Righteye flounders are a family, Pleuronectidae, of flounder

Flounder

The flounder is an ocean-dwelling flatfish species that is found in coastal lagoons and estuaries of the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.-Taxonomy:There are a number of geographical and taxonomical species to which flounder belong.*Western Atlantic...

s. They are called "righteye flounders" because most species lie on the sea bottom on their left side, with both eyes on the right side. The Paralichthyidae

Paralichthyidae

Large-tooth flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders. They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are on the left side of the head, while the Pleuronectidae are the opposite with their eyes on the right side....

 are the opposite, with their eyes on the left side.

Their dorsal

Dorsal fin

A dorsal fin is a fin located on the backs of various unrelated marine and freshwater vertebrates, including most fishes, marine mammals , and the ichthyosaurs...

 and anal fins are long and continuous, with the dorsal fin extending forward onto the head. Females lay eggs that float in mid-water until the larvae develop, and they sink to the bottom.

They are found on the bottoms of oceans around the world, with some species, such as the Atlantic halibut

Atlantic halibut

The Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. They are demersal fish, that live on or near sand, gravel or clay bottoms at depths of between . The halibut is among the largest teleost fish in the world. Halibut are strong swimmers and are able to...

, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, being found down to 2000 metres (6,561.7 ft). The smaller species eat sea-floor invertebrates such as polychaete

Polychaete

The Polychaeta or polychaetes are a class of annelid worms, generally marine. Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that bear many bristles, called chaetae, which are made of chitin. Indeed, polychaetes are sometimes referred to as bristle worms. More than 10,000...

s and crustacean

Crustacean

Crustaceans form a very large group of arthropods, usually treated as a subphylum, which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles. The 50,000 described species range in size from Stygotantulus stocki at , to the Japanese spider crab with a leg span...

s, but the larger righteye flounders, such as H. hippoglossus, which grows up to 4.7 metres (15.4 ft) in length, feed on other fishes and cephalopod

Cephalopod

A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda . These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles modified from the primitive molluscan foot...

s as well.

They include many important commercially fished species, including not only the various fish called flounder

Flounder

The flounder is an ocean-dwelling flatfish species that is found in coastal lagoons and estuaries of the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.-Taxonomy:There are a number of geographical and taxonomical species to which flounder belong.*Western Atlantic...

s, but also the European plaice

European plaice

The European plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, is a commercially important flatfish.- Distribution and habitat :The geographical range of the European plaice is off all coasts from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean, also in the Northeast Atlantic and along Greenland...

, the halibut

Halibut

Halibut is a flatfish, genus Hippoglossus, from the family of the right-eye flounders . Other flatfish are also called halibut. The name is derived from haly and butt , for its popularity on Catholic holy days...

s, the lemon sole

Lemon sole

The lemon sole, Microstomus kitt, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, where it lives on stony bottoms down to depths of about . It grows up to in length and reaches about in weight....

, the common dab

Common dab

The common dab, Limanda limanda, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, in particular the North Sea, where it lives on sandy bottoms down to depths of about...

, the Pacific Dover sole

Microstomus pacificus

Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus, is a Pacific flatfish of the flounder family which ranges from Baja California to the Bering Sea. It takes its name from a resemblance to the common sole of Europe, which is often called a 'Dover sole'....

, and the flukes

Summer flounder

The Summer Flounder is a marine flatfish that is found in the Atlantic Ocean off the East coast of the United States and Canada. It is especially abundant in waters from North Carolina to Massachusetts.-Description:...

.

The name of the family is derived from the Greek

Greek language

Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...

 πλευρά (pleura), meaning "rib" or "side", and νηκτόν (nekton), meaning "swimming".

Classification

In some classifications the subfamilies Paralichthodinae

Paralichthodinae

Paralichthodinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of just one genus, Paralichthodes.In some classifications, Paralichthodinae is raised to the level of a family....

, Poecilopsettinae

Poecilopsettinae

Poecilopsettinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising three genera and 19 species. Species are typically demersal, living on marine bottoms at depths of between in the Indo-Pacific and northwestern Atlantic; the deepest recorded occurrence is in the coloured righteye...

, and Rhombosoleinae

Rhombosoleinae

Rhombosoleinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising nine genera and 19 species; all members of this subfamily are right eye flounders with asymmetrical pelvic fins. Species are typically demersal, living on bottoms in temperate marine waters on the continental shelf,...

 are raised to the level of families.

According to FishBase

FishBase

FishBase is a comprehensive database of information about fish species . It is the largest and most extensively accessed online database on adult finfish on the web...

 there are 101 species in 41 genera and five subfamilies:

• Subfamily Eopsettinae
  Eopsettinae
  Eopsettinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family....
  
  
  • Genus Atheresthes
    Atheresthes
    Atheresthes is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It contains twp species.-Species:* Kamchatka flounder, Atheresthes evermanni .* Arrowtooth flounder, Atheresthes stomias ....
    
    
    • Kamchatka flounder
      Kamchatka flounder
      The Kamchatka flounder, Atheresthes evermanni, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives at depths of between and . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northern Pacific...
      
      , Atheresthes evermanni (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Starks, 1904).
    • Arrowtooth flounder
      Arrowtooth flounder
      Arrowtooth flounder are members of the family Pleuronectidae, the right-eyed flounders. It can be caught from the Bering Sea to Santa Rosa Island, California. Spawning occurs from December through February. This species of flounder can live up to 25 years. If not properly handled, the flesh of...
      
      , Atheresthes stomias (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Gilbert, 1880).
  • Genus Eopsetta
    Eopsetta
    Eopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It contains two species.-Species:* Shotted halibut, Eopsetta grigorjewi .* Petrale sole, Eopsetta jordani ....
    
    
    • Shotted halibut
      Shotted halibut
      The Shotted halibut, Eopsetta grigorjewi, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy mud bottoms in the sublittoral zone at depths of between and . It can reach in length...
      
      , Eopsetta grigorjewi (Herzenstein, 1890).
    • Petrale sole
      Petrale sole
      The Petrale sole, Eopsetta jordani, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy bottoms, usually in deep water, down to depths of about . Males can grow to in length, females to , and they can weigh up to...
      
      , Eopsetta jordani (Lockington, 1879).
• Subfamily Hippoglossinae
  Hippoglossinae
  Hippoglossinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words hippos, "horse", and glossa, "tongue"....
  
  
  • Genus Clidoderma
    Clidoderma
    Clidoderma is a mostly extinct genus of prehistoric bony fish.-Species:* Roughscale sole, Clidoderma asperrimum .-See also:* Prehistoric fish* List of prehistoric bony fish...
    
    
    • Roughscale sole
      Roughscale sole
      The roughscale sole, Clidoderma asperrimum, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy, muddy bottoms at depths from , though it is most commonly found at depths of between . It can reach in length and can weigh up to...
      
      , Clidoderma asperrimum (Temminck
      Coenraad Jacob Temminck
      Coenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...
      
       & Schlegel
      Hermann Schlegel
      Hermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...
      
      , 1846).
  • Genus Hippoglossus
    Hippoglossus
    Hippoglossus is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Nomenclature:The word hippoglossus is derived from the Greek hippos, meaning "horse", and glossus, meaning "tongue" - a reference to the shape of the fish.-Species:...
    
    
    • Atlantic halibut
      Atlantic halibut
      The Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. They are demersal fish, that live on or near sand, gravel or clay bottoms at depths of between . The halibut is among the largest teleost fish in the world. Halibut are strong swimmers and are able to...
      
      , Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus
      Carolus Linnaeus
      Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
      
      , 1758).
      
    • Pacific halibut
      Pacific halibut
      The Pacific halibut is found on the continental shelf of the North Pacific Ocean and Bering sea. They are demersal, living on or near the bottom. The halibut is among the largest teleost fish in the world. Halibut are strong swimmers and are able to migrate long distances...
      
      , Hippoglossus stenolepis (Schmidt, 1904).
  • Genus Reinhardtius
    • Greenland halibut
      Greenland halibut
      The Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot belongs to the Pleuronectidae family , and is the only species of the genus Reinhardtius. It is a deepwater fish distributed from 200 to 1600 m but has been caught at depths more than...
      
      , Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum
      Johann Julius Walbaum
      Johann Julius Walbaum was a physician, naturalist and taxonomist. He was the first to describe many previously unknown species from remote parts of the globe, such as the Great Barracuda , the Chum salmon from the Kamchatka River in Siberia, and the curimatá-pacú Johann Julius Walbaum (30 June...
      
      , 1792)
      
  • Genus Verasper
    Verasper
    Verasper is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Barfin flounder, Verasper moseri .* Spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus ....
    
    
    • Barfin flounder
      Barfin flounder
      The Barfin flounder, Verasper moseri, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy, muddy bottoms at depths of up to . It can reach up to in length, and can weigh as much as . Its native habitat is the northwestern Pacific, specifically the Sea of Okhotsk,...
      
      , Verasper moseri (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Gilbert, 1898).
    • Spotted halibut
      Spotted halibut
      The Spotted halibut, Verasper variegatus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy, muddy bottoms in the sublittoral coastal zone at depths of up to . It can reach in length and can weigh up to . Its native habitat is the northwestern Pacific, from...
      
      , Verasper variegatus (Temminck
      Coenraad Jacob Temminck
      Coenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...
      
       & Schlegel
      Hermann Schlegel
      Hermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...
      
      , 1846).
• Subfamily Hippoglossoidinae
  Hippoglossoidinae
  Hippoglossoidinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words hippos, "horse", glossa, "tongue", and eidos, "form, likeness". There are three genera contained.-Genera:* Acanthopsetta...
  
  
  • Genus Acanthopsetta
    Acanthopsetta
    Acanthopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It is monotypic containing only one species, the Scale-eye plaice....
    
    
    • Scale-eye plaice
      Scale-eye plaice
      The Scale-eye plaice, Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives at depths from between to . It can reach in length and can weigh up to . Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, primarily from the Sea of Okhotsk to Japan and Korea,...
      
      , Acanthopsetta nadeshnyi (Schmidt, 1904).
  • Genus Cleisthenes
    Cleisthenes (genus)
    Cleisthenes is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Nomenclature:Both species in the genus are commonly known as Sôhachi in Japan.The genus is named after the Athenian noble and democrat Cleisthenes.-Species:...
    
    
    • Cleisthenes herzensteini
      Cleisthenes herzensteini
      Cleisthenes herzensteini is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in the temperate waters of the northwest Pacific, from the Sea of Okhotsk to the Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea, Gulf of Bohai and the East China Sea. It can grow up to in length, though its...
      
      (Schmidt, 1904).
    • Cleisthenes pinetorum
      Cleisthenes pinetorum
      Cleisthenes pinetorum is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sublittoral sand and mud bottoms at depths of between...
      
      (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Starks, 1904).
  • Genus Hippoglossoides
    Hippoglossoides
    Hippoglossoides is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Flathead flounder, Hippoglossoides dubius .* Flathead sole, Hippoglossoides elassodon ....
    
    
    • Flathead flounder
      Flathead flounder
      The flathead flounder, Hippoglossoides dubius, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in shallow coastal waters, at depths of between . Its native habitat is the northwestern Pacific, particularly the seas of Japan and Okhotsk, and the coastlines of...
      
      , Hippoglossoides dubius (Schmidt, 1904).
    • Flathead sole
      Flathead sole
      The flathead sole, Hippoglossoides elassodon, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on soft, silty or muddy bottoms at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, from the seas of Japan and Okhotsk, across the Bering Sea and to the coast of...
      
      , Hippoglossoides elassodon (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Gilbert, 1880).
    • American plaice
      American plaice
      The American plaice or sole, Hippoglossoides platessoides, is a flatfish that belongs, along with other right-eyed flounders, to the Pleuronectidae family. American plaice are an Atlantic species. Their range is from southern Labrador to Rhode Island. They spawn in the Gulf of Maine, with peak...
      
      , Hippoglossoides platessoides (Fabricius, 1780)
      
    • Bering flounder
      Bering flounder
      The Bering flounder, Hippoglossoides robustus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of up to . It reaches up to in length. Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, from Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk across the Bering Sea to Alaska, the...
      
      , Hippoglossoides robustus (Gill
      Theodore Gill
      Theodore Nicholas Gill was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian.Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J...
      
       & Townsend, 1897).
• Subfamily Lyopsettinae
  Lyopsettinae
  Lyopsettinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of just one genus, Lyopsetta....
  
  
  • Genus Lyopsetta
    Lyopsetta
    Lyopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the slender sole.-Species:* Slender sole, Lyopsetta exilis ....
    
    
    • Slender sole
      Slender sole
      The slender sole, Lyopsetta exilis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms near rocky areas at depths of between . Its native habitat is the eastern Pacific coast, from the mouth of the Alsek River in Alaska in the north to Isla Cedros in Baja...
      
      , Lyopsetta exilis (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Gilbert, 1880).
• Subfamily Paralichthodinae
  Paralichthodinae
  Paralichthodinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of just one genus, Paralichthodes.In some classifications, Paralichthodinae is raised to the level of a family....
  
  
  • Genus Paralichthodes
    • Peppered flounder
      Peppered flounder
      The peppered flounder, Paralichthodes algoensis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae and the only species of the genus Paralichthodes. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in subtropical waters at depths of up to...
      
      , Paralichthodes algoensis (Gilchrist, 1902).
• Subfamily Pleuronectinae
  Pleuronectinae
  Pleuronectinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising 27 genera and 61 species. Members of the subfamily are demersal carnivores that live in arctic and northern seas....
  
  
  • Tribe Isopsettini
    Isopsettini
    Isopsettini is a tribe of fish in the Pleuronectinae subfamily. It consists of just one genus, Isopsetta....
    
    
    • Genus Isopsetta
      Isopsetta
      Isopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the butter sole....
      
      
      • Butter sole
        Butter sole
        The butter sole, Isopsetta isolepsis, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on soft, silty bottoms in temperate waters at depths of between . Its native habitat is the northeastern Pacific, from the Bering Sea and the Aleutian Islands, along the coasts...
        
        , Isopsetta isolepis (Lockington, 1880).
  • Tribe Microstomini
    Microstomini
    Microstomini is a tribe of fish in the Pleuronectinae subfamily.-Nomenclature:The word Microstomini is derived from the Greek μικρὸς , meaning "small", and στόμα , meaning "mouth".-Genera:* Dexistes...
    
    
    • Genus Dexistes
      Dexistes
      Dexistes is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the Rikuzen flounder.-Species:* Rikuzen flounder, Dexistes rikuzenius...
      
      
      • Rikuzen flounder
        Rikuzen flounder
        The Rikuzen flounder, Dexistes rikuzenius, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in temperate waters at depths of between . Its native habitat is the northwestern Pacific, particularly the Sea of Japan and the coastlines of Japan and...
        
        , Dexistes rikuzenius (Jordan
        David Starr Jordan
        David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
        
         & Starks, 1904).
    • Genus Embassichthys
      Embassichthys
      Embassichthys is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the deepsea sole....
      
      
      • Deepsea sole
        Deepsea sole
        The deepsea sole, Embassichthys bathybius, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a bathydemersal fish that lives on muddy bottoms at depths of between , though it is most often found at depths of . Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, from Japan to the Gulf of Alaska and down the...
        
        , Embassichthys bathybius (Gilbert, 1890).
    • Genus Glyptocephalus
      Glyptocephalus
      Glyptocephalus is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Nomenclature:The word Glytocephalus is derived from the Greek γλύφειν , meaning "to carve", and κεφαλος , meaning "head".-Species:...
      
      
      • Witch, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (Linnaeus
        Carolus Linnaeus
        Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
        
        , 1758)
        
      • Blackfin flounder
        Blackfin flounder
        The blackfin flounder, Glyptocephalus stelleri, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives in temperate waters at depths of between , though it is most commonly found between . Its native habitat is the northern Pacific, from the Sea of Japan to the Strait of...
        
        , Glyptocephalus stelleri (Schmidt, 1904).
      • Rex sole
        Rex sole
        The rex sole, Glyptocephalus zachirus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. Locally, it may also be known as a witch or threadfin sole . It is a demersal fish that lives in temperate waters on sand or mud bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found between...
        
        , Glyptocephalus zachirus (Lockington, 1879).
    • Genus Hypsopsetta
      Hypsopsetta
      Hypsopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Diamond turbot, Hypsopsetta guttulata .* Hypsopsetta macrocephala ....
      
      
      • Diamond turbot
        Diamond turbot
        The diamond turbot, Hypsopsetta guttulata, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives in subtropical waters on sand or mud bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found between . Its native habitat is the coastal areas of the eastern Pacific, from...
        
        , Hypsopsetta guttulata (Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.Born in Mulhouse, France, he studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard...
        
        , 1856).
      • Hypsopsetta macrocephala
        Hypsopsetta macrocephala
        Hypsopsetta macrocephala is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in the tropical waters of the eastern Pacific and the Gulf of California....
        
        (Breder, 1936).
    • Genus Lepidopsetta
      Lepidopsetta
      Lepidopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.Since it was erected by William Orville Ayres in 1862 it has taken in Platessa bilineata, Platichthys umbrosus, Isopsetta isolepsis, Lepidopsetta mochigarei, Lepidopsetta bilineata, Lepidopsetta bilineata bilineata, Lepidopsetta bilineata...
      
      
      • Rock sole
        Rock sole
        The rock sole, Lepidopsetta bilineata, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sand and gravel bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northern Pacific, from Baja California to...
        
        , Lepidopsetta bilineata (Ayres
        William Orville Ayres
        William Orville Ayres was an American physician and ichthyologist. Born in Connecticut, he studied to become a doctor at Yale University School of Medicine....
        
        , 1855).
      • Dusky sole
        Dusky sole
        The dusky sole, Lepidopsetta mochigarei, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in the temperate waters of the northwest Pacific, from the Korean peninsula to the southern Sea of Okhotsk. It grows up to in length....
        
        , Lepidopsetta mochigarei (Snyder, 1911).
      • Northern rock sole
        Northern rock sole
        The Northern rock sole, Lepidopsetta polyxystra, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sand, mud and gravel bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found between...
        
        , Lepidopsetta polyxystra (Orr & Matarese, 2000).
    • Genus Microstomus
      Microstomus
      Microstomus is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Nomenclature:The word Microstomus is derived from the Greek μικρὸς , meaning "small", and στόμα , meaning "mouth".-Species:...
      
      
      • Slime flounder
        Slime flounder
        The slime flounder, Microstomus achne, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sand and mud bottoms at depths of between , though it is most commonly found between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwest Pacific, from the East China Sea...
        
        , Microstomus achne (Jordan
        David Starr Jordan
        David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
        
         & Starks, 1904).
      • Lemon sole
        Lemon sole
        The lemon sole, Microstomus kitt, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, where it lives on stony bottoms down to depths of about . It grows up to in length and reaches about in weight....
        
        , Microstomus kitt (Walbaum
        Johann Julius Walbaum
        Johann Julius Walbaum was a physician, naturalist and taxonomist. He was the first to describe many previously unknown species from remote parts of the globe, such as the Great Barracuda , the Chum salmon from the Kamchatka River in Siberia, and the curimatá-pacú Johann Julius Walbaum (30 June...
        
        , 1792)
        
      • Dover sole
        Dover sole
        Dover sole refers to two species of flatfish:* The common sole, Solea solea, found in European waters, the "Dover sole" of European cookery....
        
        , Microstomus pacificus
        Microstomus pacificus
        Dover sole, Microstomus pacificus, is a Pacific flatfish of the flounder family which ranges from Baja California to the Bering Sea. It takes its name from a resemblance to the common sole of Europe, which is often called a 'Dover sole'....
        
        (Lockington, 1879).
      • Microstomus shuntovi
        Microstomus shuntovi
        Microstomus shuntovi is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a bathydemersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the north Pacific....
        
        (Borets, 1983).
    • Genus Pleuronichthys
      Pleuronichthys
      Pleuronichthys is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Nomenclature:The word Pleuronichthys is derived from the Greek πλευρά , meaning "rib" or "side", and ἰχθύς , meaning "fish".-Species:...
      
      
      • C-O sole
        C-O sole
        The C-O sole, Pleuronichthys coenosus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on flat bottoms and rocky areas at depths of between . Its native habitat is the subtropical waters of the eastern Pacific, ranging from Sitka, Alaska in the north to San Quintín,...
        
        , Pleuronichthys coenosus (Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.Born in Mulhouse, France, he studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard...
        
        , 1854).
      • Ridged-eye flounder
        Ridged-eye flounder
        The Ridged-eye flounder, Pleuronichthys cornutus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sand and mud coastal bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from southern Hokkaido to the Korean...
        
        , Pleuronichthys cornutus (Temminck
        Coenraad Jacob Temminck
        Coenraad Jacob Temminck was a Dutch aristocrat and zoologist.Temminck was the first director of the National Natural History Museum at Leiden from 1820 until his death. His Manuel d'ornithologie, ou Tableau systematique des oiseaux qui se trouvent en Europe was the standard work on European birds...
        
         & Schlegel
        Hermann Schlegel
        Hermann Schlegel was a German ornithologist and herpetologist.-Early life and education:Schlegel was born at Altenburg, the son of a brassfounder. His father collected butterflies, which stimulated Schlegel's interest in natural history...
        
        , 1846).
      • Curlfin sole
        Curlfin sole
        The Curlfin sole, Pleuronichthys decurrens, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on soft bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the subtropical waters of the eastern Pacific, from Prince William Sound, Alaska in the north to San Quintín, Baja...
        
        , Pleuronichthys decurrens (Jordan
        David Starr Jordan
        David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
        
         & Gilbert, 1881).
      • Ocellated turbot
        Ocellated turbot
        The Ocellated turbot, Pleuronichthys ocellatus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between...
        
        , Pleuronichthys ocellatus (Starks & Thompson, 1910).
      • Spotted turbot
        Spotted turbot
        The Spotted turbot, Pleuronichthys ritteri, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the subtropical waters of the Eastern Pacific, from Morro Bay in California to southern Baja California in Mexico. It can...
        
        , Pleuronichthys ritteri (Starks & Morris, 1907).
      • Hornyhead turbot
        Hornyhead turbot
        The Hornyhead turbot, Pleuronichthys verticalis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on soft sand and mud bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the subtropical waters of the Eastern Pacific, from Point Reyes in California to Magdalena Bay in...
        
        , Pleuronichthys verticalis (Jordan
        David Starr Jordan
        David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
        
         & Gilbert, 1880).
    • Genus Tanakius
      Tanakius
      Tanakius is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the willowy flounder.-Species:* Willowy flounder, Tanakius kitaharae ....
      
      
      • Willowy flounder
        Willowy flounder
        The Willowy flounder, Tanakius kitaharae, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the Western Pacific, from Southern Hokkaido in Japan to the Gulf of Bohai, the East China Sea and...
        
        , Tanakius kitaharae (Jordan
        David Starr Jordan
        David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
        
         & Starks, 1904).
  • Tribe Pleuronectini
    Pleuronectini
    Pleuronectini is a tribe of fish in the Pleuronectinae subfamily.-Genera:* Kareius* Limanda* Liopsetta* Parophrys* Platichthys* Pleuronectes* Pseudopleuronectes...
    
     
    • Genus Kareius
      Kareius
      Kareius is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the stone flounder....
      
      
      • Stone flounder
        Stone flounder
        The stone flounder, Kareius bicoloratus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in coastal areas at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwest Pacific, from Japan to the Kuril islands, Sakhalin,...
        
        , Kareius bicoloratus (Basilewsky, 1855).
    • Genus Limanda
      Limanda
      Limanda is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Yellowfin sole, Limanda aspera .* Yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea .* Common dab, Limanda limanda...
      
      
      • Yellowfin sole
        Yellowfin sole
        The yellowfin sole, Limanda aspera, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on soft, sandy bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found at depths of around...
        
        , Limanda aspera (Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas was a German zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia.- Life and work :Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University...
        
        , 1814).
      • Yellowtail flounder
        Yellowtail flounder
        The yellowtail flounder is a species of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It is found in Canada and the United States.-Source:* Sobel, J. 1996. . Downloaded on 4 August 2007....
        
        , Limanda ferruginea (Storer, 1839).
      • Common dab
        Common dab
        The common dab, Limanda limanda, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, in particular the North Sea, where it lives on sandy bottoms down to depths of about...
        
        , Limanda limanda (Linnaeus
        Carolus Linnaeus
        Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
        
        , 1758)
        
      • Longhead dab
        Longhead dab
        The longhead dab, Limanda proboscidea, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of up to , though it is most commonly found between . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northern Pacific, and it range stretches from the Sea of...
        
        , Limanda proboscidea (Gilbert, 1896).
      • Speckled flounder
        Speckled flounder
        The speckled flounder, Limanda punctatissima, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from the southern Sea of Okhotsk and the Kuril islands to the Sea of Japan, including coastal areas of Japan and...
        
        , Limanda punctatissima (Steindachner
        Franz Steindachner
        Franz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist.- Work and career :Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess...
        
        , 1879).
      • Sakhalin sole
        Sakhalin sole
        The Sakhalin sole, Limanda sakhalinensis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between , though it is most commonly found between around . Its native habitat is the polar waters of the northwestern Pacific, from the Sea of Okhotsk to...
        
        , Limanda sakhalinensis (Hubbs, 1915).
    • Genus Liopsetta
      Liopsetta
      Liopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Arctic flounder, Liopsetta glacialis .* Far Eastern smooth flounder, Liopsetta pinnifasciata ....
      
      
      • Arctic flounder
        Arctic flounder
        The Arctic flounder, Liopsetta glacialis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on coastal mud bottoms in salt, brackish and fresh waters at depths of up to...
        
        , Liopsetta glacialis (Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas was a German zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia.- Life and work :Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University...
        
        , 1776).
      • Far Eastern smooth flounder
        Far Eastern smooth flounder
        The Far Eastern smooth flounder, Liopsetta pinnifasciata, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in salt, brackish and fresh waters. Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, specifically Japan, Russia and the Kuril...
        
        , Liopsetta pinnifasciata (Kner, 1870).
      • American smooth flounder
        American smooth flounder
        The American smooth flounder, Liopsetta putnami, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that inhabits shallow inshore salt and brackish waters at depths of up to . Its native habitat is the temperate waters of the northwestern Atlantic, from Ungava Bay in Quebec, Canada...
        
        , Liopsetta putnami (Gill
        Theodore Gill
        Theodore Nicholas Gill was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian.Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J...
        
        , 1864).
    • Genus Parophrys
      Parophrys
      Parophrys is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the English sole.-Nomenclature:The English sole was first given the name Parophrys vetulus by Charles Frédéric Girard in 1854; the word parophrys is derived from the Greek para, meaning "near", and ophrys,...
      
      
      • English sole
        English sole
        The English sole, Parophrys vetulus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy and muddy bottoms in estuaries and near shore areas, at depths of up to . It reaches up to in length, and can weigh up to...
        
        , Parophrys vetulus (Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.Born in Mulhouse, France, he studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard...
        
        , 1854).
        
    • Genus Platichthys
      Platichthys
      Starry flounders is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It contains two species.-Species:* European flounder, Platichthys flesus .* Starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus ....
      
      
      • European flounder
        European flounder
        The European flounder is a flatfish of European coastal waters from the White Sea in North to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea in South. Introduced into the USA and Canada accidentally through transport in ballast water. It is a well-known food fish.-Description:The European flounder is oval in...
        
        , Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus
        Carolus Linnaeus
        Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
        
        , 1758).
      • Starry flounder
        Starry flounder
        The starry flounder is a common flatfish found around the margins of the North Pacific.The distinctive features of the starry flounder include the combination of black and white-to-orange bar on the dorsal and anal fins, as well as the skin covered with scales modified into tiny star-shaped plates...
        
        , Platichthys stellatus (Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas was a German zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia.- Life and work :Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University...
        
        , 1788).
    • Genus Pleuronectes
      Pleuronectes
      Pleuronectes is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* European plaice, Pleuronectes platessa .* Alaska plaice, Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus ....
      
      
      • European plaice
        European plaice
        The European plaice, Pleuronectes platessa, is a commercially important flatfish.- Distribution and habitat :The geographical range of the European plaice is off all coasts from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean, also in the Northeast Atlantic and along Greenland...
        
        , Pleuronectes platessa (Linnaeus
        Carolus Linnaeus
        Carl Linnaeus , also known after his ennoblement as , was a Swedish botanist, physician, and zoologist, who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy, and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology...
        
        , 1758).
      • Alaska plaice
        Alaska plaice
        Alaska plaice is a saltwater fish that live in the North Pacific Ocean. Like most flatfish, they live on the bottom of the continental shelf, up to 600 metres deep. Their geographic range is from the Gulf of Alaska in the east, to the Chukchi Sea in the north, to the Sea of Japan in the west...
        
        , Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus (Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas
        Peter Simon Pallas was a German zoologist and botanist who worked in Russia.- Life and work :Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University...
        
        , 1814).
    • Genus Pseudopleuronectes
      Pseudopleuronectes
      Pseudopleuronectes is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus .* Yellow striped flounder, Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini ....
      
      
      • Winter flounder
        Winter flounder
        The winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, is a right-eyed flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is native to coastal waters of the western north Atlantic coast, from Labrador, Canada to Georgia, United States...
        
        , Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Gill
        Theodore Gill
        Theodore Nicholas Gill was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian.Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural history. He was associated with J...
        
        , 1864).
      • Yellow striped flounder
        Yellow striped flounder
        The yellow striped flounder , Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal saltwater fish that occurs in the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from the Sea of Japan to the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, Korea, the Yellow Sea, Gulf of Bohai and...
        
        , Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini (Jordan & Snyder, 1901).
      • Pseudopleuronectes obscurus
        Pseudopleuronectes obscurus
        Pseudopleuronectes obscurus is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on salt bottoms in the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from Hokkaido to the Kuril Islands, the Sea of Okhotsk, Sakhalin and the Tatar Strait to the northeastern coast of Korea and...
        
        (Herzenstein, 1890).
      • Cresthead flounder
        Cresthead flounder
        The Cresthead flounder, Pseudopleuronectes schrenki, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms in salt water in the temperate waters of the northwestern Pacific, from the southern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Kuril Islands to Korea and northern...
        
        , Pseudopleuronectes schrenki (Schmidt, 1904).
      • Marbled flounder
        Marbled flounder
        The marbled flounder, Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater sand and mud bottoms. Its natural habitat is the temperate coastal waters of the northwestern Pacific, from southern Hokkaido, Japan, to the Yellow Sea,...
        
        , Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae (Günther, 1877).
  • Tribe Psettichthyini
    Psettichthyini
    Psettichthyini is a tribe of fish in the Pleuronectinae subfamily. It consists of just one genus, Psettichthys....
    
    
    • Genus Psettichthys
      • Pacific sand sole
        Pacific sand sole
        The Pacific sand sole, Psettichthys melanostictus, is the only fish in the genus Psettichthys of the Pleuronectidae family. It is a flat fish and inhabits Eastern Pacific waters where it lives on sandy bottoms. It feeds on other fish, worms, crustaceans and molluscs....
        
        , Psettichthys melanostictus (Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard
        Charles Frédéric Girard was a French biologist specializing in ichthyology and herpetology.Born in Mulhouse, France, he studied at the College of Neuchâtel, Switzerland as a student of Louis Agassiz. In 1847, he accompanied Agassiz as his assistant to Harvard...
        
        , 1854).
        
• Subfamily Poecilopsettinae
  Poecilopsettinae
  Poecilopsettinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising three genera and 19 species. Species are typically demersal, living on marine bottoms at depths of between in the Indo-Pacific and northwestern Atlantic; the deepest recorded occurrence is in the coloured righteye...
  
  
  • Genus Marleyella
    Marleyella
    Marleyella is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Comb flounder, Marleyella bicolorata .* Marleyella maldivensis ....
    
    
    • Comb flounder
      Comb flounder
      The comb flounder, Marleyella bicolorata, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater bottoms at depths of between...
      
      , Marleyella bicolorata (Basilewsky, 1855).
    • Marleyella maldivensis
      Marleyella maldivensis
      Marleyella maldivensis is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater bottoms at depths of up to in the tropical waters around the Maldives in the western Indian Ocean. It can grow up to in length....
      
      (Norman, 1939).
  • Genus Nematops
    Nematops
    Nematops is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising four species distributed in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific...
    
    
    • Narrow-body righteye flounder
      Narrow-body righteye flounder
      The narrow-body righteye flounder, Nematops macrochirus, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater bottoms at depths of between . Its natural habitat is the waters of the Indo-West Pacific, from the Bali Strait to Northern Territory, Queensland and...
      
      , Nematops macrochirus (Norman, 1931).
    • Large-scale righteye flounder
      Large-scale righteye flounder
      The large-scale righteye flounder, Nematops grandisquama, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater bottoms at depths of between . Its natural habitat is the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific, from Bali to Indonesia and the southwest coast of...
      
      , Nematops grandisquama (Weber & de Beaufort, 1929).
    • Small-mouth righteye flounder
      Small-mouth righteye flounder
      The small-mouth righteye flounder, Nematops microstoma, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on saltwater bottoms from depths of . Its natural habitat is the tropical waters of the southwest Pacific...
      
      , Nematops microstoma (Günther, 1880).
    • Nematops nanosquama (Amaoka, Kawai & Seret, 2006).
  • Genus Poecilopsetta
    Poecilopsetta
    Poecilopsetta is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Poecilopsetta albomaculata .* Deepwater dab, Poecilopsetta beanii .* Coloured righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta colorata ....
    
    
    • Poecilopsetta albomaculata (Norman, 1939).
    • Deepwater dab
      Deepwater dab
      The deepwater dab, Poecilopsetta beanii, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a bathydemersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of . It can reach in length...
      
      , Poecilopsetta beanii (Goode
      George Brown Goode
      George Brown Goode , was an ichthyologist, although most of his time was spent as a museum administrator and he was very interested in the history of science, especially the history of the development of science in America. Goode graduated from Wesleyan University and studied at Harvard University...
      
      , 1881)
      
    • Coloured righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta colorata (Günther, 1880).
    • Poecilopsetta dorsialta (Guibord & Chapleau, 2001).
    • Poecilopsetta hawaiiensis (Gilbert, 1905).
    • Poecilopsetta inermis (Breder, 1927).
    • Poecilopsetta macrocephala (Breder, 1936).
    • Fowler's large-scale righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta megalepis (Fowler, 1934).
    • African righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta natalensis (Norman, 1931).
    • Poecilopsetta normani (Foroshchuk & Fedorov, 1992).
    • Poecilopsetta pectoralis (Kawai & Amaoka, 2006).
    • Tile-colored righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta plinthus (Jordan
      David Starr Jordan
      David Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
      
       & Starks, 1904).
    • Alcock's narrow-body righteye flounder, Poecilopsetta praelonga Alcock
      Alfred William Alcock
      Alfred William Alcock was a British physician naturalist and carcinologist.Alcock was the son of a sea-captain, John Alcock in Bombay, India who retired to live in Blackheath...
      
      , 1894.
    • Poecilopsetta vaynei (Quéro, Hensley & Maugé, 1988).
    • Poecilopsetta zanzibarensis (Norman, 1939).
• Subfamily Rhombosoleinae
  Rhombosoleinae
  Rhombosoleinae is a subfamily of fish in the Pleuronectidae family, comprising nine genera and 19 species; all members of this subfamily are right eye flounders with asymmetrical pelvic fins. Species are typically demersal, living on bottoms in temperate marine waters on the continental shelf,...
  
  
  • Genus Ammotretis
    Ammotretis
    Ammotretis is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Shortfin flounder, Ammotretis brevipinnis .* Elongate flounder, Ammotretis elongatus ....
    
    
    • Shortfin flounder, Ammotretis brevipinnis (Norman, 1926).
    • Elongate flounder, Ammotretis elongatus (Yarrell, 1839).
    • Tudor's flounder, Ammotretis lituratus (Richardson
      John Richardson (naturalist)
      Sir John Richardson was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer.Richardson was born at Dumfries. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University, and became a surgeon in the navy in 1807. He traveled with John Franklin in search of the Northwest Passage on the Coppermine Expedition of...
      
      , 1844).
    • Ammotretis macrolepis (McCulloch, 1914).
    • Longsnout flounder, Ammotretis rostratus (Günther, 1862).
  • Genus Azygopus
    • Banded-fin flounder
      Banded-fin flounder
      The banded-fin flounder or spotted flounder, Azygopus pinnifasciatus, is a righteye flounder, the only species in the genus Azygopus, found around the Indo-West Pacific Oceans, including southern Australia and New Zealand, on the continental slope at depths of between 120 and 900 m...
      
      , Azygopus pinnifasciatus (Norman, 1926).
  • Genus Colistium
    Colistium
    Colistium is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* New Zealand brill, Colistium guntheri .* New Zealand turbot, Colistium nudipinnis ....
    
    
    • New Zealand brill
      New Zealand brill
      The New Zealand brill, Colistium guntheri, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish native to shallow seas around New Zealand, at depths of between and . It can grow to in length and can weigh up to .-Identification:...
      
      , Colistium guntheri (Hutton
      Frederick Wollaston Hutton
      Captain Frederick Wollaston Hutton, FRS, was an English scientist who applied the theory of natural selection to explain the origins and nature of the natural history of New Zealand.- Biography :...
      
      , 1873).
    • New Zealand turbot
      New Zealand turbot
      The New Zealand turbot, Colistium nudipinnis, is a righteye flounder of the subfamily Rhombosoleinae in the family Pleuronectidae, found around New Zealand in shallow enclosed waters...
      
      , Colistium nudipinnis (Waite, 1911).
  • Genus Oncopterus
    Oncopterus
    Oncopterus is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the Remo flounder.-Species:* Remo flounder, Oncopterus darwinii ....
    
    
    • Remo flounder
      Remo flounder
      The Remo flounder, Oncopterus darwinii, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on bottoms at depths of between to . Its native habitat is the southwestern Atlantic, particularly the south east coast of South America, from Santa Catarina, Brazil in the...
      
      , Oncopterus darwinii (Steindachner
      Franz Steindachner
      Franz Steindachner was an Austrian zoologist.- Work and career :Being interested in natural history, Steindachner took up the study of fossil fishes on the recommendation of his friend Eduard Suess...
      
      , 1874).
  • Genus Pelotretis
    • Southern lemon sole
      Southern lemon sole
      The southern lemon sole, Pelotretis flavilatus, is a righteye flounder, the only species in the genus Pelotretis, found around New Zealand in enclosed waters such as estuaries, harbours, mudflats, and sandflats, in waters less than 385 m in depth...
      
      , Pelotretis flavilatus (Waite, 1911).
  • Genus Peltorhamphus
    Peltorhamphus
    Peltorhamphus is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family.-Species:* Speckled sole, Peltorhamphus latus .* New Zealand sole, Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae .* Peltorhamphus tenuis ....
    
    
    • Speckled sole
      Speckled sole
      The speckled sole, Peltorhamphus latus, is a righteye flounder of the family Pleuronectidae, found around New Zealand and Norfolk Island in enclosed waters less than 55 m in depth...
      
      , Peltorhamphus latus (James, 1972).
    • New Zealand sole
      New Zealand sole
      The New Zealand sole or common sole, Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae, is a righteye flounder of the genus Peltorhamphus, found around New Zealand in shallow enclosed waters less than 100 m in depth...
      
      , Peltorhamphus novaezeelandiae (Günther, 1862).
    • Peltorhamphus tenuis
      Peltorhamphus tenuis
      Peltorhamphus tenuis is a righteye flounder of the family Pleuronectidae, found only around New Zealand in enclosed waters less than 100 m in depth.-References:...
      
      (James, 1972).
  • Genus Psammodiscus
    
    • Indonesian ocellated flounder
      Indonesian ocellated flounder
      The Indonesian ocellated flounder, Psammodiscus ocellatus, is an edible flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sandy bottoms in the eastern Indian Ocean, particularly Indonesia and northwestern Australia. It can reach in length....
      
      , Psammodiscus ocellatus (Starks & Thompson, 1910).
  • Genus Rhombosolea
    Rhombosolea
    Rhombosolea is a genus of flounders. All four of the species in this genus can be found in the waters around New Zealand and Australia.-Species:* Yellowbelly flounder, Rhombosolea leporina ....
    
    
    • Yellowbelly flounder
      Yellowbelly flounder
      The yellowbelly flounder, Rhombosolea leporina, is a flatfish of the genus Rhombosolea, found around New Zealand.-References:* Tony Ayling & Geoffrey Cox, Collins Guide to the Sea Fishes of New Zealand, ISBN 0-00-216987-8...
      
      , Rhombosolea leporina (Günther, 1862).
    • New Zealand flounder
      New Zealand flounder
      The New Zealand flounder, Rhombosolea plebeia, is a righteye flounder of the genus Rhombosolea, found around New Zealand in shallow waters down to depths of 100 m. Their length is from 25 to 45 cm.-References:...
      
      , Rhombosolea plebeia (Richardson
      John Richardson (naturalist)
      Sir John Richardson was a Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer.Richardson was born at Dumfries. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University, and became a surgeon in the navy in 1807. He traveled with John Franklin in search of the Northwest Passage on the Coppermine Expedition of...
      
      , 1843).
    • Black flounder
      Black flounder
      The black flounder, Rhombosolea retiaria, is a flatfish of the genus Rhombosolea, found around New Zealand in shallow enclosed waters and coastal freshwater lakes. Their length is from 20 to 45 cm.-References:...
      
      , Rhombosolea retiaria (Hutton
      Frederick Wollaston Hutton
      Captain Frederick Wollaston Hutton, FRS, was an English scientist who applied the theory of natural selection to explain the origins and nature of the natural history of New Zealand.- Biography :...
      
      , 1873)
    • Greenback flounder
      Greenback flounder
      The greenback flounder, Rhombosolea tapirina, is a righteye flounder of the genus Rhombosolea, found around southern Australia and New Zealand.-References:...
      
      , Rhombosolea tapirina (Günther, 1862).
  • Genus Taratretis
    Taratretis
    Taratretis is a genus of fish in the Pleuronectidae family. It consists of only one species, the Derwent flounder....
    
    
    • Derwent flounder
      Derwent flounder
      The Derwent flounder, Taratretis derwentensis, is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae. It is a demersal fish that lives on sand and mud bottoms in shallow coastal waters, at depths of between . Its native habitat is the southwestern Pacific, particularly the south east coast of Australia, from...
      
      , Taratretis derwentensis (Last, 1978).