Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray
Encyclopedia
Patrick Gray, 4th Lord Gray (c. 1518 -1584) was a Scottish landowner and Sheriff of Angus
active during the war of the Rough Wooing as a supporter of the Scottish Reformation
.
treasury, and was confirmed Lord Gray on 14 September 1542. He was still paying Regent Arran in 1543.
Patrick Gray married Marion Ogilvy in 1537. Their son was Patrick Gray, 5th Lord Gray. Patrick was married again to Margaret Ker, daughter of Sir Walter Ker of Cessford
, in 1557. The chief residence of the Grays was Fowlis Castle in the Carse of Gowrie
, and they lived at Castle Huntly
near Dundee. In 1583, an English list of the Scottish nobility described Patrick with an interesting but inaccurate English pedigree;
and was held by the Archbishop of York
. When he returned to Scotland he made a band of friendship or 'manrent' with Cardinal David Beaton
at St Andrews on 22 October 1544.
On 11 March 1547, during the siege at St Andrews Castle
, Gray made a pledge to Edward VI of England
. This contract stated that for English assistance in re-instating his rights over Perth
, and the return of his brother, who was a hostage (called a "pledge" in the language of the time) in England; Patrick Gray would further the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to Edward VI, and deliver Broughty Castle
and the Spey Tower at Perth to the English army. This instrument was witnessed by Norman Leslie
, James Kirkcaldy of Grange
, Henry Balnaves
, and Alexander Whitelaw of Newgrange.
Gray asked to be compensated for his fishing rights at Broughty; he was duly paid £1000 on 14 November 1547 by Sir Andrew Dudley
, an English soldier and brother of the Duke of Northumberland
. At the same time, the Master of Ruthven
, whose father was Provost of Perth and Gray's rival, offered to deliver Perth to the English. In June 1548, Thomas Fisher brought him the Lord Protector's
thanks, a gold chain, a pension of 1000 crowns and a gift of 300 crowns. Gray was captured by French troops in November 1548 and summoned for treason on 18 December 1548. D'Essé
, the French commander, wanted him executed, but Regent Arran and the other Scottish lords protested.
, Mary of Guise
wrote to Lord Gray on 11 May 1560 to inform him of the defeat of an English assault at the Siege of Leith
. In August 1560, Lord Gray attended the Scottish Reformation Parliament
, and signed the commission for the marriage of James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
to Elizabeth I of England
, (which had no effect). Some years before, Gray had been captured by the English at a border incident called the Raid of Swinton
. In 1562 he was detained in England, on account of his old bail conditions - he had been, "lattin hame upoun ane band." Mary, Queen of Scots, wrote to Elizabeth to complain at his ill-treatment.
Angus
Angus is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, a registration county and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Perth and Kinross and Dundee City...
active during the war of the Rough Wooing as a supporter of the Scottish Reformation
Scottish Reformation
The Scottish Reformation was Scotland's formal break with the Papacy in 1560, and the events surrounding this. It was part of the wider European Protestant Reformation; and in Scotland's case culminated ecclesiastically in the re-establishment of the church along Reformed lines, and politically in...
.
Family
Patrick Gray was the son of Egidia Mercer and Gilbert Gray of Buttergask half-brother of Patrick Gray, 3rd Lord Gray, and the grandson of Andrew Gray, 2nd Lord Gray. He became Lord Gray in April 1541 after the death of his uncle. In order to succeed to the Gray lands as heir of his grandfather he had to pay 10,000 marks to James V'sJames V of Scotland
James V was King of Scots from 9 September 1513 until his death, which followed the Scottish defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss...
treasury, and was confirmed Lord Gray on 14 September 1542. He was still paying Regent Arran in 1543.
Patrick Gray married Marion Ogilvy in 1537. Their son was Patrick Gray, 5th Lord Gray. Patrick was married again to Margaret Ker, daughter of Sir Walter Ker of Cessford
Cessford Castle
Cessford Castle is a ruined L-plan castle lying equidistant between the Royal Burgh of Jedburgh, and the Burghs of Kelso and Kirk Yetholm, in the historic county of Roxburghshire, now a division of the Scottish Borders...
, in 1557. The chief residence of the Grays was Fowlis Castle in the Carse of Gowrie
Carse of Gowrie
The Carse of Gowrie consists of a stretch of low-lying country in the southern part of Gowrie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. It stretches for about 20 miles along the north shore of the Firth of Tay between Perth and Dundee. The area offers high quality agricultural land and is well known as a major...
, and they lived at Castle Huntly
Castle Huntly
Castle Huntly sits approximately seven miles west of Dundee in the Carse of Gowrie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. It is situated close to the shore of the Firth of Tay and can be seen from the main road linking Dundee and Perth. The castle sits on top of a rocky outcrop surrounded by what is now...
near Dundee. In 1583, an English list of the Scottish nobility described Patrick with an interesting but inaccurate English pedigree;
"an aged man, esteemed to come of English bloode, that came into Scotlande with the Lady Somerset, wyef to King James the FirsteJames I of ScotlandJames I, King of Scots , was the son of Robert III and Annabella Drummond. He was probably born in late July 1394 in Dunfermline as youngest of three sons...
. In religion suspected; of no greate power or frendes. His eldest sonne married th'erle of Gowrie'sWilliam Ruthven, 1st Earl of GowrieWilliam Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie , known as The Lord Ruthven between 1566 and 1581, was a son of Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven.-Life account:...
father's sister, and his other the daughter of Lord Glamis."
Rough Wooing
Lord Gray was captured by the English at the Battle of Solway MossBattle of Solway Moss
The Battle of Solway Moss took place on Solway Moss near the River Esk on the English side of the Anglo-Scottish Border in November 1542 between forces from England and Scotland.-Background:...
and was held by the Archbishop of York
Edward Lee (bishop)
Edward Lee was archbishop of York from 1531 until his death.- Early life :He was son of Richard Lee of Lee Magna, Kent, who was the son of Sir Richard Lee, lord mayor of London in 1461 and 1470. He was born in Kent in or about 1482...
. When he returned to Scotland he made a band of friendship or 'manrent' with Cardinal David Beaton
David Beaton
The Most Rev. Dr. David Cardinal Beaton was Archbishop of St Andrews and the last Scottish Cardinal prior to the Reformation.-Career:...
at St Andrews on 22 October 1544.
On 11 March 1547, during the siege at St Andrews Castle
St Andrews Castle
St Andrew's Castle is a picturesque ruin located in the coastal Royal Burgh of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. The castle sits on a rocky promontory overlooking a small beach called Castle Sands and the adjoining North Sea. There has been a castle standing at the site since the times of Bishop Roger...
, Gray made a pledge to Edward VI of England
Edward VI of England
Edward VI was the King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death. He was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine. The son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was the third monarch of the Tudor dynasty and England's first monarch who was raised as a Protestant...
. This contract stated that for English assistance in re-instating his rights over Perth
Perth, Scotland
Perth is a town and former city and royal burgh in central Scotland. Located on the banks of the River Tay, it is the administrative centre of Perth and Kinross council area and the historic county town of Perthshire...
, and the return of his brother, who was a hostage (called a "pledge" in the language of the time) in England; Patrick Gray would further the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to Edward VI, and deliver Broughty Castle
Broughty Castle
Broughty Castle is a historic castle in Broughty Ferry, Dundee, Scotland. It was completed around 1495, although the site was earlier fortified in 1454 when George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus received permission to build on the site. His son Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus was coerced into...
and the Spey Tower at Perth to the English army. This instrument was witnessed by Norman Leslie
Norman Leslie (soldier)
Norman Leslie , was a 16th-century Scottish nobleman. The leader of the party who assassinated Cardinal Beaton, he was forced to flee Scotland, serving the monarchs of England and France...
, James Kirkcaldy of Grange
James Kirkcaldy of Grange
James Kirkcaldy of Grange was a Fife laird and treasurer of Scotland.He married Janet Melville, aunt of Sir James Melville of Halhill. Their heir was William Kirkcaldy of Grange. His main property at the Grange was called Halyards Palace...
, Henry Balnaves
Henry Balnaves
Henry Balnaves was a Scottish politician and religious reformer.-Biography:Born in Kirkcaldy, Fife, around 1512, he was educated at the University of St Andrews and on the continent, where he adopted Protestant views. Returning to Scotland, he continued his legal studies and in 1538 was appointed...
, and Alexander Whitelaw of Newgrange.
Gray asked to be compensated for his fishing rights at Broughty; he was duly paid £1000 on 14 November 1547 by Sir Andrew Dudley
Andrew Dudley
Sir Andrew Dudley, KG was an English soldier, courtier, and diplomat. A younger brother of John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, he served in Henry VIII's navy and obtained court offices under Edward VI...
, an English soldier and brother of the Duke of Northumberland
John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland
John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, KG was an English general, admiral, and politician, who led the government of the young King Edward VI from 1550 until 1553, and unsuccessfully tried to install Lady Jane Grey on the English throne after the King's death...
. At the same time, the Master of Ruthven
Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven
Patrick Ruthven, 3rd Lord Ruthven , played an important part in the political intrigues of the 16th century. He succeeded to the lordship in December 1552...
, whose father was Provost of Perth and Gray's rival, offered to deliver Perth to the English. In June 1548, Thomas Fisher brought him the Lord Protector's
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, 1st Earl of Hertford, 1st Viscount Beauchamp of Hache, KG, Earl Marshal was Lord Protector of England in the period between the death of Henry VIII in 1547 and his own indictment in 1549....
thanks, a gold chain, a pension of 1000 crowns and a gift of 300 crowns. Gray was captured by French troops in November 1548 and summoned for treason on 18 December 1548. D'Essé
André de Montalembert
André de Montalembert , Seigneur d'Essé, was a French noble man and officer of the 16th century. As a young boy he fought in the Italian Wars...
, the French commander, wanted him executed, but Regent Arran and the other Scottish lords protested.
Later life
During the crisis of the Scottish ReformationScottish Reformation
The Scottish Reformation was Scotland's formal break with the Papacy in 1560, and the events surrounding this. It was part of the wider European Protestant Reformation; and in Scotland's case culminated ecclesiastically in the re-establishment of the church along Reformed lines, and politically in...
, Mary of Guise
Mary of Guise
Mary of Guise was a queen consort of Scotland as the second spouse of King James V. She was the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots, and served as regent of Scotland in her daughter's name from 1554 to 1560...
wrote to Lord Gray on 11 May 1560 to inform him of the defeat of an English assault at the Siege of Leith
Siege of Leith
The Siege of Leith ended a twelve year encampment of French troops at Leith, the port near Edinburgh, Scotland. The French troops arrived by invitation in 1548 and left in 1560 after the English arrived to assist in removing them from Scotland...
. In August 1560, Lord Gray attended the Scottish Reformation Parliament
Scottish Reformation Parliament
The Scottish Reformation Parliament is the name given to the Scottish Parliament commencing in 1560 that passed the major pieces of legislation leading to the Scottish Reformation, most importantly Confession of Faith Ratification Act 1560; and Papal Jurisdiction Act 1560 .right|thumb|[[John...
, and signed the commission for the marriage of James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran
James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran was a Scottish nobleman and soldier who fought against French troops during the Scottish Reformation....
to Elizabeth I of England
Elizabeth I of England
Elizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty...
, (which had no effect). Some years before, Gray had been captured by the English at a border incident called the Raid of Swinton
Swinton, Scottish Borders
Swinton is a small village in the Scottish Borders. It is in the former county of Berwickshire, around south-east of Duns, and north-west of the Anglo-Scottish border.-History:...
. In 1562 he was detained in England, on account of his old bail conditions - he had been, "lattin hame upoun ane band." Mary, Queen of Scots, wrote to Elizabeth to complain at his ill-treatment.
Further reading
- Verschuur, Mary Black, 'Gray, Patrick, fourth Lord Gray (1515x20–1584).' Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. ed., H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. Online ed. Ed. Lawrence Goldman. May 2006. 6 Nov. 2010 subscription required