The Vichy 80
Encyclopedia
The Vichy 80 were a group of elected French
parliamentarians who, on 10 July 1940, voted against the constitutional change that dissolved the Third Republic
and established an authoritarian regime known as Vichy France
.
Nazi Germany
invaded France on 14 May 1940, and Paris
fell a month later. Prime Minister Paul Reynaud
resigned rather than seek armistice
terms, so President Albert Lebrun
appointed Marshal Philippe Pétain
as his replacement. France capitulated on 22 June 1940. Under the terms of the armistice, France was partitioned: the northern region was to be occupied by Germany, and the remainder, with its capital at Vichy
, was, ostensibly, to be governed by a French government under Pétain.
Pétain began a revision of the constitution of the Third Republic. This process was completed with a vote of the combined houses of the parliament on 10 July 1940. The result was a constitutional amendment that created the new regime, Vichy France. The eighty deputies
and senators
who opposed the change are referred to as the Vichy 80 (French
: "les quatre-vingts"), and they are now famous for their courageous decision.
Additionally, twenty-seven deputies and senators did not take part in the vote. They had fled Metropolitan France
on 21 June, from Bordeaux
to Algiers
, on board the ship, Massilia, and they are referred to as the Massilia absentees. They were considered traitors by the Vichy France regime.
Sixty-one communist parliamentarians had had their rights to serve as deputies and senators denied to them in January 1940.
The Pétain government always ruled under this act, the constitutional law of 10 July 1940, and they never produced a true constitution until the end of the war
, insisting that it would have to be signed in Paris, once France was liberated. On January 30, 1944, a draft constitution was signed, but it remained without effect. After the overthrow of Pétain, the Free French Forces
contested the legality of the Vichy regime and they voided most of its acts. More recently though, there has been some recognition of the responsibility of the French state for the crimes committed under the Vichy government.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
parliamentarians who, on 10 July 1940, voted against the constitutional change that dissolved the Third Republic
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic was the republican government of France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed due to the French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, to 1940, when France was overrun by Nazi Germany during World War II, resulting in the German and Italian occupations of France...
and established an authoritarian regime known as Vichy France
Vichy France
Vichy France, Vichy Regime, or Vichy Government, are common terms used to describe the government of France that collaborated with the Axis powers from July 1940 to August 1944. This government succeeded the Third Republic and preceded the Provisional Government of the French Republic...
.
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
invaded France on 14 May 1940, and Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
fell a month later. Prime Minister Paul Reynaud
Paul Reynaud
Paul Reynaud was a French politician and lawyer prominent in the interwar period, noted for his stances on economic liberalism and militant opposition to Germany. He was the penultimate Prime Minister of the Third Republic and vice-president of the Democratic Republican Alliance center-right...
resigned rather than seek armistice
Armistice
An armistice is a situation in a war where the warring parties agree to stop fighting. It is not necessarily the end of a war, but may be just a cessation of hostilities while an attempt is made to negotiate a lasting peace...
terms, so President Albert Lebrun
Albert Lebrun
Albert François Lebrun was a French politician, President of France from 1932 to 1940. He was the last president of the Third Republic. He was a member of the center-right Democratic Republican Alliance .-Biography:...
appointed Marshal Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain , generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain , was a French general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, and was later Chief of State of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944...
as his replacement. France capitulated on 22 June 1940. Under the terms of the armistice, France was partitioned: the northern region was to be occupied by Germany, and the remainder, with its capital at Vichy
Vichy
Vichy is a commune in the department of Allier in Auvergne in central France. It belongs to the historic province of Bourbonnais.It is known as a spa and resort town and was the de facto capital of Vichy France during the World War II Nazi German occupation from 1940 to 1944.The town's inhabitants...
, was, ostensibly, to be governed by a French government under Pétain.
Pétain began a revision of the constitution of the Third Republic. This process was completed with a vote of the combined houses of the parliament on 10 July 1940. The result was a constitutional amendment that created the new regime, Vichy France. The eighty deputies
Chamber of Deputies of France
Chamber of Deputies was the name given to several parliamentary bodies in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries:* 1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the Lower chamber of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.*...
and senators
French Senate
The Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of France, presided over by a president.The Senate enjoys less prominence than the lower house, the directly elected National Assembly; debates in the Senate tend to be less tense and generally enjoy less media coverage.-History:France's first...
who opposed the change are referred to as the Vichy 80 (French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
: "les quatre-vingts"), and they are now famous for their courageous decision.
Additionally, twenty-seven deputies and senators did not take part in the vote. They had fled Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France is the part of France located in Europe. It can also be described as mainland France or as the French mainland and the island of Corsica...
on 21 June, from Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
to Algiers
Algiers
' is the capital and largest city of Algeria. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. In 2009, the population was about 3,500,000...
, on board the ship, Massilia, and they are referred to as the Massilia absentees. They were considered traitors by the Vichy France regime.
Sixty-one communist parliamentarians had had their rights to serve as deputies and senators denied to them in January 1940.
The Pétain government always ruled under this act, the constitutional law of 10 July 1940, and they never produced a true constitution until the end of the war
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, insisting that it would have to be signed in Paris, once France was liberated. On January 30, 1944, a draft constitution was signed, but it remained without effect. After the overthrow of Pétain, the Free French Forces
Free French Forces
The Free French Forces were French partisans in World War II who decided to continue fighting against the forces of the Axis powers after the surrender of France and subsequent German occupation and, in the case of Vichy France, collaboration with the Germans.-Definition:In many sources, Free...
contested the legality of the Vichy regime and they voided most of its acts. More recently though, there has been some recognition of the responsibility of the French state for the crimes committed under the Vichy government.
Vote tally
| Deputies | Senators | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 544 | 302 | 846 |
| Voting | 414 | 235 | 649 |
| For | 357 | 212 | 569 |
| Against | 57 | 23 | 80 |
| Voluntary abstaining | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| Massilia absentees | 26 | 1 | 27 |
| Other abstaining | 92 | 57 | 149 |
| Not voting | 1 | 1 |
Detailed list of the 80
| Name | House | Département | Parliamentary group |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marcel Astier Marcel Astier Marcel-François Astier was a French politician.Born in Privas , Marcel Astier was the son of parliamentarian François Astier. He studied law and medicine and managed the familial vineyards... |
Senate | Ardèche Ardèche Ardèche is a department in south-central France named after the Ardèche River.- History :The area has been inhabited by humans at least since the Upper Paleolithic, as attested by the famous cave paintings at Chauvet Pont d'Arc. The plateau of the Ardeche River has extensive standing stones ,... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Jean-Fernand Audeguil Jean-Fernand Audeguil Jean-Fernand Audeguil was a French politician.Born in Monclar in the department of Lot-et-Garonne, Audeguil studied at the University of Bordeaux and later taught in Bordeaux. He joined the French Section of the Workers' International and was elected to the town council in Talence in 1935... |
Chamber of Deputies | Gironde Gironde For the Revolutionary party, see Girondists.Gironde is a common name for the Gironde estuary, where the mouths of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers merge, and for a department in the Aquitaine region situated in southwest France.-History:... |
SFIO |
| Vincent Auriol Vincent Auriol Vincent Jules Auriol was a French politician who served as the first President of the Fourth Republic from 1947 to 1954. He also served as interim President of the Provisional Government from November to December 1946, making him one of only three people who were heads of state of the French... |
Chamber of Deputies | Haute-Garonne Haute-Garonne Haute-Garonne is a department in the southwest of France named after the Garonne river. Its main city is Toulouse.-History:Haute-Garonne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Languedoc.The... |
SFIO |
| Alexandre Bachelet Alexandre Bachelet Alexandre Edmond Bachelet was a French politician.Bachelet was born in Audemont in the Pas-de-Calais into a working class family. The family moved to Saint-Ouen, a northern suburb of Paris. Bachelet worked as a labourer and studied part time to become a teacher... |
Senate | Seine Seine (département) Seine was a département of France encompassing Paris and its immediate suburbs. Its préfecture was Paris and its official number was 75. The Seine département was abolished in 1968 and its territory divided among four new départements.... |
SFIO |
| Vincent Badie Vincent Badie Vincent Badie was a French lawyer and politician.Vincent Henri Badie was born in Béziers and practised as a lawyer at Montpellier. He was elected as Radical Party candidate to the Chamber of Deputies in 1936 representing Hérault... |
Chamber of Deputies | Hérault Hérault Hérault is a department in the south of France named after the Hérault river.-History:Hérault is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Camille Bedin Camille Bedin Camille Fernand Bedin was a French politician.Camille Bedin was born at Saint-Satur in the Cher département. He worked as a cloth merchant. During the First World War he served in the French Army as a junior officer in the 50th Infantry Regiment. After the war he settled in Excideuil... |
Chamber of Deputies | Dordogne Dordogne Dordogne is a départment in south-west France. The départment is located in the region of Aquitaine, between the Loire valley and the High Pyrénées named after the great river Dordogne that runs through it... |
SFIO |
| Émile Bender Émile Bender Émile Joseph Louis Bender was a French politician.Émile Bender was born in Charentay in the Rhône département where his father was a wine grower... |
Senate | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Jean Biondi Jean Biondi Jean Dominique Biondi was French politician.Jean Biondi was born on the island of Corsica in the village of Sari-d'Orcino... |
Chamber of Deputies | Oise Oise Oise is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise.-History:Oise is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790... |
SFIO |
| Léon Blum Léon Blum André Léon Blum was a French politician, usually identified with the moderate left, and three times the Prime Minister of France.-First political experiences:... |
Chamber of Deputies | Aude Aude Aude is a department in south-central France named after the river Aude. The local council also calls the department "Cathar Country".Aude is also a frequent feminine French given name in Francophone countries, deriving initially from Aude or Oda, a wife of Bertrand, Duke of Aquitaine, and mother... |
SFIO |
| Laurent Bonnevay Laurent Bonnevay Laurent Bonnevay was a radical centrist French politician during the Third and Fourth Republics, first member of the Republican Federation and then of the Independent Radicals center-right group.... |
Chamber of Deputies | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
AD Democratic Republican Alliance The Democratic Republican Alliance was a French political party created in 1901 by followers of Léon Gambetta, such as Raymond Poincaré who would be president of the Council in the 1920s... |
| Paul Boulet Paul Boulet Paul Marie Maurice Boulet was a French Christian democrat politician.Paul Boulet was born in Marseille and raised in Béziers and Montpellier. He studied medicine at the University of Montpellier. He served in the French Army during the First World War, initially as a stretcher-bearer and later as... |
Chamber of Deputies | Hérault Hérault Hérault is a department in the south of France named after the Hérault river.-History:Hérault is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790... |
Independent Left |
| Georges Bruguier Georges Bruguier Victorien Félix Bruguier , called Georges Bruguier, was a French politician and journalist.Born in Nîmes, Georges Brugier was a son of trade unionist Victorien Bruguier... |
Senate | Gard Gard Gard is a département located in southern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon region.The department is named after the River Gard, although the formerly Occitan name of the River Gard, Gardon, has been replacing the traditional French name in recent decades, even among French speakers.- History... |
SFIO |
| Séraphin Buisset Séraphin Buisset Séraphin Léopold Buisset was a French politician.Séraphin Buisset was born in Rives in the Isère départment and was a wine merchant there. He was elected as a conseiller général in 1907 and to the town council of Rives in 1912... |
Chamber of Deputies | Isère Isère Isère is a department in the Rhône-Alpes region in the east of France named after the river Isère.- History :Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Dauphiné... |
SFIO |
| Gaston Cabannes Gaston Cabannes Gaston Marie Léon Cabannes was a French politician.Gaston Cabannes was born in Agen. His parents worked in the garment industry and he himself worked as a tailor in Bordeaux... |
Chamber of Deputies | Gironde Gironde For the Revolutionary party, see Girondists.Gironde is a common name for the Gironde estuary, where the mouths of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers merge, and for a department in the Aquitaine region situated in southwest France.-History:... |
SFIO |
| François Camel | Chamber of Deputies | Ariège Ariège Ariège is a department in southwestern France named after the Ariège River.- History :Ariège is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from the counties of Foix and Couserans.... |
SFIO |
| Pierre de Chambrun Pierre de Chambrun Pierre de Chambrun was a French politician.Charles Louis Antoine Pierre Gilbert Pineton de Chambrun was born in Paris. The Pineton de Chambrun family was of noble origin and politically prominent, providing several members of the Senate of France and the Chamber of Deputies of France representing... |
Senate | Lozère Lozère Lozère , is a department in southeast France near the Massif Central, named after Mont Lozère.- History :Lozère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790... |
Independent Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
| Auguste Champetier de Ribes Auguste Champetier de Ribes Auguste Champetier de Ribes was a French politician and jurist.A devout Catholic, he was an early follower of Albert de Mun and social Christianity. Wounded in the First World War, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies from the Basses-Pyrénées as a Christian democrat from 1924 to 1934... |
Senate | Basses-Pyrénées | Independent Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
| Pierre Chaumié Pierre Chaumié Pierre Chaumié was a French politician.Pierre Jean-Marie Bertrand Camille Chaumié was born into a political family in Agen. He was the middle son of Joseph Chaumié , Senator for Lot-et-Garonne from 1897 to 1919... |
Senate | Lot-et-Garonne Lot-et-Garonne Lot-et-Garonne is a department in the southwest of France named after the Lot and Garonne rivers.-History:Lot-et-Garonne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Arthur Chaussy Arthur Chaussy Arthur Théophile Chaussy was a French politician.Born into a peasant family in Château-Landon in the Seine-et-Marne department of France, Arthur Chaussy was a stonecutter to trade. In 1905 he was among the founding members of the Seine-et-Marne branch of the SFIO, the French socialist party... |
Chamber of Deputies | Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne is a French department, named after the Seine and Marne rivers, and located in the Île-de-France region.- History:Seine-et-Marne is one of the original 83 departments, created on March 4, 1790 during the French Revolution in application of the law of December 22, 1789... |
SFIO |
| Joseph Collomp | Chamber of Deputies | Var Var (département) The Var is a French department in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in Provence, in southeast France. It takes its name from the river Var, which used to flow along its eastern boundary, but the boundary was moved in 1860... |
SFIO |
| Octave Crutel | Chamber of Deputies | Seine-Inférieure | Radical-Socialist |
| Achille Daroux Achille Daroux Achille Pierre Anatole Eugène Daroux was a French politician.Daroux was born in Saint-Prouant in the Vendée département of France. Son of a teacher, he studied medicine at the University of Bordeaux... |
Chamber of Deputies | Vendée Vendée The Vendée is a department in the Pays-de-la-Loire region in west central France, on the Atlantic Ocean. The name Vendée is taken from the Vendée river which runs through the south-eastern part of the department.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Maurice Delom-Sorbé | Chamber of Deputies | Basses-Pyrénées | Independent Left |
| Joseph Depierre | Senate | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
SFIO |
| Marx Dormoy Marx Dormoy Marx Dormoy was a French socialist politician, noted for his opposition to the far right.-Early career:Born in Montluçon, he was elected mayor of his native town in 1926, and representative of the Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière to the French National Assembly in 1931 for the Allier... |
Senate | Allier Allier Allier is a department in central France named after the river Allier.- History :Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Auvergne and Bourbonnais.In 1940, the government of Marshal... |
SFIO |
| Alfred Elmiger | Chamber of Deputies | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
Independent Left |
| Paul Fleurot | Senate | Seine Seine (département) Seine was a département of France encompassing Paris and its immediate suburbs. Its préfecture was Paris and its official number was 75. The Seine département was abolished in 1968 and its territory divided among four new départements.... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Émile Fouchard Émile Fouchard Émile Fouchard was a French politician.Born in Bannay in the Cher department, in 1906 he moved with his family to Chelles in the Seine-et-Marne department. He became a carpenter and joined the Young Socialists in 1918... |
Chamber of Deputies | Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne is a French department, named after the Seine and Marne rivers, and located in the Île-de-France region.- History:Seine-et-Marne is one of the original 83 departments, created on March 4, 1790 during the French Revolution in application of the law of December 22, 1789... |
UPF Union populaire française The Union populaire française was a parliamentary group in the French Parliament formed in 1939 by breakaway members of the French Communist Party who opposed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Prominent members included Émile Fouchard, Eugène Jardon and René Nicod.... |
| Édouard Froment | Chamber of Deputies | Ardêche Ardèche Ardèche is a department in south-central France named after the Ardèche River.- History :The area has been inhabited by humans at least since the Upper Paleolithic, as attested by the famous cave paintings at Chauvet Pont d'Arc. The plateau of the Ardeche River has extensive standing stones ,... |
SFIO |
| Paul Giaccobi | Senate | Corse Corsica Corsica is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia.... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Justin Godart Justin Godart Justin Godart was a French politician who served as the Minister for Health from June 3, 1932 to December 18, 1932.- Biography :... |
Senate | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Félix Gouin Félix Gouin Félix Gouin was a French Socialist politician, member of the French Section of the Workers' International .-Personal life:Félix Gouin was born in Peypin, Bouches-du-Rhône, the son of school teachers... |
Chamber of Deputies | Bouches-du-Rhône Bouches-du-Rhône Bouches-du-Rhône is a department in the south of France named after the mouth of the Rhône River. It is the most populous department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Its INSEE and postal code is 13.-History of the department:... |
SFIO |
| Henri Gout Henri Gout Henri Gout was a French politician.Born in Badens , he studied medicine before becoming involved in politics as a member of the Radical Party. For his services during the First World War he received the Croix de guerre.He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies to represent Aude in 1928 and served... |
Chamber of Deputies | Aude Aude Aude is a department in south-central France named after the river Aude. The local council also calls the department "Cathar Country".Aude is also a frequent feminine French given name in Francophone countries, deriving initially from Aude or Oda, a wife of Bertrand, Duke of Aquitaine, and mother... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Louis Gros | Senate | Vaucluse Vaucluse The Vaucluse is a department in the southeast of France, named after the famous spring, the Fontaine-de-Vaucluse.- History :Vaucluse was created on 12 August 1793 out of parts of the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône, Drôme, and Basses-Alpes... |
SFIO |
| Amédée Guy | Chamber of Deputies | Haute-Savoie Haute-Savoie Haute-Savoie is a French department in the Rhône-Alpes region of eastern France. It borders both Switzerland and Italy. The capital is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva and Switzerland; to the south and southeast are the Mont Blanc and Aravis mountain ranges and the French entrance to the Mont... |
SFIO |
| Jean Hennessy Jean Hennessy Jean Patrick Hennessy was a French politician.Hennessy was born at Cherves-Richemont in the Charente département, son of Maurice Hennessy and his wife Jeanne, née Foussat. His very wealthy family, of Irish origin, were the proprietors of the Hennessy cognac business, now part of LVMH... |
Chamber of Deputies | Alpes-Maritimes Alpes-Maritimes Alpes-Maritimes is a department in the extreme southeast corner of France.- History : was created by Octavian as a Roman military district in 14 BC, and became a full Roman province in the middle of the 1st century with its capital first at Cemenelum and subsequently at Embrun... |
Independent Left |
| Lucien Hussel | Chamber of Deputies | Isère Isère Isère is a department in the Rhône-Alpes region in the east of France named after the river Isère.- History :Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Dauphiné... |
SFIO |
| André Isoré | Chamber of Deputies | Pas-de-Calais | Radical-Socialist |
| Eugène Jardon | Chamber of Deputies | Allier Allier Allier is a department in central France named after the river Allier.- History :Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Auvergne and Bourbonnais.In 1940, the government of Marshal... |
UPF Union populaire française The Union populaire française was a parliamentary group in the French Parliament formed in 1939 by breakaway members of the French Communist Party who opposed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Prominent members included Émile Fouchard, Eugène Jardon and René Nicod.... |
| Jean-Alexis Jaubert | Chamber of Deputies | Corrèze Corrèze Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Claude Jordery | Chamber of Deputies | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
SFIO |
| François Labrousse | Senate | Corrèze Corrèze Corrèze is a department in south central France, named after the Corrèze River.The inhabitants of the department are called Corréziens or Corréziennes according to gender.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Albert Le Bail | Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Joseph Lecacheux | Chamber of Deputies | Manche Manche Manche is a French department in Normandy named after La Manche , which is the French name for the English Channel.- History :Manche is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790... |
AD Democratic Republican Alliance The Democratic Republican Alliance was a French political party created in 1901 by followers of Léon Gambetta, such as Raymond Poincaré who would be president of the Council in the 1920s... |
| Victor Le Gorgeu | Senate | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Justin Luquot | Chamber of Deputies | Gironde Gironde For the Revolutionary party, see Girondists.Gironde is a common name for the Gironde estuary, where the mouths of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers merge, and for a department in the Aquitaine region situated in southwest France.-History:... |
SFIO |
| Augustin Malroux Augustin Malroux Augustin Malroux was a French socialist politician and member of the French Resistance, a teacher by profession.-Political ascent:... |
Chamber of Deputies | Tarn | SFIO |
| Gaston Manent | Chamber of Deputies | Hautes-Pyrénées Hautes-Pyrénées Hautes-Pyrénées is a department in southwestern France. It is part of the Midi-Pyrénées region.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Alfred Margaine | Chamber of Deputies | Marne Marne Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the river Marne which flows through the department. The prefecture of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Léon Martin | Chamber of Deputies | Isère Isère Isère is a department in the Rhône-Alpes region in the east of France named after the river Isère.- History :Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Dauphiné... |
SFIO |
| Robert Mauger | Chamber of Deputies | Loir-et-Cher Loir-et-Cher Loir-et-Cher is a département in north-central France named after the rivers Loir and Cher.-History:Loir-et-Cher is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Orléanais and... |
SFIO |
| Jean Mendiondou | Chamber of Deputies | Basses-Pyrénées | Radical-Socialist |
| Jules Moch Jules Moch Jules Salvador Moch was a French politician.-Biography:... |
Chamber of Deputies | Hérault Hérault Hérault is a department in the south of France named after the Hérault river.-History:Hérault is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790... |
SFIO |
| Maurice Montel | Chamber of Deputies | Cantal Cantal Cantal is a department in south-central France. It is named after the Cantal mountain range, a group of extinct, eroded volcanic peaks, which covers much of the department. Residents are known as Cantaliens or Cantalous.... |
Independent Left |
| Léonel de Moustier Léonel de Moustier Marquis Léonel de Moustier was a French businessman and politician.Léonel Marie Ghislain Alfred de Moustier, son of Marquis Pierre de Moustier, was born in Paris. His father represented Doubs in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate... |
Chamber of Deputies | Doubs Doubs Doubs is a department the Franche-Comté region of eastern France named after the Doubs River.-History:As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke the Franc-Comtois language, a dialect of Langue d'Oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect... |
Républicain indépendant |
| Marius Moutet | Chamber of Deputies | Drôme Drôme Drôme , a department in southeastern France, takes its name from the Drôme River.-History:The French National Constituent Assembly set up Drôme as one of the original 83 departments of France on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution... |
SFIO |
| René Nicod | Chamber of Deputies | Ain Ain Ain is a department named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France. Being part of the region Rhône-Alpes and bordered by the rivers Saône and Rhône, the department of Ain enjoys a privileged geographic situation... |
UPF Union populaire française The Union populaire française was a parliamentary group in the French Parliament formed in 1939 by breakaway members of the French Communist Party who opposed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Prominent members included Émile Fouchard, Eugène Jardon and René Nicod.... |
| Louis Noguères Louis Noguères Louis Noguères was a French politician and member of the French Resistance.Son of a magistrate, Louis Noguères was born at Laval, Mayenne. His family moved frequently and Louis attended schools in Laval, Angers, Chambéry, and Le Havre. He studied law and history at the Sorbonne in Paris... |
Chamber of Deputies | Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales is a department of southern France adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish enclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain.- History :... |
SFIO |
| Jean Odin Jean Odin Jean Ernest Sébastien Odin was a French politician.Odin was born in Bordeaux, where his father worked as a ship's captain. At a young age Odin moved to Noumea, New Caledonia, where his father had been transferred, and attended school there.Upon his return to France, Odin became a lawyer's clerk... |
Senate | Gironde Gironde For the Revolutionary party, see Girondists.Gironde is a common name for the Gironde estuary, where the mouths of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers merge, and for a department in the Aquitaine region situated in southwest France.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Joseph Paul-Boncour Joseph Paul-Boncour Augustin Alfred Joseph Paul-Boncour was a French politician of the Third Republic.-Career:Born in Saint-Aignan, Loir-et-Cher, Paul-Boncour received a law degree from the University of Paris and became active in the labor movement, organizing the legal council of the Bourses du Travail... |
Senate | Loir-et-Cher Loir-et-Cher Loir-et-Cher is a département in north-central France named after the rivers Loir and Cher.-History:Loir-et-Cher is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Orléanais and... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Jean Perrot Jean Perrot Jean Perrot is a French archaeologist who specialised in the late prehistory of the Middle East and Near East.-Biography:Perrot was a graduate of the Ecole du Louvre where he studied under two experts in Syrian archaeology; André Parrot and René Dussaud... |
Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Georges Pézières | Senate | Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales is a department of southern France adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish enclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain.- History :... |
SFIO |
| André Philip André Philip André Philip was an SFIO who served as an Interior Minister for the Free French during the war. He also served as a finance minister in 1946 and part of 1947.... |
Chamber of Deputies | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
SFIO |
| Marcel Plaisant | Senate | Cher Cher (département) Cher is an administrative department located in the centre of France. It is named after the Cher River.-History:Cher is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. Most of it was created, along with the adjacent department of Indre from the former... |
Radical-Socialist |
| François Tanguy-Prigent François Tanguy-Prigent François Tanguy-Prigent was a French politician and resistance fighter. .... |
Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
SFIO |
| Paul Ramadier Paul Ramadier Paul Ramadier was a prominent French politician of the Third and Fourth Republics. Mayor of Decazeville starting in 1919, he served as the first Prime Minister of the Fourth Republic in 1947. On 10 July 1940, he voted against the granting of the full powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain, who... |
Chamber of Deputies | Aveyron Aveyron Aveyron is a département in southern France named after the Aveyron River.- History :Aveyron is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790.... |
Independent Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
| Joseph-Paul Rambaud | Senate | Ariège Ariège Ariège is a department in southwestern France named after the Ariège River.- History :Ariège is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from the counties of Foix and Couserans.... |
Radical-Socialist |
| René Renout | Senate | Var | Radical-Socialist |
| Léon Roche | Chamber of Deputies | Haute-Vienne Haute-Vienne Haute-Vienne is a French department named after the Vienne River. It is one of three departments that together constitute the French region of Limousin.The chief and largest city is Limoges... |
SFIO |
| Camille Rolland | Senate | Rhône Rhône (département) Rhône is a French department located in the central Eastern region of Rhône-Alpes. It is named after the Rhône River.- History :The Rhône department was created on August 12, 1793 when the former département of Rhône-et-Loire was split into two departments: Rhône and Loire.Originally, the eastern... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Jean-Louis Rolland | Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
SFIO |
| Joseph Rous | Chamber of Deputies | Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales Pyrénées-Orientales is a department of southern France adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. It also surrounds the tiny Spanish enclave of Llívia, and thus has two distinct borders with Spain.- History :... |
SFIO |
| Jean-Emmanuel Roy | Chamber of Deputies | Gironde Gironde For the Revolutionary party, see Girondists.Gironde is a common name for the Gironde estuary, where the mouths of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers merge, and for a department in the Aquitaine region situated in southwest France.-History:... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Henry Sénès | Senate | Var | SFIO |
| Philippe Serre | Chamber of Deputies | Meurthe-et-Moselle Meurthe-et-Moselle Meurthe-et-Moselle is a department in the Lorraine region of France, named after the Meurthe and Moselle rivers.- History :Meurthe-et-Moselle was created in 1871 at the end of the Franco-Prussian War from the parts of the former departments of Moselle and Meurthe which remained French... |
Independent Left |
| Paul Simon | Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
Popular Democrat Popular Democratic Party (France) The Popular Democratic Party was a non-confessional Christian democratic party in France during the Third Republic. Founded in 1924, it represented the trend of advanced French social Catholicism, while remaining a party embodying the ideology of centrism.... |
| Gaston Thiébaut | Chamber of Deputies | Meuse Meuse Meuse is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse.-History:Meuse is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790... |
Radical-Socialist |
| Isidore Thivrier | Chamber of Deputies | Allier Allier Allier is a department in central France named after the river Allier.- History :Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Auvergne and Bourbonnais.In 1940, the government of Marshal... |
SFIO |
| Pierre Trémintin | Chamber of Deputies | Finistère Finistère Finistère is a département of France, in the extreme west of Brittany.-History:The name Finistère derives from the Latin Finis Terræ, meaning end of the earth, and may be compared with Land's End on the opposite side of the English Channel... |
Popular Democrat Popular Democratic Party (France) The Popular Democratic Party was a non-confessional Christian democratic party in France during the Third Republic. Founded in 1924, it represented the trend of advanced French social Catholicism, while remaining a party embodying the ideology of centrism.... |
| Michel Zunino Michel Zunino Michel Zunino , Knight of the Légion d'honneur, was a French wine grower and politician. Zunino was a Member of Parliament, representing Var from 1936 to 1942 and 1946 to 1956. Additionally, he represented Var in the first and second Constituent National Assemblies after the war... |
Chamber of Deputies | Var | SFIO |
External links
- List of the MPs
- Original vote
- Le vote du 10 Juillet 1940 (an account in French of the circumstances surrounding the vote)
- Les quatre-vingts by Jean Odin (ISBN 2-87938-080-4)