Cantemir is a district in the south of Moldova

Moldova

Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...

, with the administrative center at Cantemir

Cantemir

- People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir (died 1726), son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir...

.
As of January 1, 2011, its population was 62,800.

History

Localities with the earliest documentary

Documentary

A documentary is a creative work of non-fiction, including:* Documentary film, including television* Radio documentary* Documentary photographyRelated terms include:...

 attestation of the district are: Haragîș

Haragîş

Haragîş is a commune in Cantemir district, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Haragîş....

, Stoianeuca

Stoianovca

Stoianovca is a commune in Cantemir district, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Stoianovca.It is also a border crossing between Moldova and Romania....

, Lărguța

Lărguţa

Lărguţa is a commune in Cantemir district, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Lărguţa....

, Cîrpești

Cîrpeşti

Cîrpeşti is a commune in Cantemir district, Moldova. It is composed of a single village, Cîrpeşti....

 localities approved for the first time in the period 1443-1489. In the 16th and 17th centuries, most of all to develop trade

Trade

Trade is the transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person or entity to another. Trade is sometimes loosely called commerce or financial transaction or barter. A network that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and...

, agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of animals, plants, fungi and other life forms for food, fiber, and other products used to sustain life. Agriculture was the key implement in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the...

 and there is a significant population

Population

A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...

 increase. In 1812, after the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812), is the occupation of Basarabia, Russian Empire during this period (1812-1856, 1878-1917), there is an intense russification

Russification

Russification is an adoption of the Russian language or some other Russian attributes by non-Russian communities...

 of the native population. In 1856-1878, after the Crimean War

Crimean War

The Crimean War was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining...

 district is part of the Romania

Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

. In 1918 after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Bessarabia united with Romania

Union of Bessarabia with Romania

On , the Sfatul Ţării, or National Council, of Bessarabia proclaimed union with the Kingdom of Romania.-Governorate of Bessarabia:The 1812 Treaty of Bucharest between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empires provided for Russian annexation of the eastern half of the territory of the Principality...

 in this period (1918–1940, 1941-1944), the district is part of the Ismail County. In 1940 after Molotov-Ribbentrop Treaty, Basarabia is occupied by the USSR. In 1991 as a result of the proclamation of Independence of Moldova

Independence of Moldova

The Independence of Moldova was officially recognized on March 2, 1992, when Moldova gained membership of the United Nations. The nation had declared its independence from the Soviet Union on August 27, 1991, and was a co-founder of the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States...

, part and residence of the Cahul County

Cahul County

Cahul County was a county of Bessarabia. In the Middle Ages, its territory belonged to the Fălciu County, but after the annexation of Bessarabia by the Russian Empire in 1812 it became a county by itself.- History :...

 (1991-2003), and in 2003 became administrative unit of Moldova

Moldova

Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...

.

Geography

Cantemir district is located in the south part of the Republic of Moldova. Neighborhood has the following districts: Leova District in north, east Gagauzia

Gagauzia

Gagauzia , formally known as the Autonomous Territorial Unit of Găgăuzia , is an autonomous region of...

, Cahul District in southern and border

Border

Borders define geographic boundaries of political entities or legal jurisdictions, such as governments, sovereign states, federated states and other subnational entities. Some borders—such as a state's internal administrative borders, or inter-state borders within the Schengen Area—are open and...

 state in west to Romania

Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

, on the river Prut

Prut

The Prut is a long river in Eastern Europe. In part of its course it forms the border between Romania and Moldova.-Overview:...

. The relief

Relief

Relief is a sculptural technique. The term relief is from the Latin verb levo, to raise. To create a sculpture in relief is thus to give the impression that the sculpted material has been raised above the background plane...

 is generally hilly plain with the maximum altitude is 301 m hill Tigheci

Tigheci

Tigheci is a commune in Leova district, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Tigheci and Cuporani....

 (Tigheci Plateau) in the western part of district. Minimum altitude 10–15 m (Lower Prut

Prut

The Prut is a long river in Eastern Europe. In part of its course it forms the border between Romania and Moldova.-Overview:...

 Plain ). Erosion

Erosion

Erosion is when materials are removed from the surface and changed into something else. It only works by hydraulic actions and transport of solids in the natural environment, and leads to the deposition of these materials elsewhere...

 processes with a medium intensity.

Climate

Temperate

Temperate

In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...

 continental climate

Climate

Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over long periods...

 with an annual average district temperature

Temperature

Temperature is a physical property of matter that quantitatively expresses the common notions of hot and cold. Objects of low temperature are cold, while various degrees of higher temperatures are referred to as warm or hot...

 +11 c. July

July

July is the seventh month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and one of seven months with the length of 31 days. It is, on average, the warmest month in most of the Northern hemisphere and the coldest month in much of the Southern hemisphere...

 average temperature +23 C, of January

January

January is the first month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and one of seven months with the length of 31 days. The first day of the month is known as New Year's Day...

 -3 C. Annual precipitation

Precipitation (meteorology)

In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation In meteorology, precipitation (also known as one of the classes of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation...

 450–550 mm. Average wind

Wind

Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale. On Earth, wind consists of the bulk movement of air. In outer space, solar wind is the movement of gases or charged particles from the sun through space, while planetary wind is the outgassing of light chemical elements from a planet's atmosphere into space...

 speed 3–6 m \ s.

Fauna

Typical Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

an steppe

Steppe

In physical geography, steppe is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes...

 fauna

Fauna

Fauna or faunæ is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna"...

, with the presence of such mammals such as foxes, hedgehog

Hedgehog

A hedgehog is any of the spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae and the order Erinaceomorpha. There are 17 species of hedgehog in five genera, found through parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Zealand . There are no hedgehogs native to Australia, and no living species native to the Americas...

s, deer

Deer

Deer are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. Species in the Cervidae family include white-tailed deer, elk, moose, red deer, reindeer, fallow deer, roe deer and chital. Male deer of all species and female reindeer grow and shed new antlers each year...

, wild boar, polecat

European polecat

The European polecat , also known as the black or forest polecat , is a species of Mustelid native to western Eurasia and North Africa, which is classed by the IUCN as Least Concern due to its wide range and large numbers. It is of a generally dark brown colour, with a pale underbelly and a dark...

, wild cat

Wild cat

The wildcat is a small cat with several subspecies and a very broad distribution, found throughout most of Africa, Europe, and southwest and central Asia into India, China, and Mongolia. It is a hunter of small mammals, birds, and other creatures of a similar or smaller size. Sometimes included is...

, ermine

Ermine

Ermine has several uses:* A common name for the stoat * The white fur and black tail end of this animal, which is historically worn by and associated with royalty and high officials...

 and others. Of birds: partridges, crows, eagles

Eagles

The Eagles are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1971 by Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Bernie Leadon, and Randy Meisner.With five number one singles, six Grammys, five American Music Awards, and six number one albums, the Eagles were one of the most successful musical acts of the...

, starling

Starling

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds in the family Sturnidae. The name "Sturnidae" comes from the Latin word for starling, sturnus. Many Asian species, particularly the larger ones, are called mynas, and many African species are known as glossy starlings because of their iridescent...

, swallow

Swallow

The swallows and martins are a group of passerine birds in the family Hirundinidae which are characterised by their adaptation to aerial feeding...

 and more.

Flora

Forests occupy 11.3% of the district are complemented by tree species such as oak

Oak

An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus , of which about 600 species exist. "Oak" may also appear in the names of species in related genera, notably Lithocarpus...

, ash, hornbeam

Hornbeam

Hornbeams are relatively small hardwood trees in the genus Carpinus . Though some botanists grouped them with the hazels and hop-hornbeams in a segregate family, Corylaceae, modern botanists place the hornbeams in the birch subfamily Coryloideae...

, linden, maple

Maple

Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern classifications, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system, favour inclusion in...

, walnut

Walnut

Juglans is a plant genus of the family Juglandaceae, the seeds of which are known as walnuts. They are deciduous trees, 10–40 meters tall , with pinnate leaves 200–900 millimetres long , with 5–25 leaflets; the shoots have chambered pith, a character shared with the wingnuts , but not the hickories...

 and others. From plants: wormwood

Artemisia (plant)

Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 to 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. It comprises hardy herbs and shrubs known for their volatile oils. They grow in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, usually in dry or semi-dry...

, denial

Denial

Denial is a defense mechanism postulated by Sigmund Freud, in which a person is faced with a fact that is too uncomfortable to accept and rejects it instead, insisting that it is not true despite what may be overwhelming evidence.The subject may use:* simple denial: deny the reality of the...

, knotweed, fescue

Fescue

Festuce is a genus of about 300 species of perennial tufted grasses, belonging to the grass family Poaceae . The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, although the majority of the species are found in cool temperate areas...

, nettle

Nettle

Nettles constitute between 24 and 39 species of flowering plants of the genus Urtica in the family Urticaceae, with a cosmopolitan though mainly temperate distribution. They are mostly herbaceous perennial plants, but some are annual and a few are shrubby...

 and many others.

Rivers

The main river in the district is Prut

Prut

The Prut is a long river in Eastern Europe. In part of its course it forms the border between Romania and Moldova.-Overview:...

, crosses district in the west. Its tributaries are usually short. Most lakes are artificial origin.

Administrative subdivisions

• Localities: 51
  • Administrative center: Cantemir
    Cantemir
    - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir (died 1726), son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir...
    
    
    • Cities: Cantemir
      Cantemir
      - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir (died 1726), son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir...
      
      
      • Villages: 24
        • Communes: 26

Demographics

1 January 2011 the district population was 62,800 of which 9.6% urban

Urban area

An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further...

 and 90.4% rural

Rural

Rural areas or the country or countryside are areas that are not urbanized, though when large areas are described, country towns and smaller cities will be included. They have a low population density, and typically much of the land is devoted to agriculture...

 population

• Births (2010): 779 (12.4 per 1000)
• Deaths (2010): 846 (13.4 per 1000)
• Growth Rate (2010): -67 (-1.0 per 1000)

Ethnic groups

Ethnic group Ethnic group An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...	Population	% of total*
Moldovans Moldovans Moldovans or Moldavians are the largest population group of Moldova...  (Romanians Romanians The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania.... )	53,986	89.83%
Bulgarians Bulgarians The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...	3,736	6.23%
Ukrainians Ukrainians Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...	969	1.61%
Russians Russians The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....	710	1.18%
Gagauzians	569	0.86%
Gypsies	43	0.07%
Others	128	0.21%

Religion

• Christians - 98.1%
  • Orthodox Christians - 96.6%
  • Protestant - 1.5%
    • Baptists - 0.9%
    • Seventh-day Adventists - 0.4%
    • Pentecostals - 0.2%
• Other - 1.0%
• No Religion - 0.9%

Economy

The district is in total 18,186 registered businesses.
The share of agricultural land is 49,602 ha (57.0%) of them occupy 40 902 ha (47.0%) of arable

Arable

Arable relates to the growing of crops:* Arable farming or agronomy, the cultivation of field crops* Arable land, land upon which crops are cultivated.* Arable crops program, a consolidated support system operated under the EU Common Agricultural Policy....

 land, plantations of orchards - 2272 ha (2.6%), vineyards - 5660 ha (6.5%), pastures - 11,500 ha (13.2% ). Main crops: cereals (wheat

Wheat

Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...

, oats

OATS

OATS - Open Source Assistive Technology Software - is a source code repository or "forge" for assistive technology software. It was launched in 2006 with the goal to provide a one-stop “shop” for end users, clinicians and open-source developers to promote and develop open source assistive...

), sunflower

Sunflower

Sunflower is an annual plant native to the Americas. It possesses a large inflorescence . The sunflower got its name from its huge, fiery blooms, whose shape and image is often used to depict the sun. The sunflower has a rough, hairy stem, broad, coarsely toothed, rough leaves and circular heads...

, canola

Canola

Canola refers to a cultivar of either Rapeseed or Field Mustard . Its seeds are used to produce edible oil suitable for consumption by humans and livestock. The oil is also suitable for use as biodiesel.Originally, Canola was bred naturally from rapeseed in Canada by Keith Downey and Baldur R...

, soybeans, vegetables.

Education

At activates Cantemir district, 41 educational institutions.
Total number of students, including 8967 children in schools, 130 students in vocational school

Vocational school

A vocational school , providing vocational education, is a school in which students are taught the skills needed to perform a particular job...

 in the Cantemir city

Cantemir

- People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir - People :*members of the Cantemirești family:**Antioh Cantemir (died 1726), son of Constantin Cantemir, Voivode of Moldavia**Antiokh Dmitrievich Kantemir...

.

Politics

Cantemir district granted priority mainly right-wing parties

Centre-right

The centre-right or center-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals, political parties, or organizations whose views stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding far right stances. Centre-right can also describe a coalition of centrist...

. In Moldova

Moldova

Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...

 represented by the AEI

Alliance for European Integration

The Alliance for European Integration is the ruling coalition in Moldova since the July 2009 election.-Overall context :After April 2009 election and the civil unrest, the climate in Moldova became very polarised. The parliament failed to elect a new president. For this reason, the parliament was...

. PCRM is a continuous fall in percentage the last three elections.

During the last three elections AEI

Alliance for European Integration

The Alliance for European Integration is the ruling coalition in Moldova since the July 2009 election.-Overall context :After April 2009 election and the civil unrest, the climate in Moldova became very polarised. The parliament failed to elect a new president. For this reason, the parliament was...

 had an increase of 47.5%

Parliament elections results

Year	AEI Alliance for European Integration The Alliance for European Integration is the ruling coalition in Moldova since the July 2009 election.-Overall context :After April 2009 election and the civil unrest, the climate in Moldova became very polarised. The parliament failed to elect a new president. For this reason, the parliament was...	PCRM
2010 Moldovan parliamentary election, 2010 A parliamentary election was held in Moldova on 28 November 2010 after indirect presidential elections failed for the second time in late 2009.-Pre-election developments:...	55.59% 14,573	34.80% 9,003
July 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election, July 2009 - Pre-election developments :The country's parliament, elected months earlier, was dissolved by president Vladimir Voronin on 15 June 2009, after it had twice failed to elect a new president....	55.83% 14,293	40.81% 10,445
April 2009	39.25% 9,879	47.11% 11,858

Elections

Summary of 28 November 2010 Parliament of Moldova election results

Moldovan parliamentary election, 2010

A parliamentary election was held in Moldova on 28 November 2010 after indirect presidential elections failed for the second time in late 2009.-Pre-election developments:...

 in Cantemir District
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="2" valign=center|Parties and coalitions
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|Votes
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|%
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right|+/−
|-
||
|align=left|Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova

Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova

The Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova is a political party in the Republic of Moldova. The Party's Founding Congress was held on December 8, 2007 and Vlad Filat was elected as president....

|align="right"|9,124
|align="right"|34.80
|align="right"|+9.87
|-
||
|align=left|Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova
|align="right"|9,003
|align="right"|34.34
|align="right"|−6.47
|-
||
|align=left|Democratic Party of Moldova

Democratic Party of Moldova

The Democratic Party of Moldova is a social-democratic political party in Moldova.-Overview:In the legislative elections of 6 March 2005, the party was part of the Electoral Bloc Democratic Moldova , that won 28.4 % of the popular vote and 34 out of 101 seats. Inside the Bloc the party won 8 seats...

|align="right"|3,143
|align="right"|11,99
|align="right"|+1.92
|-
||
|align=left|Liberal Party

Liberal Party (Moldova)

The Liberal Party is a conservative-liberal political party in Moldova.The president of the party is Mihai Ghimpu. His nephew Dorin Chirtoacă is its vice-president.-History:...

|align="right"|2,037
|align="right"|7.77
|align="right"|−3.27
|-
|bgcolor=#0033cc|
|align=left|European Action Movement

European Action Movement

The European Action Movement was political party in Moldova. It merged into the Liberal Party in March 2011.- Overview :The party was formed at the first congress on October 22, 2006. The first president was Anatol Petrencu...

|align="right"|1,507
|align="right"|5.75
|align="right"|+5.75
|-
||
|align=left|Party Alliance Our Moldova

Party Alliance Our Moldova

The Party Alliance Our Moldova was a social liberal political party in Moldova led by Serafim Urechean, former mayor of Chişinău. It merged into the Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova in 2011.-History:...

|align="right"|269
|align="right"|1.03
|align="right"|-8.76
|-
|bgcolor="grey"|
|align=left|Other Party
|align="right"|1,139
|align="right"|4.32
|align="right"|+0.96
|-
|align=left style="background-color:#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|Total (turnout 57.98%)
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|26,379
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|100.00
|width="30" align="right" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|

Culture

In district works: 3 museums, 76 artistic including 24 bands holding the title of the band modern, 46 libraries, 43 houses and community center's.

Health

The district works: a hospital

Hospital

A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Hospitals often, but not always, provide for inpatient care or longer-term patient stays....

 with general fund of 220 beds. A center of family doctor's in the composition of which are 25 offices of the family

Family

In human context, a family is a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence. In most societies it is the principal institution for the socialization of children...

 doctor, 4 health center's. In health

Health

Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind, body and spirit, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain...

 care population of Cantemir district operates 64 doctor

Physician

A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...

's, 263 average staff

Employment

Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. An employee may be defined as:- Employee :...

, nurses, 254 auxiliary

Auxiliary

Auxiliary may refer to:* A backup site or system* Auxiliary input jack, generally for audio* Auxiliary verb* International auxiliary language* Auxiliary police* Auxiliaries, troops supporting the main force of an army** Auxiliaries...

health staff.