Tangerang
Encyclopedia
Tangerang is a city
in the Province of Banten
, Indonesia
. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta
. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek
region after Jakarta
and Bekasi
. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimate
d population of 1,537,244 for 2005. The Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
is located within the city.
and is home to over 1,000 factories. Many international corporations have plants in the city. Tangerang tends to be hot and humid, with little in the way of trees or geographical features. Certain areas consist of swamps, including the areas near the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
.
In recent years the urban expansion of Jakarta has covered Tangerang, and as a result many of its residents commute to Jakarta for work, or vice-versa. Many high-class and middle-class satellite cities have been developed in Tangerang, complete with their own shopping mall
s, private school
s and convenience centers. The government is working on expanding the highway
system to accommodate more traffic flow to and from the area.
. They were descended from laborers who were brought there by the Dutch
colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries, and most of them are still laborers and farmers. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed, yet identify themselves as Chinese. A large Chinese cemetery
is also located in Tangerang, most of which are now developed into modern suburban communities such as Lippo Karawaci
, Summarecon Gading Serpong, Bumi Serpong Damai, Bintaro Jaya, Modernland, and Alam Sutra.
Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutra are new locations of residential places (New Town
s). A vast majority of the residents are newcomers, not genuine Benteng Chinese.
serves commutter from Bumi Serpong Damai and Bintaro Jaya. KRL Jabotabek
serves from Tangerang and Serpong to Jakarta Kota
. Many shopping malls developed in Tangerang, such as Mal Summarecon Serpong, WTC Matahari, BSD Plaza, ITC BSD, Bintaro Plaza, and the biggest one, Supermal Karawaci. For the Indonesian A1 Grand Prix
in November 2008, the government had developed Lippo Karawaci circuit.
, the Indonesian national airline, is headquartered at the airport, located in Tangerang. Angkasa Pura
II's head office is on the airport property.
After the declaration of Independence, there was chaos and racial riots in Tangerang. Anti-Chinese groups attacked a half blood Chinese community in Tangerang called "China Benteng" means "Chinese of the fortress" because they supported the Dutch government who tried to re-occupy Indonesia and also because there's a pro-Dutch Chinese organization ruling in Tangerang named Chung Hua Hui and their military wing named Bao An Dui.. The Bao An Dui troops and regional Bentengese Landlords troops work together to counter the Republicans loyal to Republic of Indonesia regime and also the Darul Islam. The goal of Bao An Dui and her allies are creating a Dutch-supported state in Tangerang named "Capitanate of Tangerang" led by a Chinese capitant.
China Benteng has a unique story, it is a half blood chinese community in Tangerang, mixed of Chinese, Dutch, Japanese, and Indonesian natives. Many of "China Benteng" are actually descendant of Qing Dynasty Imperial Family (Aisin-Giorio in Manchu or Aixinjueluo in Mandarin). They are the Bentengse with surname "Ong". They are descendants of an illegitimate son of an affair between Emperor Qianlong and a beautiful Fujianese girl with surname "Ong" from Fujian province. Because the Emperor don't want this affair known by public, so to hide the fact, the son of this affair is forced to use her mother's surname, that is "Wang" in mandarin or "Ong" in Hokkien.
Majority of Bentengse from Ong surname now use Indonesian names in their daily life, like : Wangsa Mulya, Wangsamulia, or Wangsa Kusuma. Most of them don't understand about it, but this record is exist both in China and Taiwan.
On August 1996, Walmart, the largest retail in USA opened its first branch in Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang. The branch was ransacked and burned down during the Indonesian riots of May 1998. Walmart discontinued their investment in Indonesia after the riot.
reservoir built by Dutch colonial authorities in 1933. It was surrounded by a dam up to 16 metres (52 ft) high, which failed on 27 March 2009 with the resulting floods killing at least 93 people. The flood could have been prevented had local authorities not neglected the recommendation of American engineers which recommended the reinforcement of the dam and possible evacuation of the lower villages located at the very bottom of the dam.
which, like Tangerang City itself, is administratively separate from Tangerang Regency
. It has seven subdistricts are Serpong, North Serpong, Ciputat, East Ciputat, Pondok Aren, Pamulang, and Setu. Located on the southwest of Jakarta, it has an area of 147.19 square kilometres and a population of 966.037.
In addition to government schools founded by there are many private schools and colleges. Among these are Sekolah Santa Ursula BSD, Santa Laurensia School, and Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen Penabur Gading Serpong
.
Air Conditioned public bus shuttle is available from the Airport to several destinations inside Jakarta. This is operated by Damri a state own Company.
There are also private shuttle bus services from Jakarta to private residential area such as Lippo Karawaci and Citra Raya.
There are 17 intersections prone to traffic congestion with the obsolete Multi Program Eight Phase System. By 2012, Tangerang will have a new technology, called the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) uses a closed-circuit camera that would respond to traffic conditions at any given intersection and could reduce the rate of congestion by 30 percent.
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
in the Province of Banten
Banten
Banten is a province of Indonesia in Java. Formerly part of the Province of West Java, it was made a separate province in 2000.The administrative center is Serang. Preliminary results from the 2010 census counted some 10.6 million people.-Geography:...
, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. It is located about 25 km west of Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
. It is the third largest urban center in the Jabotabek
Jabotabek
Jabotabek is an officially recognized definition and term given to the urban region surrounding Jakarta, Indonesia in 2000, officially including five municipalities and three regencies...
region after Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
and Bekasi
Bekasi
Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta in the Jabodetabek metropolitan region. To the south is Bogor Regency, east is Bekasi Regency....
. It has an area of 164.54 km² and an official intercensal estimate
Intercensal estimate
Intercensal estimate in the field of demographics is an estimate of population between official census dates. Some nations produce regular intercensal estimates while others do not...
d population of 1,537,244 for 2005. The Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Soekarno–Hatta International Airport , popularly abbreviated SHIA or Soetta is the main airport serving the greater Jakarta area on the island of Java, Indonesia. The airport is named after the first President of Indonesia, Soekarno, and the first vice-president, Mohammad Hatta. The airport is...
is located within the city.
Overview
Tangerang is an industrial and manufacturing hub on JavaJava
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
and is home to over 1,000 factories. Many international corporations have plants in the city. Tangerang tends to be hot and humid, with little in the way of trees or geographical features. Certain areas consist of swamps, including the areas near the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
Soekarno–Hatta International Airport , popularly abbreviated SHIA or Soetta is the main airport serving the greater Jakarta area on the island of Java, Indonesia. The airport is named after the first President of Indonesia, Soekarno, and the first vice-president, Mohammad Hatta. The airport is...
.
In recent years the urban expansion of Jakarta has covered Tangerang, and as a result many of its residents commute to Jakarta for work, or vice-versa. Many high-class and middle-class satellite cities have been developed in Tangerang, complete with their own shopping mall
Shopping mall
A shopping mall, shopping centre, shopping arcade, shopping precinct or simply mall is one or more buildings forming a complex of shops representing merchandisers, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit, along with a parking area — a modern, indoor version...
s, private school
School
A school is an institution designed for the teaching of students under the direction of teachers. Most countries have systems of formal education, which is commonly compulsory. In these systems, students progress through a series of schools...
s and convenience centers. The government is working on expanding the highway
Highway
A highway is any public road. In American English, the term is common and almost always designates major roads. In British English, the term designates any road open to the public. Any interconnected set of highways can be variously referred to as a "highway system", a "highway network", or a...
system to accommodate more traffic flow to and from the area.
Demographics
Tangerang also has a significant community of Chinese Indonesians, many of whom are of Cina Benteng extraction. Benteng means 'fortress' in IndonesianIndonesian language
Indonesian is the official language of Indonesia. Indonesian is a normative form of the Riau Islands dialect of Malay, an Austronesian language which has been used as a lingua franca in the Indonesian archipelago for centuries....
. They were descended from laborers who were brought there by the Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
colonials in the 18th and 19th centuries, and most of them are still laborers and farmers. They are culturally distinct from other Chinese communities in the area: while almost none speak any dialect of Chinese, they are culturally very strongly Daoist and maintain their own places of worship and community centers. They are ethnically mixed, yet identify themselves as Chinese. A large Chinese cemetery
Cemetery
A cemetery is a place in which dead bodies and cremated remains are buried. The term "cemetery" implies that the land is specifically designated as a burying ground. Cemeteries in the Western world are where the final ceremonies of death are observed...
is also located in Tangerang, most of which are now developed into modern suburban communities such as Lippo Karawaci
Lippo Karawaci
Lippo Karawaci is a planned community in Tangerang, west of Jakarta, Indonesia. Previously a swamp area, it was opened in 1993 and is today a benchmark for Indonesia's "other" urban developments....
, Summarecon Gading Serpong, Bumi Serpong Damai, Bintaro Jaya, Modernland, and Alam Sutra.
Most of the Chinatown of Tangerang is located at Sewan, Pasar Lama, Pasar Baru, Benteng Makasar, Kapling, Karawaci (not Lippo Karawaci). One can find any food and all things Chinese there. Lippo Karawaci, Bintaro Jaya, Bumi Serpong Damai and Alam Sutra are new locations of residential places (New Town
New Town
New Town may refer to:*New town, a generic name for a planned city development or expansion*In the United Kingdom, any of a specific set of towns created under various Acts of Parliament for population moved out of overcrowded conurbations-Places:...
s). A vast majority of the residents are newcomers, not genuine Benteng Chinese.
Infrastructure and Facility
There are two highway connections from Jakarta. Firstly, the Jakarta–Merak highway, which have three different exits points to Tangerang city. Secondly, Bumi Serpong Damai - Jakarta Outer Ringroad highway providing direct tol access from Tangerang, Jakarta, Bekasi, and Bogor. The feeder buses of TransjakartaTransJakarta
TransJakarta is a bus rapid transit system in Jakarta, Indonesia. It was the first BRT system in Southern and Southeast Asia. TransJakarta started on January 15, 2004. As of March 2011, there were 10 corridors in operation, with five more to be built...
serves commutter from Bumi Serpong Damai and Bintaro Jaya. KRL Jabotabek
KRL Jabotabek
KRL Commuter Jabodetabek or simply KRL Jabodetabek is a mass rapid transit system in Jabodetabek, Indonesia. It is an acronym for Kereta Rel Listrik Jakarta Bogor Depok Tangerang Bekasi which can be loosely translated into Jabodetabek electrified rail. KRL Jabodetabek serves commuters in Jakarta,...
serves from Tangerang and Serpong to Jakarta Kota
Jakarta Kota Station
Jakarta Kota Station is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Jakarta. The station was appointed as a historical and cultural landmark in 1993....
. Many shopping malls developed in Tangerang, such as Mal Summarecon Serpong, WTC Matahari, BSD Plaza, ITC BSD, Bintaro Plaza, and the biggest one, Supermal Karawaci. For the Indonesian A1 Grand Prix
A1 Grand Prix
A1 Grand Prix was a 'single make' open-wheel auto racing series. It was unique in its field in that competitors solely represented their nation as opposed to themselves or a team, the usual format in most formula racing series. As such, it was often promoted as the "World Cup of Motorsport"...
in November 2008, the government had developed Lippo Karawaci circuit.
Economy
Garuda IndonesiaGaruda Indonesia
PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk , publicly known as Garuda Indonesia, is the flag carrier of Indonesia. It is named after the mystical giant bird Garuda of Hinduism and Buddhist mythology. It is headquartered at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, near Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia...
, the Indonesian national airline, is headquartered at the airport, located in Tangerang. Angkasa Pura
Angkasa Pura
PT. Angkasa Pura is a state enterprise of the Indonesian Department of Transport that is responsible for the management of airports and air traffic services in Indonesia. PT. Angkasa Pura is made up of two parts: PT Angkasa Pura I & PT Angkasa Pura II.Angkasa Pura I has its head office in Jakarta...
II's head office is on the airport property.
History
On October 1945, Laskar Hitam, a Muslim militia was established in Tangerang. The goal of this movement was to establish an Islamic nation in Indonesia. This movement later became a part of DI/TII rebel group. On October 31, 1945, Laskar Hitam kidnapped Otto Iskandardinata, Republic of Indonesia's Minister of State. He persumably was murdered at Mauk beach, Tangerang on December 20, 1945.After the declaration of Independence, there was chaos and racial riots in Tangerang. Anti-Chinese groups attacked a half blood Chinese community in Tangerang called "China Benteng" means "Chinese of the fortress" because they supported the Dutch government who tried to re-occupy Indonesia and also because there's a pro-Dutch Chinese organization ruling in Tangerang named Chung Hua Hui and their military wing named Bao An Dui.. The Bao An Dui troops and regional Bentengese Landlords troops work together to counter the Republicans loyal to Republic of Indonesia regime and also the Darul Islam. The goal of Bao An Dui and her allies are creating a Dutch-supported state in Tangerang named "Capitanate of Tangerang" led by a Chinese capitant.
China Benteng has a unique story, it is a half blood chinese community in Tangerang, mixed of Chinese, Dutch, Japanese, and Indonesian natives. Many of "China Benteng" are actually descendant of Qing Dynasty Imperial Family (Aisin-Giorio in Manchu or Aixinjueluo in Mandarin). They are the Bentengse with surname "Ong". They are descendants of an illegitimate son of an affair between Emperor Qianlong and a beautiful Fujianese girl with surname "Ong" from Fujian province. Because the Emperor don't want this affair known by public, so to hide the fact, the son of this affair is forced to use her mother's surname, that is "Wang" in mandarin or "Ong" in Hokkien.
Majority of Bentengse from Ong surname now use Indonesian names in their daily life, like : Wangsa Mulya, Wangsamulia, or Wangsa Kusuma. Most of them don't understand about it, but this record is exist both in China and Taiwan.
On August 1996, Walmart, the largest retail in USA opened its first branch in Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang. The branch was ransacked and burned down during the Indonesian riots of May 1998. Walmart discontinued their investment in Indonesia after the riot.
Situ Gintung Flood
Tangerang District is location of the Situ GintungSitu Gintung
Situ Gintung was an artificial lake near to the town of Cirendeu in Tangerang District, Indonesia. It was formed by a dam up to high which was built by Dutch colonial authorities in 1933...
reservoir built by Dutch colonial authorities in 1933. It was surrounded by a dam up to 16 metres (52 ft) high, which failed on 27 March 2009 with the resulting floods killing at least 93 people. The flood could have been prevented had local authorities not neglected the recommendation of American engineers which recommended the reinforcement of the dam and possible evacuation of the lower villages located at the very bottom of the dam.
The Benteng Heritage Museum
Besides of Boen Tek Bio Temple, the Benteng Heritage Museum which built by Udaya who plans to open on the auspicious November 11, 2011 or 11/11/11 will enriched the Chinese heritage.South Tangerang
South Tangerang is a cityCity
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
which, like Tangerang City itself, is administratively separate from Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency
Tangerang Regency is a regency of Banten province, Indonesia. The current regent is H. Ismet Iskandar. It has an area of 959.6 km² and an official 2010 census count of 2,838,621. Since 2000, it has lost territory as South Tangerang has split off on 29 October 2008...
. It has seven subdistricts are Serpong, North Serpong, Ciputat, East Ciputat, Pondok Aren, Pamulang, and Setu. Located on the southwest of Jakarta, it has an area of 147.19 square kilometres and a population of 966.037.
Education
Tangerang city provides educational facilities from kindergarten to college.In addition to government schools founded by there are many private schools and colleges. Among these are Sekolah Santa Ursula BSD, Santa Laurensia School, and Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen Penabur Gading Serpong
Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen Penabur Gading Serpong
Sekolah Menengah Atas Kristen PENABUR Gading Serpong, often shortened to SMAK PENABUR Gading Serpong, is a Christian private high school located in Gading Serpong, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. It is organized by the BPK PENABUR Jakarta Foundation. The school provides year ten to year twelve...
.
Transportation
Apart from using buses and public transport, there are several taxi companies operating in the city.Air Conditioned public bus shuttle is available from the Airport to several destinations inside Jakarta. This is operated by Damri a state own Company.
There are also private shuttle bus services from Jakarta to private residential area such as Lippo Karawaci and Citra Raya.
There are 17 intersections prone to traffic congestion with the obsolete Multi Program Eight Phase System. By 2012, Tangerang will have a new technology, called the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) uses a closed-circuit camera that would respond to traffic conditions at any given intersection and could reduce the rate of congestion by 30 percent.