Screenshot
Encyclopedia
A screenshot screen capture (or screencap), screen dump, screengrab (or screen grab), or print screen is an image
taken by a computer
to record the visible items displayed on the monitor
, television, or another visual output device. Usually this is a digital image taken by the host operating system or software running on the computer, but it can also be a capture made by a camera
or a device intercepting the video output of the display (such as a DVR
).
Screenshots can be used to demonstrate a program, a particular problem a user might be having, or generally when display output needs to be shown to others or archived.
, a user can take a screenshot of an entire screen by pressing , or of a chosen area of the screen by . This screenshot is saved to the user's desktop, with one PNG file per attached monitor. If the user holds down while doing either then the screenshot will be copied to the clipboard instead.
Beginning with Mac OS X Tiger, it is possible to make a screenshot of an active application window. By following , with pressing the , the cross-hair cursor turns into a small camera icon. The current window under the cursor is highlighted, and a click on the mouse or trackpad will capture a screenshot of the entire highlighted element (including the parts offscreen or covered by other windows).
A provided application called Grab
will capture a chosen area, a whole window, the whole screen, or the whole screen after 10 seconds and pops the screenshot up in a window ready for copying to the clipboard
or saving as a TIFF. The Preview
application, also provided, has the same capture options as Grab but opens the captured image immediately in a new window.
A shell utility called "screencapture" (located in
is running.
, pressing captures a screenshot of the entire desktop and places it in the clipboard
, while captures only the active window
. In most versions of Windows, captured screenshots do not include the mouse pointer.
Once captured, the screenshot must be pasted from the clipboard into a separate program, such as Paint
or GIMP
, in order to be viewed or saved. Some programs, however—particularly multiplayer online games—will automatically save screenshots in a specified folder. As of Windows XP
(or any version based on Windows NT
), it is no longer possible to take screenshots of full-screen DOS windows without other software.
Video content in programs using a hardware overlay
video renderer is not captured by the method described above. Windows Media Player
on Windows XP in its default configuration on supported hardware is affected by this. However, some third-party applications can capture overlay images.
Windows Vista
and Windows 7 include a utility called Snipping Tool
, first introduced in Windows XP Tablet PC Edition. It is a screen-capture tool that allows taking screenshots ("snips") of a window, rectangular area, or free-form area. Snips can then be annotated, saved as an image file or as an HTML page, or emailed. However, it does not work with non-tablet XP versions but represents an XP compatible equivalent.
Windows 7 also provides a "problem steps recorder" (psr) which records a screenshot every time the mouse is clicked. When stopped it creates a zipped
MHTML document with all the screenshots inside.
For programmatic access, application developers can use GDI
, DirectX
, or the Windows Media Encoder
API
to capture screenshots.
or in "Saved Photos" on the iPod touch
. The screenshot feature is only available with iOS 2.0 and later.
webOS can be taken. For webOS phones, simultaneously press . For the HP Touchpad
, press . In either case, screenshots will be saved to the "Screen captures" folder in the "Photos" app.
Since X Window System
itself is not a desktop environment and only includes a very basic set of programs, methods of taking screenshots vary greatly depending on the platform. While xwd(1) is the closest "standard" way of taking screenshots on the X Window System, other bundled utilities are easier to use. Some programs for creating screenshots on X Window System are:
Additionally, using KDE or GNOME the Print Screen
key behavior is quite similar to Windows. GIMP
also provides an easy way to take screenshots.
. Generally, there is no way to extract a computed image back out of the graphics card, though software may exist for special cases or specific video cards.
One way these images can be captured is to turn off the hardware overlay. Because many computers have no hardware overlay, most programs are built to work without it, just a little slower. In Windows XP, this is disabled by opening the Display Properties menu, clicking on the "Settings" tab, clicking, "Advanced", "Troubleshoot", and moving the Hardware Acceleration Slider to "None."
Free software
media players may also use the overlay but often have a setting to avoid it or have dedicated screenshot functions.
The Mac OS X DVD player deactivates the built-in screenshot feature, but it is still possible to capture the image or the video with third party software or by using the "screencapture" command in the terminal.
A common problem with video recordings is the action jumps, instead of flowing smoothly, due to low frame rate
. Though getting faster all the time, ordinary PCs are not yet fast enough to play videos and simultaneously capture them at professional frame rates, i.e. 30 frame/s. For many cases, high frame rates are not required. This is not generally an issue if simply capturing desktop video, which requires far less processing power than video playback, and it is very possible to capture at 30 frame/s. This of course varies depending on desktop resolution, processing requirements needed for the application that is being captured, and many other factors.
on their program, as it is a derivative work
of the widgets and other art created for the software. Regardless of copyright, screenshots may still be legally used under the principle of fair use
in the U.S. or fair dealing
and similar laws in other countries.
Preventing copying is one of the issues that Trusted Computing
seeks to address. Under Trusted Computing, the user would be prevented from taking screenshots when certain programs are running.
Image
An image is an artifact, for example a two-dimensional picture, that has a similar appearance to some subject—usually a physical object or a person.-Characteristics:...
taken by a computer
Computer
A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem...
to record the visible items displayed on the monitor
Computer display
A monitor or display is an electronic visual display for computers. The monitor comprises the display device, circuitry, and an enclosure...
, television, or another visual output device. Usually this is a digital image taken by the host operating system or software running on the computer, but it can also be a capture made by a camera
Camera
A camera is a device that records and stores images. These images may be still photographs or moving images such as videos or movies. The term camera comes from the camera obscura , an early mechanism for projecting images...
or a device intercepting the video output of the display (such as a DVR
Digital video recorder
A digital video recorder , sometimes referred to by the merchandising term personal video recorder , is a consumer electronics device or application software that records video in a digital format to a disk drive, USB flash drive, SD memory card or other local or networked mass storage device...
).
Screenshots can be used to demonstrate a program, a particular problem a user might be having, or generally when display output needs to be shown to others or archived.
Mac OS X
On Mac OS XMac OS X
Mac OS X is a series of Unix-based operating systems and graphical user interfaces developed, marketed, and sold by Apple Inc. Since 2002, has been included with all new Macintosh computer systems...
, a user can take a screenshot of an entire screen by pressing , or of a chosen area of the screen by . This screenshot is saved to the user's desktop, with one PNG file per attached monitor. If the user holds down while doing either then the screenshot will be copied to the clipboard instead.
Beginning with Mac OS X Tiger, it is possible to make a screenshot of an active application window. By following , with pressing the , the cross-hair cursor turns into a small camera icon. The current window under the cursor is highlighted, and a click on the mouse or trackpad will capture a screenshot of the entire highlighted element (including the parts offscreen or covered by other windows).
A provided application called Grab
Grab (software)
Grab is an application created by Apple Computer for Mac OS X, used to take screenshots. Grab is also present in OS X's progenitors NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP. It supports capturing a marquee selection, whole window, whole screen, and timed screen. Grab can be found in the Utilities folder under...
will capture a chosen area, a whole window, the whole screen, or the whole screen after 10 seconds and pops the screenshot up in a window ready for copying to the clipboard
Clipboard
A clipboard is a thin, rigid board with a clip at the top for holding paper in place. A clipboard is typically used to support paper with one hand while writing on it with the other, especially when other writing surfaces are not available.-Other uses:...
or saving as a TIFF. The Preview
Preview (software)
Preview is Mac OS X's application for displaying images and Portable Document Format documents. Like Mac OS X itself, it comes from NeXT's OPENSTEP operating system....
application, also provided, has the same capture options as Grab but opens the captured image immediately in a new window.
A shell utility called "screencapture" (located in
/usr/sbin/screencapture) can be used from the Terminal application or in shell scripts to capture screenshots and save them to files. Various options are available to choose the file format of the screenshot, how the screenshot is captured, if sounds are played, etc. This utility might only be available when the Mac OS X developer tools are installed. A user cannot capture the screen while DVD PlayerDVD Player (software)
DVD Player is the default DVD player in Mac OS X. It supports all the standard DVD features such as multiple audio, video & subtitle tracks as well as Dolby audio, DVD@ccess URLs and closed captions. In some instances, users can choose which VOB file to open. It is found in /Applications/DVD...
is running.
Microsoft Windows
On Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft Windows
Microsoft Windows is a series of operating systems produced by Microsoft.Microsoft introduced an operating environment named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces . Microsoft Windows came to dominate the world's personal...
, pressing captures a screenshot of the entire desktop and places it in the clipboard
Clipboard (software)
The clipboard is a software facility that can be used for short-term data storage and/or data transfer between documents or applications, via copy and paste operations...
, while captures only the active window
Active window
An active window is the currently focused window in the current window manager or explorer. Different window managers indicate the currently-active window in different ways and allow the user to switch between windows in different ways. For example, in Microsoft Windows, if both Notepad and...
. In most versions of Windows, captured screenshots do not include the mouse pointer.
Once captured, the screenshot must be pasted from the clipboard into a separate program, such as Paint
Microsoft Paint
Paint is a simple graphics painting program that has been included with all versions of Microsoft Windows. It is often referred to as MS Paint or Microsoft Paint...
or GIMP
GIMP
GIMP is a free software raster graphics editor. It is primarily employed as an image retouching and editing tool and is freely available in versions tailored for most popular operating systems including Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X, and Linux.In addition to detailed image retouching and...
, in order to be viewed or saved. Some programs, however—particularly multiplayer online games—will automatically save screenshots in a specified folder. As of Windows XP
Windows XP
Windows XP is an operating system produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops and media centers. First released to computer manufacturers on August 24, 2001, it is the second most popular version of Windows, based on installed user base...
(or any version based on Windows NT
Windows NT
Windows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released in July 1993. It was a powerful high-level-language-based, processor-independent, multiprocessing, multiuser operating system with features comparable to Unix. It was intended to complement...
), it is no longer possible to take screenshots of full-screen DOS windows without other software.
Video content in programs using a hardware overlay
Hardware overlay
In computing, hardware overlay, a type of video overlay, provides a method of rendering an image to a display screen with a dedicated memory buffer inside computer video hardware. The technique aims to improve the display of a fast-moving video image — such as a computer game, a DVD, or the signal...
video renderer is not captured by the method described above. Windows Media Player
Windows Media Player
Windows Media Player is a media player and media library application developed by Microsoft that is used for playing audio, video and viewing images on personal computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system, as well as on Pocket PC and Windows Mobile-based devices...
on Windows XP in its default configuration on supported hardware is affected by this. However, some third-party applications can capture overlay images.
Windows Vista
Windows Vista
Windows Vista is an operating system released in several variations developed by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs, and media center PCs...
and Windows 7 include a utility called Snipping Tool
Snipping Tool
Snipping Tool is an application included in Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Experience Pack for Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005. It was originally released as a powertoy for the Tablet PC launch on November 7, 2002. The program is a screen-capture tool that allows taking screenshots of an open...
, first introduced in Windows XP Tablet PC Edition. It is a screen-capture tool that allows taking screenshots ("snips") of a window, rectangular area, or free-form area. Snips can then be annotated, saved as an image file or as an HTML page, or emailed. However, it does not work with non-tablet XP versions but represents an XP compatible equivalent.
Windows 7 also provides a "problem steps recorder" (psr) which records a screenshot every time the mouse is clicked. When stopped it creates a zipped
ZIP (file format)
Zip is a file format used for data compression and archiving. A zip file contains one or more files that have been compressed, to reduce file size, or stored as is...
MHTML document with all the screenshots inside.
For programmatic access, application developers can use GDI
Graphics Device Interface
The Graphics Device Interface is a Microsoft Windows application programming interface and core operating system component responsible for representing graphical objects and transmitting them to output devices such as monitors and printers....
, DirectX
DirectX
Microsoft DirectX is a collection of application programming interfaces for handling tasks related to multimedia, especially game programming and video, on Microsoft platforms. Originally, the names of these APIs all began with Direct, such as Direct3D, DirectDraw, DirectMusic, DirectPlay,...
, or the Windows Media Encoder
Windows Media Encoder
Windows Media Encoder is a freely downloadable trial version media encoder developed by Microsoft which enables content developers to convert or capture both live and prerecorded audio, video, and computer screen images to Windows Media formats for live and on-demand delivery. It is the successor...
API
Application programming interface
An application programming interface is a source code based specification intended to be used as an interface by software components to communicate with each other...
to capture screenshots.
iOS
A screenshot can be taken on iOS by pressing and holding the Home button and the Sleep/Wake button; the screen will flash and the picture will be stored in PNG format in the "Camera Roll" on the iPhoneIPhone
The iPhone is a line of Internet and multimedia-enabled smartphones marketed by Apple Inc. The first iPhone was unveiled by Steve Jobs, then CEO of Apple, on January 9, 2007, and released on June 29, 2007...
or in "Saved Photos" on the iPod touch
IPod touch
The iPod Touch is a portable media player, personal digital assistant, handheld game console, and Wi-Fi mobile device designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The iPod Touch adds the multi-touch graphical user interface to the iPod line...
. The screenshot feature is only available with iOS 2.0 and later.
Android
On Android a screenshot also can be taken by pressing and holding the Home button and the Sleep/Wake button like iOS.HP WebOS
Screenshots of the HPHewlett-Packard
Hewlett-Packard Company or HP is an American multinational information technology corporation headquartered in Palo Alto, California, USA that provides products, technologies, softwares, solutions and services to consumers, small- and medium-sized businesses and large enterprises, including...
webOS can be taken. For webOS phones, simultaneously press . For the HP Touchpad
HP TouchPad
The HP TouchPad is a tablet computer which was developed and designed by Hewlett-Packard. The HP TouchPad was launched on July 1, 2011, in the United States; July 15 in Canada, United Kingdom, France, Germany; and August 15 in Australia....
, press . In either case, screenshots will be saved to the "Screen captures" folder in the "Photos" app.
X Window System
X Window System
The X window system is a computer software system and network protocol that provides a basis for graphical user interfaces and rich input device capability for networked computers...
itself is not a desktop environment and only includes a very basic set of programs, methods of taking screenshots vary greatly depending on the platform. While xwd(1) is the closest "standard" way of taking screenshots on the X Window System, other bundled utilities are easier to use. Some programs for creating screenshots on X Window System are:
- xwdXwdIn the X Window System, xwd is a program for capturing the content of the screen or of a window and saving it into a file.xwd can be run in two ways: if user specifies the whole screen or the name or identifier of a window as an argument, the program captures the content of the window; otherwise,...
: The standard utility of the X Window System to dump an image of an X Window is xwd(1); produces an XWD image - ImageMagickImageMagickImageMagick is an open source software suite for displaying, converting, and editing raster image files. It can read and write over 100 image file formats. ImageMagick is licensed under the Apache 2.0 license.- Features and capabilities:...
: Has an import command-line tool that captures screenshots in a variety of formats - KSnapshotKSnapshotKSnapshot is a screenshot application for the KDE desktop environment developed by Richard J. Moore, Matthias Ettrich and Aaron J. Seigo. The screenshots taken by KSnapshot are also called snapshots, which explains its name...
: The default screen grabbing utility in the K Desktop EnvironmentKDEKDE is an international free software community producing an integrated set of cross-platform applications designed to run on Linux, FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows, Solaris and Mac OS X systems... - gnome-screenshotGnome-screenshotgnome-screenshot is a utility used in the GNOME Desktop Environment for taking screenshots. It is a part of the GNOME Utilities package.It provides several options, including capturing the whole desktop or just a single window, a time delay function, and some image effects.Similar applications...
: The default screen grabbing utility in GNOMEGNOMEGNOME is a desktop environment and graphical user interface that runs on top of a computer operating system. It is composed entirely of free and open source software...
Additionally, using KDE or GNOME the Print Screen
Print screen
Print screen is a key present on most PC keyboards. It is typically situated in the same section as the break key and scroll lock key...
key behavior is quite similar to Windows. GIMP
GIMP
GIMP is a free software raster graphics editor. It is primarily employed as an image retouching and editing tool and is freely available in versions tailored for most popular operating systems including Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS X, and Linux.In addition to detailed image retouching and...
also provides an easy way to take screenshots.
Maemo 5
On Maemo 5 a screenshot can be taken by pressing simultaneously. Screenshots will be saved as "Screenshot-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS.png" in "Images/Screenshots" on the internal storage.Third-party tools
- ScreenpressoScreenpressoScreenpresso is a screenshot and screencast program for Windows. It is created and distributed by Learnpulse and was first launched in 2009. Screenpresso is available in 17 languages .Screenpresso...
- Capture AssistantCapture AssistantCapture Assistant is a screenshot and screen scraping application that operates under the Windows operating system. It is distributed by Renovation Software, who also distribute TextGRAB SDK, and was first launched in 2008....
- GrabGrab (software)Grab is an application created by Apple Computer for Mac OS X, used to take screenshots. Grab is also present in OS X's progenitors NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP. It supports capturing a marquee selection, whole window, whole screen, and timed screen. Grab can be found in the Utilities folder under...
- GreenshotGreenshotGreenshot is a free and open source screenshot program for Microsoft Windows. It is developed by Thomas Braun, Jens Klingen and Robin Krom and published under GNU General Public License. The development project is hosted by SourceForge....
- IrfanViewIrfanViewIrfanView is a freeware/shareware image viewer for Microsoft Windows that can view, edit, and convert image files and play video/audio files. It is noted for its small size, speed, ease of use, and ability to handle a wide variety of graphic file formats, and has some image creation and painting...
- JingJing (software)Jing is a screencasting computer program launched in 2007 as Jing Project by the TechSmith Corporation. The software takes a picture or video of the user's computer screen and uploads it to the Web, FTP, computer or clipboard. If uploaded to the web, the program automatically creates a URL to the...
- LightscreenLightscreenLightscreen is a lightweight screen shooting application for Microsoft Windows used to automate the process of saving and cataloging screenshots. It operates as a hidden background process that is invoked with one hotkeys and then saves a screenshot file to disk according to the user's...
- LightshotLightshotLightshot is a screen capture tool for Windows that works very much like the Snipping tool in Windows Vista and Windows 7, with the added advantage of automatically uploading it online for sharing or editing....
- Microsoft OneNote
- PrintKey 2000PrintKey 2000PrintKey 2000 was a popular screenshot program that operated under the Windows operating system. The software, which was freeware, allowed you to modify screenshots after they were taken. The program, which was activated by the Print screen button, displayed an image of the sreenshot for...
- SnagItSnagItSnagit is a screenshot program for Windows. It is created and distributed by TechSmith, which also makes Camtasia Studio, and was first launched in 1990. Snagit is available in English, French, German, Korean, and Japanese versions....
- Snapz Pro XSnapz Pro XSnapz Pro X is a utility program for Mac OS X developed by Ambrosia Software. It is designed to record movie-like screenshots of a computer monitor doing various actions, such as a user moving their mouse across the screen, clicking on desktop icons, typing text, et cetera...
- Snipping ToolSnipping ToolSnipping Tool is an application included in Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Experience Pack for Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005. It was originally released as a powertoy for the Tablet PC launch on November 7, 2002. The program is a screen-capture tool that allows taking screenshots of an open...
- Softario CaptusSoftario CaptusCaptus is a screenshot software for Microsoft Windows distributed by Softario since 2006. It serves as an alternative to the native Print Screen function, with extended features like borders, shadows or scrolling page screen captures....
- VVCapVVCapVVCap is a screenshot program that operates under the Windows operating system. It is created and distributed by G Central. VVCap is available in English, Spanish and Russian versions, and is supported in those languages....
- Window ClippingsWindow ClippingsWindow Clippings is a Microsoft Windows software application that enables users to capture screenshots from open windows and menus so that the transparency of target window is also captured. This includes shadows and translucent glass areas produced by Windows Aero in Windows Vista and 7.Window...
- XfireXfireXfire is a proprietary freeware instant messaging service for gamers, that also serves as a game server browser and has various other features. It is currently available for Microsoft Windows. Xfire was originally developed by Ultimate Arena based in Menlo Park, California...
Hardware overlays
On Windows systems, screenshots of games and media players sometimes fail, resulting in a blank rectangle. The reason for this is that the graphics are bypassing the normal screen and going to a high-speed graphics processor on the graphics card by using a method called hardware overlayHardware overlay
In computing, hardware overlay, a type of video overlay, provides a method of rendering an image to a display screen with a dedicated memory buffer inside computer video hardware. The technique aims to improve the display of a fast-moving video image — such as a computer game, a DVD, or the signal...
. Generally, there is no way to extract a computed image back out of the graphics card, though software may exist for special cases or specific video cards.
One way these images can be captured is to turn off the hardware overlay. Because many computers have no hardware overlay, most programs are built to work without it, just a little slower. In Windows XP, this is disabled by opening the Display Properties menu, clicking on the "Settings" tab, clicking, "Advanced", "Troubleshoot", and moving the Hardware Acceleration Slider to "None."
Free software
Free software
Free software, software libre or libre software is software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with restrictions that only ensure that further recipients can also do...
media players may also use the overlay but often have a setting to avoid it or have dedicated screenshot functions.
The Mac OS X DVD player deactivates the built-in screenshot feature, but it is still possible to capture the image or the video with third party software or by using the "screencapture" command in the terminal.
Screen recording
The screen recording capability of some screen capture programs is a time-saving way to create instructions and presentations, but the resulting files are often large.A common problem with video recordings is the action jumps, instead of flowing smoothly, due to low frame rate
Frame rate
Frame rate is the frequency at which an imaging device produces unique consecutive images called frames. The term applies equally well to computer graphics, video cameras, film cameras, and motion capture systems...
. Though getting faster all the time, ordinary PCs are not yet fast enough to play videos and simultaneously capture them at professional frame rates, i.e. 30 frame/s. For many cases, high frame rates are not required. This is not generally an issue if simply capturing desktop video, which requires far less processing power than video playback, and it is very possible to capture at 30 frame/s. This of course varies depending on desktop resolution, processing requirements needed for the application that is being captured, and many other factors.
Copyright issues
Some companies believe the use of screenshots is an infringement of copyrightCopyright infringement
Copyright infringement is the unauthorized or prohibited use of works under copyright, infringing the copyright holder's exclusive rights, such as the right to reproduce or perform the copyrighted work, or to make derivative works.- "Piracy" :...
on their program, as it is a derivative work
Derivative work
In United States copyright law, a derivative work is an expressive creation that includes major, copyright-protected elements of an original, previously created first work .-Definition:...
of the widgets and other art created for the software. Regardless of copyright, screenshots may still be legally used under the principle of fair use
Fair use
Fair use is a limitation and exception to the exclusive right granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work. In United States copyright law, fair use is a doctrine that permits limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the rights holders...
in the U.S. or fair dealing
Fair dealing
Fair dealing is a limitation and exception to the exclusive right granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work, which is found in many of the common law jurisdictions of the Commonwealth of Nations....
and similar laws in other countries.
Preventing copying is one of the issues that Trusted Computing
Trusted Computing
Trusted Computing is a technology developed and promoted by the Trusted Computing Group. The term is taken from the field of trusted systems and has a specialized meaning. With Trusted Computing, the computer will consistently behave in expected ways, and those behaviors will be enforced by...
seeks to address. Under Trusted Computing, the user would be prevented from taking screenshots when certain programs are running.
See also
- Comparison of screencasting softwareComparison of screencasting softwareA comparison of notable screencasting software programs, that are used to record activities on the computer screen, mouse movement, and often includes live audio for later playback. Screencasting is an asynchronous communication technology...
- List of screencasting software
- ScreencastScreencastA screencast is a digital recording of computer screen output, also known as a video screen capture, often containing audio narration. The term screencast compares with the related term screenshot; whereas screenshot is a picture of a computer screen, a screencast is essentially a movie of the...
- Screenshot mapScreenshot mapA screenshot map is a single image of a location within a video game compiled from various screenshots. The screenshots are usually taken using an emulator in order to achieve "pixel-perfect" quality. Adjacent screens are pasted together in an image editing program, and the onscreen sprites are...
- ThumbshotThumbshotThumbshots are screenshots of online documents such as web page in small thumbnail sizes. Thumbshots help users to visualize web sites or preview links before clicking. The dimension of a thumbshot image is generally much smaller than the actual online document allowing users to download and view...
- Video captureVideo captureVideo capture is the process of converting an analog video signal—such as that produced by a video camera or DVD player—to digital video. The resulting digital data are computer files referred to as a digital video stream, or more often, simply video stream...