SAP30
Encyclopedia
Sin3A-associated protein, 30kDa, also known as SAP30, is a protein
which in humans is encoded by the SAP30 gene
.
acetylation
plays a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are catalyzed by multisubunit complexes. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the histone deacetylase
complex, which includes SIN3A
, SAP18
, HDAC1
, HDAC2, RbAp46
, RbAp48
, and other polypeptides. This complex is active in deacetylating core histone octamers, but inactive in deacetylating nucleosomal histones. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 3.
Mammals have one paralog of SAP30, named SAP30-like (SAP30L), which shares 70 % sequence identity with SAP30. SAP30 and SAP30L together constitute a well-conserved SAP30 protein family. Also SAP30L interacts with several components of the Sin3A corepressor complex and induces transcriptional repression via recruitment of Sin3A and histone deacetylases.
Proteins of the SAP30 family (SAP30 proteins) have a functional nucleolar localization signal and they are able to target Sin3A to the nucleolus. SAP30 proteins have sequence-independent contact with DNA by their N-terminal zinc-dependent module and their acidic central region contributes to histone and nucleosome interactions. The DNA binding of SAP30 proteins is regulated by the nuclear signalling lipids, phosphoinositides (PI). SAP30 proteins provide the first example in which the DNA and PIs seem to stand in a mutually antagonizing interrelationship in regard to their interaction with zinc finger
proteins and thus exemplifies the molecular mechanism how these lipids can contribute for gene regulation.
with HDAC1
, Histone deacetylase 2
, SIN3A
, RBBP7
, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1
, RBBP4
, ING1
and YY1
.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
which in humans is encoded by the SAP30 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Function
HistoneHistone
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and play a role in gene regulation...
acetylation
Acetylation
Acetylation describes a reaction that introduces an acetyl functional group into a chemical compound...
plays a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are catalyzed by multisubunit complexes. The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the histone deacetylase
Histone deacetylase
Histone deacetylases are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from an ε-N-acetyl lysine amino acid on a histone. This is important because DNA is wrapped around histones, and DNA expression is regulated by acetylation and de-acetylation. Its action is opposite to that of histone...
complex, which includes SIN3A
SIN3A
Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3A gene.-Interactions:SIN3A has been shown to interact with HDAC9, OGT, RBBP7, RBBP4, Host cell factor C1, MXD1, IKZF1, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, SAP130, KLF11, Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2, HDAC1,...
, SAP18
SAP18
Histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP18 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SAP18 gene.-Interactions:SAP18 has been shown to interact with POLE2, GLI1 and RGS10.-Further reading:...
, HDAC1
HDAC1
Histone deacetylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.-Interactions:HDAC1 has been shown to interact with RAD9A, DNMT3L, MTA1, FKBP3, CDC20, CDH1, Host cell factor C1, BUB3, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, IKZF1, Prohibitin, EVI1, DDX5, DNMT3A, Mothers against...
, HDAC2, RbAp46
RBBP7
Histone-binding protein RBBP7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP7 gene.-Interactions:RBBP7 has been shown to interact with HDAC1, MTA2, SIN3A, Retinoblastoma protein, SAP30, GATAD2B and BRCA1.-Further reading:...
, RbAp48
RBBP4
Histone-binding protein RBBP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP4 gene.-Interactions:RBBP4 has been shown to interact with HDAC1, Histone deacetylase 2, SIN3A, Retinoblastoma protein, SAP30, CREB-binding protein, GATAD2B, BRCA1, MTA2 and HDAC3.-Further reading:...
, and other polypeptides. This complex is active in deacetylating core histone octamers, but inactive in deacetylating nucleosomal histones. A pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 3.
Mammals have one paralog of SAP30, named SAP30-like (SAP30L), which shares 70 % sequence identity with SAP30. SAP30 and SAP30L together constitute a well-conserved SAP30 protein family. Also SAP30L interacts with several components of the Sin3A corepressor complex and induces transcriptional repression via recruitment of Sin3A and histone deacetylases.
Proteins of the SAP30 family (SAP30 proteins) have a functional nucleolar localization signal and they are able to target Sin3A to the nucleolus. SAP30 proteins have sequence-independent contact with DNA by their N-terminal zinc-dependent module and their acidic central region contributes to histone and nucleosome interactions. The DNA binding of SAP30 proteins is regulated by the nuclear signalling lipids, phosphoinositides (PI). SAP30 proteins provide the first example in which the DNA and PIs seem to stand in a mutually antagonizing interrelationship in regard to their interaction with zinc finger
Zinc finger
Zinc fingers are small protein structural motifs that can coordinate one or more zinc ions to help stabilize their folds. They can be classified into several different structural families and typically function as interaction modules that bind DNA, RNA, proteins, or small molecules...
proteins and thus exemplifies the molecular mechanism how these lipids can contribute for gene regulation.
Interactions
SAP30 has been shown to interactProtein-protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...
with HDAC1
HDAC1
Histone deacetylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC1 gene.-Interactions:HDAC1 has been shown to interact with RAD9A, DNMT3L, MTA1, FKBP3, CDC20, CDH1, Host cell factor C1, BUB3, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, IKZF1, Prohibitin, EVI1, DDX5, DNMT3A, Mothers against...
, Histone deacetylase 2
Histone deacetylase 2
Histone deacetylase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HDAC2 gene.-Interactions:Histone deacetylase 2 has been shown to interact with CHD3, MTA1, FKBP3, CHD4, RCOR1, Retinoblastoma protein, CDC20, RBBP4, CDH1, EED, GTF2I, Host cell factor C1, PHF21A, BUB3, MXD1, HDAC10, RELA, Sp3...
, SIN3A
SIN3A
Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIN3A gene.-Interactions:SIN3A has been shown to interact with HDAC9, OGT, RBBP7, RBBP4, Host cell factor C1, MXD1, IKZF1, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, SAP130, KLF11, Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2, HDAC1,...
, RBBP7
RBBP7
Histone-binding protein RBBP7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP7 gene.-Interactions:RBBP7 has been shown to interact with HDAC1, MTA2, SIN3A, Retinoblastoma protein, SAP30, GATAD2B and BRCA1.-Further reading:...
, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1
Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1
The nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 also known as thyroid-hormone- and retinoic-acid-receptor-associated co-repressor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCOR1 gene....
, RBBP4
RBBP4
Histone-binding protein RBBP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP4 gene.-Interactions:RBBP4 has been shown to interact with HDAC1, Histone deacetylase 2, SIN3A, Retinoblastoma protein, SAP30, CREB-binding protein, GATAD2B, BRCA1, MTA2 and HDAC3.-Further reading:...
, ING1
ING1
Inhibitor of growth protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ING1 gene.-Location on Chromosome 13:ING1 is located near the following genes on Chromosome 13*CARKD Carbohydrate Kinase Domain-Containing Protein...
and YY1
YY1
Transcriptional repressor protein YY1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YY1 gene.-Interactions:YY1 has been shown to interact with Histone deacetylase 2, FKBP3, ATF6, Myc, SAP30, EP300, HDAC3, NOTCH1 and RYBP....
.