Scientific research on the ISS
Encyclopedia
Scientific Research on the International Space Station
is a collection of experiments that require one or more of the unusual conditions present in low Earth orbit
. The primary fields of research include human research, space medicine
, life sciences, physical science
s, astronomy
and meteorology
. The 2005 NASA Authorization Act
designated the American segment of the International Space Station as a national laboratory with the goal of increasing the use of the ISS by other federal agencies and the private sector.
Research on the ISS improves knowledge about the effects of long-term space exposure on the human body. Subjects currently under study include muscle atrophy
, bone loss
, and fluid shift. The data will be used to determine whether space colonisation and lengthy human spaceflight
are feasible. As of 2006, data on bone loss and muscular atrophy suggest that there would be a significant risk of fractures and movement problems if astronauts landed on a planet after a lengthy interplanetary cruise (such as the six-month journey time required to fly to Mars
).
Large scale medical studies are conducted aboard the ISS via the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI). Prominent among these is the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity
study in which astronauts (including former ISS Commanders Leroy Chiao
and Gennady Padalka
) perform ultrasound scans under the guidance of remote experts. The study considers the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions in space. Usually, there is no physician on board the ISS, and diagnosis of medical conditions is a challenge. It is anticipated that remotely guided ultrasound scans will have application on Earth in emergency and rural care situations where access to a trained physician is difficult.
Researchers are investigating the effect of the station's near-weightless environment on the evolution, development, growth and internal processes of plants and animals. In response to some of this data, NASA wants to investigate microgravity's effects on the growth of three-dimensional, human-like tissues, and the unusual protein crystals that can be formed in space.
The investigation of the physics of fluids in microgravity will allow researchers to model the behaviour of fluids better. Because fluids can be almost completely combined in microgravity, physicists investigate fluids that do not mix well on Earth. In addition, an examination of reactions that are slowed by low gravity and temperatures will give scientists a deeper understanding of superconductivity
.
The study of materials science
is an important ISS research activity, with the objective of reaping economic benefits through the improvement of techniques used on the ground. Other areas of interest include the effect of the low gravity environment on combustion, through the study of the efficiency of burning and control of emissions and pollutants. These findings may improve our knowledge about energy production, and lead to economic and environmental benefits. Future plans are for the researchers aboard the ISS to examine aerosol
s, ozone
, water vapour
, and oxide
s in Earth's atmosphere, as well as cosmic ray
s, cosmic dust
, antimatter
, and dark matter
in the universe.
When completed, The ISS will include a number of modules devoted to scientific activity as well as other hardware designed for the same purpose.
Laboratory modules:
Scientific hardware not attached to any laboratory module:
Internal scientific hardware:
External scientific hardware:
Internal scientific hardware:
External scientific hardware:
↑
↑
↑
↑
Funded by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), APEX-Cambium will help determine the role gravity plays in trees forming different kinds of wood.
Radiation monitoring experiment is called EVARM and it was conducted in 2002 and 2003
ESA's scientific programme for Life and Physical Sciences is defined by and originates from ELIPS: European Programme for Life and Physical Sciences
A description of the experiment and the performance
status is given in ESA's Erasmus Experiment Archive (EEA) and in addition a condensed account of the experiements aim and foundation has been provided in ESA's Human Spaceflight Science Newsletter no.1, 2010. The experiment
needs 8-10 human test subjects for medical statistics reasons,
for it to be completed. The experiment tests two hypotheses that are based on
a more than two decades long research in understanding the reaction of the cardiovascular system to exposure to
microgravity. The responses that can be observed in Space in the areas of adjustment of blood pressure, resistance in
the circulation, tissue fluid filling and urine excretion, etc. do not fit completely with theories. Thus, the new theories
for how the observable reactions could be explained.
Fee-based utilization of Kibo is available to unrestricted research groups for commercial use. Costs involved in the operation will be paid by each user. The results obtained through the utilization will belong to the user.
Host Immunity in Space (FIT)
Antibiotic Production in Space (CGBA-APS)
Synaptogenesis in Microgravity (CGBA-SM)
(MEPS)
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
mission STS-134
is due to carry 13 Lego
kits to the ISS, where astronauts will build models and see how they react in microgravity, as part of the Lego Bricks in Space program. The results will be shared with schools as part of an educational project.
International Space Station
The International Space Station is a habitable, artificial satellite in low Earth orbit. The ISS follows the Salyut, Almaz, Cosmos, Skylab, and Mir space stations, as the 11th space station launched, not including the Genesis I and II prototypes...
is a collection of experiments that require one or more of the unusual conditions present in low Earth orbit
Low Earth orbit
A low Earth orbit is generally defined as an orbit within the locus extending from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of 2,000 km...
. The primary fields of research include human research, space medicine
Space medicine
Space medicine is the practice of medicine on astronauts in outer space whereas astronautical hygiene is the application of science and technology to the prevention or control of exposure to the hazards that may cause astronaut ill health. Both these sciences work together to ensure that...
, life sciences, physical science
Physical science
Physical science is an encompassing term for the branches of natural science and science that study non-living systems, in contrast to the life sciences...
s, astronomy
Astronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth...
and meteorology
Meteorology
Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere. Studies in the field stretch back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not occur until the 18th century. The 19th century saw breakthroughs occur after observing networks developed across several countries...
. The 2005 NASA Authorization Act
NASA Authorization Act of 2005
The NASA Authorization Act of 2005 is an act of the United States Congress. It was signed by the then President George W. Bush and became Public Law 109-155 on December 30, 2005....
designated the American segment of the International Space Station as a national laboratory with the goal of increasing the use of the ISS by other federal agencies and the private sector.
Research on the ISS improves knowledge about the effects of long-term space exposure on the human body. Subjects currently under study include muscle atrophy
Muscle atrophy
Muscle atrophy, or disuse atrophy, is defined as a decrease in the mass of the muscle; it can be a partial or complete wasting away of muscle. When a muscle atrophies, this leads to muscle weakness, since the ability to exert force is related to mass...
, bone loss
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis the bone mineral density is reduced, bone microarchitecture is deteriorating, and the amount and variety of proteins in bone is altered...
, and fluid shift. The data will be used to determine whether space colonisation and lengthy human spaceflight
Human spaceflight
Human spaceflight is spaceflight with humans on the spacecraft. When a spacecraft is manned, it can be piloted directly, as opposed to machine or robotic space probes and remotely-controlled satellites....
are feasible. As of 2006, data on bone loss and muscular atrophy suggest that there would be a significant risk of fractures and movement problems if astronauts landed on a planet after a lengthy interplanetary cruise (such as the six-month journey time required to fly to Mars
Manned mission to Mars
A manned mission to Mars has been the subject of science fiction, engineering, and scientific proposals throughout the 20th century and into the 21st century...
).
Large scale medical studies are conducted aboard the ISS via the National Space and Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI). Prominent among these is the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity
Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity
The Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity Project is a US Government funded study investigating strategies for applying diagnostic telemedicine to space. The Principal Investigator is Scott Dulchavsky, Chairman of Surgery at the Henry Ford Health System...
study in which astronauts (including former ISS Commanders Leroy Chiao
Leroy Chiao
Dr. Leroy Chiao , is an American engineer, former NASA astronaut, entrepreneur, motivational speaker and engineering consultant. Chiao flew on three shuttle flights, and was the commander of Expedition 10, where he lived on board the International Space Station from October 13, 2004 to April 24,...
and Gennady Padalka
Gennady Padalka
Gennady Ivanovich Padalka is a Russian Air Force officer and an RSA cosmonaut. As of June 2010, Gennady ranks sixth for career time in space due to his time on both Mir and the International Space Station....
) perform ultrasound scans under the guidance of remote experts. The study considers the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions in space. Usually, there is no physician on board the ISS, and diagnosis of medical conditions is a challenge. It is anticipated that remotely guided ultrasound scans will have application on Earth in emergency and rural care situations where access to a trained physician is difficult.
Researchers are investigating the effect of the station's near-weightless environment on the evolution, development, growth and internal processes of plants and animals. In response to some of this data, NASA wants to investigate microgravity's effects on the growth of three-dimensional, human-like tissues, and the unusual protein crystals that can be formed in space.
The investigation of the physics of fluids in microgravity will allow researchers to model the behaviour of fluids better. Because fluids can be almost completely combined in microgravity, physicists investigate fluids that do not mix well on Earth. In addition, an examination of reactions that are slowed by low gravity and temperatures will give scientists a deeper understanding of superconductivity
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance occurring in certain materials below a characteristic temperature. It was discovered by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum...
.
The study of materials science
Materials science
Materials science is an interdisciplinary field applying the properties of matter to various areas of science and engineering. This scientific field investigates the relationship between the structure of materials at atomic or molecular scales and their macroscopic properties. It incorporates...
is an important ISS research activity, with the objective of reaping economic benefits through the improvement of techniques used on the ground. Other areas of interest include the effect of the low gravity environment on combustion, through the study of the efficiency of burning and control of emissions and pollutants. These findings may improve our knowledge about energy production, and lead to economic and environmental benefits. Future plans are for the researchers aboard the ISS to examine aerosol
Aerosol
Technically, an aerosol is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas. Examples are clouds, and air pollution such as smog and smoke. In general conversation, aerosol usually refers to an aerosol spray can or the output of such a can...
s, ozone
Ozone
Ozone , or trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope...
, water vapour
Water vapor
Water vapor or water vapour , also aqueous vapor, is the gas phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Under typical atmospheric conditions, water vapor is continuously...
, and oxide
Oxide
An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom in its chemical formula. Metal oxides typically contain an anion of oxygen in the oxidation state of −2....
s in Earth's atmosphere, as well as cosmic ray
Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays are energetic charged subatomic particles, originating from outer space. They may produce secondary particles that penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and surface. The term ray is historical as cosmic rays were thought to be electromagnetic radiation...
s, cosmic dust
Cosmic dust
Cosmic dust is a type of dust composed of particles in space which are a few molecules to 0.1 µm in size. Cosmic dust can be further distinguished by its astronomical location; for example: intergalactic dust, interstellar dust, interplanetary dust and circumplanetary dust .In our own Solar...
, antimatter
Antimatter
In particle physics, antimatter is the extension of the concept of the antiparticle to matter, where antimatter is composed of antiparticles in the same way that normal matter is composed of particles...
, and dark matter
Dark matter
In astronomy and cosmology, dark matter is matter that neither emits nor scatters light or other electromagnetic radiation, and so cannot be directly detected via optical or radio astronomy...
in the universe.
ISS Science Facilities
↑When completed, The ISS will include a number of modules devoted to scientific activity as well as other hardware designed for the same purpose.
Laboratory modules:
- ColumbusColumbus (ISS module)Columbus is a science laboratory that is part of the International Space Station and is the largest single contribution to the ISS made by the European Space Agency ....
- Destiny
- KiboJapanese Experiment ModuleThe Japanese Experiment Module , also known with the nickname , is a Japanese science module for the International Space Station developed by JAXA. It is the largest single ISS module. The first two pieces of the module were launched on space shuttle missions STS-123 and STS-124...
or the Japanese Experiment Module - Poisk or Mini-Research Module 2
- RassvetRassvet (ISS module)Rassvet , also known as the Mini-Research Module 1 and formerly known as the Docking Cargo Module , is a component of the International Space Station . The module's design is similar to the Mir Docking Module launched on STS-74 in 1995. Rassvet is primarily used for cargo storage and as a docking...
or Mini-Research Module 1 - Nauka or Multipurpose Laboratory Module (not yet launched)
Scientific hardware not attached to any laboratory module:
- Alpha Magnetic SpectrometerAlpha Magnetic SpectrometerThe Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, also designated AMS-02, is a particle physics experiment module that is mounted on the International Space Station. It is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments will help researchers study the formation of...
or AMS - Cupola
- ExPRESS Logistics CarrierEXPRESS Logistics CarrierAn ExPRESS logistics carrier is an unpressurized attached payload platform for the International Space Station that provides mechanical mounting surfaces, electrical power, and command and data handling services for Orbital Replacement Units as well as science experiments on the ISS...
s or ELC - External Stowage PlatformExternal Stowage PlatformExternal Stowage Platforms are key components of the International Space Station . Each ESP is an external pallet that can hold spare parts, also known as Orbital Replacement Units , for the space station. As a platform it is not pressurized, but does require electricity to power the heaters of...
s (ESP) - Orbital Replacement UnitOrbital replacement unitOrbital Replacement Units are key elements of the International Space Station that can be readily replaced when the unit either passes its design life or fails. Examples of ORUs are: pumps, storage tanks, controller boxes, antennas, and battery units. Such units are replaced either by astronauts...
s SPARES
Columbus (ISS module)
↑Internal scientific hardware:
- Biological Experiment Laboratory (BioLab)
- European Drawer Rack (EDR)
- European Physiology Module (EPM)
- European Transportation Carrier (ETC)
- Fluid Science Laboratory (FSL)
- Microgravity Science Glovebox (MSG)
- Muscle Atrophy Research and Exercise System (MARES)
External scientific hardware:
- Columbus - External Payload Facility (Columbus-EPF)Columbus – External Payload FacilityThe Columbus External Payload Facility consists of two identical L-shaped consoles attached to the starboard cone of Columbus in the zenith and nadir positions, each supporting two platforms for external payloads or payload facilities...
- European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF)
- Sun Monitoring on the External Payload Facility of Columbus (Solar)
Destiny (ISS module)
↑- Fluids and Combustion Facility (FCF)
- Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR)
- Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR)
- ExPRESS Rack 1
- ExPRESS Rack 2A
- ExPRESS Rack 3A
- ExPRESS Rack 4
- ExPRESS Rack 5
- ExPRESS Rack 6
- Human Research Facility 1 (HRF-1)
- Human Research Facility 2 (HRF-2)
- Materials Science Research Rack-1 (MSRR-1)
- Minus Eighty-Degree Laboratory Freezer for ISS (MELFI)
- Window Observational Research Facility (WORF)
Kibo (ISS module)
↑Internal scientific hardware:
- Ryutai Experiment Rack (Ryutai)
- Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF)
- Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF)
- Protein Crystallization Research Facility (PCRF)
- Image Processing Unit (IPU)
- Kobairo Rack :
- Gradient Heating Furnace (GHF)
- Saibo Experiment Rack (Saibo)
- Cell Biology Experiment Facility (CBEF)
- Clean Bench (CB)
- Lab Support Equipments and other smaller instruments
- The Minus Eighty Degree Celsius Laboratory Freezer for the International Space Station (MELFI)
- Biological Experiment Unit (BEU)
- High Definition TeleVision transmitting system (HDTV)
- Passive Dosimeter for Life Science Experiments in Space (PADLES)
- Human Research Facility Holter Monitor
- Payload Laptop Terminal (PLT)
- Microgravity Measurement Apparatus (MMA),
- Utility DC/DC Converter Unit (UDC)
External scientific hardware:
- Japanese Experiment Module - Exposed Facility
Poisk (ISS module)
↑- Multipurpose workstation (MWS)
ISS Small Hardware
↑- Actiwatch (Actiwatch)
- BioServe Culture Apparatus (BCA)
- Biological Research in Canisters for OptiCells (BRIC-Opti)
- Human Research Facility Continuous Blood Pressure Device (CBPD)
- Hand Grip Dynamometer Pinch Force Dynamometer (HGD-PFD)
- Human Research Facility Holter Monitor (Holter)
- Kennedy Space Center Fixation Tube (KFT)
- Portable Clinical Blood Analyzer - i-STAT (PCBA)
- Radiation Area Monitor (RAM)
- Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC)
- Urine Monitoring System (UMS)
- Vegetable Production System (Veggie)
ISS Sub-rack
↑
- Advanced Biological Research System (ABRS)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility (APCF)
- ARCTIC Refrigerator-Freezer (ARCTIC)
- Biotechnology Specimen Temperature Controller (BSTC)
- Biotechnology Temperature Refrigerator (BTR)
- Boiling Experiment Facility (BXF)
- Clean Bench (CB)
- Cell Biology Experiment Facility (CBEF)
- Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (CGBA)
- Commercial Plant Biotechnology Facility (CPBF)
- Commercial Refrigerator Incubator Module - Modified (CRIM-M)
- European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS)
- Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF)
- Flywheel Exercise Device (FWED)
- Image Processing Unit (IPU)
- Mice Drawer System Facility (MDS Facility)
- Microgravity Vibration Isolation Subsystem (MVIS)
- Portable Astroculture Chamber (PASC)
- Protein Crystal Growth - Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System (PCG-STES)
- Protein Crystallization Research Facility (PCRF)
- Pulmonary Function System (PFS)
- Portable Glovebox (PGB)
- Refrigerated Centrifuge (RC)
- Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF)
- Space Linear Acceleration Mass Measurement Device (SLAMMD)
- Human Research Facility Ultrasound on the International Space Station (Ultrasound)
ISS Stowage
↑
- Autonomous Biological System (ABS)
- Advanced Space Experiment Processor (ADSEP)
- Astro Garden
- Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC)
- Cell Culturing (CellCult)
- Group Activation Pack - Fluid Processing Apparatus (GAP-FPA)
- Granada Crystallization Facility (GCF)
ISS Mid-deck Locker
↑
- Avian Development Facility (ADF)
- Animal Enclosure Module (AEM)
- General Laboratory Active Cryogenic ISS Experiment Refrigerator (GLACIER)
- Microgravity Experiment Research Locker Incubator (MERLIN)
- T-Cell Growth System (T-CGS)
ISS Mid-deck Locker Insert
↑
- Biotube
- Kennedy Space Center Gaseous Nitrogen Freezer (GN2)
CSA reported ISS Research and Science Activity
↑Experiments
↑- APEX-CAMBIUM - Advanced Plant Experiments on Orbit
Funded by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), APEX-Cambium will help determine the role gravity plays in trees forming different kinds of wood.
- BCAT-5 - Binary Colloidal Alloy Test
- BISE - Bodies In the Space Environment
- CCISS - Space travel can be dizzying
- EVARM - Radiation monitoring experiment
Radiation monitoring experiment is called EVARM and it was conducted in 2002 and 2003
- H-Reflex (ISS Experiment)
- MEIS-2 (ISS Experiment)
- MVIS (ISS Experiment)
- PMDIS (ISS Experiment)
- SODI-IVIDIL (ISS Experiment)
- RaDI-N (ISS Experiment)
ESA reported ISS Research and Science Activity
↑ESA's scientific programme for Life and Physical Sciences is defined by and originates from ELIPS: European Programme for Life and Physical Sciences
ELIPS: European Programme for Life and Physical Sciences in Space
ELIPS - European Programme for Life and Physical Sciences in Space and applications utilising the International Space Station started in 2001 and was intended to cover the activities for the following 5 years...
Biology
- Characterisation of the effects of microgravity on the mechanism of action of Vitamin D in Osteoblasts (VITAMIND)
- Embryonic development of amphibians in weightlessness (AQUARIUS)
- ROle of Apoptosis in Lymphocyte Depression (ROALD)
Cardiovascular Function
↑- A model for investigating mechanisms of heart disease and mechanisms of activation of sympathoadrenal activity in humans during spaceflight (CARD)
A description of the experiment and the performance
status is given in ESA's Erasmus Experiment Archive (EEA) and in addition a condensed account of the experiements aim and foundation has been provided in ESA's Human Spaceflight Science Newsletter no.1, 2010. The experiment
needs 8-10 human test subjects for medical statistics reasons,
for it to be completed. The experiment tests two hypotheses that are based on
a more than two decades long research in understanding the reaction of the cardiovascular system to exposure to
microgravity. The responses that can be observed in Space in the areas of adjustment of blood pressure, resistance in
the circulation, tissue fluid filling and urine excretion, etc. do not fit completely with theories. Thus, the new theories
for how the observable reactions could be explained.
- Blood pressure circadian rhythms in weightlessness (BMI)
- Blood pressure Measurement Instrument (BMI)
- CARDIOCOG-2
- Cardiovascular adaptation to weightlessness (RHYTHM)
- Effects of microgravity on the peripheral subcutaneous veno-arteriolar reflex in humans. (XENON-1)
- Measurement of heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and blood flow to obtain heart rate variability, blood pressure variability and blood distribution. (SPACE RHYTHMS)
- One-day (24-hour) pattern of blood pressure and heart rate in weightlessness (CIRCA)
- Physiological parameters that predict orthostatic intolerance after spaceflight (AORTA)
- Physiological Parameters That Predict Orthostatic Intolerance After Spaceflight (HEART)
- Studies of airway inflammation during space flight (NOA-1)
- Studies of venous gas emboli during extravehicular activity procedures (NOA-2)
- Study of the evolution of cardiovascular deconditioning phenomena under weightless conditions (CARDIOSCIENCE)
Cell and Molecular Biology
↑- Bone cell mechanosensitivity in weightlessness (FLOW)
- Chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes of astronauts (CHROMOSOME)
- Chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes of astronauts (CHROMOSOMES)
- CHROMOSOME-2
- Cosmic radiation and microgravity related oxidative stress (RAMIROS)
- Effects of microgravity on expression of calcium channels in myocyte - MYOCYTE
- Expression of microbial genes in space (GENE)
- Fischer Rat Thyroid Low serum 5% (FRTL5)
- Microbiological Experiment on Space Station About Gene Expression (MESSAGE)
- Natural killer cell activity in microgravity - NKA
- Signalling through Rho GTPases in microgravity (RHO SIGNALLING)
- Yeast In No Gravity - Part 1 (YING-A)
- Yeast In No Gravity - Part 2 (YING-B)
Developmental Biology
↑- Effects of the gravity altered environment on Drosophilia motility, behaviour and ageing (AGEING)
- First International C.elegans Experiment: Physiological and genomic study of a nematode worm in space (ICE-first)
- The antibody V(D)J recombination machinery in normal and altered gravity - AMPHIBODY
Education
↑- A demonstration of Newton´s Three Laws of Motion (VIDEO-2)
- Amateur Radio on ISS (ARISS)
- A test of the basic principles of mechanics (THEBAS)
- Determination of the effect of gravity on the development of a colony of bacteria (WINOGRAD)
- DVD 4
- Electronic - Learning (E-Learning)
- Erasmus Recording Binocular 2 (ERB-2)
- Erasmus Recording Binocular (ERB)
- Neo-Cartilage Formation in Microgravity Environment (CHONDRO)
- Seeds in Space (SEEDS)
- Study of output of bacterial fuel cells in weightlessness (BugNRG)
- Study of the behaviour of a rigid body rotating around its centre of mass (APIS)
- VIDEO-3 (VI3): Filmed demonstrations of the effects of weightlessness on the human body.
Endocrinology and Metabolism
↑- Cell-Cell Interaction of Monocytes and T-Lymphocytes in microgravity - MIA
- IMMUNO
- Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)
- Neuroendocrine and immune responses in humans during and after long term stay at ISS (IMMUNO)
- Role of weightlessness on actin metabolism in mammalian cells (ACTIN)
- Sympathoadrenal activity in humans during spaceflight (SYMPATHO)
Exobiology
↑- Dosimetry for biological experiments in space (DOBIES)
- Molecular adaptation strategies of micro-organisms to different space and planetary UV climate conditions (ADAPT)
- Photo-and exobiology experiment (EXPOSE-R and EXPOSE-E)
- PRebiotic Organic ChEmistry on Space Station (PROCESS)
- Resistance of lichens and lithic fungi at space conditions (LIFE)
- Resistance of spacecraft isolates to outer space for planetary protection purposes (PROTECT)
- Testing the plant seed as a terrestrial model for panspermia vehicle and as a source for universal UV screens (SEEDS)
Fluid Balance and Kidney Function
↑- Renal stone risk during spaceflight: Assessment and countermeasure validation (RENAL STONE)
Human Factors
↑- Cardiac Adapted Sleep Parameters Electrocardiogram Recorder (CASPER)
- Cultural determinants of performance and error management at the International Space Station (CULT)
Human Physiology
↑- Ambiguous Tilt and Translation Motion Cues After Space Flight (Zag)
- Astronaut's Energy Requirements for Long-Term Space Flight (ENERGY)
- Bone Proteomics (BOP)
- Otolith Assessment During Postflight Re-adaptation (Otolith)
- Physiological analysis of skin in space (SKIN)
- SOdium LOading in Microgravity (SOLO)
- The effect of gravitational context on EEG dynamics: A study of spatial cognition, novelty processing and sensorimotor integration (NEUROSPAT)
- Validation of Centrifugation as a Countermeasure for Otolith Deconditioning During Spaceflight (Spin)
Immunology and Haematology
↑- Blood and Oxidative Stress
- Effects of microgravity on the haemopoietic system: A study on neocytolysis (NEOCYTOLYSIS)
- Monitoring Latent Virus Reactivation and Shedding in Crewmembers (VIRUS)
- PAthway DIfferent ACtivators (PADIAC)
- Role of interleukin-2 receptor in signal transduction and gravisensing threshold of T-lymphocytes (LEUKIN)
- Space flight induced reactivation of latent Epstein-Barr virus (EPSTEIN-BARR)
- The influence of weightlessness on the activation of NF-κB protein (KAPPA)
Medicine/Health
↑- Long Term Microgravity: A Model for Investigating Mechanisms of Heart Disease with New Portable Equipment (CARD)
- Ambiguous Tilt and Translation Motion Cues After Space Flight (Zag)
- SOdium LOading in Microgravity (SOLO)
Microbiology
↑- Bacteria Adaptation to Space Environment - Part 1 (BASE-A)
- Microbial Growth Kinetics Under Conditions of Microgravity (Biokin)
- Microbial life in Space: Response to environmental factors in a space vehicle (MICROSPACE)
- Molecular and physiological analysis of bacterial samples isolated from manned spacecraft (SAMPLE)
- SAMPLE
- Study of the composition, physiology and possible adaptation of microbial communities exposed to weightlessness (SAMPLE)
Muscle/skeletal system
↑- Crews Health: Investigation on Reduced Operability (CHIRO)
- Hand Posture Analyser (HPA)
- Low Back Pain
- Low back pain (MUSCLE)
- Neo-Cartilage Formation in Microgravity Environment (CHONDRO)
- Response to microgravity of adult stem cells and osteoprogenitors from bone marrow - STROMA 2
- Study of lower back pain in astronauts during spaceflight (MUSCLE)
Neurobiology
↑- Crickets In Space 2 (CRISP-2)
- The effect of gravitational context on EEG dynamics: A study of spatial cognition, novelty processing and sensorimotor integration (NEUROSPAT)
Neuroscience
↑- An investigation of space radiation effects on the functional state of the central nervous system and an operator´s working capacity (ALTEINO)
- Cognitive process for 3-D orientation perception and navigation in weightlessness (COGNI)
- Directed attention brain potentials in virtual 3D space in weightlessness (NEUROCOG)
- Eye Tracking Device (ETD)
- Mental Representation of Spatial Cues During Space Flight (3D-Space)
- Motion perception: Vestibular adaptation to G-transitions (MOP)
- On the contribution of visceral receptors to the sense of subjective vertical
- Sleep-wake actigraphy and light exposure during spaceflight (SLEEP)
- Stress, cognition and physiological response during spaceflight. (COGNISPACE)
Plant Biology and Physiology
↑- Agrospace Experiments Suite
- Arabidopsis Thaliana in Space: Perception of Gravity, Signal Transduction and Graviresponse in Higher Plants (AT-Space)
- Effects of the space environment on the nuclear structure and function of plant root meristematic cells grown in microgravity (ROOT)
- Influence of gravity on the cytoskeleton and the determination of the division plane in plants (TUBUL)
- Study into interaction of effect of light and gravity on the growth processes of plants (GraPhoBox)
- Threshold Acceleration for Gravisensing (GRAVI 1)
- Vine In Near Orbit (VINO)
- Waving and Coiling of Arabidopsis Roots at Different g-levels (WAICO)
- TROPITROPITROPI, or "Analysis of a Novel Sensory Mechanism in Root Phototropism", is an experiment on the International Space Station to investigate the growth and development of plant seedlings under various gravity and lighting combinations. It was launched on Space Shuttle Endeavour during the STS-130...
, or "Analysis of a Novel Sensory Mechanism in Root Phototropism"
Radiation Biology
↑- Advanced Dosimetric Telescope on EuTEF (DOSTEL)
- ALTEINO long term monitoring of cosmic rays on the International Space Station (ALTCRISS)
- Biodosimetry in astronauts
- MATROSHKA-1
- Measuring radiation hazards in space (MATROSHKA-2a)
- Study of the depth dose distribution inside a human phantom using the MATROSHKA facility on board the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (MATROSHKA-2B)
Respiratory Function
↑- Cardiorespiratory adaptation to the space environment (CARDIORESPIR)
- ESANO-1
- ESANO-2
Aggregation Phenomena
- Plasma crystal research on the ISS (PK-3 Plus)
Atmospheric physics
↑- Lightning and Sprites Observations (LSO)
Combustion
↑- Combustion synthesis under microgravity conditions (COSMIC)
Earth observation
↑- Earth Viewing Camera (EVC)
- Observation of environmental phenomena (IMEDIAS)
Education
↑- A demonstration of physical phenomena in space. (VIDEO)
- Amateur Radio on ISS (ARISS)
- Earth Viewing Camera (EVC)
- Electrostatic Self-Assembly Demonstration (ESD)
- Oil emulsion experiment
Electromagnetics
↑- SOLar Auto-Calibrating EUV/UV Spectrophotometers (SOLACES)
- SOLar SPECtral Irradiance Measurements (SOLSPEC)
- SOlar Variable and Irradiance Monitor (SOVIM)
Fluid physics
↑- Selectable Optical Diagnostics Instrument-Influence of VIbrations on DIffusion of Liquids (SODI-IVIDIL)
- Simulation of Geophysical Fluid Flow Under Microgravity (Geoflow)
Foams
↑- Foam Casting and Utilization in Space (FOCUS)Foam Casting and Utilization in Space (FOCUS)
- Foam-Stability (Foam-Stability)
Fundamental physics
↑- Influence of mass transport and surface growth processes on protein crystal perfection (PCDF/PROTEIN)
Metal alloys
↑- Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in Solidification Processing and Microstructure Formation in Casting of Technical Alloys under Diffusive and Magnetically Controlled Convective Conditions (CETSOL and MICAST)
Morphological Stability and Microstructures
↑- Study of aggregation mechanism and kinetics of ZSM-5 and Silicalite-1 nanoslabs into ZSM-5 / Silicalite-1 hybrid phases under microgravity conditions (NANOSLAB)
- Study of the structure and morphology of zeogrids obtained under microgravity conditions (ZEOGRID)
Plasma physics
↑- Atomic densities measured Radially in metal halide lamps under microGravity conditions with Emission and absorption Spectroscopy (ARGES)
- PKE-Nefedov extended research programme - Growth of particles under microgravity conditions
Properties of organic compounds
↑- Diffusion coefficients in crude oils (DCCO)
Protein Crystal Growth
↑- Defects in biomolecular crystals induced by growth in space and on Earth (PROMISS)
- Granada Crystallisation Facility (GCF)
- PROMISS-4
Radiation dosimetry
↑- Active monitoring of the UV and ionising radiation conditions (R3D)
- Advanced Dosimetric Telescope on EuTEF (DOSTEL)
- Dose Distribution inside ISS (DOSIS)
- Material Exposure and Degradation Experiment (MEDET)
- Particle Flux Demonstrator (Particle Flux)
- Study of the depth dose distribution inside a human phantom using the MATROSHKA facility on board the Russian Segment of the International Space Station (MATROSHKA-2B)
- Tribology properties of materials in space (TRIBOLAB)
- Under The Background Influence (UTBI)
Solution Growth
↑- Study of aggregation mechanism and kinetics of ZSM-5 and Silicate-1 nanoslabs into ZSM-5/Silicate-1 hybrid phases under near weightless conditions (NANOSLAB)
Space Technology
↑- Evaluation of a multi-purpose bag specially designed to assist an astronaut to manipulate objects in a weightless environment (MIRSUPIO)
- Functional in-orbit test of a new integrated crew garment system (VEST)
- Heat transfer performances of a grooved heat pipe (HEAT)
- Mouse Telemeter: Calibration of STAR accelerometers (MOT)
- Study of particle spectra and their influence on advanced components (SPICA-S)
- Tactile display aided orientation awareness (SUIT)
Technology
↑- 3D Camera (3DC)
- Analysis Experimentation Implementation Algorithms
- Electric Nose Monitoring (ENM)
- Electronics Space Test (EST)
- Erasmus Recording Binocular 2 (ERB-2)
- Erasmus Recording Binocular (ERB)
- Esperimento di Navigazione per Evento Italiano Dimostrativo di EGNOS (ENEIDE)
- EuTEMP
- Food Tray in Space (FTS)
- Garments for Orbital Activities in weightLessness (GOAL) and Vestibular Adaptation to G-Transitions: Motion Perception (GOAL/MOP)
- Heart Beat Monitoring (HBM)
- Low Altitude Zone Ionising Observatory (LAZIO)
- Specular Point-like Quick Reference (SPQR)
JAXA reported ISS Research and Science Activity
↑Experiments
↑- Chaos, Turbulence and its Transition Process in Marangoni Convection Marangoni Exp (Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF) )
- Spatio-temporal Flow Structure in Marangoni Convection (Marangoni UVP/MaranGoniat) (Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF) )
- Experimental Assessment of Dynamic Surface Deformation Effects in Transition to Oscillatory Thermo capillary Flow in Liquid Bridge of High Prandtl Number Fluid (Fluid Physics Experiment Facility (FPEF) )
- Pattern Formation during Ice Crystal Growth (Ice Crystal) (Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF) )
- Investigation on Mechanism of Faceted Cellular Array Growth (Facet) (Solution Crystallization Observation Facility (SCOF) )
- Growth of Homogeneous SiGe Crystals in Microgravity by the TLZ Method (Hicari) (Gradient Heating Furnace (GHF) )
- Gene expression of p53-regulated Genes in Mammalian Cultured Cells after Exposure to Space Environment (Rad Gene)
- Detection of Changes in LOH Profile of TK mutants of Human Cultured Cells (LOH)
- Control of cell differentiation and morphogenesis of amphibian culture cells (Dome Gene)
- Integrated Assessment of Long-term Cosmic Radiation Through Biological Responses of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori, in Space (Rad Silk)
- RNA interference and protein phosphorylation in space environment using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (CERISE)
- Cbl-Mediated Protein Ubiquitination Downregulates the Response of Skeletal Muscle Cells to Growth Factors in Space (Myo Lab)
- Hydrotropism and Auxin-Inducible Gene Expression in Roots Grown under Microgravity Conditions (Hydro Tropi)
- Biological effects of space radiation and microgravity on mammalian cells (Neuro Rad)
- Life Cycle of Higher Plants under Microgravity Conditions (Space Seed)
- Regulation by Gravity of Ferulate Formation in Cell Walls of Rice Seedlings (Ferulate)
Applied Research Fields
↑- High Quality Protein Crystallization Research (HQPC)
- Applied research core center promotion program New material development (Protein Crystallization Research Facility (PCRF))
- Applied research core center promotion program Dynamics of Interfaces (Cell Biology Experiment Facility (CBEF))
Human Space Technology Development Fields
↑- Passive Dosimeter for Life Science Experiments in Space (PADLES)
- High Definition TeleVision transmitting system (HDTV)
- Varidation of On-orbit Digital Holter ECG Monitoring
- Bisphosphonates as a Countermeasure to Space Flight Induced Bone Loss
Educational and Cultural Utilization Fields
↑- Space Poem Chain (ISS Experiment)
- Pilot missions for utilization for culture and humanty and social sciences
Commercial Utilization Fields
↑Fee-based utilization of Kibo is available to unrestricted research groups for commercial use. Costs involved in the operation will be paid by each user. The results obtained through the utilization will belong to the user.
Exposed Facility (EF) Experiments
↑- Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI)MAXI (ISS Experiment)The Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image is an X-ray slit camera aboard the International Space Station. The device is part of the Japanese Experiment Module.MAXI conducts a full sky survey every 96 minutes searching for variations in X-ray sources....
- Space Environment Data Acquisition Equipment - Attached Payload (SEDA-AP)
- Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb Emission Sounder (SMILES)
NASA reported ISS Research and Science Activity
↑Effect of Prolonged Space Flight on Human Skeletal Muscle (Biopsy)
- Bisphosphonates as a Countermeasure to Space Flight Induced Bone Loss (Bisphosphonates)
- Commercial Biomedical Testing Module: Effects of Osteoprotegerin on Bone Maintenance in Microgravity (CBTM)
- Commercial Biomedical Test Module - 2 (CBTM-2)
- Foot Reaction Forces During Space Flight (Foot)
- Effects of Altered Gravity on Spinal Cord Excitability (H-Reflex)
- Hand Posture Analyzer (HPA)
- Renal Stone Risk During Spaceflight: Assessment and Countermeasure Validation (Renal Stone)
- Spinal Elongation and its Effects on Seated Height in a Microgravity Environment (Spinal Elongation)
- Subregional Assessment of Bone Loss in the Axial Skeleton in Long-term Space Flight (Subregional Bone)
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
↑- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Control on Return from ISS (CCISS)
- Cardiac Atrophy and Diastolic Dysfunction During and After Long Duration Spaceflight: Functional Consequences for Orthostatic Intolerance, Exercise Capability and Risk for Cardiac Arrhythmias (Integrated Cardiovascular)
- Test of Midodrine as a Countermeasure Against Post-flight Orthostatic Hypotension - Long (Midodrine-Long)
- Test of Midodrine as a Countermeasure Against Post-flight Orthostatic Hypotension - Short Duration Biological Investigation (Midodrine-SDBI)
- The Effects of EVA and Long-Term Exposure to Microgravity on Pulmonary Function (PuFF)
- Evaluation of Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Submaximal Estimates of VO2max Before, During, and After Long Duration International Space Station Missions (VO2max)
- Effect of Microgravity on the Peripheral Subcutaneous Veno-Arteriolar Reflex in Humans (Xenon1)
Crew Healthcare Systems
↑- IntraVenous Fluid GENeration for Exploration Missions (IVGEN)
- Stability of Pharmacotherapeutic and Nutritional Compounds (Stability)
Human Behaviour and Performance
↑- Bodies In the Space Environment: Relative Contributions of Internal and External Cues to Self - Orientation, During and After Zero Gravity Exposure (BISE)
- Crewmember and Crew-Ground Interaction During International Space Station Missions (Interactions)
- Behavioral Issues Associated with Isolation and Confinement: Review and Analysis of ISS Crew Journals (Journals)
- Sleep-Wake Actigraphy and Light Exposure During Spaceflight-Long (Sleep-Long)
- Sleep-Wake Actigraphy and Light Exposure During Spaceflight-Short (Sleep-Short)
- Human Factors Assessment of Vibration Effects on Visual Performance During Launch (Visual Performance)
Immune System
↑- Differentiation of Bone Marrow Macrophages in Space (BONEMAC)
- Cell Culture Module - Immune Response of Human Monocytes in Microgravity (CCM-Immune Response)
- Cell Culture Module - Effect of Microgravity on Wound Repair: In Vitro Model of New Blood Vessel Development (CCM-Wound Repair)
- Space Flight Induced Reactivation of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus (Epstein-Barr)
- Validation of Procedures for Monitoring Crewmember Immune Function (Integrated Immune)
- Incidence of Latent Virus Shedding During Space Flight (Latent Virus)
Integrated Physiology
↑- Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity (ADUM)
- Nutritional Status Assessment (Nutrition)
- Dietary Intake Can Predict and Protect Against Changes in Bone Metabolism during Spaceflight and Recovery (Pro K)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Biological Specimen Repository (Repository)
Neurological and Vestibular Systems
↑- ELaboratore Immagini TElevisive - Space 2 (ELITE-S2)
- Promoting Sensorimotor Response Generalizability: A Countermeasure to Mitigate Locomotor Dysfunction After Long-Duration Space Flight (Mobility)
- Bioavailability and Performance Effects of Promethazine During Space Flight (PMZ)
Radiation
↑- Anomalous Long Term Effects in Astronauts' Central Nervous System (ALTEA)
- Anomalous Long Term Effects in Astronauts' Central Nervous System - Shield (ALTEA-Shield)
- Bonner Ball Neutron Detector (BBND)
- Chromosomal Aberrations in Blood Lymphocytes of Astronauts (Chromosome)
- Dosimetric Mapping (DOSMAP)
- A Study of Radiation Doses Experienced by Astronauts in EVA (EVARM)
- Organ Dose Measurement Using the Phantom Torso (Torso)
- Mental Representation of Spatial Cues During Space Flight (3D-Space)
Other Experiments from the Field
↑- Long Term Microgravity: A Model for Investigating Mechanisms of Heart Disease with New Portable Equipment (Card)
- Cytogenetic Effects of Ionizing Radiation in Peripheral Lymphocytes of ISS Crewmembers (Chromosome-2)
- Astronaut's Energy Requirements for Long-Term Space Flight (Energy)
- Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses in Humans During and After Long Term Stay at ISS (Immuno)
- Motion Perception: Vestibular Adaptation to G-Transitions (MOP)
- Study of Low Back Pain in Crewmembers During Space Flight (Mus)
- Otolith Assessment During Postflight Re-adaptation (Otolith)
- Perceptual Motor Deficits in Space (PMDIS)
- Psychomotor Vigilance Self Test on the International Space Station (Reaction Self Test)
- Study of Microbial Communities Exposed to Weightlessness (Sample)
- SOdium LOading in Microgravity (SOLO)
- Validation of Centrifugation as a Countermeasure for Otolith Deconditioning During Spaceflight (Spin)
- Test of Reaction and Adaptation Capabilities (TRAC)
- Ambiguous Tilt and Translation Motion Cues After Space Flight (Zag)
Animal Biology
- Fungal Pathogenesis, Tumorigenesis, and Effects of
Host Immunity in Space (FIT)
- Mice Drawer System (MDS)
Cellular Biology and Biotechnology
↑- Avian Development Facility - Development and Function of the Avian Otolith System in Normal Altered Gravity Environments (ADF-Otolith)
- Avian Development Facility - Skeletal Development in embryonic Quail (ADF-Skeletal)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: Human Renal Cortical Cell Differentiation and Hormone Production (CBOSS-01-02-Renal)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: Use of NASA Bioreactor to Study Cell Cycle Regulation: Mechanisms of Colon Carcinoma Metastasis in Microgravity (CBOSS-01-Colon)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: Evaluation of Ovarian Tumor Cell Growth and Gene Expression (CBOSS-01-Ovarian)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: PC12 Pheochromocytoma Cells - A Proven Model System for Optimizing 3-D Cell Culture Biotechnology in Space (CBOSS-01-PC12)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems:Production of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin by Mammalian Cells (CBOSS-02-Erythropoietin)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: The Effect of Microgravity on the Immune Function of Human Lymphoid Tissue (CBOSS-02-HLT)
- Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support Systems: Fluid Dynamics Investigation (CBOSS-FDI)
- Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus -
Antibiotic Production in Space (CGBA-APS)
- Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus - Kidney Cell Gene Expression (CGBA-KCGE)
- Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus -
Synaptogenesis in Microgravity (CGBA-SM)
- Microencapsulation Electrostatic Processing System
(MEPS)
- StelSys Liver Cell Function Research (StelSys)
- Gene, Immune and Cellular Responses to Single and Combined Space Flight Conditions - A (TripleLux-A)
- Gene, Immune and Cellular Responses to Single and Combined Space Flight Conditions - B (TripleLux-B)
Microbiology
↑- Microbial Drug Resistance Virulence (MDRV)
- Effect of Spaceflight on Microbial Gene Expression and Virulence (Microbe)
- National Laboratory Pathfinder - Cells (NLP-Cells)
- National Laboratory Pathfinder - Vaccine - 1A (NLP-Vaccine-1A)
- National Laboratory Pathfinder - Vaccine - 1B (NLP-Vaccine-1B)
- National Lab Pathfinder - Vaccine - 1C (NLP-Vaccine-1C)
- National Lab Pathfinder - Vaccine - 2 (NLP-Vaccine-2)
- National Lab Pathfinder - Vaccine - 3 (NLP-Vaccine-3)
- National Lab Pathfinder - Vaccine - 4 (NLP-Vaccine-4)
- National Lab Pathfinder - Vaccine - 5 (NLP-Vaccine-5)
- Passive Observatories for Experimental Microbial Systems (POEMS)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae Expression of Genes in Space (SPEGIS)
- Surface, Water and Air Biocharacterization - A Comprehensive Characterization of Microorganisms and Allergens in Spacecraft Environment (SWAB)
- Yeast-Group Activation Packs (Yeast-GAP)
Plant Biology
↑- Advanced AstrocultureTM (ADVASC)
- Biomass Production System (BPS)
- Cambium (Cambium)
- Cell Wall/Reverse Genetic Approach to Exploring Genes Responsible for Cell Wall Dynamics in Supporting Tissues of Arabidopsis Under Microgravity Conditions and Resist Wall/Role of Microtubule-Membrane-Cell Wall Continuum in Gravity Resistance in Plants (CWRW)
- Gravity Related Genes in Arabidopsis - A (Genara-A)
- Threshold Acceleration for Gravisensing (Gravi)
- Threshold Acceleration for Gravisensing - 2 (Gravi-2)
- Validating Vegetable Production Unit (VPU) Plants, Protocols, Procedures and Requirements (P3R) Using Currently Existing Flight Resources (Lada-VPU-P3R)
- Molecular and Plant Physiological Analyses of the Microgravity Effects on Multigeneration Studies of Arabidopsis thaliana (Multigen)
- National Laboratory Pathfinder - Cells - 3: Jatropha Biofuels (NLP-Cells-3)
- The Optimization of Root Zone Substrates (ORZS) for Reduced Gravity Experiments Program (ORZS)
- Photosynthesis Experiment and System Testing and Operation (PESTO)
- Plant Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus (PGBA)
- Transgenic Arabidopsis Gene Expression System (TAGES)
- Analysis of a Novel Sensory Mechanism in Root Phototropism (Tropi)
Protein Crystal Growth
↑- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Extraordinary Structural Features of Antibodies from Camelids (APCF-Camelids)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Solution Flows and Molecular Disorder of Protein Crystals: Growth of High Quality Crystals, Motions of Lumazin Crystals and Growth of Ferritin Crystals (APCF-Crystal Growth)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Effect of Different Growth Conditions on the Quality of Thaumatin and Aspartyl-tRNA Synthetase Crystals Grown in Microgravity (APCF-Crystal Quality)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Crystallization of Human Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Subfractions in Microgravity (APCF-Lipoprotein)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Testing New Trends in Microgravity Protein Crystallization (APCF-Lysozyme)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Crystallization of the Next Generation of Octarellins (APCF-Octarellins)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Protein Crystallization in Microgravity, Collagen Model (X-Y-Gly) Polypeptides - the case of (Pro-Pro-Gly) 10 (APCF-PPG10)
- Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility - Crystallization of Rhodopsin in Microgravity (APCF-Rhodopsin)
- Commercial Protein Crystal Growth - High Density (CPCG-H)
- Dynamically Controlled Protein Crystal Growth (DCPCG)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Enhanced Gaseous Nitrogen Dewar (PCG-EGN)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Improved Diffraction Quality of Crystals (PCG-STES-IDQC)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Crystallization of the Integral Membrane Protein Using Microgravity (PCG-STES-IMP)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Synchrotron Based Mosaicity Measurements of Crystal Quality and Theoretical Modeling (PCG-STES-MM)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Crystallization of the Mitochondrial Metabolite Transport Proteins (PCG-STES-MMTP)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System - Crystal Growth Model System for Material Science (PCG-STES-MS)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Engineering a Ribozyme for Diffraction Properties (PCG-STES-RDP)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Regulation of Gene Expression (PCG-STES-RGE)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Science and Applications of Facility Hardware for Protein Crystal Growth (PCG-STES-SA)
- Protein Crystal Growth-Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System-Vapor Equilibrium Kinetics Studies (PCG-STES-VEKS)
Other Experiments from the Field
↑- Dome Gene Experiment (DomeGene)
- Exposure Experiment (Expose)
- Fischer Rat Thyroid Low Serum 5% (FRTL5)
- High Quality Protein Crystallization (HQPC)
- Detection of Changes in LOH Profile of TK mutants of Human Cultured Cells (LOH) - Gene Expression of p53-Regulated Genes in Mammalian Cultured Cells After Exposure to Space Environment (LOH-RadGene)
- Effects of Microgravity on the Haemopoietic System: A Study on Neocytolysis (Neocytolysis)
- PAthway DIfferent ACtivators (PADIAC)
- ROle of Apoptosis in Lymphocyte Depression (ROALD)
- Study of Space Environment Effects on PY17 Bacterial Spores on board Space Shuttle (Spore)
- Waving and Coiling of Arabidopsis Roots at Different g-levels (WAICO)
Fluid Physics
↑- Capillary Flow Experiment (CFE)
- DEvice for the study of Critical LIquids and Crystallization - High Temperature Insert (DECLIC-HTI)
- Fluid Merging Viscosity Measurement (FMVM)
- Miscible Fluids in Microgravity (MFMG)
- Shear History Extensional Rheology Experiment (SHERE)
- Selectable Optical Diagnostics Instrument-Influence of VIbrations on DIffusion of Liquids (SODI-IVIDIL)
Materials Science
↑- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 3 and 4: Critical Point (BCAT-3-4-CP)
- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 3: Binary Alloys (BCAT-3-BA)
- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 3: Surface Crystallization (BCAT-3-SC)
- Binodal Colloidal Aggregation Test - 4: Polydispersion (BCAT-4-Poly)
- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 5: Three-Dimensional Melt (BCAT-5-3D-Melt)
- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test - 5: Compete (BCAT-5-Compete)
- Binary Colloidal Alloy Test-5: Phase Separation (BCAT-5-PhaseSep)
- Coarsening in Solid Liquid Mixtures-2 (CSLM-2)
- DEvice for the study of Critical LIquids and Crystallization - Directional Solidification Insert (DECLIC-DSI)
- EXPRESS Physics of Colloids in Space (EXPPCS)
- Viscous Liquid Foam - Bulk Metallic Glass (Foam)
- Investigating the Structure of Paramagnetic Aggregates from Colloidal Emulsions (InSPACE)
- Investigating the Structure of Paramagnetic Aggregates from Colloidal Emulsions - 2 (InSPACE-2)
- Materials International Space Station ExperimentMaterials International Space Station ExperimentThe Materials International Space Station Experiment , is a series of experiments mounted externally on the International Space Station that investigates the effects of long-term exposure of materials to the harsh space environment....
(MISSE 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7, and 8) - Materials Science Laboratory - Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in Solidification Processing and Microstructure Formation in Casting of Technical Alloys under Diffusive and Magnetically Controlled Convective Conditions (MSL-CETSOL and MICAST)
- Toward Understanding Pore Formation and Mobility During Controlled Directional Solidification in a Microgravity Environment (PFMI)
- Selectable Optical Diagnostics Instrument - Aggregation of Colloidal Solutions (SODI-Colloid) (ISS Experiment)
- Space-Dynamically Responding Ultrasonic Matrix System (SpaceDRUMS)
- Solidification Using a Baffle in Sealed Ampoules (SUBSA)
- Zeolite Crystal Growth (ZCG)
Other Experiments from the Field
↑- Fundamental and Applied Studies of Emulsion Stability (FASES)
- Simulation of Geophysical Fluid Flow Under Microgravity (Geoflow)
- Chaos, Turbulence and its Transition Process in Marangoni Convection (Marangoni)
Characterizing the Microgravity Environment on ISS
- Active Rack Isolation System - ISS Characterization Experiment (ARIS-ICE)
- Microgravity Acceleration Measurement System (MAMS)
- Space Acceleration Measurement System-II (SAMS-II)
Environmental Monitoring of ISS
↑- Analyzing Interferometer for Ambient Air (ANITA)
- JPL Electronic Nose (ENose)
- Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development-Portable Test System (LOCAD-PTS)
- Lab-on-a-Chip Application Development-Portable Test System - Exploration (LOCAD-PTS-Exploration)
- Vehicle Cabin Atmosphere Monitor (VCAM)
Picosatellites and Control Technologies
↑- Avatar Explore: Autonomous Robotic Operations Performed from the ISS (Avatar Explore)
- Dual RF Astrodynamic GPS Orbital Navigator Satellite (DRAGONSat)
- Middeck Active Control Experiment-II (MACE-II)
- Synchronized Position Hold, Engage, Reorient, Experimental Satellites (SPHERES)
- Space Test Program-H2-Microelectromechanical System-Based (MEMS) PICOSAT Inspector (STP-H2-MEPSI)
- Space Test Program-H2-Radar Fence Transponder (STP-H2-RAFT)
Spacecraft Materials
↑- Elastic Memory Composite Hinge (EMCH)
- In Space Soldering Investigation (ISSI)
- Pico-Satellite Solar Cell Experiment (PSSC)
- Rigidizable Inflatable Get-Away-Special Experiment (RIGEX)
Spacecraft Systems
↑- Boiling eXperiment Facility - Microheater Array Boiling Experiment (BXF-MABE)
- Boiling eXperiment Facility - Nucleate Pool Boiling eXperiment (BXF-NPBX)
- Dust and Aerosol Measurement Feasibility Test (DAFT)
- Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN)
- Maui Analysis of Upper Atmospheric Injections (MAUI)
- Multi-User Droplet Combustion Apparatus - Flame Extinguishment Experiment (MDCA-FLEX)
- Smoke and Aerosol Measurement Experiment (SAME)
- Space Communications and Navigation Testbed (SCAN Testbed)
- Shuttle Exhaust Ion Turbulence Experiments (SEITE)
- Shuttle Ionospheric Modification with Pulsed Localized Exhaust Experiments (SIMPLEX)
- Serial Network Flow Monitor (SNFM)
Spacecraft and Orbital Environments
↑- Atmospheric Neutral Density Experiment - 2 (ANDE-2)
- Ram Burn Observations (RAMBO)
- Space Test Program-H2-Atmospheric Neutral Density Experiment (STP-H2-ANDE)
Other Experiments from the Field
↑- DEBris In Orbit Evaluator - 2 (DEBIE-2)
- EuTEF Thermometer (EuTemp)
- Earth Viewing Camera (EVC)
- Activation and Test Downlink of HDTV System (JAXA-HDTV)
- Particle Flux Demonstrator (Particle Flux)
- Tribology Laboratory (TriboLab)
Earth Science
- Agricultural Camera (AgCam)
- Crew Earth Observations (CEO)
- Crew Earth Observations - International Polar Year (CEO-IPY)
Space Science
↑- Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer - 02 (AMS-02)Alpha Magnetic SpectrometerThe Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, also designated AMS-02, is a particle physics experiment module that is mounted on the International Space Station. It is designed to search for various types of unusual matter by measuring cosmic rays. Its experiments will help researchers study the formation of...
Other Monitors and Observatories from the Field
↑- DOSimetry TELescopes (DOSTEL)
- Flux (Phi) Probe EXperiment - Time resolved Measurement of Atomic Oxygen (FIPEX)
- HICO and RAIDS Experiment Payload - Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HREP-HICO)
- HICO and RAIDS Experiment Payload - Remote Atmospheric and Ionospheric Detection System (RAIDS) (HREP-RAIDS)
- RaDI-N (RaDI-N)
Crew-member-Initiated Science
- Science of Opportunity (Saturday Morning Science)
Educational Activities
↑- Amateur Radio on the International Space Station (ARISS)
- Education - How Solar Cells Work (Education-Solar Cells)
- International Space Station Inflight Education Downlinks (Inflight Education Downlinks)
Environmental Monitoring of ISS
↑- Anomalous Long Term Effects in Astronauts' - Dosimetry (ALTEA-Dosi)
- International Space Station Acoustic Measurement Program (ISS Acoustics)
Medical Monitoring of ISS Crew members
↑- Clinical Nutrition Assessment of ISS Astronauts, SMO-016E (Clinical Nutrition Assessment)
Spacecraft Systems
↑- International Space Station Zero-Propellant Maneuver (ZPM) Demonstration (ZPM)
Spacecraft and Orbital Environments
↑- Analysis of International Space Station Plasma Interaction (Plasma Interaction Model)
Station Development Test Objective
↑- Validation of On-Orbit Methodology for the Assessment of Cardiac Function and Changes in the Circulating Volume Using Ultrasound and Braslet-M Occlusion Cuffs, SDTO 17011 U/R (Braslet)
- Component Repair Experiment - 1, SDTO 17012U (CRE-1)
- Soldering in Reduced Gravity Experiment, SDTO 17003-U (SoRGE)
- Solid State Lighting Module, SDTO 15008U (SSLM)
Supplementary Medical Objective
↑- Periodic Fitness Evaluation with Oxygen Uptake Measurement (PFE-OUM)
Energia RSC reported ISS Research and Science Activity
↑Human Life Research
-
- Sprut-MBI (ISS Experiment)
- Parodont (ISS Experiment)
- Cardio-ODNT (ISS Experiment)
- Mass Transfer (ISS Experiment)
- Prognos (ISS Experiment)
- Brados (ISS Experiment)
- Farma (ISS Experiment)
- Poligen (ISS Experiment)
- Diurez (ISS Experiment)
- Biotest (ISS Experiment)
- Biotest-1 (ISS Experiment)
- Profilaktika (ISS Experiment)
- Pulse (ISS Experiment)
- BIMS (ISS Experiment)
- Biorisk (ISS Experiment)
- Rastenia-2 (ISS Experiment)
- Pilot (ISS Experiment)
- Intercellular Interaction (ISS Experiment)
- Gematologia (ISS Experiment)
- Plasmida (ISS Experiment)
- Statokonia (ISS Experiment)
- Regeneratsia (ISS Experiment)
- Akvarium (ISS Experiment)
- Sonokard (ISS Experiment)
- Vzaimodeystviye (ISS Experiment)
- Dykhanie (ISS Experiment)
- Pneumocard (ISS Experiment)
- Rastenia (ISS Experiment)
- Tipologia (ISS Experiment)
Geophysical Research
↑
- Uragan (ISS Experiment)
- Relaksatsia (ISS Experiment)
- Molnyia-SM (ISS Experiment)
- Vsplesk (ISS Experiment)
- Impuls (ISS Experiment)
- Plazma-Progress (ISS Experiment)
- Plazma-MKS (ISS Experiment)
- Ten’-Mayak (ISS Experiment)
Earth Resources Sensing
↑
- Diatomeya (ISS Experiment)
- Volny (ISS Experiment)
- Rusalka (ISS Experiment)
- Seiner (ISS Experiment)
- Ekon (ISS Experiment)
Space Biotechnology
↑
- CPCF-2 (ISS Experiment)
- Mimetik-K (ISS Experiment)
- Biodegradation (ISS Experiment)
- Conjugation (ISS Experiment)
- MSK (ISS Experiment)
- KAF (ISS Experiment)
- Vaktsina-K (ISS Experiment)
- Bioekologia (ISS Experiment)
- Interleukin-K (ISS Experiment)
- Bioemulsia (ISS Experiment)
- Glikoproteid (ISS Experiment)
- Biotrek (ISS Experiment)
- Antigen (ISS Experiment)
- Lactolen (ISS Experiment)
- ARIL (ISS Experiment)
- OChB (ISS Experiment)
- Astrovaktsina (ISS Experiment)
- Zhenshen-2 (ISS Experiment)
- Kaskad (ISS Experiment)
- BIF (ISS Experiment)
- Bakteriofag (ISS Experiment)
- Structura (ISS Experiment)
- Konstanta (ISS Experiment)
Technical Research
↑
- Tenzor (ISS Experiment)
- Iskazhenye (ISS Experiment)
- Privyazka (ISS Experiment)
- Identificatsia (ISS Experiment)
- Izgib (ISS Experiment)
- Infrazvuk-M (ISS Experiment)
- Meteoroid (ISS Experiment)
- Vektor-T (ISS Experiment)
- Scorpion (ISS Experiment)
- Kromka (ISS Experiment)
- Acoustika-M (ISS Experiment)
- Toksichnost (ISS Experiment)
- Radioskaf (ISS Experiment)
- Sreda-MKS (ISS Experiment)
- Infotekh (ISS Experiment)
- Kontur (ISS Experiment)
- Veterok (ISS Experiment)
- BAR (ISS Experiment)
- Expert (ISS Experiment)
Contract Activities
↑
- GTS (ISS Experiment)
- GTS-2 (ISS Experiment)
- Vzglyad (ISS Experiment)
- Biosfera (ISS Experiment)
- LEGO (ISS Experiment)
- Popular Mechanics (ISS Experiment)
- MPAC & SEED (ISS Experiment)
- HDTV (ISS Experiment)
- Starmail (ISS Experiment)
- GCF-JAXA (ISS Experiment)
- ROKVISS (ISS Experiment)
- Neurocog (ISS Experiment)
- Cardiocog (ISS Experiment)
- Neurocog-3 (ISS Experiment)
- 3DPC (ISS Experiment)
- 3DPC-2 (ISS Experiment)
- SCN (ISS Experiment)
- Cardiocog-4 (ISS Experiment)
- NOA (ISS Experiment)
- IMMUNO (ISS Experiment)
- Golf (ISS Experiment)
- Myocite (ISS Experiment)
- Stroma (ISS Experiment)
- Amphybody (ISS Experiment)
- Tubul (ISS Experiment)
- MIA (ISS Experiment)
- NKA (ISS Experiment)
- Bioculture (ISS Experiment)
- Altcriss (ISS Experiment)
- Cult (ISS Experiment)
- Sample-LDM (ISS Experiment)
- AT-SPACE (ISS Experiment)
- BIOKIN 4 (ISS Experiment)
- PKINASE (ISS Experiment)
- EXPOSE-R (ISS Experiment)
- Pille-Simonyi-2 (ISS Experiment)
- Sample (ISS Experiment)
Study of Cosmic Rays
↑
- Platan (ISS Experiment)
- BTN-Neutron (ISS Experiment)
- Matryoshka-R (ISS Experiment)
Educational and Humanitarian Projects
↑
- Kolibry Project (ISS Experiment)
- Konstructor Project (ISS Experiment)
- MATI-75 (ISS Experiment)
- MAI-75 (ISS Experiment)
- Fizika-Obrazovanie (ISS Experiment)
Space Technology and Material Science
↑
- SVS (ISS Experiment)
- Kristallizator (ISS Experiment)
- Plazma Crystal (ISS Experiment)
Other
In May 2011, Space Shuttle EndeavourSpace Shuttle Endeavour
Space Shuttle Endeavour is one of the retired orbiters of the Space Shuttle program of NASA, the space agency of the United States. Endeavour was the fifth and final spaceworthy NASA space shuttle to be built, constructed as a replacement for Challenger...
mission STS-134
STS-134
STS-134 was the penultimate mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. The mission marked the 25th and final flight of . This flight delivered the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer and an ExPRESS Logistics Carrier to the International Space Station. Mark Kelly served as the mission commander...
is due to carry 13 Lego
Lego
Lego is a line of construction toys manufactured by the Lego Group, a privately held company based in Billund, Denmark. The company's flagship product, Lego, consists of colorful interlocking plastic bricks and an accompanying array of gears, minifigures and various other parts...
kits to the ISS, where astronauts will build models and see how they react in microgravity, as part of the Lego Bricks in Space program. The results will be shared with schools as part of an educational project.
External links
↑- International Space Station Science Research Accomplishments During the Assembly Years: An Analysis of Results from 2000-2008 - NASA
- International Space Station (ISS) Research - from the ISS Program Scientist - NASA
- http://www.sti.nasa.gov/Pubs/star/star.htmlScientific and Technical Aerospace Reports (STAR) - NASA NASA STI ProgramNASA STI ProgramThe Scientific and Technical Information Program Office of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration collects, organizes, preserves, and releases the Agency's scientific and technical information . STI is derived from NASA's research and development efforts and NASA projects, programs,...
] - STS-131 Press Kit - NASA
- Experiment List - Alphabetical - NASA
- ISS Research Project - NASA
- International Space Station Science News
- International Space Station Science Research Accomplishments During the Assembly Years: An Analysis of Results from 2000-2008
- All Laboratories Are GO . . . for Research!
- research in space: Facilities on the International Space Station
- VIDEO FROM IAC-2010: A decade of ISS research