Pease family (Darlington)
Encyclopedia
The Pease family was a prominent English and mostly Quaker family associated with Darlington
and County Durham
and descended from Joseph Pease of Darlington, son of Edward Pease (1711–1785). They were 'one of the great Quaker industrialist families of the nineteenth century, who played a leading role in philanthropic and humanitarian interests'. The family earlier came from Fishlake
, Yorkshire
. They were heavily involved during the 19th century in woollen manufacturing, railways, coal mines, and politics. Notable events in their history include the establishment of the Stockton and Darlington Railway
in the 1820s and the failure of the family bank in 1902. The latter forced several of them close to bankruptcy. Nine members of the family were Members of Parliament, including the first Quaker MP.
Joseph Pease (1737-1808) founded Pease Partners Bank (1761). His children included
, sister of the judge Edward Fry
and aunt of Roger Fry
. These children included
Joseph Pease's sister Ann (?-1826) married Jonathan Backhouse (1747-1826) founder of Backhouse's Bank
in 1774 and was mother of
Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, part of the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It lies on the small River Skerne, a tributary of the River Tees, not far from the main river. It is the main population centre in the borough, with a population of 97,838 as of 2001...
and County Durham
County Durham
County Durham is a ceremonial county and unitary district in north east England. The county town is Durham. The largest settlement in the ceremonial county is the town of Darlington...
and descended from Joseph Pease of Darlington, son of Edward Pease (1711–1785). They were 'one of the great Quaker industrialist families of the nineteenth century, who played a leading role in philanthropic and humanitarian interests'. The family earlier came from Fishlake
Fishlake
Fishlake is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster. It has a population of 628.-References:...
, Yorkshire
Yorkshire
Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been increasingly undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform...
. They were heavily involved during the 19th century in woollen manufacturing, railways, coal mines, and politics. Notable events in their history include the establishment of the Stockton and Darlington Railway
Stockton and Darlington Railway
The Stockton and Darlington Railway , which opened in 1825, was the world's first publicly subscribed passenger railway. It was 26 miles long, and was built in north-eastern England between Witton Park and Stockton-on-Tees via Darlington, and connected to several collieries near Shildon...
in the 1820s and the failure of the family bank in 1902. The latter forced several of them close to bankruptcy. Nine members of the family were Members of Parliament, including the first Quaker MP.
Joseph Pease (1737-1808) founded Pease Partners Bank (1761). His children included
- Edward Pease (1767–1858), railway promoter and woollen manufacturer.
- Joseph Pease (1772-1846), a founder of the Peace SocietyPeace SocietyThe Peace Society, International Peace Society or London Peace Society originally known as the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, was a society founded on 14 June 1816 for the promotion of permanent and universal peace; it advocated a gradual, proportionate, and...
in 1807 and abolitionist.
Edward Pease's descendants
Edward Pease had five sons and three daughters, including:- John Pease (1797-1868), eldest son
- Sophia Fry née Pease (1837-1897), philanthropist and political activist, married Theodore FryTheodore FrySir Theodore Fry, 1st Baronet was an English Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 to 1895....
- Sophia Fry née Pease (1837-1897), philanthropist and political activist, married Theodore Fry
- Joseph Pease (railway pioneer) (1799-1872), second son. Railway owner, industrialist and first Quaker Member of Parliament. He had five sons and three daughters by his wife Emma Gurney, a first cousin of Joseph John GurneyJoseph John GurneyJoseph John Gurney was a banker in Norwich, England and an evangelical Minister of the Religious Society of Friends , whose views and actions led, ultimately, to a schism among American Quakers.-Biography:...
, including:- Joseph Whitwell Pease (1828-1903) - eldest son. 1st Baronet of Hutton Lowcross and Pinchinthorpe. Businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament (1865-1903). His two sons and six daughters by his wife, Mary Fox (daughter of Alfred FoxAlfred FoxAlfred Fox, of Falmouth, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, was owner and developer of Glendurgan Garden, now a National Trust property. He was a member of the Quaker Fox family of Falmouth.-Business interests:...
who created Glendurgan GardenGlendurgan GardenGlendurgan Garden is a National Trust garden situated above the hamlet of Durgan on the Helford River in Mawnan Smith, near Falmouth, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.Glendurgan Garden was laid out by Alfred Fox in the 1820s and 1830s...
), include- Alfred Edward Pease (1857-1939) - second baronet. Businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament (1885-1903). Settler and big game hunter in British East Africa. Married three times.
- Edward Pease (1880-1963) - 3rd Baronet
- Christopher York Pease (1886-1918) - killed during World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
- Alfred Vincent Pease (1926-2008) - 4th Baronet
- Joseph Gurney Pease (1927-) - 5th Baronet
- Joseph Albert "Jack" Pease, 1st Baron Gainford 1860-1943). Member of Parliament (1892-1917). Married Ethel, daughter of Sir Henry Marshman Havelock-Allan.
- Miriam Blanche Pease (1887-1965), HM Inspector of Factories
- Joseph Pease, 2nd Baron GainfordJoseph Pease, 2nd Baron GainfordJoseph Pease, 2nd Baron Gainford was the second Baron Gainford.He was the only son of the Liberal peer Joseph Albert Pease, 1st Baron Gainford and his wife Ethel Havelock-Allan, a daughter of Sir Henry Marshman Havelock-Allan, Bt.. He married 1921, Veronica Margaret Noble, daughter of Sir George...
(1889-1971) Major, Lovat Scouts WW1, served Gallipoli, Bulgaria, France. Businessman. Married 1921 Veronica Margaret (1900-1995), daughter of Sir George John William Noble, 2nd Baronet (1859-1937), son of Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet- Joseph Edward Pease, 3rd Baron Gainford (1921-)
- George Pease (1926-)
- John Michael Pease (1930-2007)
- Faith Muriel Pease (1902-1935), married 1924 Major Michael Wentworth Beaumont (1903-1958)
- Timothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of WhitleyTimothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of WhitleyTimothy Wentworth Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of Whitley was a United Kingdom politician and an Anglican clergyman. He was politically active, successively, in the Liberal Party, the Liberal Democrats and the Green Party...
(1928-2008)
- Timothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of Whitley
- Lucy Ethel Buxton née Pease (1868-1940) OBEOrder of the British EmpireThe Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is an order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by George V of the United Kingdom. The Order comprises five classes in civil and military divisions...
, married Gerald Buxton- Rebekah Mary Buxton, who married Ralph Clarke (British politician)Ralph Clarke (British politician)Colonel Sir Ralph Stephenson Clarke, KBE TD, DL was a British Conservative Party politician who served as Member of Parliament for East Grinstead from 1936 to 1955....
(1892 - 1970)
- Rebekah Mary Buxton, who married Ralph Clarke (British politician)
- Alfred Edward Pease (1857-1939) - second baronet. Businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament (1885-1903). Settler and big game hunter in British East Africa. Married three times.
- Elizabeth Lucy Pease (1833–1881), married John FowlerJohn Fowler (agricultural engineer)John Fowler was an English agricultural engineer who was a pioneer in the use of steam engines for ploughing and digging drainage channels...
, an engineer who invented a steam plough. - Edward Pease (1834-1880) - founded Darlington library.
- Beatrice Mary Pease (1866-1935) - married in 1885 the 6th Earl of PortsmouthEarl of PortsmouthEarl of Portsmouth is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1743 for John Wallop, 1st Viscount Lymington, who had previously represented Hampshire in the House of Commons. He had already been created Baron Wallop, of Farleigh Wallop in Hampshire in the County of Southampton,...
, Newton Wallop. After her marriage, she lodged a lawsuit against her uncle Joseph Whitwell Pease alleging that his bank had mismanaged her inheritance. He lost the suit and had to pay 500,000 pounds which caused the bank to be effectively bankrupt.
- Beatrice Mary Pease (1866-1935) - married in 1885 the 6th Earl of Portsmouth
- Arthur Pease (1837-1898)Arthur Pease (1837-1898)Arthur Pease, DL was a British politician, son of [Joseph Pease .He was Member of Parliament for Whitby from 1880 to 1885, and for Darlington from 1895 until his death in 1898....
- third son, Member of Parliament for WhitbyWhitbyWhitby is a seaside town, port and civil parish in the Scarborough borough of North Yorkshire, England. Situated on the east coast of Yorkshire at the mouth of the River Esk, Whitby has a combined maritime, mineral and tourist heritage, and is home to the ruins of Whitby Abbey where Caedmon, the...
(1880-1885) and Darlington (1895-1898)- Arthur Francis Pease (1866-1927) - first baronet. Coal owner. He was not involved in the collapse of the family bank, J. and J. W. Pease, in 1902 and was later a director of Lloyds BankLloyds BankLloyds Bank Plc was a British retail bank which operated in England and Wales from 1765 until its merger into Lloyds TSB in 1995; it remains a registered company but is currently dormant. It expanded during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and took over a number of smaller banking companies...
and the London and North Eastern RailwayLondon and North Eastern RailwayThe London and North Eastern Railway was the second-largest of the "Big Four" railway companies created by the Railways Act 1921 in Britain...
. Created baronet in 1920. He had a son and three daughters.- Richard Arthur Pease (1890-1969), second baronet
- Richard Thorn Pease (1922-), third baronet, director and vice-chairman of Barclays Bank
- Carolyn Thorn Pease, married to John Silvester Varley, former Chief Executive of Barclays Bank
- Nichola Pease, married to Crispin OdeyCrispin OdeyCrispin Odey is a London hedge fund manager as owner of Odey Asset Management. In 2008 he gave himself a £28,000,000 paypacket after predicting the credit crunch would happen and subsequently betting that Bear Stearns would go bankrupt....
- Richard Thorn Pease (1922-), third baronet, director and vice-chairman of Barclays Bank
- Richard Arthur Pease (1890-1969), second baronet
- Herbert Pike Pease, 1st Baron DaryngtonHerbert Pike Pease, 1st Baron DaryngtonHerbert Pike Pease, 1st Baron Daryngton was a British politician.Pease was born into a wealthy family, the son of the politician Arthur Pease and his wife Mary Lecky née Pike. His brother was Arthur Francis Pease. Both were educated at Brighton College...
(1867-1949). MP for Darlington 1898-1910, 1910-1923)- Jocelyn Arthur Pease, 2nd Baron Daryngton (1908-1994) (Peerage extinct upon his death)
- Arthur Francis Pease (1866-1927) - first baronet. Coal owner. He was not involved in the collapse of the family bank, J. and J. W. Pease, in 1902 and was later a director of Lloyds Bank
- Gurney Pease (1839-1872) - fourth son of Joseph Pease. His children include
- Wilson Pease (1867-1923) - ironfounder
- Katherine Maria RoutledgeKatherine RoutledgeKatherine Maria Routledge, née Pease was a British archaeologist who initiated the first true survey of Easter Island....
née Pease (1866-1935) - archaeologist associated with Easter IslandEaster IslandEaster Island is a Polynesian island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian triangle. A special territory of Chile that was annexed in 1888, Easter Island is famous for its 887 extant monumental statues, called moai, created by the early Rapanui people...
- Joseph Whitwell Pease (1828-1903) - eldest son. 1st Baronet of Hutton Lowcross and Pinchinthorpe. Businessman and Liberal Member of Parliament (1865-1903). His two sons and six daughters by his wife, Mary Fox (daughter of Alfred Fox
- Isaac Pease (1805-1825)
- Henry PeaseHenry Pease (MP)Henry Pease was a railway owner, peace campaigner and a Liberal politician who represented Durham South.Pease, a member of the Quaker Pease family of Darlington, was the fifth son of Edward Pease. He was a director of the Stockton and Darlington Railway and was responsible for the foundation of...
(1807-1881) - Fifth son. Railway owner. Founded the seaside resort of Saltburn-by-the-SeaSaltburn-by-the-SeaSaltburn-by-the-Sea is a seaside resort in the unitary authority of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. The town is around east of Middlesbrough, and had a population of 5,912 at the 2001 Census.-Old Saltburn:...
. Member of Parliament for South Durham (1857-1865), President of the Peace SocietyPeace SocietyThe Peace Society, International Peace Society or London Peace Society originally known as the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, was a society founded on 14 June 1816 for the promotion of permanent and universal peace; it advocated a gradual, proportionate, and...
. He had one son by his first wife, Anna Fell, and three sons and two daughters by his second, Mary Lloyd.- Henry Fell PeaseHenry Fell PeaseHenry Fell Pease was a coal and ironstone mine-owner from North East England and Liberal politician who represented Cleveland....
(1838-1896) - eldest son. Member of Parliament for Cleveland, YorkshireCleveland (UK Parliament constituency)Cleveland was a county constituency in the North Riding of Yorkshire.-Electorate:It returned one Member of Parliament to the British House of Commons, using the first past the post voting system...
- Henry Fell Pease
Joseph Pease's descendants
The second Joseph Pease married Elizabeth Beaumont of Feethams and had two children:- John Beaumount Pease (1803-1873) - married Sarah Fossick and had four sons and two daughters.
- John William Pease (1836-1901) married Helen Mary Fox (1838-1928) (daughter of Alfred FoxAlfred FoxAlfred Fox, of Falmouth, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, was owner and developer of Glendurgan Garden, now a National Trust property. He was a member of the Quaker Fox family of Falmouth.-Business interests:...
of the Fox family of FalmouthFox family of FalmouthThe Fox family of Falmouth, Cornwall, UK were very influential in the development of the town of Falmouth in the 19th century and of the Cornish Industrial Revolution...
who created Glendurgan GardenGlendurgan GardenGlendurgan Garden is a National Trust garden situated above the hamlet of Durgan on the Helford River in Mawnan Smith, near Falmouth, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.Glendurgan Garden was laid out by Alfred Fox in the 1820s and 1830s...
). With his brother-in-law Thomas HodgkinThomas Hodgkin (historian)Thomas Hodgkin , British historian, son of John Hodgkin , barrister and Quaker minister, and Elizabeth Howard ....
founded the Newcastle bank of Hodgkin, Barnett, Pease, Spence & Co that became part of Lloyds BankLloyds BankLloyds Bank Plc was a British retail bank which operated in England and Wales from 1765 until its merger into Lloyds TSB in 1995; it remains a registered company but is currently dormant. It expanded during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and took over a number of smaller banking companies...
in 1902.- John William Beaumont Pease (1869-1950) - first Baron WardingtonBaron WardingtonBaron Wardington, of Alnmouth in the County of Northumberland, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1936 for John Pease, Chairman of Lloyds Bank from 1922 to 1945...
. Chairman of Lloyds Bank (1922-1945). Amateur golfer . He married Dorothy Charlotte Forster and had two sons- Christopher Henry Beaumont Pease (1924-2005) - second Baron WardingtonBaron WardingtonBaron Wardington, of Alnmouth in the County of Northumberland, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1936 for John Pease, Chairman of Lloyds Bank from 1922 to 1945...
. A noted bibliophile; he was succeeded by his brother - William Simon Pease (b. 1925), third Baron WardingtonBaron WardingtonBaron Wardington, of Alnmouth in the County of Northumberland, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1936 for John Pease, Chairman of Lloyds Bank from 1922 to 1945...
; he is married but has no issue, so this title is doomed to extinction.
- Christopher Henry Beaumont Pease (1924-2005) - second Baron Wardington
- John William Beaumont Pease (1869-1950) - first Baron Wardington
- Edwin Lucas Pease (?1838-24 Jan 1889) - http://www.durhampast.net/iron_2.html Mayor of Darlington, killed while hunting at age 50.
- William Edwin PeaseWilliam Edwin PeaseWilliam Edwin Pease was an English businessman and Conservative Party politician from County Durham. Pease was educated at Clifton College and Trinity College, Cambridge....
(3 Jun 1865 - 23 Jan 1926) - MP for DarlingtonDarlington (UK Parliament constituency)Darlington is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election....
and chairman of Cleveland Bridge and Engineering Company
- William Edwin Pease
- John William Pease (1836-1901) married Helen Mary Fox (1838-1928) (daughter of Alfred Fox
- Elizabeth Pease NicholElizabeth Pease NicholElizabeth Pease Nichol was an abolitionist, anti-segregationist, woman suffragist, chartist and anti-vivisectionist in 19th century Great Britain. In 1853 she married Dr. John Pringle Nichol , Regius Professor of Astronomy at the University of Glasgow...
[née Pease] (1807-1897) - abolitionist, anti-segregationist, woman suffragist, and anti-vivisectionist In 1853 she married Dr. John Pringle NicholJohn Pringle NicholJohn Pringle Nichol FRSE was a Scottish educator, astronomer and economist who did much to popularise astronomy in a manner that appealed to nineteenth century tastes.-Early life:...
(1804-1859), Regius Professor of Astronomy at the University of GlasgowUniversity of GlasgowThe University of Glasgow is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities. Located in Glasgow, the university was founded in 1451 and is presently one of seventeen British higher education institutions ranked amongst the top 100 of the...
, much against her family's wishes.
More distant relations
Related but not considered Darlington Peases were descendants of the first Joseph Pease's brother, Thomas Pease (1743-1811). His grandson Thomas Pease (1816-1884) married thrice and had many children, with his third wife, Susanna Ann FryFry Family (Chocolate)
The Fry family was prominent in England especially Bristol, in the Society of Friends, and in the confectionery business in the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries.-Origins:...
, sister of the judge Edward Fry
Edward Fry
Sir Edward Fry GCB, GCMG, PC, FRS , was a judge in the British Court of Appeal and also an arbitrator on the International Permanent Court of Arbitration. He was a Quaker, son of Joseph Fry and Mary Ann Swaine....
and aunt of Roger Fry
Roger Fry
Roger Eliot Fry was an English artist and art critic, and a member of the Bloomsbury Group. Establishing his reputation as a scholar of the Old Masters, he became an advocate of more recent developments in French painting, to which he gave the name Post-Impressionism...
. These children included
- Edward Reynolds Pease (1857-1955), a founder and long time secretary of the Fabian SocietyFabian SocietyThe Fabian Society is a British socialist movement, whose purpose is to advance the principles of democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist, rather than revolutionary, means. It is best known for its initial ground-breaking work beginning late in the 19th century and continuing up to World...
. He in turn is father of- Michael Pease (1890–1966), geneticist at Cambridge University and member of the Cambridge County Council. He was also interned at RuhlebenRuhleben P.O.W. CampRuhleben P.O.W. Camp was a civilian detention camp during World War I. It was located in Ruhleben, then a village to the west of Berlin, now split between the districts of Spandau and Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf...
during the First World War. After the war he married Helen Bowen Wedgwood daughter of Josiah Wedgwood (later the first Lord Wedgwood). They were parents of, among others- Rendel Sebastian (Bas) PeaseBas PeaseRendel Sebastian "Bas" Pease FRS was a British physicist.Pease's father was the geneticist Michael Pease, son of Edward Reynolds Pease. His mother was Helen Bowen Wedgwood, daughter of Josiah Wedgwood IV...
, nuclear physicist, FRS (1922-2004, died aged 81). He was thrice married and twice widowed, and had two sons and three daughters by his first wife Susan (died 1996). His third wife Eleanor survives him with all his children. - Jocelyn Richenda (Chenda) Pease (d. 2005 as Lady Huxley), wife of the biologist Andrew HuxleyAndrew HuxleySir Andrew Fielding Huxley, OM, FRS is an English physiologist and biophysicist, who won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his experimental and mathematical work with Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin on the basis of nerve action potentials, the electrical impulses that enable the activity...
; they had several children together who survive her, along with her widower.
- Rendel Sebastian (Bas) Pease
- Nicolas Arthington Pease (1896-1983), received a Military Cross (with a bar) during WWI. Married Muriel Pullen. They were the parents of
- Veronica Pease (1924- )
- Martyn Edward Pease (1927- )
- Michael Pease (1890–1966), geneticist at Cambridge University and member of the Cambridge County Council. He was also interned at Ruhleben
- Marian (May) Fry Pease (1859–1954), educator, .
Joseph Pease's sister Ann (?-1826) married Jonathan Backhouse (1747-1826) founder of Backhouse's Bank
Backhouse's Bank
Backhouse's Bank of Darlington was founded in 1774 by James Backhouse , a Quaker flax dresser and linen manufacturer, and his sons Jonathan and James ....
in 1774 and was mother of
- Jonathan Backhouse (1779-1842)Jonathan Backhouse (1779-1842)Jonathan Backhouse was a third generation banker from Darlington. He is known for financing the Stockton to Darlington Railway.-Biography:...
- banker father of- Ann Backhouse mother of Jonathan Backhouse
- Jonathan Backhouse Hodgkin (1843-1926) father of
- Harold Olaf Hodgkin (1879-1981) Married Lydia Grubb
- Ernest Pease Hodgkin (1906-1997) Married Mary McKerrow (died 1985) and was nearly disowned for doing so. Ernest became an expert on Mosquito breeding habits and moved to Malaya to further his studies. He was interned in a civilian POW camp from 1942 to the end of the war and he and his family moved to Australia. He became a very well known marine biologist in Western Australia. He is survived by four children, Christopher Graham, Patricia, Jonathan and Michael who all have children and most of them have children of their own.
- Harold Olaf Hodgkin (1879-1981) Married Lydia Grubb
- Jonathan Backhouse Hodgkin (1843-1926) father of
- Ann Backhouse mother of Jonathan Backhouse
Sources
- Tomorrow's History. A regional local history site for the North-East of England.