (Italy) - born 20 July 1914 - Archbishop Emeritus of RavennaArchdiocese of RavennaThe Archdiocese of Ravenna was a Roman Catholic diocese in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The archdiocese was erected in the 1st century as a diocese, and was elevated to an archdiocese in the 5th century. Among its famous archbishops are Saint Peter Chrysologus, a Doctor of the Church, and Saint Guido...
Consistory of 21 February 1998
- Jorge Medina EstévezJorge Medina EstévezJorge Arturo Agustín Medina Estévez is a Chilean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Cardinal Protodeacon until February 23, 2007, and is Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.-Early life and ordination:Medina was born in Santiago in...
* (ChileChileChile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
) - born 23 December 1926 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsCongregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsThe Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the... - Darío Castrillón Hoyos* (ColombiaColombiaColombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
) - born 4 July 1929 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Commission Ecclesia DeiPontifical Commission Ecclesia DeiThe Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei is a commission of the Catholic Church established by Pope John Paul II's motu proprio Ecclesia Dei of 2 July 1988 for the care of those former followers of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre who broke with him as a result of his consecration of four priests of his...
and Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the ClergyCongregation for the ClergyThe Sacred Congregation for the Clergy is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders... - Lorenzo Antonetti* (Italy) - born 31 July 1922 - Former pontifical Delegate for the Patriarchal Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi and President Emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
- James Francis Stafford (United States) - born 26 July 1932 - Major Penitentiary Emeritus
- Salvatore De Giorgi* (Italy) - born 6 September 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Palermo
- Serafim Fernandes de Araújo* (Brazil) - born 13 August 1924 - Archbishop Emeritus of Belo HorizonteRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Belo HorizonteThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Belo Horizonte is an archdiocese located in the city of Belo Horizonte in Brazil.-History:* February 11, 1921: Established as Diocese of Belo Horizonte from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Mariana...
- Antonio María Rouco Varela (Spain) - born 24 August 1936 - Archbishop of Madrid
- Dionigi Tettamanzi (Italy) - born 14 March 1934 - Archbishop Emeritus of Milan
- Polycarp Pengo (TanzaniaTanzaniaThe United Republic of Tanzania is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.Tanzania is a state...
) - born 5 August 1944 - Archbishop of Dar-es-Salaam - Christoph Schönborn; OP (AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
) - born 22 January 1945 - Archbishop of ViennaArchbishop of ViennaThe Archbishop of Vienna is the prelate of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vienna who is concurrently the metropolitan bishop of its ecclesiastical province which includes the dioceses of Eisenstadt, Linz and St. Pölten.... - Norberto Rivera Carrera (Mexico) - born 6 June 1942 - Archbishop of MexicoRoman Catholic Archdiocese of MexicoThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mexico is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Atlacomulco, Cuernavaca, Toluca and Tenancingo. It was elevated on February 12, 1546....
- Francis Eugene George (United States) - born 16 January 1937 - Archbishop of Chicago
- Paul Shan Kuo-hsi* (TaiwanTaiwanTaiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
) - born 3 December 1923 - Bishop Emeritus of KaohsiungRoman Catholic Diocese of KaohsiungThe Roman Catholic Diocese of Kaohsiung is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in Taiwan.... - Giovanni CheliGiovanni CheliGiovanni Cheli is a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was, along with Achille Silvestrini and Pio Laghi, one of the most prominent Vatican diplomats under Pope John Paul II.-Early life and ordination:...
* (Italy) - born 4 October 1918 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and ItinerantsPontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and ItinerantsThe Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants is a dicastery of the Roman Curia... - Marian Jaworski* (UkraineUkraineUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
) - born 21 August 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of LvivArchdiocese of LvivArchdiocese of Lviv may refer to:*Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv, a metropolitan archdiocese of the Latin rite of the Catholic Church in western Ukraine*Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv, an archeparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church... - Jānis Pujāts* (LatviaLatviaLatvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
) - born 14 November 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Riga
Consistory of 21 February 2001
- Agostino Cacciavillan* (Italy) - born 14 August 1926 - President Emeritus of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See,
- Sergio Sebastiani* (Italy) - born 11 April 1931 - President Emeritus of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy SeePrefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy SeeThe Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See is an office of the Roman Curia, erected on 15 August 1967, and entrusted with overseeing all the offices of the Holy See that manage finances, regardless of their degree of autonomy....
- Zenon Grocholewski (Poland) - born 11 October 1939 - Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic EducationCongregation for Catholic EducationThe Congregation for Catholic Education is the Pontifical congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for: seminaries and houses of formation of...
- Crescenzio Sepe (Italy) - born 2 June 1943 - Archbishop of Naples
- Jorge María MejíaJorge María MejíaJorge María Mejía is an Argentine Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is Archivist Emeritus of the Holy Roman Church and Librarian Emeritus of the Holy Roman Church.-Early life and ordination:...
* (Argentina) - born 31 January 1923 - LibrarianVatican LibraryThe Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
and ArchivistVatican Secret ArchivesThe Vatican Secret Archives , located in Vatican City, is the central repository for all of the acts promulgated by the Holy See. The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, having primal incumbency until death, owns the archives until the next appointed Papal successor...
Emeritus of the Holy Roman Church - Walter Kasper (Germany) - born 5 March 1933 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityPontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityThe Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962–1965.Pope John XXIII wanted the Catholic Church to engage in the contemporary ecumenical movement...
- Ivan Dias (India) - born 14 April 1936 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
- Geraldo Majella Agnelo (Brazil) - born 19 October 1933 - Archbishop Emeritus of São Salvador da Bahia
- Pedro Rubiano Sáenz (Colombia) - born 13 September 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of Bogotá
- Theodore Edgar McCarrick* (United States) - born 7 July 1930 - Archbishop Emeritus of Washington
- Desmond ConnellDesmond ConnellDesmond Connell is a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church. He is a former Archbishop of Dublin and Primate of Ireland. He was born in Dublin....
* (IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
) - born 24 March 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of Dublin - Audrys Juozas Backis (LithuaniaLithuaniaLithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
) - born 1 February 1937 - Archbishop of VilniusArchdiocese of VilniusThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vilnius is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Lithuania. Established as the Diocese of Vilnius in the 14th century, it was elevated to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese by Pope Pius XI on October 28, 1925... - Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa (Chile) - born 5 September 1933 - Archbishop Emeritus of Santiago de Chile
- Julio Terrazas Sandoval (BoliviaBoliviaBolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
) - born 7 March 1936 - Archbishop of Santa Cruz de la SierraRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Santa Cruz de la SierraThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santa Cruz de la Sierra is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Bolivia... - Wilfrid Fox Napier (South AfricaSouth AfricaThe Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
) - born 8 March 1941 - Archbishop of DurbanArchdiocese of DurbanThe Archdiocese of Durban presently under the leadership of Wilfrid Napier began as the Vicariate Apostolic of Natal which was erected on 15 November 1850 and placed under the leadership of Marie Jean Francois Allard, O.M.I. in 1851... - Oscar Andrés Rodríguez Maradiaga; SDB (HondurasHondurasHonduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...
) - born 29 December 1942 - Archbishop of Tegucigalpa - Bernard Agré* (Côte d'IvoireCôte d'IvoireThe Republic of Côte d'Ivoire or Ivory Coast is a country in West Africa. It has an area of , and borders the countries Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana; its southern boundary is along the Gulf of Guinea. The country's population was 15,366,672 in 1998 and was estimated to be...
) - born 2 March 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of Abidjan - Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne (PeruPeruPeru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
) - born 28 December 1943 - Archbishop of Lima - Francisco Álvarez Martínez* (Spain) - born 14 July 1925 - Archbishop Emeritus of ToledoArchdiocese of ToledoThis is a list of Bishops and Archbishops of Toledo . They are also the Primates of Spain. It was, according to tradition established in the 1st century by St. James the Great and was elevated to an archdiocese in 313 after the Edict of Milan. The incumbent Archbishop also bears the title Primate...
- Cláudio HummesCláudio HummesCláudio Hummes, OFM is a Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy in the Roman Curia , having previously served as Archbishop of Fortaleza from 1996 to 1998 and archbishop of São Paulo from 1998 to 2006...
(Brazil) - born 8 August 1934 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for the ClergyCongregation for the ClergyThe Sacred Congregation for the Clergy is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders... - Jorge Mario Bergoglio; SJ (ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
) - born 17 December 1936 - Archbishop of Buenos AiresArchdiocese of Buenos AiresThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Buenos Aires is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church based on the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. The Archbishop since 28 February 1998 is Jorge Bergoglio... - José da Cruz Policarpo (Portugal) - born 26 February 1936 - Patriarch of LisbonPatriarch of LisbonThe Patriarch of Lisbon is an honorary title possessed by the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Lisbon.The first patriarch of Lisbon was D. Tomás de Almeida, who was appointed in 1716 by Pope Clement XI...
- Severino Poletto (Italy) - born 18 March 1933 - Archbishop Emeritus of Turin
- Cormac Murphy-O'Connor (EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
& WalesWalesWales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has a population of three million, and a total area of 20,779 km²...
) - born 24 August 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of WestminsterRoman Catholic Archdiocese of WestminsterThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Westminster is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in England. The archdiocese consists of all the London boroughs north of the River Thames and west of the River Lea, together with the towns southwest of Staines and Sunbury-on-Thames and... - Edward Michael Egan (United States) - born 2 April 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of New YorkRoman Catholic Archdiocese of New YorkThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York covers New York, Bronx, and Richmond counties in New York City , as well as Dutchess, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Sullivan, Ulster, and Westchester counties in New York state. There are 480 parishes...
- Lubomyr Husar (Ukraine) - born 26 February 1933 - Major Archbishop Emeritus of Kyiv-Halych of the UkrainiansUkrainian Greek Catholic ChurchThe Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church , Ukrainska Hreko-Katolytska Tserkva), is the largest Eastern Rite Catholic sui juris particular church in full communion with the Holy See, and is directly subject to the Pope...
- Karl Lehmann (Germany) - born 16 May 1936 - Bishop of MainzBishop of MainzThe Diocese of Mainz is a diocese of the Catholic church in Germany. It was created in 1802 with the abolition of the old Archbishopric of Mainz. The diocese is suffragan to the Archdiocese of Freiburg; its district is located in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse...
- Jean Marcel Honoré* (France) - born 13 August 1920 - Archbishop Emeritus of Tours
- Roberto TucciRoberto TucciRoberto Tucci, SJ is a Roman Catholic Cardinal and theologian. He was created Cardinal by Pope John Paul II on 21 February 2001....
* (Italy) - born 19 April 1921 - Priest of Society of JesusSociety of JesusThe Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
and President Emeritus of the Administrative Committee of Radio Vatican
Consistory of 21 October 2003
- Angelo Scola (Italy) - born 7 November 1941 - Archbishop of Milan
- Anthony Olubumni Okogie (Nigeria) - born 16 June 1936 - Archbishop of Lagos
- Bernard Panafieu* (France) - born 26 January 1931 - Archbishop Emeritus of Marseille
- Gabriel Zubeir Wako (SudanSudanSudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
) - born 27 February 1939 - Archbishop of Khartoum - Carlos Amigo Vallejo (Spain) - born 23 August 1934 - Archbishop Emeritus of SevilleRoman Catholic Archdiocese of SevilleThe Archdiocese of Seville is part of the Catholic Church in Seville, Spain. The Diocese of Seville was founded in the 3rd century. It was raised to the level of an archdiocese in the 4th century. The current Archbishop is Juan José Asenjo Pelegrina...
- Justin Francis Rigali (United States) - born 19 April 1935 - Archbishop Emeritus of PhiladelphiaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of PhiladelphiaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in southeastern Pennsylvania, in the United States. It covers the City and County of Philadelphia as well as Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties. The diocese was...
- Keith Michael Patrick O'BrienKeith Michael Patrick O'BrienKeith Michael Patrick O'Brien is a Scottish Cardinal and the Archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh of the Roman Catholic Church. O'Brien is currently the only living Cardinal from Scotland....
(ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
) - born 17 March 1938 - Archbishop of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh - Eusebio Oscar Scheid (Brazil) - born 8 December 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro
- Ennio Antonelli (Italy) - born 18 November 1936 - President of the Pontifical Council for the FamilyPontifical Council for the FamilyThe Pontifical Council for the Family is part of the Curia of the Roman Catholic Church. It was established by Pope John Paul II on 9 May 1981 with his motu proprio Familia a Deo Instituta, replacing the Committee for the Family that Pope Paul VI had established in 1973...
- Peter Kodwo Appiah Turkson (Ghana) - born 11 October 1948 - President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and PeacePontifical Council for Justice and PeaceThe Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace is a part of the Roman Curia dedicated to "action-oriented studies" for the international promotion of justice, peace, and human rights from the perspective of the Roman Catholic Church...
- Telesphore Placidus Toppo (India) - born 13 October 1939 - Archbishop of RanchiRoman Catholic Archdiocese of RanchiThe Ranchi Catholic Archdiocese , with roots of activities tracing to more than 150 years, currently comprises the districts of Ranchi and Lohardaga of Jharkhand state, India...
- George PellGeorge PellGeorge Pell AC is an Australian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the eighth and current Archbishop of Sydney, serving since 2001. He previously served as auxiliary bishop and archbishop of the Archdiocese of Melbourne...
(Australia) - born 8 April 1941 - Archbishop of SydneyCatholic Bishops and Archbishops of SydneySydney has had a Catholic Archbishop since 1842.-List of incumbents:# John Bede Polding OSB, 1842-1877.# Roger Bede Vaughan O.S.B., 1877-1883.# Patrick Francis Moran, 1884-1911.# Michael Kelly, 1911-1940.# Norman Thomas Gilroy, 1940-1971.... - Josip BozanićJosip BozanicJosip Bozanić is a Croatian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the eighth and current Archbishop of Zagreb, having previously served as Bishop of Krk from 1989 to 1997. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 2003....
(CroatiaCroatiaCroatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
) - born 20 March 1949 - Archbishop of Zagreb - Jean-Baptiste Phạm Minh Mẫn (VietnamVietnamVietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
) - born 5 March 1934 - Archbishop of Ho Chi Minh CityRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Ho Chi Minh cityThe Archdiocese of Ho Chi Minh City is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in the South of Vietnam. It is the biggest by population in the country.... - Rodolfo Quezada Toruño (GuatemalaGuatemalaGuatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
) - born 8 March 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of GuatemalaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of GuatemalaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guatemala is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Escuintla, Jalapa, Santa Rosa de Lima, Verapaz, Cobán and Zacapa y Santo Cristo de Esquipulas. It was elevated on 16 December 1743... - Philippe Barbarin (France) - born 17 October 1950 - Archbishop of LyonRoman Catholic Archdiocese of LyonThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lyon is a Roman Catholic Metropolitan archdiocese in France. It incorporates the ancient Archdiocese of Vienne. The current Cardinal-Archbishop is Philippe Barbarin...
- Péter Erdő (HungaryHungaryHungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
) - born 25 June 1952 - Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest - Marc Ouellet (Canada) - born 8 June 1944 - Prefect of the Congregation for BishopsCongregation for BishopsThe Congregation for Bishops is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the selection of new bishops that are not in mission territories or those areas that come under the jurisdiction of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches who deal with the Eastern Catholics, pending papal...
Appointed by Pope Benedict XVI
Consistory of 24 March 2006- Agostino ValliniAgostino ValliniAgostino Vallini is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as Vicar General of Rome, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2006.-Biography:...
(Italy) - born 17 April 1940 - Vicar General for the Diocese of Rome - Jorge UrosaJorge Urosa-External links:**...
(VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
) - born 28 August 1942 - Archbishop of CaracasRoman Catholic Archdiocese of CaracasThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Caracas , is an ecclesiastical territory over which it exercises ecclesiastical jurisdiction, the Archbishop of Caracas, as a representative of the Roman Catholic Church in Venezuela. It was founded as the Diocese of Caracas on June 20, 1637, and was... - Gaudencio Borbon Rosales (Philippines) - born 10 August 1932 - Archbishop Emeritus of ManilaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of ManilaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila or Archdiocese of Manila is a particular Church or Diocese of the Catholic Church in the Philippines. It is also considered as the primatial see of the country, currently headed by the Archbishop of Manila and it enjoys primacy over the other dioceses in...
- Jean-Pierre Ricard (France) - born 25 September 1944 - Archbishop of Bordeaux
- Antonio Cañizares Llovera (Spain) - born 15 October 1945 - Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsCongregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the SacramentsThe Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments is the congregation of the Roman Curia that handles most affairs relating to liturgical practices of the Latin Catholic Church as distinct from the Eastern Catholic Churches and also some technical matters relating to the...
- Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk (South KoreaSouth KoreaThe Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
) - born 7 December 1931 - Archbishop of Seoul - Seán Patrick O'Malley (United States) - born 29 June 1944 - Archbishop of BostonRoman Catholic Archdiocese of BostonThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. It comprises several counties of the state of Massachusetts...
- Stanisław Dziwisz (Poland) - born 27 April 1939 - Archbishop of Kraków
- Carlo Caffarra (Italy) - born 1 June 1938 - Archbishop of Bologna
- Joseph Zen Ze-Kiun (Hong KongHong KongHong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...
) - born 13 January 1932 - Bishop Emeritus of Hong Kong
Consistory of 24 November 2007
- Seán BradySeán BradySeán Baptist Brady is an Irish cardinal of the Catholic Church. He is the current Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007.-Early life and education:...
(Ireland) - born 16 August 1939 - Archbishop of Armagh - Lluís Martínez SistachLluís Martínez SistachLluís Cardinal Martínez Sistach is the current Archbishop of Barcelona.Martínez Sistach is the son of Juan Martínez Puig, a commercial representative, and María Sistach Masllorens, a housewife; they had three children, two girls and Lluís; they resided in the neighborhood of Guinardó, where his...
(Spain) - born 29 April 1937 - Archbishop of BarcelonaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of BarcelonaThe Archdiocese of Barcelona is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical territory in southeastern Spain and the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Barcelona which includes the suffragan dioceses of Sant Feliu de Llobregat and Terrassa.... - André Armand Vingt-Trois (France) - born 7 November 1942 - Archbishop of Paris
- Angelo BagnascoAngelo BagnascoAngelo Bagnasco is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as Archbishop of Genoa and President of the Italian Episcopal Conference , and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007....
(Italy) - born 14 January 1943 - Archbishop of GenoaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of GenoaThe Archdiocese of Genoa is a metropolitan see of the Catholic Church in Italy.Erected in the third century, it was elevated to an archdiocese on 20 March 1133... - Théodore-Adrien SarrThéodore-Adrien SarrThéodore-Adrien Sarr is a Senegalese Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as Archbishop of Dakar, having previously served as Bishop of Kaolack from 1974 to 2000, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007....
(SenegalSenegalSenegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north...
) - born 28 November 1936 - Archbishop of Dakar - Oswald GraciasOswald GraciasOswald Gracias is a Goan Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He serves as Archbishop of Bombay, having been appointed by Pope Benedict XVI on 14 October 2006, and was raised to the cardinalate in 2007...
(India) - born 24 December 1944 - Archbishop of BombayRoman Catholic Archdiocese of BombayThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in India. The archdiocese has been a metropolitan see since the time it was elevated by Pope Leo XIII on September 1, 1886. The ecclesiastical province of Bombay includes the suffragan dioceses of Nashik,... - Francisco Robles OrtegaFrancisco Robles OrtegaFrancisco Robles Ortega is a Mexican Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, having been elevated to the cardinalate in 2007...
(Mexico) - born 2 March 1949 - Archbishop of Monterrey - Daniel DiNardoDaniel DiNardoDaniel Nicholas DiNardo is an American cardinal of the Catholic Church. He is the second and current Archbishop of Galveston-Houston, serving since 2006. He previously served as Bishop of Sioux City from 1998 to 2004....
(United States) - born 23 May 1949 - Archbishop of Galveston-HoustonRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-HoustonThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston encompasses of ten counties in the southeastern area of Texas: Galveston; Harris; Austin; Brazoria; Fort Bend; Grimes; Montgomery; San Jacinto; Walker; and Waller.The chancery of the diocese is located in Downtown Houston. The Archdiocese's... - Odilo Pedro Scherer (Brazil) - born 21 September 1949 - Archbishop of São PauloRoman Catholic Archdiocese of São PauloThe Archdiocese of São Paulo is a major see in the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Diocese of São Paulo was erected by Pope Benedict XIV on 6 December 1745. It became an Archdiocese on 7 June 1908...
- John NjueJohn NjueJohn Njue is a Kenyan Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the fourth and current Archbishop of Nairobi, having previously served as Coadjutor Archbishop of Nyeri and Bishop of Embu . He was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007.-Biography:Njue was born in Embu, Kenya, to Joseph Nyanga...
(KenyaKenyaKenya , officially known as the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator, with the Indian Ocean to its south-east...
) - born 1944 - Archbishop of Nairobi - Estanislao Esteban KarlicEstanislao Esteban KarlicEstanislao Esteban Karlic is an Argentine Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Paraná from 1986 to 2003, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007.-Biography:...
* (Argentina) - born 7 February 1926 - Archbishop Emeritus of ParanáRoman Catholic Archdiocese of ParanáThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paraná is a metropolitan diocese, responsible for the suffragan Dioceses of Concordia and Gualeguaychú...
Consistory of 20 November 2010
- Medardo Joseph MazombweMedardo Joseph MazombweMedardo Joseph Mazombwe is a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the former Archbishop of Lusaka and Bishop of Chipata ....
* (ZambiaZambiaZambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
) - born 24 September 1931 - Archbishop Emeritus of LusakaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of LusakaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lusaka in Zambia covers an area of 64,000 km² . As of 2004, of the 3.3 million citizens in the area, 736,194 are members of the Catholic Church... - Raúl Eduardo Vela ChiribogaRaúl Eduardo Vela ChiribogaRaúl Eduardo Vela Chiriboga is the Archbishop Emeritus of Quito. He served as archbishop of Quito and the Primate of Ecuador from 2003 to 2010 when Fausto Trávez Trávez was appointed to replace Archbishop Vela Chiriboga....
(EcuadorEcuadorEcuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
) - born 1 January 1934 - Archbishop Emeritus of Quito - Laurent Monsengwo PasinyaLaurent Monsengwo PasinyaLaurent Monsengwo Pasinya is the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Kinshasa and de facto primate of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since his appointment by Pope Benedict XVI in 2007....
(Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the CongoThe Democratic Republic of the Congo is a state located in Central Africa. It is the second largest country in Africa by area and the eleventh largest in the world...
) - born 7 October 1939 - Archbishop of Kinshasa - Paolo RomeoPaolo RomeoPaolo Romeo STL JCD is the current Cardinal Archbishop of Palermo. He was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI on 19 December 2006.Romeo was the fifth of nine children...
(Italy) - born 20 February 1938 - Archbishop of PalermoRoman Catholic Archdiocese of PalermoThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Palermo was founded as the Diocese of Palermo in the 1st Century but was raised to the level of an archdiocese in the 11th century... - Donald William Wuerl (United States) - born 12 November 1940 - Archbishop of WashingtonRoman Catholic Archdiocese of WashingtonThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States. It comprises the District of Columbia and Calvert, Charles, Montgomery, Prince George's and Saint Mary's counties in the state of Maryland....
- Raymundo Damasceno AssisRaymundo Damasceno AssisRaymundo Damasceno Assis is an Brazilan Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was auxiliary bishop of Brasilla. He is current archbishop of Aparecida.-Early life and ordination:...
(Brazil) - born 15 February 1937 - Archbishop of AparecidaRoman Catholic Archdiocese of AparecidaThe Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Aparecida is an archdiocese located in the city of Aparecida in Brazil.-History:* 19 April 1958: Established as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Aparecida from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of São Paulo and Diocese of Taubaté... - Kazimierz NyczKazimierz NyczKazimierz Nycz is a Polish prelate, a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current Cardinal Archbishop of Warsaw, having previously served as Bishop of Koszalin-Kołobrzeg from 2004 to 2007. Pope Benedict XVI elevated Archbishop Nycz to the status of Cardinal in the consistory of 20...
(Poland) - born 1 February 1950 - Archbishop of WarsawRoman Catholic Archdiocese of WarsawThe Archdiocese of Warsaw is a Catholic ecclesiastical territory or diocese in Poland encompassing the Polish capital. It was erected on October 16, 1798.It was elevated to an Archdiocese on June 30, 1813.... - Albert Malcolm Ranjith Patanbendige DonMalcolm RanjithAlbert Malcolm Ranjith Patabendige Don , often known simply as Malcolm Ranjith or Albert Malcolm Ranjith is a Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church who serves as the de facto primate of Sri Lanka...
(Sri LankaSri LankaSri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
) - born 15 November 1947 - Archbishop of ColomboRoman Catholic Archdiocese of ColomboThe Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Colombo is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Sri Lanka. It was erected as the Diocese of Ceylon from Diocese of Cochin by Pope Gregory XVI on December 3, 1834, and renamed as the Diocese of Colombo on February 17,... - Reinhard MarxReinhard MarxReinhard Marx is a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as the incumbent Cardinal archbishop of Munich and Freising. Pope Benedict XVI elevated Cardinal Marx to the cardinalate in a consistory on 20 November 2010...
(Germany) - born 21 September 1953 - Archbishop of Munich and FreisingRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Munich and FreisingThe Archdiocese of Munich and Freising is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Bavaria, Germany. It is led by the prelature of the Archbishop of Munich, who administers the see from the mother church in Munich, the Frauenkirche, also known as Munich Cathedral... - José Manuel Estepa LlaurensJosé Manuel Estepa LlaurensJosé Manuel Estepa Llaurens is a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Military Archbishop Emeritus of Spain.Born in Andújar, Spain on 1 January 1926. He studied philosophy at the Pontifical University of Salamanca and theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, where he obtained...
* (Spain) - born 1 January 1926 - Military Archbishop Emeritus of SpainMilitary Archbishopric of SpainThe Military Archbishopric of Spain is a military ordinariate of the Roman Catholic Church. Immediately subject to the Holy See, it provides pastoral care to Roman Catholics serving in the Spanish Armed Forces and their families.-History:...
Cardinals of the Order of Deacons
Cardinal Deacons have the right to apply to become Cardinal Priests after ten years as Cardinal Deacons. All living eligible Cardinal Deacons have exercised this right.Appointed by Pope John Paul II
Consistory of 21 October 2003- Jean-Louis Tauran (France) - born 3 April 1943 - President of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious DialoguePontifical Council for Interreligious DialogueThe Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue is a dicastery of the Roman Curia, erected by Pope Paul VI on 19 May 1964 as the Secretariat for Non-Christians, and renamed by Pope John Paul II on 28 June 1988....
, Cardinal Protodeacon since February 2011 - Renato Raffaele Martino (Italy) - born 23 November 1932 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Justice and PeacePontifical Council for Justice and PeaceThe Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace is a part of the Roman Curia dedicated to "action-oriented studies" for the international promotion of justice, peace, and human rights from the perspective of the Roman Catholic Church...
- Francesco Marchisano* (Italy) - born 25 June 1929 - President Emeritus of the Office of Labor of the Apostolic See
- Julián Herranz CasadoJulián Herranz CasadoJulián Herranz Casado is a Spanish Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as President of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts in the Roman Curia from 1994 to 2007, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2003.One of only two cardinals—along with Juan Luis...
* (Spain) - born 31 March 1930 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for Legislative TextsPontifical Council for Legislative TextsThe Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts is part of the Roman Curia. Its work "consists mainly in interpreting the laws of the Church". .... - Javier Lozano Barragán (Mexico) - born 26 January 1933 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care WorkersPontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care WorkersThe Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers was set up by the Motu Proprio Dolentium Hominum of 11 February 1985, by Pope John Paul II who reformed the Pontifical Commission for the Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers into its present form in 1988. It is part of the...
- Attilio Nicora (Italy) - born 16 March 1937 - President of the Financial Information AuthorityFinancial Information AuthorityThe Financial Information Authority is an institution connected to the Holy See and a canonical and Vatican civil juridic person established by Pope Benedict XVI on 30 December 2010....
- Georges Marie Martin Cottier*; OP (Switzerland) - born 25 April 1922 - Titular Archbishop of Tullia, retired as Pro-Theologian of the Pontifical Household and as Secretary-General of the International Theological CommissionInternational Theological CommissionThe International Theological Commission of the Roman Catholic Church consists of up to 30 Catholic theologians from around the world. These theologians are appointed for renewable five year terms and have tended to meet together in person once every year for a week...
- Stanisław Nagy* (Poland) - born 30 September 1921 - Titular Archbishop of Holar and Professor Emeritus of Theology
Appointed by Pope Benedict XVI
Consistory of 24 March 2006- William Joseph Levada (United States) - born 15 June 1936 - Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the FaithCongregation for the Doctrine of the FaithThe Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith , previously known as the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition , and after 1904 called the Supreme...
- Franc Rodé (Slovenia) - born 23 September 1934 - Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic LifeCongregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic LifeThe Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for everything which concerns institutes of consecrated life and Society of Apostolic Life regarding their government, discipline, studies, goods, rights, and...
- Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo* (Italy) - born 27 August 1925 - Archpriest Emeritus of the Basilica of St. Paul Outside the Walls
- Albert VanhoyeAlbert VanhoyeAlbert Vanhoye is a priest of the Society of Jesus and an exegete. He was created cardinal in 2006. He gave the 2008 Lenten Papal and Curial Retreat.-Formation and studies:...
* (France) - born 23 July 1923 - formerly rector of the Pontifical Biblical InstitutePontifical Biblical InstituteThe Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome, Italy is an institution of the Holy See run by the Jesuits that offers instruction at the university level...
and secretary of the Pontifical Biblical CommissionPontifical Biblical CommissionThe Pontifical Biblical Commission is an organism established within the Roman Curia to ensure the proper interpretation and defense of Sacred Scripture.-The Commission 1901-1971:...
Consistory of 24 November 2007
- Leonardo SandriLeonardo SandriLeonardo Sandri is a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches in the Roman Curia, having previously served as Apostolic Nuncio to Venezuela , Apostolic Nuncio to Mexico and Substitute for General Affairs...
(Argentina) - born 18 November 1943 - Prefect of the Congregation for the Oriental ChurchesCongregation for the Oriental ChurchesThe Congregation for the Oriental Churches is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic Churches for the sake of assisting their development, protecting their rights and also maintaining whole and entire in the one Catholic Church, alongside the liturgical,... - John Patrick FoleyJohn Patrick FoleyJohn Patrick Foley is an American Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. From 2007 until 2011, he was Grand Master of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, having previously served as President of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications from 1984 to 2007. He was...
(United States) - born 11 November 1935 - Grand Master Emeritus of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem - Giovanni LajoloGiovanni LajoloGiovanni Lajolo is the Cardinal emeritus President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and emeritus President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.-Early life and ordination:...
(Italy) - born 3 January 1935 - President Emeritus of the Governorate of Vatican City StatePresident of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City StateThe President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State is the leader of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, the legislative body of Vatican City. As a senior member of the Roman Curia, the president is normally a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church... - Paul Josef CordesPaul Josef CordesPaul Josef Cordes is a German Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as President of the Pontifical Council Cor Unum , and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007.-Youth:...
(Germany) - born 5 September 1935 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Council Cor UnumPontifical Council Cor UnumThe Pontifical Council Cor Unum for Human and Christian Development is a part of the Curia of the Catholic Church. It was established by Pope Paul VI on 15 July 1971 and is based in the Palazzo San Callisto, in Piazza San Callisto, Rome.... - Angelo ComastriAngelo ComastriAngelo Comastri is an Italian clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current President of the Fabric of Saint Peter, Archpriest of St. Peter's Basilica, and Vicar General for the Vatican City State. He previously served as Bishop of Massa Marittima-Piombino and Territorial Prelate of...
(Italy) - born 17 September 1943 - Archpriest of St. Peter's BasilicaSt. Peter's BasilicaThe Papal Basilica of Saint Peter , officially known in Italian as ' and commonly known as Saint Peter's Basilica, is a Late Renaissance church located within the Vatican City. Saint Peter's Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world...
, Vicar General for the Vatican City StateVicar General for the Vatican City StateThe Vicar General for the Vatican City State or more formally the Vicar General of His Holiness for the State of Vatican City is an appointed position within the Roman Catholic Church, appointed by the Pope...
, and President of the Fabric of St. Peter - Stanisław Ryłko (Poland) - born 4 July 1945 - President of the Pontifical Council for the LaityPontifical Council for the LaityThe Pontifical Council for the Laity has the responsibility of assisting the Pope in his dealings with the laity in lay ecclesial movements or individually, and their contributions to the Church. The Cardinal President of the Council is Cardinal Stanisław Ryłko. The Secretary is Bishop Josef...
- Raffaele FarinaRaffaele FarinaRaffaele Farina, SDB is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as Archivist of the Vatican Secret Archives, Librarian of the Vatican Library, and president of Scuola Vaticana di Paleografia, Diplomatica e Archivistica...
(Italy) - born 24 September 1933 - LibrarianVatican LibraryThe Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
and ArchivistVatican Secret ArchivesThe Vatican Secret Archives , located in Vatican City, is the central repository for all of the acts promulgated by the Holy See. The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, having primal incumbency until death, owns the archives until the next appointed Papal successor...
of the Holy Roman Church - Giovanni CoppaGiovanni CoppaGiovanni Coppa is an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He has served as a diplomat of the Holy See, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 2007.-Biography:...
* (Italy) - born 9 November 1925 - Apostolic Nuncio Emeritus to Czech RepublicCzech RepublicThe Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
Consistory of 20 November 2010
- Angelo AmatoAngelo AmatoAngelo Amato, S.D.B. is a cardinal of the Catholic Church and currently serves as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints. He previously served as Secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith from 2002 to 2008.-Education:He entered the Salesians, after completing...
(Italy) - born 8 June 1938 - Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of SaintsCongregation for the Causes of SaintsThe Congregation for the Causes of Saints is the congregation of the Roman Curia which oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification... - Robert SarahRobert SarahRobert Sarah is a Guinean Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church; he is the current President of the Pontifical Council Cor Unum since his appointment by Pope Benedict XVI on 7 October 2010. He had previously served as secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples...
(GuineaGuineaGuinea , officially the Republic of Guinea , is a country in West Africa. Formerly known as French Guinea , it is today sometimes called Guinea-Conakry to distinguish it from its neighbour Guinea-Bissau. Guinea is divided into eight administrative regions and subdivided into thirty-three prefectures...
) - born 15 June 1945 - President of the Pontifical Council Cor UnumPontifical Council Cor UnumThe Pontifical Council Cor Unum for Human and Christian Development is a part of the Curia of the Catholic Church. It was established by Pope Paul VI on 15 July 1971 and is based in the Palazzo San Callisto, in Piazza San Callisto, Rome.... - Francesco MonterisiFrancesco MonterisiFrancesco Marco Nicola Monterisi is an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.-Early life and ordination:After his elementary and secondary studies in Barletta, he entered the Pontifical Minor Seminary, Rome; and then, the Pontifical Major Seminary...
(Italy) - born 28 May 1934 - Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the WallsBasilica of Saint Paul Outside the WallsThe Papal Basilica of St Paul Outside the Walls , commonly known as St Paul's Outside the Walls, is one of four churches that are the great ancient major basilicas or papal basilicas of Rome: the basilicas of St. John Lateran, St. Mary Major, and St. Peter's and Saint Paul Outside the Walls... - Fortunato BaldelliFortunato BaldelliFortunato Baldelli is an Italian Catholic Cardinal. He served as Apostolic Nuncio in France from June 1999 until his appointment as Major Penitentiary of the Apostolic Penitentiary on 2 June 2009 by Pope Benedict XVI....
(Italy) - born 6 August 1935 - Major PenitentiaryApostolic PenitentiaryThe Apostolic Penitentiary, formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary, is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia. The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy, responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church.The... - Raymond Leo BurkeRaymond Leo BurkeRaymond Leo Burke is an American Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church. He is the current Cardinal Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, having previously served as Archbishop of St...
(United States) - born 30 June 1948 - Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura - Kurt KochKurt KochKurt Koch is a Swiss Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, currently serving as president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity since his appointment was announced on 1 July 2010...
(Switzerland) - born 15 March 1950 - President of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityPontifical Council for Promoting Christian UnityThe Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962–1965.Pope John XXIII wanted the Catholic Church to engage in the contemporary ecumenical movement... - Paolo SardiPaolo SardiPaolo Sardi STL is an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the current patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta....
(Italy) - born 1 September 1934 - Patron of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta - Mauro PiacenzaMauro PiacenzaMauro Piacenza JCD is an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves as Prefect of the Congregation for the Clergy in the Roman Curia since his appointment by Pope Benedict XVI on 7 October 2010. He had previously served as Secretary from 2007 until becoming Prefect.Piacenza...
(Italy) - born 15 September 1944 - Prefect of the Congregation for the ClergyCongregation for the ClergyThe Sacred Congregation for the Clergy is the congregation of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders... - Velasio De PaolisVelasio de PaolisVelasio de Paolis, CS JCD STL is an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was president emeritus of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See and is Pontifical Delegate for the Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ.-Early life:De Paolis was born in Sonnino, and became a...
(Italy) - born 19 September 1935 - President Emeritus of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy SeePrefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy SeeThe Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See is an office of the Roman Curia, erected on 15 August 1967, and entrusted with overseeing all the offices of the Holy See that manage finances, regardless of their degree of autonomy.... - Gianfranco RavasiGianfranco RavasiGianfranco Ravasi is an Italian prelate, a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He currently serves in the Roman Curia as President of the Pontifical Council for Culture. On 20 November 2010 Ravasi was created cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI.-Early life:The eldest of three children, Gianfranco...
(Italy) - born 18 October 1942 - President of the Pontifical Council for CulturePontifical Council for CultureThe Pontifical Council for Culture is a department of the Roman Curia charged with fostering the relationship of the Catholic Church with different cultures. Pope John Paul II founded it on 20 May 1982... - Elio SgrecciaElio SgrecciaElio Sgreccia is a bioethicist and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is President emeritus of the Pontifical Academy for Life....
* (Italy) - born 6 June 1928 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Academy for LifePontifical Academy for LifeThe Pontifical Academy for Life or Pontificia Accademia Pro Vita is a Pontifical Academy of the Roman Catholic Church dedicated to promoting the Church's consistent life ethic... - Walter BrandmüllerWalter BrandmüllerWalter Brandmüller PhD is a cardinal of the Catholic Church and President Emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences....
* (Germany) - born 26 January 1929 - President Emeritus of the Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences - Domenico BartolucciDomenico BartolucciDomenico Bartolucci is an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He is Director Emeritus of the Sistine Chapel Choir and the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, and is recognized in the field of music both as a director and a prolific composer...
* (Italy) - born 7 May 1917 - Director Emeritus of the Sistine Chapel ChoirSistine Chapel ChoirThe Sistine Chapel Choir is a choir based in Vatican City and is one of the oldest religious choirs in the world. At present, the choir comprises approximately twenty adult singers and thirty unpaid boy choristers .-Middle Ages :Although it is known that the Church, from her earliest days,...
See also
- Palatine Cardinals
- sortable List of living cardinals
- Catholic Church hierarchy
- Bishop (Catholic Church)
- Catholic Church by country
- Camerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsCamerlengo of the Sacred College of CardinalsThe Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals was the treasurer of that body.He administered all property, fees, funds and revenue belonging to the College of Cardinals, celebrated the requiem Mass for a deceased cardinal and was charged with the registry of the Acta Consistoralia.It is...
External links
- The College of Cardinals — Holy See Press Office
- GCatholic.com - extensive information on all cardinals since the 17th century
- Cardinals of the Catholic Church - sortable list, often slightly out of date on deaths
- Catholic-Hierarchy.org, with entry into extensive databases.
- The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, by Salvador Miranda, with fuller biographical notices
- Cardinalrating.com- includes Collected Press Articles on present cardinals, in various languages