Toulouse 1814 Order of Battle
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Toulouse 1814 Order of Battle
The Battle of Toulouse
saw a French
army led by Marshal
Nicolas Soult defend the city of Toulouse
against the Marquess of Wellington's
British, Portuguese, and Spanish army. The fighting took place on 10 April 1814 and Soult evacuated the city late in the evening of 11 April. Allied casualties in the bitter fighting exceeded French losses by more than a thousand. It was a waste of human life, since Napoleon I of France
abdicated his throne few days earlier. Official news of the end of the war did not reach Wellington until the afternoon of 12 April.
The Battle of Toulouse
Battle of Toulouse (1814)
The Battle of Toulouse was one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars, four days after Napoleon's surrender of the French Empire to the nations of the Sixth Coalition...
saw a French
First French Empire
The First French Empire , also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France...
army led by Marshal
Marshal of France
The Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
Nicolas Soult defend the city of Toulouse
Toulouse
Toulouse is a city in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern FranceIt lies on the banks of the River Garonne, 590 km away from Paris and half-way between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea...
against the Marquess of Wellington's
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington
Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS , was an Irish-born British soldier and statesman, and one of the leading military and political figures of the 19th century...
British, Portuguese, and Spanish army. The fighting took place on 10 April 1814 and Soult evacuated the city late in the evening of 11 April. Allied casualties in the bitter fighting exceeded French losses by more than a thousand. It was a waste of human life, since Napoleon I of France
Napoleon I of France
Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815...
abdicated his throne few days earlier. Official news of the end of the war did not reach Wellington until the afternoon of 12 April.
Anglo-Allied Army
General Wellington- Wellington's Command:
- Light Division: Charles AltenCharles AltenSir Charles Alten , Hanoverian and British soldier, son of Baron Alten, a member of an old Hanoverian family, entered the service of the elector as a page at the age of twelve. He led a famous Anglo-Portuguese division during the Peninsular War. At the Battle of Waterloo, he commanded a division...
(4275)- Brigade James KemptJames KemptGeneral Sir James Kempt, GCB was a British Army officer, who served in Holland, Egypt, Italy, the Peninsula, and British North America during the Napoleonic Wars...
: 1/43rd Foot, 1/95th Rifles, 3/95th Rifles, 3rd Portuguese Caçadores (light infantry) - Brigade John ColborneJohn Colborne, 1st Baron SeatonField Marshal John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton, GCB, GCMG, GCH, PC was a British field marshal and colonial governor.-Early service:...
: 1/52nd Foot, 2/95th Rifles, 1st Port Caçadores, 17th Port Line
- Brigade James Kempt
- 3rd Division: Thomas PictonThomas PictonLieutenant General Sir Thomas Picton GCB was a Welsh British Army officer who fought in a number of campaigns for Britain, and rose to the rank of lieutenant general...
(4566)- Brigade Thomas BrisbaneThomas BrisbaneMajor-General Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane, 1st Baronet GCH, GCB, FRS, FRSE was a British soldier, colonial Governor and astronomer.-Early life:...
: 1/45th, 1/74th, 1/88th and 5/60th Foot - Brigade John KeaneJohn Keane, 1st Baron KeaneJohn Keane, 1st Baron Keane, GCB, GCH was a British soldier.Keane was born in Belmont, Ireland, the second son of Sir John Keane, 1st Baronet. He joined the British Army as an Ensign at age 11 in 1792. He rose the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the 60th Foot and commanded a brigade in the...
: 1/5th, 2/83rd, 2/87th and 94th Foot - Brigade Manley PowerManley PowerLieutenant General Sir Manley Power, KCB, ComTE was a British military leader who fought in a number of campaigns for Britain and rose to the rank of Lieutenant General. He is chiefly remembered for leading a brigade of Portuguese troops under The Duke of Wellington in the Iberian Peninsular War...
: 9th and 21st Port Line, 11th Port Caçadores
- Brigade Thomas Brisbane
- Cavalry Division: Henry FaneHenry Fane (general)General Sir Henry Fane GCB commanded brigades under Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington during several battles during the Peninsular War, and served both as a member of Parliament and Commander-in-Chief of India....
- Heavy Cavalry Brigade: Clifton (891)
- 1st Life Guards, 2nd Life Guards, Royal Horse GuardsBlues and RoyalsThe Blues and Royals is a cavalry regiment of the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry. The Colonel-in-Chief is Her Majesty The Queen and the Colonel is HRH The Princess Royal...
- 1st Life Guards, 2nd Life Guards, Royal Horse Guards
- Light Cavalry Brigade: Doherty, vice Fane (816)
- 13th Light Dragoons13th Light DragoonsThe 13th Hussars was a cavalry regiment of the British Army whose battle honours include Waterloo and The Charge of the Light Brigade. 1n 1922, the regiment was amalgamated with the 18th Royal Hussars, to form the 13th/18th Hussars.-Regimental history:British light dragoons were first raised in...
, 14th Light Dragoons
- 13th Light Dragoons
- Heavy Cavalry Brigade: Clifton (891)
- Unattached Cavalry Brigades
- Heavy Cavalry Brigade: Lord Charles MannersLord Charles Henry Somerset MannersGeneral Lord Charles Henry Somerset Manners, KCB was a British soldier and nobleman, the second son of Charles Manners, 4th Duke of Rutland and Lady Mary Somerset....
(1426)- 5th Dragoon Guards5th Dragoon GuardsThe 5th Dragoon Guards was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, first raised in 1685. It saw service for three centuries, before being amalgamated into the 5th Royal Inniskilling Dragoon Guards in 1922....
, 3rd Dragoons3rd The King's Own HussarsThe 3rd Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, first raised in 1685. It saw service for three centuries, before being amalgamated into The Queen's Own Hussars in 1958.-The Glorious Revolution:...
, 4th Dragoons4th Queen's Own HussarsThe 4th Queen's Own Hussars was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, first raised in 1685. It saw service for three centuries, before being amalgamated into The Queen's Royal Irish Hussars in 1958....
- 5th Dragoon Guards
- Heavy Cavalry Brigade: Bülow (701)
- 1st KGLKing's German LegionThe King's German Legion was a British Army unit of expatriate German personnel, 1803–16. The Legion achieved the distinction of being the only German force to fight without interruption against the French during the Napoleonic Wars....
Dragoons, 2nd KGL Dragoons
- 1st KGL
- Heavy Cavalry Brigade: Lord Charles Manners
- Spanish Division: Pablo MorilloPablo MorilloPablo Morillo y Morillo, Count of Cartagena and Marquess of La Puerta, aka El Pacificador was a Spanish general....
(2001) - Artillery: (1950)
- Light Division: Charles Alten
- Manuel FreireManuel Alberto Freire de Andrade y ArmijoManuel Alberto Freire de Andrade y Armijo was a Spanish cavalry officer and general officer during the Peninsular War....
's Command:- Spanish Division Marcilla: (3959)
- Spanish Division Espeleta: (3576)
- Other: (381)
- Rowland HillRowland Hill, 1st Viscount HillGeneral Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill of Almaraz GCB, GCH served in the Napoleonic Wars as a trusted brigade, division and corps commander under the command of the Duke of Wellington. He became Commander-in-Chief of the British Army in 1829.-Early career:Educated at a school in Chester, Hill was...
's Command:- 2nd Division: William StewartWilliam Stewart (1774-1827)Lieutenant-General Sir William Stewart, GCB was a British military officer who was the first Commanding Officer of the Rifle Corps, a Division Commander in the Peninsula and a Scottish Member of Parliament in the British Parliament...
(6940)- Brigade John ByngJohn Byng, 1st Earl of StraffordField Marshal John Byng, 1st Earl of Strafford, GCB, GCH, PC was a British peer, politician and soldier.-Early years:...
: 1/3rd and 1/57th Foot, 1st Provisional (2/31st and 2/66th) - Brigade Edward Barnes: 1/50th, 1/71st and 1/92nd Foot
- Brigade Richard O'Callaghan: 1/28th, 2/34th and 1/39th Foot
- Brigade Henry HardingeHenry Hardinge, 1st Viscount HardingeField Marshal Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, GCB, PC was a British field marshal and Governor-general of India.-Army career:...
: 6th and 18th Portuguese Line, 6th Port Caçadores
- Brigade John Byng
- Portuguese Division: Carlos Le Cor (3952)
- Brigade Almeida: 2nd and 14th Port Line
- Brigade John Buchan: 4th and 10th Port Line, 10th Port Caçadores
- 2nd Division: William Stewart
- William BeresfordWilliam Beresford, 1st Viscount BeresfordGeneral William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, 1st Marquis of Campo Maior, GCB, GCH, GCTE, PC , was a British soldier and politician...
's Command:- 4th Division: Galbraith Lowry Cole (5363)
- Brigade William AnsonSir William Anson, 1st BaronetGeneral Sir William Anson, 1st Baronet KCB was a general in the British Army noted for his service in Peninsular WarThe Anson Baronetcy was created for him on 30 September 1831....
: 3/27th, 1/40th and 1/48th Foot - Brigade Robert Ross: 1/7th, 1/20th and 1/23rd Foot
- Brigade José Vasconcellos: 11th and 23rd Portuguese Line, 7th Port Caçadores
- Brigade William Anson
- 6th Division: Henry ClintonHenry Clinton (Napoleonic Wars)Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Clinton, GCB, GCH was a British Army officer and a general officer during the Napoleonic Wars.He came from a family of soldiers...
(5693)- Brigade Denis Pack: 1/42nd, 1/79th and 1/91st Foot
- Brigade John LambertJohn Lambert (British soldier)General Sir John Lambert GCB was a British Army officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812.Lambert entered the British Army in 1791 as an ensign in the 1st Foot Guards...
: 1/11th, 1/36th and 1/61st Foot - Brigade James Douglas: 8th and 12th Port Line, 9th Port Caçadores
- Hussar Brigades
- Hussar Brigade: Edward SomersetLord Edward SomersetGeneral Lord Robert Edward Henry Somerset GCB was a British soldier.He was the third son of the 5th duke of Beaufort, and elder brother of Lord Raglan....
(1717)- 7th Hussars, 10th Hussars, 15th Hussars
- Hussar Brigade: Friedrich Arentschildt, vice Hussey VivianHussey Vivian, 1st Baron VivianLieutenant General Richard Hussey Vivian, 1st Baron Vivian GCB, GCH, PC , known as Sir Hussey Vivian from 1815 to 1828 and Sir Hussey Vivian, Bt from 1828 to 1841, was a British cavalry leader who came of a Cornish family.-Early career:Educated at Harrow and Exeter College, Oxford, Vivian entered...
(939)- 1st Hussars KGL, 18th Hussars
- Hussar Brigade: Edward Somerset
- 4th Division: Galbraith Lowry Cole (5363)
French Army
Marshal Soult- 1st Division: Augustin Darricau (3490)
- Brigade Fririon: 6th Light (1 battalion), 76th (1 bn) and 69th Line (2 bns)
- Brigade Berlier: 36th (2 bns), 39th (1 bn) and 65th (2 bns) Line
- 2nd Division: Jean Darmagnac (4456)
- Brigade Leseur: 31st Light (2 bns), 51st (1 bn) and 75th (2 bns) Line
- Brigade Menne: 118th and 120th Line (3 bns each)
- 4th Division: Eloi Charlemagne TaupinEloi Charlemagne TaupinGeneral Eloi Charlemagne Taupin became a French soldier before the French Revolutionary Wars, rose in rank to command a division in the armies of Napoleon and was killed leading his troops in battle in 1814...
(4864)- Brigade ReyGabriel Venance ReyGabriel Venance Rey or Antoine Gabriel Rey, born 24 July 1763 – died 20 April 1836, became a general officer in the army of France during the French Revolutionary Wars and led a division under Napoleon Bonaparte in the Italian campaign of 1796-1797. He ran afoul of Napoleon and was not...
: 12th Light, 32nd and 43rd Line (2 bns each) - Brigade Gasquet: 47th (2 bns), 55th (1 bn) and 58th (1 bn) Line
- Brigade Rey
- 5th Division: Jean-Pierre MaransinJean-Pierre MaransinJean-Pierre Maransin was a Général de Division of the First French Empire who saw action during the Peninsular War. He was made Colonel of the 1st Legion du Midi on 27 January 1807 and promoted to Général de Brigade on 8 November 1808. He fought at the Battle of Albuera on 16 May 1811...
(3196)- Brigade Barbot: 4th Light (1 bn), 40th (2 bns) and 50th (1 bn) Line
- Brigade Rouget: 27th, 34th and 59th Line (1 bn each)
- 6th Division: Eugene-Casimir VillatteEugene-Casimir VillatteEugène-Casimir Villatte, Comte d'Oultremont fought in the French army during the Wars of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. He rose to command a division at many of the important battles in the Peninsular War...
(4270)- Brigade Saint-Pol: 21st Light, 86th, 96th and 100th Line (1 bn each)
- Brigade Lamorandière: 28th Light (1 bn), 103rd (1 bn) and 119th (2 bns) Line
- 8th Division: Jean Isidore HarispeJean Isidore HarispeJean Isidore Harispe, 1st Comte Harispe was a distinguished French soldier of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as well as a of the following period. Harispe was created a Marshal of France in 1851.-Early life:...
(4250)- Brigade Dauture: 9th, 25th and 34th Light (2 bns each)
- Brigade Baurot: 10th Light (2 bns), 45th, 81st, 115th, 116th and 117th Line (1 bn each)
- Reserve Division: Jean-Pierre TravotJean-Pierre TravotJean Pierre Travot was a French general and nobleman, the son of Philibert Travot and Catherine Guodefin.-Life:...
(7267)- Brigade Pourailly: 4 bns conscripts
- Brigade Vuillemont: 4 bns conscripts
- Cavalry: Pierre Soult (2700)
- Brigade Berton: 2nd Hussars, 13th and 21st Chasseurs
- Brigade Vial: 5th, 10th, 15th and 22nd Chasseurs
- Artillery, Engineers, Other: (4350)
Books
- Chandler, David. Dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars. New York: Macmillan, 1979. ISBN 0-02-523670-9
- Glover, Michael. The Peninsular War 1807-1814. London: Penguin, 2001. ISBN 0-141-39041-7
- Smith, Digby. The Napoleonic Wars Data Book. London: Greenhill, 1998. ISBN 1-85367-276-9
- Oman, Charles. Wellington's Army, 1809-1814. London: Greenhill, (1913) 1993. ISBN 0-947898-41-7