Vermes in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
Encyclopedia
In 1758, in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, the Swedish scientist
and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus described the class
"Vermes
" as:
Linnaean Characteristics
The class Vermes, as Linnaeus conceived it, was a rather diverse and mismatched grouping of animals; basically it served as a wastebasket taxon for any invertebrate species that was not an arthropod. With the advent of the scientific understanding of evolution, it became clear that many of the animals in these groups were not in fact closely related, and so the class Vermes was dropped for several (at least 30) phyla.
)
Furia
and Linnaeus himself, it is now accepted that no such animal exists.
Lumbricus (earthworm
s)
– common earthworm Lumbricus marinus – lugworm
Ascaris (giant intestinal roundworms
)
Fasciola (liver fluke
s)
Fasciola intestinalis
Hirudo (leech
es)
Myxine (hagfish
es)
Teredo (shipworm
s)
)
Limax flavus – Limax flavus, the Yellow Slug
Doris (dorid nudibranchs)
Tethys (tethydid sea slugs
)
Nereis (polychaete worms
)
Aphrodita (sea mice
)
Lernaea (anchor worms
)
Priapus (priapulid worms
& anemone
s)
Priapus humanus – Priapulus caudatus
Scyllaea (scyllaeid sea slugs
)
Holothuria (salp
s & Man o' Wars
)
Holothuria thalia, Holothuria caudata, & Holothuria denudata – Cyclosalpa pinnata
Triton (triton snails)
Sepia (octopuses, squid
, & cuttlefish
)
, the Common Squid Sepia sepiola - Sepiola rondeleti, the Dwarf Bobtail
Medusa (jellyfish
)
Medusa cruciata Medusa aequorea Medusa aurita – Aurelia aurita
, the Moon Jellyfish Medusa capillata – Cyanea capillata, the Lion's Mane Jellyfish Medusa pilearis Medusa marsupialis - Carybdea marsupialis Medusa pelagica Medusa brachiata Medusa beroe Medusa velella - Velella velella
Asterias (starfish)
, the Red Cushion Sea Star Asterias nodosa – Protoreaster nodosus
, the Horned Sea Star Asterias aranciaca - Astropecten aranciacus Asterias equestris - Hippasteria phrygiana
Asterias laevigata – Linckia laevigata
, the Blue Star Asterias planci – Acanthaster planci, the Crown-of-thorns Starfish Asterias ophiura - Ophiura ophiura
, the Brittle-Star Asterias pectinata - Comatula pectinata Asterias multiradiata - Capillaster multiradiata Asterias Caput medusae - Gorgonocephalus caputmedusae
Echinus (sea urchins & sand dollar
s)
, the Black Sea Urchin Echinus saxatilis Echinus diadema – Echinothrix diadema
, the Diadema Yrchin Echinus cidaris – Cidaris cidaris Echinus mamillatus – Heterocentrotus mammillatus
, the Slate Pencil Yrchin Echinus lucunter - Echinometra lucunter Echinus atratus - Colobocentrotus atratus Echinus spatagus - Metalia spatagus Echinus lacunosus - Schizaster lacunosus Echinus rosaceus – Clypeaster rosaceus Echinus reticulatus - Clypeaster reticulatus Echinus placenta - Arachnoides placenta Echinus orbiculus - Hemiheliopsis fonti
s)
– West Indian green chiton Chiton aculeatus Chiton punctatus
Lepas (barnacle
s)
Lepas tintinnabulum – Megabalanus tintinnabulum Lepas testudinaria – Chelonibia testudinaria Lepas mitella – Capitulum mitella Lepas anatifera
Pholas (piddocks & angelwings)
Pholas costatus Pholas striatus Pholas candidus – Barnea candida
Pholas pusillus
Myes (soft-shell clams
)
Myes arenaria – common softshell Myes lutraria Myes pictorum Myes margaritifera Myes perna
Solen (razor clams
)
Solen ensis Solen legumen Solen cultellus Solen radiatus Solen strigilatus Solen anatinus Solen bullatus Solen inaequivalvis
Tellina (tellins
)
Tellina pisiformis Tellina divaricata Tellina digitaria Tellina cornea
Cardium (cockles
)
Donax (wedge shells
)
Venus (Venus clams
)
Venus casina Venus gallina – Chamelea gallina
Venus petulca Venus erycina Venus mercenaria – hard clam
Venus chione Venus maculata Venus meretrix Venus scortum Venus laeta Venus castrensis Venus phryne Venus meroë Venus deflorata Venus fimbriata Venus reticulata Venus squamosa Venus tigerina Venus prostrata Venus pensylvanica Venus incrustata Venus punctata Venus exoleta Venus orbicularis Venus ziczac Venus pectinata Venus scripta Venus edentula Venus lupinus Venus literata Venus rotundata Venus decussata
Spondylus (thorny oysters
)
Chama (jewel box shells
)
Arca (ark clam
s)
Ostrea (true oysters
)
Anomia (saddle oysters
)
Mytilus – (Mussels including marine and freshwater mussels)
Mytilus unguis Mytilus lithophagus Mytilus bilocularis Mytilus exustus Mytilus barbatus Mytilus edulis – blue mussel
Mytilus ungulatus Mytilus modiolus Mytilus cygneus – swan mussel
(a freshwater mussel) Mytilus anatinus – duck mussel
(a freshwater mussel) Mytilus viridis Mytilus ruber Mytilus hirundo
Pinna (pen shells
)
Argonauta (paper nautiluses
)
Argonauta cymbium
Nautilus (Nautilus
es)
Nautilus crista Nautilus calcar Nautilus crispus Nautilus beccarii Nautilus umbilicatus Nautilus spirula – Spirula spirula Nautilus Semi-Lituus Nautilus obliqvus Nautilus raphanistrum Nautilus raphanus Nautilus granum Nautilus radicula Nautilus fascia Nautilus sipunculus Nautilus legumen Nautilus orthocera
Conus (Cone Snails
)
Conus imperialis – imperial cone
Conus litteratus – lettered cone
Conus virgo
Conus capitaneus
Conus miles
Conus princeps
Conus ammiralis
Conus senator Conus nobilis
Conus genuanus
Conus glaucus
Conus monachus – Conus achatinus
Conus minimus Conus rusticus Conus mercator
Conus betulinus
Conus figulinus
Conus ebraeus – black-and-white cone
Conus stercus muscarum – Conus stercusmuscarum
Conus varius
Conus spinosus Conus clavus Conus nussatella – Nussatella cone
Conus granulatus – Glory-of-the-Atlantic cone
Conus aurisiacus
Conus magus
Conus striatus – striated cone
Conus textile – cloth of gold cone
Conus aulicus
Conus spectrum
Conus bullatus – bubble cone
Conus tulipa
Conus geographus – geography cone
Conus terebellum – Terebellum terebellum
Cypraea (Cowries
)
Cypraea arabica – Arabian cowry
Cypraea argus
Cypraea testudinaria – turtle cowry Cypraea stercoraria Cypraea carneola – Carnelian cowry
Cypraea zebra – measled cowry Cypraea talpa – mole cowry Cypraea amethystea Cypraea lurida Cypraea vanelli Cypraea lota Cypraea fragilis Cypraea caput serpentis – serpent's-head cowry Cypraea mauritiana – humpback cowry
Cypraea vitellus
Cypraea mus Cypraea tigris – tiger cowry
Cypraea lynx Cypraea isabella – Luria isabella
Cypraea onyx Cypraea succincta Cypraea ziczac Cypraea hirundo Cypraea asellus Cypraea cribraria Cypraea errones Cypraea moneta – money cowry
Cypraea caurica Cypraea annulus – gold ringer Cypraea erosa – gnawed cowry Cypraea helvola – honey cowry Cypraea spurca Cypraea stolida – stolid cowry Cypraea ocellata Cypraea flaveola Cypraea poraria Cypraea pediculus Cypraea nucleus Cypraea staphylaea – stippled cowry Cypraea cicercula Cypraea globulus
Bulla (bubble shells)
Voluta (volutes
)
Voluta mendicaria Voluta tringa Voluta cornicula Voluta caffra Voluta sanguisuga Voluta vulpecula Voluta plicaria Voluta pertusa Voluta mitra episcopalis Voluta mitra papalis Voluta musica – music volute
Voluta vespertilio Voluta ebraea – Hebrew volute
oluta aethiopica – Melo aethiopica
Voluta cymbium Voluta olla
Buccinum (true whelks
)
Buccinum galea Buccinum perdix Buccinum pomum – Malea pomum
Buccinum dolium Buccinum echinophorum Buccinum tuberosum Buccinum plicatum Buccinum cornutum Buccinum rufum Buccinum flammeum Buccinum testiculus Buccinum decussatum Buccinum areola Buccinum erinaceus Buccinum glaucum Buccinum vibex Buccinum papillosum Buccinum glans Buccinum arcularia – Nassarius arcularia
Buccinum pullus – Nassa pulla Buccinum gibbosulum Buccinum mutabile Buccinum neriteum Buccinum harpa – Harpa harpa
Buccinum costatum – Harpa costata
Buccinum persicum – Purpura persica
Buccinum patulum Buccinum lapillus – dog whelk
Buccinum smaragdulus – Leucozonia smaragdula Buccinum spiratum Buccinum glabratum Buccinum virgineum Buccinum praemorsum Buccinum undosum – Cantharus undosus
Buccinum undatum – common whelk
Buccinum reticulatum Buccinum scabriculum Buccinum nitidulum Buccinum laevigatum Buccinum maculatum – Acus maculata
Buccinum crenulatum Buccinum hecticum – Impages hectica
Buccinum strigilatum – Hastula strigilata
Buccinum duplicatum – Duplicaria duplicata
Buccinum dimidiatum – Acus dimidiata
Buccinum murinum
Strombus (true conchs
)
Strombus chiragra – Lambis chiragra
Strombus scorpius – Lambis scorpius
Strombus lambis – Lambis lambis
Strombus millepeda – Lambis millepeda
Strombus lentiginosus – silver conch
Strombus gallus – Aliger gallus Strombus auris dianae – Strombus aurisdianae
Strombus pugilis – West Indian fighting conch
Strombus marginatus
Strombus luhuanus – strawberry conch
Strombus gibberulus – humpbacked conch
Strombus lucifer Strombus gigas – Eustrombus gigas Strombus latissimus Strombus epidromis
Strombus canarium
Strombus vittatus Strombus urceus
Strombus dentatus
Strombus ater Strombus lividus
Murex (Murex Snails
)
Murex tribulus
Murex cornutus – Bolinus cornutus
Murex brandaris – purple dye murex
Murex trunculus – banded dye murex
Murex ramosus – ramose murex
Murex scorpio – scorpion murex
Murex saxatilis
Murex erinaceus – European sting winkle
Murex rana – Bufonaria rana
Murex gyrinus – Gyrineum gyrinum
Murex lampas – Charonia lampas
Murex oleariú
Murex femorale – Cymatium femorale
Murex lotoriú – Lotoria lotoria
Murex pileare
Murex rubecula – Septa rubecula
Murex scrobilator – Bursa scrobilator
Murex reticularis – Distorsio reticularis
Murex pyrum – Ranularia pyrum
Murex anus – Distorsio anus
Murex ricinus
Murex capitellum
Murex turbinellus
Murex nodus
Murex hystrix
Murex mancinella – Purpura mancinella
Murex ceramicus
Murex hippocastanum – Thais virgata
Murex melongena
Murex scabriculus
Murex senticosus
Murex ficus – Ficus ficus
Murex rapa
Murex granum
Murex fusus
Murex babylonius
Murex colus – distaff spindle
Murex morio
Murex cochlidium
Murex canaliculatus
Murex aruanus – Australian trumpet
Murex perversus
Murex antiqvus
Murex despectus
Murex tritonis
Murex tulipa – Fasciolaria tulipa
Murex pusio
Murex corneus
Murex ligniarius – Fasciolaria lignaria
Murex trapezium – Pleuroploca trapezium
Murex syracusanus – Fusinus syracusanus
Murex craticulatus – Turrilatirus craticulatus
Murex scriptus
Murex aluco – Pseudovertagus aluco
Murex fuscatus
Murex radula
Murex asper – Rhinoclavis aspera
Murex granulatus
Trochus (top snails
)
Turbo (turban snails
)
Helix (land snails
)
Neritha (nerites
)
Haliotis (abalone
s)
Patella (true limpets
& brachiopod
s)
Dentalium (tusk shell
s)
Serpula (serpulid worms
)
s)
Millepora (Fire coral
s)
Madrepora (stone corals
)
)
Gorgonia (sea fans)
Alcyonium (tunicate
s)
Tubularia (Tubularia
)
Eschara (Bryozoa
)
Corallina (coralline algae
)
Sertularia (Bryozoa
)
Hydra
Pennatula (sea pen
s)
Taenia (tapeworms)
Volvox
Scientist
A scientist in a broad sense is one engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge. In a more restricted sense, a scientist is an individual who uses the scientific method. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science. This article focuses on the more restricted use of the word...
and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus described the class
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, order, family, genus, and species, with class fitting between phylum and order...
"Vermes
Vermes
Vermes is an obsolete taxon used by Carolus Linnaeus and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck for all non-arthropod invertebrate animals. In Linnaeus system the group had the rank of class, occupying the 6th slot of his animal systematics...
" as:
Animals of slow motion, soft substance, able to increase their bulk and restore parts which have been destroyed, extremely tenatious of life, and the inhabitants of moist places. Many of them are without a distinct head, and most of them without feet. They are principally distinguished by their tentacles (or feelers). By the Ancients they were not improperly called imperfect animals, as being destitute of ears, nose, head, eyes and legs; and are therefore totally distinct from Insects.
Linnaean Characteristics
- Heart: 1 auricle, 0 ventricles. Cold, puss-like blood.
- Spiracles: obscure
- Jaw: various
- Penis: frequently hermaphrodites
- Organs of Sense: tentacles (generally), eyes, no brain, no ears, no nostrils
- Covering: calcareous or none, except spines
- Supports: no feet, no fins. Crawls in Moise Places & are Mute
The class Vermes, as Linnaeus conceived it, was a rather diverse and mismatched grouping of animals; basically it served as a wastebasket taxon for any invertebrate species that was not an arthropod. With the advent of the scientific understanding of evolution, it became clear that many of the animals in these groups were not in fact closely related, and so the class Vermes was dropped for several (at least 30) phyla.
Intestina
Gordius (horsehair wormsNematomorpha
Nematomorpha is a phylum of parasitic animals that are superficially morphologically similar to nematode worms, hence the name. They range in size in most species from long and can reach in extreme cases up to 2 metres, and in diameter...
)
Dracunculus medinensis
Dracunculus medinensis is a nematode that causes dracunculiasis.Dracunculiasis, also known as Guinea worm disease, is caused by the large female nematode, Dracunculus medinensis, which is among the longest nematodes infecting humans. The adult female is primarily larger than the adult male. The...
Furia
Daniel Solander
Daniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Solander was the first university educated scientist to set foot on Australian soil.-Biography:...
and Linnaeus himself, it is now accepted that no such animal exists.
Lumbricus (earthworm
Earthworm
Earthworm is the common name for the largest members of Oligochaeta in the phylum Annelida. In classical systems they were placed in the order Opisthopora, on the basis of the male pores opening posterior to the female pores, even though the internal male segments are anterior to the female...
s)
Lumbricus terrestris
Lumbricus terrestris is a large reddish worm native to Europe, but now also widely distributed elsewhere around the world due to human introductions...
– common earthworm Lumbricus marinus – lugworm
Lugworm
The lugworm or sandworm, Arenicola marina, is a large marine worm of the phylum Annelida. Its coiled castings are a familiar sight on a beach at low tide but the animal itself is rarely seen except by those who, from curiosity or to use as fishing bait, dig the worm out of the sand.When fully...
Ascaris (giant intestinal roundworms
Ascaris
Ascaris is a genus of parasitic nematode worms known as the "giant intestinal roundworms". One species, A. suum, typically infects pigs, while another, A. lumbricoides, affects human populations, typically in sub-tropical and tropical areas with poor sanitation. A...
)
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ascaris lumbricoides is the giant roundworm of humans, belonging to the phylum Nematoda. An ascarid nematode, it is responsible for the disease ascariasis in humans, and it is the largest and most common parasitic worm in humans. One-sixth of the human population is estimated to be infected by this...
Fasciola (liver fluke
Liver fluke
Liver flukes are a polyphyletic group of trematodes .Adults of liver flukes are localized in the liver of various mammals, including humans. These flatworms can occur in bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver parenchyma. They feed on blood...
s)
Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitic flatworm of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes that infects the livers of various mammals, including humans. The disease caused by the fluke is called fascioliasis . F...
Fasciola intestinalis
Hirudo (leech
Leech
Leeches are segmented worms that belong to the phylum Annelida and comprise the subclass Hirudinea. Like other oligochaetes such as earthworms, leeches share a clitellum and are hermaphrodites. Nevertheless, they differ from other oligochaetes in significant ways...
es)
Myxine (hagfish
Hagfish
Hagfish, the clade Myxini , are eel-shaped slime-producing marine animals . They are the only living animals that have a skull but not a vertebral column. Along with lampreys, hagfish are jawless and are living fossils whose next nearest relatives include all vertebrates...
es)
Atlantic hagfish
Myxine glutinosa, known as the Atlantic hagfish in North America, and often simply as the hagfish in Europe, is a species of jawless fish of the genus Myxine.-Distribution:...
Teredo (shipworm
Shipworm
Shipworms are not worms at all, but rather a group of unusual saltwater clams with very small shells, notorious for boring into wooden structures that are immersed in sea water, such as piers, docks and wooden ships...
s)
Mollusca
Limax (terrestrial slugsSlug
Slug is a common name that is normally applied to any gastropod mollusc that lacks a shell, has a very reduced shell, or has a small internal shell...
)
Deroceras agreste
Deroceras agreste is a species of air-breathing land slug, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Agriolimacidae.This species is considered to be a pest.-Distribution:This species is not listed in IUCN red list - not evaluated ....
Limax flavus – Limax flavus, the Yellow Slug
Doris (dorid nudibranchs)
Warty dorid
The warty dorid, scientific name Doris verrucosa, is a species of dorid nudibranch. It is a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Dorididae.-Distribution:This species is found in the Indian and Atlantic oceans from the high intertidal to 14 m....
Tethys (tethydid sea slugs
Tethydidae
Tethydidae is a family of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.- Taxonomy :This family is within the clade Cladobranchia and has no subfamilies ....
)
Nereis (polychaete worms
Polychaete
The Polychaeta or polychaetes are a class of annelid worms, generally marine. Each body segment has a pair of fleshy protrusions called parapodia that bear many bristles, called chaetae, which are made of chitin. Indeed, polychaetes are sometimes referred to as bristle worms. More than 10,000...
)
Aphrodita (sea mice
Sea mouse
The sea mouse, Aphrodita aculeata is a marine polychaete worm found in the North Atlantic, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean. The sea mouse normally lies buried head-first in the sand. It can live in muddy sea floors down to around 1000m.Its body is covered in a dense mat of...
)
Lernaea (anchor worms
Lernaea
Lernaea is a genus of copepod crustaceans commonly called anchor worms, parasitic on freshwater fishes. They mate during the last free-swimming stage of development...
)
Priapus (priapulid worms
Priapulida
Priapulida is a phylum of marine worms. They are named for their extensible spiny proboscis, which, in some species, may have a shape like that of a human penis...
& anemone
Sea anemone
Sea anemones are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria; they are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flower. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Zoantharia. Anthozoa often have large polyps that allow for digestion of larger...
s)
Beadlet anemone
The beadlet anemone, Actinia equina, is a common sea anemone found on rocky shores around all coasts of the United Kingdom. Its range extends to the rest of Western Europe and the Mediterranean, and probably as far as the coast of West Africa....
Priapus humanus – Priapulus caudatus
Scyllaea (scyllaeid sea slugs
Scyllaeidae
Scyllaeidae is a family of sea slugs, nudibranchs, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Tritonioidea.This family is within the clade Cladobranchia .- Taxonomy :...
)
Holothuria (salp
Salp
A salp or salpa is a barrel-shaped, planktonic tunicate. It moves by contracting, thus pumping water through its gelatinous body...
s & Man o' Wars
Portuguese Man o' War
The Portuguese Man o' War , also known as the Portuguese man-of-war, man-of-war, or bluebottle, is a jelly-like marine invertebrate of the family Physaliidae...
)
Portuguese Man o' War
The Portuguese Man o' War , also known as the Portuguese man-of-war, man-of-war, or bluebottle, is a jelly-like marine invertebrate of the family Physaliidae...
Holothuria thalia, Holothuria caudata, & Holothuria denudata – Cyclosalpa pinnata
Triton (triton snails)
Sepia (octopuses, squid
Squid
Squid are cephalopods of the order Teuthida, which comprises around 300 species. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, a mantle, and arms. Squid, like cuttlefish, have eight arms arranged in pairs and two, usually longer, tentacles...
, & cuttlefish
Cuttlefish
Cuttlefish are marine animals of the order Sepiida. They belong to the class Cephalopoda . Despite their name, cuttlefish are not fish but molluscs....
)
Loligo vulgaris
The European squid is a large squid belonging to the family Loliginidae. It occurs abundantly in coastal waters from the North Sea to at least the west coast of Africa. This species lives from sea level to depths of . Its mantle is up to long...
, the Common Squid Sepia sepiola - Sepiola rondeleti, the Dwarf Bobtail
Medusa (jellyfish
Jellyfish
Jellyfish are free-swimming members of the phylum Cnidaria. Medusa is another word for jellyfish, and refers to any free-swimming jellyfish stages in the phylum Cnidaria...
)
Porpita porpita
Porpita porpita, commonly known as the blue button, is a marine organism consisting of a colony of hydroids found in tropical waters from California to the tropical Pacific, the Atlantic and Indian oceans It is often mistaken for a jellyfish, but although jellyfish and the blue buttons are part of...
Medusa cruciata Medusa aequorea Medusa aurita – Aurelia aurita
Aurelia aurita
Aurelia aurita is one of a group of more than ten morphologically nearly identical jellyfish species in the genus Aurelia...
, the Moon Jellyfish Medusa capillata – Cyanea capillata, the Lion's Mane Jellyfish Medusa pilearis Medusa marsupialis - Carybdea marsupialis Medusa pelagica Medusa brachiata Medusa beroe Medusa velella - Velella velella
Asterias (starfish)
Oreaster reticulatus
Oreaster reticulatus, commonly known as red cushion sea star, is a species of marine invertebrate, a starfish in the family Oreasteridae.-Description:-Distribution:...
, the Red Cushion Sea Star Asterias nodosa – Protoreaster nodosus
Protoreaster nodosus
Protoreaster nodosus is a species of sea star found in the warm, shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region. Also known as "horned" or "Chocolate Chip" sea stars, they possess rows of spines or "horns"; black conical points arranged in a single row, radially on the dorsal side, which may erode and...
, the Horned Sea Star Asterias aranciaca - Astropecten aranciacus Asterias equestris - Hippasteria phrygiana
Hippasteria phrygiana
Hippasteria phrygiana is a sea star species, up to 20cm in diameter, with short arms and a large body. The upper surface is red and covered with rounded knob-like spines; the lower surface contains many macroscopic bivalved pedicellariae. It is found primarily in Scotland including the Shetland...
Asterias laevigata – Linckia laevigata
Linckia laevigata
Linckia laevigata is a species of sea star in the shallow waters of tropical Indo-Pacific. The most common color morph found is pure, dark or light blue, although one can find the aqua, purple or orange variation throughout the ocean...
, the Blue Star Asterias planci – Acanthaster planci, the Crown-of-thorns Starfish Asterias ophiura - Ophiura ophiura
Ophiuridae
Ophiuridae are a large family of brittle stars of the suborder Ophiurina.- Description :The arms are simple and unbranched, projecting from and well-fused to the edge of the disc. These arms move horizontally. The arm spines short and movable. They lie flat against the arms when stimulated, but...
, the Brittle-Star Asterias pectinata - Comatula pectinata Asterias multiradiata - Capillaster multiradiata Asterias Caput medusae - Gorgonocephalus caputmedusae
Echinus (sea urchins & sand dollar
Sand dollar
The term Sand dollar refers to species of extremely flattened, burrowing echinoids belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as sea biscuits...
s)
Arbacia lixula
The Black Sea Urchin, Arbacia lixula is a Sea Urchin found on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and Macaronesian Islands , and less commonly, on the Atlantic coast of Western Africa and the Brazilian coast....
, the Black Sea Urchin Echinus saxatilis Echinus diadema – Echinothrix diadema
Echinothrix diadema
The Diadema Urchin is a long spined urchin, with a diameter of about 8 cm. It is generally black in colour, and always dark. The spines are closed at the tip; the anal sac is spotted light and dark....
, the Diadema Yrchin Echinus cidaris – Cidaris cidaris Echinus mamillatus – Heterocentrotus mammillatus
Heterocentrotus mammillatus
This urchin, commonly known as the slate pencil urchin, red slate pencil urchin, or red pencil urchin, is found throughout the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region, but is most abundant in Hawai‘i...
, the Slate Pencil Yrchin Echinus lucunter - Echinometra lucunter Echinus atratus - Colobocentrotus atratus Echinus spatagus - Metalia spatagus Echinus lacunosus - Schizaster lacunosus Echinus rosaceus – Clypeaster rosaceus Echinus reticulatus - Clypeaster reticulatus Echinus placenta - Arachnoides placenta Echinus orbiculus - Hemiheliopsis fonti
Testacea
Chiton (chitonChiton
Chitons are small to large, primitive marine molluscs in the class Polyplacophora.There are 900 to 1,000 extant species of chitons in the class, which was formerly known as Amphineura....
s)
Chiton tuberculatus
Chiton tuberculatus is a species of chiton, a marine polyplacophoran mollusk in the family Chitonidae, the typical chitons....
– West Indian green chiton Chiton aculeatus Chiton punctatus
Lepas (barnacle
Barnacle
A barnacle is a type of arthropod belonging to infraclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea, and is hence related to crabs and lobsters. Barnacles are exclusively marine, and tend to live in shallow and tidal waters, typically in erosive settings. They are sessile suspension feeders, and have...
s)
Balanus balanus
Balanus balanus is a species of acorn barnacle in the Balanidae family. It is native to the colder seas of the northern hemisphere.-Description:...
Lepas tintinnabulum – Megabalanus tintinnabulum Lepas testudinaria – Chelonibia testudinaria Lepas mitella – Capitulum mitella Lepas anatifera
Pholas (piddocks & angelwings)
Pholas dactylus
Pholas dactylus is a luminescent clam-like species, of the genus Pholas, found on the Pacific coast of South America. It bores into gneiss...
Pholas costatus Pholas striatus Pholas candidus – Barnea candida
Barnea candida
Barnea candida is a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Pholadidae.-Description:The shell is long and covered in horizontal ribs, crossed by vertical ribs, forming a structure. On the intersections are scale formed spikes...
Pholas pusillus
Myes (soft-shell clams
Myidae
Myidae is a family of bivalve molluscs in the order Myoida.-Genera:* Cryptomya ** Cryptomya californica - California softshell* Mya Linnaeus, 1758...
)
Mya truncata
Mya truncata, common name the "blunt gaper", is a species of edible saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Myidae.-External links:*...
Myes arenaria – common softshell Myes lutraria Myes pictorum Myes margaritifera Myes perna
Solen (razor clams
Solenidae
Solenidae is a family of saltwater clams known as razor shells, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Veneroida.-Taxonomy:Originally razor shells were all classified as Solenidae. Then the genera were grouped into two sub-families, the Cultellinae and Soleninae...
)
Pod razor
The pod razor, Ensis siliqua, is a coastal bivalve of European waters. It is edible and has been exploited commercially, especially in Spain and Ireland.There is at least one subspecies: E.s. minor.-Description:...
Solen ensis Solen legumen Solen cultellus Solen radiatus Solen strigilatus Solen anatinus Solen bullatus Solen inaequivalvis
Tellina (tellins
Tellinidae
Tellinidae is a family of marine bivalve molluscs of the order Veneroida. They live under soft sediments in shallow seas.-Characteristics:Tellinids have rounded or oval, elongated shells, much flattened. The two valves are connected by a large external ligament. The two separate siphons are...
)
Macoma balthica
Macoma balthica, commonly called the Baltic macoma, Baltic clam or Baltic tellin, is a small saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Tellinidae ....
Tellina pisiformis Tellina divaricata Tellina digitaria Tellina cornea
Cardium (cockles
Cockle (bivalve)
Cockle is the common name for a group of small, edible, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Cardiidae.Various species of cockles live in sandy sheltered beaches throughout the world....
)
Donax (wedge shells
Donacidae
Donacidae, the bean clams or wedge shells, is a family of bivalve molluscs of the order Veneroida. The family is related to the Tellins.The Donacidae are prolific filter feeders, and are an important part of coastal food chains where they occur...
)
Venus (Venus clams
Veneridae
The Veneridae or venerids, also known as the Venus clams, are a very large family of minute to large, saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs. There are over 500 living species of venerid bivalves, most of which are edible, and many of which are exploited as a food source.Many of the most...
)
Warty venus
The warty venus, Venus verrucosa, is a species of saltwater clam. They are marine bivalve molluscs in the family Veneridae, sometimes known as the Venus clams.-Distribution:...
Venus casina Venus gallina – Chamelea gallina
Chamelea gallina
Chamelea gallina is a species of small saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Veneridae, the venus clams.-Taxonomy:Linnaeus originally described Venus gallina from the Mediterranean in 1758. Other zoologists may have consequently assumed that Da Costa's 1778 Pectunculus striatulus...
Venus petulca Venus erycina Venus mercenaria – hard clam
Hard clam
The hard clam , also known as a quahog , round clam, or hard-shell clam, is an edible marine bivalve mollusk which is native to the eastern shores of North America, from Prince Edward Island to the Yucatán Peninsula...
Venus chione Venus maculata Venus meretrix Venus scortum Venus laeta Venus castrensis Venus phryne Venus meroë Venus deflorata Venus fimbriata Venus reticulata Venus squamosa Venus tigerina Venus prostrata Venus pensylvanica Venus incrustata Venus punctata Venus exoleta Venus orbicularis Venus ziczac Venus pectinata Venus scripta Venus edentula Venus lupinus Venus literata Venus rotundata Venus decussata
Spondylus (thorny oysters
Spondylus
Spondylus is a genus of bivalve molluscs, the only genus in the family Spondylidae. As well as being the systematic or scientific name, Spondylus is also the most often used common name for these animals, though they are also known as thorny oysters or spiny oysters.There are many species of...
)
Chama (jewel box shells
Chamidae
Chamidae is a family of marine bivalve clams of the order Veneroida.-Genera and species:*Arcinella Schumacher, 1817**Arcinella arcinella — spiny jewelbox...
)
Arca (ark clam
Ark clam
Ark clam is the common name for a family of small to large-sized saltwater clams or marine bivalve molluscs in the family Arcidae. Ark clams vary both in shape and size. They number about 200 species worldwide....
s)
Ostrea (true oysters
Ostreidae
Ostreidae are the true oysters, and include most species that are commonly eaten under the name oyster. Pearl oysters are not true oysters and belong to the distinct order Pterioida....
)
Anomia (saddle oysters
Anomiidae
Anomiidae is a family of bivalve molluscs related to scallops and oysters, and known as anomiids. It contains seven genera.The family is known by several common names, including jingle shells, saddle oysters and mermaid's toenails....
)
Mytilus – (Mussels including marine and freshwater mussels)
Freshwater pearl mussel
The freshwater pearl mussel, scientific name Margaritifera margaritifera, is an endangered species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusc in the family Margaritiferidae....
Mytilus unguis Mytilus lithophagus Mytilus bilocularis Mytilus exustus Mytilus barbatus Mytilus edulis – blue mussel
Blue mussel
The blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, is a medium-sized edible marine bivalve mollusc in the family Mytilidae. In spite of its specific name edulis, it is not the sole edible Mytilus species.-Distribution:...
Mytilus ungulatus Mytilus modiolus Mytilus cygneus – swan mussel
Swan mussel
The swan mussel, Anodonta cygnea, is a large species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusc in the family Unionidae, the river mussels....
(a freshwater mussel) Mytilus anatinus – duck mussel
Duck mussel
Duck mussel, Anodonta anatina, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae, the river mussels.Synonym: Anodonta piscinalis Nilsson, 1823Subspecies:*Anodonta anatina anatina...
(a freshwater mussel) Mytilus viridis Mytilus ruber Mytilus hirundo
Pinna (pen shells
Pinnidae
Pinnidae is a family of large saltwater clams sometimes known as pen shells. They are marine bivalve molluscs in the order Pterioida.The shells are fragile and have a long and triangular shape, and in life they are anchored in sediment using a byssus...
)
Argonauta (paper nautiluses
Argonaut (animal)
The argonauts are a group of pelagic octopuses. They are also called paper nautiluses, referring to the paper-thin eggcase that females secrete...
)
Greater Argonaut
Argonauta argo, also known as the greater argonaut, is a species of pelagic octopus belonging to the genus Argonauta. The female of the species, like all argonauts, creates a paper-thin eggcase that coils around the octopus much like the way a nautilus lives in its shell, hence the name paper...
Argonauta cymbium
Nautilus (Nautilus
Nautilus
Nautilus is the common name of marine creatures of cephalopod family Nautilidae, the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and of its smaller but near equal suborder, Nautilina. It comprises six living species in two genera, the type of which is the genus Nautilus...
es)
Chambered Nautilus
The Chambered Nautilus, Nautilus pompilius, is the best-known species of nautilus. The shell, when cut away reveals a lining of lustrous nacre and displays a nearly perfect equiangular spiral, although it is not a golden spiral. The shell exhibits countershading, being light on the bottom and dark...
Nautilus crista Nautilus calcar Nautilus crispus Nautilus beccarii Nautilus umbilicatus Nautilus spirula – Spirula spirula Nautilus Semi-Lituus Nautilus obliqvus Nautilus raphanistrum Nautilus raphanus Nautilus granum Nautilus radicula Nautilus fascia Nautilus sipunculus Nautilus legumen Nautilus orthocera
Conus (Cone Snails
Conus
Conus is a large genus of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs, with the common names of cone snails, cone shells or cones. This genus is placed in the subfamily Coninae within the family Conidae. Geologically speaking, the genus is known from the Eocene to the Recent ...
)
Conus marmoreus
Conus marmoreus, common name the "marbled cone", is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. This is a species which is believed to feed mostly on marine molluscs including other cone snails. This snail is venomous,...
Conus imperialis – imperial cone
Conus imperialis
Conus imperialis, common name the imperial cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus litteratus – lettered cone
Conus litteratus
Conus litteratus, common name the lettered cone, is a species of sophisticated predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snail, cone shells or cones. This is an Indo-Pacific species.-External links:...
Conus virgo
Conus virgo
Conus virgo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.-External links:*...
Conus capitaneus
Conus capitaneus
Conus capitaneus, common name the captain cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus miles
Conus miles
Conus miles, common name the soldier cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus princeps
Conus princeps
Conus princeps is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus ammiralis
Conus ammiralis
Conus ammiralis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus senator Conus nobilis
Conus nobilis
Conus nobilis, common name the noble cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous....
Conus genuanus
Conus genuanus
Conus genuanus, common name the garter cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus glaucus
Conus glaucus
Conus glaucus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not...
Conus monachus – Conus achatinus
Conus achatinus
Conus achatinus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies....
Conus minimus Conus rusticus Conus mercator
Conus mercator
Conus mercator is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus betulinus
Conus betulinus
Conus betulinus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.These snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus figulinus
Conus figulinus
Conus figulinus, common name the fig cone, is a cone snail, a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies....
Conus ebraeus – black-and-white cone
Conus ebraeus
Conus ebraeus, common name the black-and-white cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.-Description:...
Conus stercus muscarum – Conus stercusmuscarum
Conus stercusmuscarum
Conus stercusmuscarum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.-External links:*...
Conus varius
Conus varius
Conus varius is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not...
Conus spinosus Conus clavus Conus nussatella – Nussatella cone
Conus nussatella
Conus nussatella, common name the Nussatella cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus granulatus – Glory-of-the-Atlantic cone
Conus granulatus
Conus granulatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus aurisiacus
Conus aurisiacus
Conus aurisiacus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus magus
Conus magus
Conus magus, common name the magical cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus striatus – striated cone
Conus striatus
Conus striatus, common name the striated cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.These snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus textile – cloth of gold cone
Conus textile
Conus textile, common name the cloth of gold cone is a venomous species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. The species is extremely dangerous to humans.-Distribution:C...
Conus aulicus
Conus aulicus
Conus aulicus, common name the princely cone, is a species of a predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones.-Description:...
Conus spectrum
Conus spectrum
Conus spectrum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or...
Conus bullatus – bubble cone
Conus bullatus
Conus bullatus, common name the bubble cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus tulipa
Conus tulipa
Conus tulipa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous...
Conus geographus – geography cone
Conus geographus
Cnous geographus, common name the geography cone, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. Although all cone snails hunt and kill prey using venom, the venom of this species is known to be especially potent...
Conus terebellum – Terebellum terebellum
Terebellum terebellum
Terebellum terebellum, common name the Terebellum conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Seraphsidae, the true conchs.-References:...
Cypraea (Cowries
Cypraeidae
Cypraeidae, common name the cowries , is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cypraeoidea, the cowries and cowry allies.-Shell description:...
)
Leporicypraea mappa
Leporicypraea mappa , common name the map cowry, is a species of cowry, a sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. It is considered an economically important species in the Indo-West Pacific, usually collected both for food and shell trading...
Cypraea arabica – Arabian cowry
Cypraea arabica
Mauritia arabica, common name the Arabian cowry, is a species of cowry, a sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries...
Cypraea argus
Cypraea argus
Arestorides argus , common name : the eyed cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Subspecies:Two subspecies are recognized :* Arestorides argus argus...
Cypraea testudinaria – turtle cowry Cypraea stercoraria Cypraea carneola – Carnelian cowry
Cypraea carneola
Lyncina carneola, common name the Carnelian cowrie, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Description: These cowries reach of length...
Cypraea zebra – measled cowry Cypraea talpa – mole cowry Cypraea amethystea Cypraea lurida Cypraea vanelli Cypraea lota Cypraea fragilis Cypraea caput serpentis – serpent's-head cowry Cypraea mauritiana – humpback cowry
Cypraea mauritiana
Mauritia mauritiana, common name the Humpback Cowry or the Chocolate Cowry or the Mourning Cowry or the Mauritius Cowry, is a species of tropical sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries....
Cypraea vitellus
Cypraea vitellus
Lyncina vitellus, common name : the Calf Cowry or the Pacific Deer Cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Subspecies and formae:...
Cypraea mus Cypraea tigris – tiger cowry
Cypraea tigris
Cypraea tigris, commonly known as the tiger cowry, is a species of cowry, a large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Taxonomy:...
Cypraea lynx Cypraea isabella – Luria isabella
Luria isabella
Luria isabella, common name the Isabel's Cowry or Fawn-coloured Cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.-Description:...
Cypraea onyx Cypraea succincta Cypraea ziczac Cypraea hirundo Cypraea asellus Cypraea cribraria Cypraea errones Cypraea moneta – money cowry
Cypraea moneta
Monetaria moneta, commonly known as the money cowry, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries....
Cypraea caurica Cypraea annulus – gold ringer Cypraea erosa – gnawed cowry Cypraea helvola – honey cowry Cypraea spurca Cypraea stolida – stolid cowry Cypraea ocellata Cypraea flaveola Cypraea poraria Cypraea pediculus Cypraea nucleus Cypraea staphylaea – stippled cowry Cypraea cicercula Cypraea globulus
Bulla (bubble shells)
Voluta (volutes
Volutidae
Volutidae, common name volutes, are a taxonomic family of predatory sea snails that range in size from 9 mm to over 500 mm, marine gastropod mollusks...
)
Mitra paupercula
Mitra paupercula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mitridae, the miters or miter snails.-Distribution:...
Voluta mendicaria Voluta tringa Voluta cornicula Voluta caffra Voluta sanguisuga Voluta vulpecula Voluta plicaria Voluta pertusa Voluta mitra episcopalis Voluta mitra papalis Voluta musica – music volute
Voluta musica
Voluta musica, common name the Music volute, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes...
Voluta vespertilio Voluta ebraea – Hebrew volute
Voluta ebraea
Voluta ebraea, common name the Hebrew volute, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae, the volutes. The Hebrew volute is endemic to Brazil, where it its collected both for food and for its shell, which is highly desired for ornamental purposes...
oluta aethiopica – Melo aethiopica
Melo aethiopica
Melo aethiopica, common name the crowned baler, is a very large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Volutidae, the volutes.- External links :*...
Voluta cymbium Voluta olla
Buccinum (true whelks
Buccinidae
Buccinidae is a very large and diverse taxonomic family of large sea snails, often known as whelks or true whelks.True whelks are mostly marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda...
)
Tonna galea
Tonna galea is a very large species of sea snail or tun snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Tonnidae, the tun shells.- Description :The maximum recorded shell length is 190 mm....
Buccinum galea Buccinum perdix Buccinum pomum – Malea pomum
Malea pomum
Malea pomum is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tonnidae, the tun shells....
Buccinum dolium Buccinum echinophorum Buccinum tuberosum Buccinum plicatum Buccinum cornutum Buccinum rufum Buccinum flammeum Buccinum testiculus Buccinum decussatum Buccinum areola Buccinum erinaceus Buccinum glaucum Buccinum vibex Buccinum papillosum Buccinum glans Buccinum arcularia – Nassarius arcularia
Nassarius arcularia
Nassarius arcularius, common name : the casket nassa, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Nassariidae, the Nassa mud snails or dog whelks.There are two subspecies :...
Buccinum pullus – Nassa pulla Buccinum gibbosulum Buccinum mutabile Buccinum neriteum Buccinum harpa – Harpa harpa
Harpa harpa
Harpa harpa, common name the true harp, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Harpidae, the harp snails....
Buccinum costatum – Harpa costata
Harpa costata
Harpa costata, common name the ribbed harp, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Harpidae, the harp snails....
Buccinum persicum – Purpura persica
Purpura persica
Purpura persica , common name : the Persian purpura, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.-Distribution:...
Buccinum patulum Buccinum lapillus – dog whelk
Dog Whelk
The dog whelk, dogwhelk, or Atlantic dogwinkle, scientific name Nucella lapillus, is a species of predatory sea snail, a carnivorous marine gastropod mollusc in the family Muricidae, the rock snails....
Buccinum smaragdulus – Leucozonia smaragdula Buccinum spiratum Buccinum glabratum Buccinum virgineum Buccinum praemorsum Buccinum undosum – Cantharus undosus
Cantharus undosus
Pollia undosa, common name : the waved goblet, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Buccinidae, the true whelks.-Description:The shell size varies between 20 mm and 45 mm-Distribution:...
Buccinum undatum – common whelk
Buccinum undatum
Buccinum undatum, known as the common whelk, is a large edible marine gastropod in the family Buccinidae, the "true whelks".-Distribution:...
Buccinum reticulatum Buccinum scabriculum Buccinum nitidulum Buccinum laevigatum Buccinum maculatum – Acus maculata
Acus maculata
Oxymeris maculata, common name the Crenulate Auger, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.-Distribution:...
Buccinum crenulatum Buccinum hecticum – Impages hectica
Impages hectica
Impages hectica is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails....
Buccinum strigilatum – Hastula strigilata
Hastula strigilata
Hastula strigilata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails....
Buccinum duplicatum – Duplicaria duplicata
Duplicaria duplicata
Duplicaria duplicata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails....
Buccinum dimidiatum – Acus dimidiata
Acus dimidiata
Oxymeris dimidiata, common name : the Orange Auger, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.-Distribution:...
Buccinum murinum
Strombus (true conchs
Strombidae
Strombidae, commonly known as the true conchs, is a taxonomic family of medium-sized to very large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Stromboidea....
)
Aporrhais pespelecani
Aporrhais pespelecani, common name the "pelican's foot", is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Aporrhaidae.In the early 20th century the scientific name was sometimes written with a hyphen and spelled "pes-pelicani"...
Strombus chiragra – Lambis chiragra
Lambis chiragra
Harpago chiragra, common name the Chiragra spider conch, is a species of very large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs. - Shell description :...
Strombus scorpius – Lambis scorpius
Lambis scorpius
Lambis scorpius, common name the scorpion conch or scorpion spider conch, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs...
Strombus lambis – Lambis lambis
Lambis lambis
Lambis lambis, common name the spider conch, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs. -Shell description:...
Strombus millepeda – Lambis millepeda
Lambis millepeda
Lambis millepeda, common name : the Millipede Spider Conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.-Description:The size of an adult shell varies between 90 mm and 150 mm.-Distribution:...
Strombus lentiginosus – silver conch
Strombus lentiginosus
Lentigo lentiginosus, common name the silver conch, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs...
Strombus gallus – Aliger gallus Strombus auris dianae – Strombus aurisdianae
Strombus aurisdianae
Euprotomus aurisdianae, common name the Diana conch, is a species of small to medium sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.-Shell description:...
Strombus pugilis – West Indian fighting conch
Strombus pugilis
Strombus pugilis, common names the fighting conch, or the West Indian fighting conch, is a species of medium to large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs....
Strombus marginatus
Strombus marginatus
Margistrombus marginatus, common name: the Marginate Conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs. -Distribution:...
Strombus luhuanus – strawberry conch
Strombus luhuanus
Conomurex luhuanus, common name the Strawberry conch, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs. - Shell description :...
Strombus gibberulus – humpbacked conch
Strombus gibberulus
Gibberulus gibberulus, common name the humpbacked conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.There are two subspecies :* Gibberulus gibberulus albus...
Strombus lucifer Strombus gigas – Eustrombus gigas Strombus latissimus Strombus epidromis
Strombus epidromis
Labiostrombus epidromis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs....
Strombus canarium
Strombus canarium
Laevistrombus canarium, commonly known as the dog conch and still better known under its synonym Strombus canarium, is a species of edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs. An Indo-Pacific species, L. canarium lives on mud and sandy bottoms,...
Strombus vittatus Strombus urceus
Strombus urceus
Canarium urceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.There are two subspecies :* Canarium urceus incisum Canarium urceus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.There are two...
Strombus dentatus
Strombus dentatus
Tridentarius dentatus, common name : the Toothed Conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Strombidae, the true conchs.-Distribution:...
Strombus ater Strombus lividus
Murex (Murex Snails
Muricidae
Muricidae, common name murex snails or rock snails, is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails. With approximately 1,600 living species the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neogastropoda. Additionally, 1,200 fossil species have been recognised...
)
Haustellum haustellum
Haustellum haustellum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.. It is the type species of the genus Haustellum Schumacher, 1817.-Distribution:...
Bolinus cornutus
Bolinus cornutus, or Horned Murex, is a predatory species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, often referred to as the murex or rock snails. It is common along the west coast of Africa, where it prefers moderately shallow waters...
Hexaplex trunculus
Hexaplex trunculus is a medium-sized species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex shells or rock snails....
Chicoreus ramosus
Chicoreus ramosus, common name the ramose murex or branched murex, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails...
Homalocantha scorpio
Homalocantha scorpio, common name the scorpion murex, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails....
Ocenebra erinacea
Ocenebra erinacea is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex and rock snails....
Bufonaria rana
Bufonaria rana is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Bursidae, the frog shells....
Gyrineum gyrinum
Gyrineum gyrinum is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons....
Charonia lampas
Charonia lampas is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons....
Cymatium femorale
Cymatium femorale is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons....
Lotoria lotoria
Lotoria lotoria is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons....
Septa rubecula
Septa rubecula, common name : the ruby triton or the red redbreast triton, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons.-Description:...
Bursa scrobilator
Bursa scrobilator is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Bursidae, the frog shells....
Distorsio reticularis
Distorsio reticularis is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Personidae, the Distortio snails....
Ranularia pyrum
Ranularia pyrum, common name : the pear triton, is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ranellidae, the triton snails, triton shells or tritons.-Description:...
Distorsio anus
Distorsio anus, common name the common distorsio, is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Personidae, the Distortio snails....
Purpura mancinella
Purpura mancinella is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails....
Thais virgata
Thais virgata, common name : the aculeate rock shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.-Distribution:...
Ficus ficus
Ficus ficus or the paper fig shell is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ficidae, the fig shells.-Description:...
Fusinus colus
Fusinus colus, common name the Distaff spindle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies....
Syrinx aruanus
Syrinx aruanus, common name the Australian trumpet or false trumpet, is a species of extremely large sea snail measuring up to 91 cm long and weighing up to 18 kg...
Fasciolaria tulipa
Fasciolaria tulipa, common name the true tulip, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae.-Distribution:...
Fasciolaria lignaria
Fasciolaria lignaria is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies....
Pleuroploca trapezium
Pleuroploca trapezium, common name : the trapezium horse conch, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies....
Fusinus syracusanus
Fusinus syracusanus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fasciolariidae, the spindle snails, the tulip snails and their allies....
Pseudovertagus aluco
Pseudovertagus aluco is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae....
Rhinoclavis aspera
Rhinoclavis aspera is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cerithiidae.-External links:...
Trochus (top snails
Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top snails, are a taxonomic family of very small to large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Vetigastropoda ....
)
- Trochus maculatus – maculated top shellTrochus maculatusTrochus maculatus, common name the maculated top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails....
- Trochus perspectivus
- Trochus hybridus
- Trochus cruciatus
- Trochus pharaonius – strawberry top shellClanculus pharaoniusClanculus pharaonius, common name the strawberry topshell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails....
- Trochus magus
- Trochus modulus
- Trochus muricatus
- Trochus scaber
- Trochus varius – Gibbula variaGibbula variaGibbula varia is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.-Description:Photo of trochophore .-External links:* Samadi L. & Steiner G....
- Trochus cinerarius
- Trochus divaricatus
- Trochus umbilicaris – Gibbula umbilicarisGibbula umbilicarisGibbula umbilicaris is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.-Description:The size of an adult shell varies between 10 mm and 25 mm. The conical shell is umbilicate. Its color is cinereous, reddish, or purplish-brown, obscurely clouded, dotted or...
- Trochus vestiarius
- Trochus labio
- Trochus tuber
- Trochus striatus
- Trochus conulus – Calliostoma conulusCalliostoma conulusCalliostoma conulus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae....
- Trochus zizyphinus – Calliostoma zizyphinumCalliostoma zizyphinumCalliostoma zizyphinum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Calliostomatidae....
- Trochus telescopium
- Trochus dolabratus
- Trochus perversus
- Trochus punctatus
- Trochus striatellus – Jujubinus striatusJujubinus striatusJujubinus striatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails....
Turbo (turban snails
Turbinidae
Turbinidae, the turban snails, are a family of small to large marine gastropods. Turbinidae have a strong, thick calcareous operculum readily distinguishing them from the somewhat similar Trochidae or top snails, which have a corneous operculum...
)
- Turbo obtusatus – flat periwinkleLittorina obtusataLittorina obtusata, common name the flat periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.-Distribution:This marine species occurs wherever brown seaweeds grow...
- Turbo neritoides
- Turbo littoreus
- Turbo muricatus – Cenchritis muricatusCenchritis muricatusCenchritis muricatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles....
- Turbo cimex
- Turbo pullusTurbo pullusTurbo pullus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails....
- Turbo personatus
- Turbo petholatusTurbo petholatusTurbo petholatus is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae....
- Turbo cochlus
- Turbo chrysostomusTurbo chrysostomusTurbo chrysostomus is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae....
- Turbo tectum persicum
- Turbo pagodus
- Turbo calcar
- Turbo marmoratus – great green turbanTurbo marmoratusTurbo marmoratus, the marbled turban or great green turban, is a large species of marine gastropod with a calcareous operculum in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. These large snails live in tropical reefs in the Indian and western Pacific oceans. They are nocturnal and feed on algae.The...
- Turbo sarmaticusTurbo sarmaticusTurbo sarmaticus is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae.-Description:...
- Turbo olearius
- Turbo pica – West Indian top shellCittarium picaCittarium pica, common name the West Indian top shell or magpie shell, is a species of large edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae. This species has a large black and white shell....
- Turbo sanguineus – Homalopoma sanguineumHomalopoma sanguineumHomalopoma sanguineum is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae....
- Turbo argyrostomusTurbo argyrostomusTurbo argyrostomus, common name the silver-mouthed turban, is a species of sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae.-Subspecies:Four subspecies have been recognized :...
- Turbo margaritaceus
- Turbo delphinus
- Turbo distortus
- Turbo scalaris
- Turbo clathrus
- Turbo crenatus
- Turbo lacteus
- Turbo striatulus
- Turbo uva
- Turbo corneus
- Turbo reflexus
- Turbo lincina
- Turbo imbricatus
- Turbo replicatusTurbo replicatusTurbo replicatus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails....
- Turbo acutangulusTurbo acutangulusTurbo acutangulus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails....
- Turbo duplicatus – Turritella duplicataTurritella duplicataTurritella duplicata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae....
- Turbo exoletus – Turritella exoletaTurritella exoletaTurritella exoleta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae....
- Turbo terebra – Turritella terebraTurritella terebraTurritella terebra is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae....
- Turbo variegatus – Turritella variegataTurritella variegataTurritella variegata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae....
- Turbo ungulinus
- Turbo annulatus – Pyrgula annulataPyrgula annulataPyrgula annulata is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae.Pyrgula annulata is the type species of the genus Pyrgula.- External links :*...
- Turbo bidens – Papillifera bidensPapillifera bidensPapillifera papillaris, also known as Papillifera bidens, is a species of small, air-breathing land snail with a clausilium, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails...
- Turbo perversus
- Turbo muscorum – Pupilla muscorumPupilla muscorumPupilla muscorum is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Pupillidae.- Taxonomy :A variety Pupilla muscorum var...
- Turbo auriscalpium
- Turbo politus
Helix (land snails
Helicidae
The Helicidae, sometimes known as the typical snails, are a taxonomic family of small to large, air-breathing, land snails. In other words, they are terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks....
)
- Helix scarabaeus
- Helix lapicida
- Helix oculus capri
- Helix albella
- Helix striatula
- Helix algira – Zonites algirusZonites algirusZonites algirus is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropodmollusk in the family Zonitidae.- Distribution :This species occurs in Turkey and other areas....
- Helix leucas
- Helix planorbis
- Helix complanata
- Helix ringens
- Helix carocolla
- Helix cornu militare
- Helix vortex
- Helix scabra – Littoraria scabraLittoraria scabraLittoraria scabra, common name : the mangrove periwinkle, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Littorinidae, the winkles or periwinkles.-Description:The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 40 mm....
- Helix gothica
- Helix gualtierana
- Helix cornea
- Helix spirorbis
- Helix contorta
- Helix cornu arietis
- Helix hispida
- Helix ampullacea
- Helix pomatia – Roman snailHelix pomatiaHelix pomatia, common names the Burgundy snail, Roman snail, edible snail or escargot, is a species of large, edible, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae...
- Helix glauca
- Helix citrina
- Helix arbustorum
- Helix ungulina
- Helix itala
- Helix hispana
- Helix lutaria – Helix lutescensHelix lutescensHelix lutescens is species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the true snails.This species of snail creates and uses calcareous love darts.-Distribution:...
- Helix perversa
- Helix janthina – common purple snailJanthina janthinaJanthina janthina, common name the common purple snail, is a species of holoplanktonic sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Janthinidae, the violet snails or purple storm snails.-Distribution:...
- Helix vivipara – Viviparus contectusViviparus contectusViviparus contectus, common name Lister's river snail, is a species of large, freshwater snail with an operculum and a gill, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Viviparidae, the river snails.-Distribution:...
a freshwater snail - Helix nemoralis – grove snailGrove snailThe grove snail or brown-lipped snail is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc...
- Helix lucorumHelix lucorumHelix lucorum is a species of large, edible, air-breathing land snail or escargot, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Helicidae, the typical snails.- Synonyms :Numerous synonyms exist for Helix lucorum:...
- Helix grisea
- Helix haemastoma
- Helix decollata – decollate snailDecollate snailThe decollate snail, scientific name Rumina decollata, is a medium-sized predatory land snail, a species of terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Subulinidae.-Distribution:...
- Helix pupa
- Helix barbara
- Helix amarula
- Helix stagnalis – great pond snailLymnaea stagnalisLymnaea stagnalis, better known as the great pond snail, is a species of large air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae.-Distribution:The distribution of this species is Holarctic...
- Helix fragilis
- Helix putris
- Helix limosa
- Helix tentaculata – common bithyniaBithynia tentaculataBithynia tentaculata, common names the mud bithynia or common bithynia, or faucet snail is a relatively small species of freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Bithyniidae....
- Helix auricularia – big-ear radixRadix auriculariaRadix auricularia, common name the big-ear radix, is a species of medium-sized freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Lymnaeidae.Radix auricularia is the type species of the genus Radix.-Forms:...
- Helix balthica
- Helix neritoidea
- Helix perspicua
- Helix haliotoidea
- Helix ambigua
Neritha (nerites
Neritidae
Neritidae, common name the nerites, is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized saltwater and freshwater snails which have a gill and a distinctive operculum, marine, brackish water and freshwater gastropod mollusks in the order Neritoida....
)
- Nerita canrena
- Nerita glaucina
- Nerita vitellus
- Nerita albumé
- Nerita mammilla
- Nerita nodosa – Thais nodosaThais nodosaThais nodosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails....
- Nerita corona
- Nerita radula
- Nerita cornea
- Nerita fluviatilis
- Nerita littoralis
- Nerita lacustris
- Nerita bidens
- Nerita viridis
- Nerita virginea
- Nerita polita
- Nerita peloronta – bleeding toothNerita pelorontaNerita peloronta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae.-Description:This shell large among nerites, is thick and short spired. Its surface may have slighty raised spiral ridges. The dark red operculum is granulated on its inner side...
- Nerita albicilla – blotched neriteNerita albicillaNerita albicilla, common name the blotched nerite, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae.-Description:...
- Nerita histrio
- Nerita plicataNerita plicataNerita plicata is a species of tropical sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae, the nerites. This species is found throughout the Indo-West Pacific.-Habitat:This species lives high up in the intertidal zone, on rocks....
- Nerita grossa
- Nerita chamaeleonNerita chamaeleonNerita chamaeleon is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae....
- Nerita undataNerita undataNerita undata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Neritidae....
- Nerita exuvia – snakeskin neriteNerita exuviaNerita exuvia, common name the "snakeskin nerite", is a medium-sized species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Neritidae, the nerites.- External links :* *...
Haliotis (abalone
Abalone
Abalone , from aulón, are small to very large-sized edible sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Haliotidae and the genus Haliotis...
s)
- Haliotis midaeHaliotis midaeHaliotis midae, known commonly as the South African abalone or the perlemoen abalone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Haliotidae, the abalones.-External links:...
- Haliotis tuberculata – green ormerGreen ormerThe green ormer, scientific name Haliotis tuberculata, is a species of edible sea snail, a coastal marine gastropod mollusc in the family Haliotidae, the abalones or ormer snails....
- Haliotis striata
- Haliotis varia
- Haliotis marmorata – virgin pauaHaliotis virgineaHaliotis virginea, Virgin Paua, is a species of edible sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Haliotidae, the abalones.- Human use :...
- Haliotis asinina – ass's ear abalone
- Haliotis parva
Patella (true limpets
Patellidae
Patellidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Patellogastropoda.Patellidae is the only family in the superfamily Patelloidea...
& brachiopod
Brachiopod
Brachiopods are a phylum of marine animals that have hard "valves" on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Brachiopod valves are hinged at the rear end, while the front can be opened for feeding or closed for protection...
s)
- Patella equestris
- Patella neritoidea
- Patella chinensis
- Patella porcellana
- Patella fornicata
- Patella laciniosa – Siphonaria laciniosa
- Patella saccharina
- Patella barbara – Scutellastra barbaraScutellastra barbaraScutellastra barbara is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.-Distribution:...
- Patella granularis – Scutellastra granularisScutellastra granularisScutellastra granularis is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.-Distribution:...
- Patella granatina – Cymbula granatinaCymbula granatinaCymbula granatina is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets....
- Patella vulgata – common limpetPatella vulgataPatella vulgata, colloquially known as the common limpet or Common European Limpet is an edible species of sea snail with gills, a typical true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Patellidae. It is endemic to the waters off western Europe.-References:* Lespinet, Nederbragt, Cassan,...
- Patella caeruleaPatella caeruleaPatella caerulea, common name Rayed Mediterranean Limpet is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.-References:...
- Patella tuberculata
- Patella ungarica
- Patella mammillaris
- Patella pectinata – striped false limpetSiphonaria pectinataSiphonaria pectinata, common name the striped false limpet, is a species of air-breathing sea snail or false limpet, a marine pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Siphonariidae, the false limpets....
- Patella lutea
- Patella unguis – Lingula anatina
- Patella lacustris
- Patella pellucida – blue-rayed limpet
- Patella testudinaria – Cellana testudinariaCellana testudinariaCellana testudinaria is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Naticidae, the moon snails.-References:...
- Patella compressa – Cymbula compressaCymbula compressaCymbula compressa is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets....
- Patella rusticaPatella rusticaPatella rustica, common name Rustic Limpet is a species of sea snail, a true limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Patellidae, one of the families of true limpets.-External links:...
- Patella fusca
- Patella notata – Clypidina notataClypidina notataClypidina notata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets....
- Patella cruciata
- Patella reticulata
- Patella fissura – common slit limpetEmarginula fissuraEmarginula fissura , the common slit limpet, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets....
- Patella pustula
- Patella graeca – Greek keyhole limpetDiodora graecaDiodora graeca , is a sea snail or limpet, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets.It was originally described by Linnaeus in 1758 as Patella graeca .-Distribution:...
- Patella nimbosa
- Patella nubecula
Dentalium (tusk shell
Tusk shell
The tusk shells or scaphopods are a class of shelled marine mollusks. The scientific name of this class is Scaphopoda, meaning "shovel-footed". Shells of species within this class range from about 0.5 to 15 cm in length...
s)
- Dentalium elephantinum
- Dentalium dentalis
- Dentalium entalis – Antalis entalis
- Dentalium minutum
Serpula (serpulid worms
Serpulidae
Serpulidae is a family of sessile, tube-building annelid worms in the class Polychaeta. The members of this family differ from the sabellid tube worms in that they have a specialized operculum that blocks the entrance of their tubes when they withdraw into the tubes. In addition, serpulids secrete...
)
- Serpula seminulum
- Serpula planorbis
- Serpula spirillum
- Serpula spirorbis
- Serpula triquetra – Pomatoceros triqueterPomatoceros triqueterPomatoceros triqueter is a species of tube-building annelid worm in the class Polychaeta. It is common on the north eastern coasts of the Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea....
- Serpula intricata
- Serpula contortuplicata
- Serpula glomerata – Petaloconchus glomeratusPetaloconchus glomeratusPetaloconchus glomeratus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells....
- Serpula lumbricalis – Petaloconchus adansoniPetaloconchus adansoniPetaloconchus adansoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells....
- Serpula arenaria – Serpulorbis arenariusSerpulorbis arenariusSerpulorbis arenarius is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails or worm shells....
- Serpula anguina – Tenagodus anguinusTenagodus anguinusTenagodus anguinus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Siliquariidae....
- Serpula penis veneris
- Serpula penicillus
- Serpula ringens
Lithophyta
Tubipora (organ pipe coralOrgan pipe coral
The Organ pipe coral is an alcyonarian coral native to the waters of the Indian Ocean and the central and western regions of the Pacific Ocean. It is the only known species of the genus Tubipora. This species is a soft coral but with a unique, hard skeleton of calcium carbonate that contains many...
s)
- Tubipora musica – Organ pipe coralOrgan pipe coralThe Organ pipe coral is an alcyonarian coral native to the waters of the Indian Ocean and the central and western regions of the Pacific Ocean. It is the only known species of the genus Tubipora. This species is a soft coral but with a unique, hard skeleton of calcium carbonate that contains many...
- Tubipora infundibuliformis
- Tubipora verrucosa
- Tubipora urceus
- Tubipora serpens
- Tubipora repens
- Tubipora arenosa
Millepora (Fire coral
Fire coral
Fire corals are colonial marine organisms that look rather like real coral. However they are technically not corals; they are actually more closely related to jellyfish and other stinging anemones...
s)
- Millepora cellulosa
- Millepora lichenoides
- Millepora damicornis
- Millepora alcicornis
- Millepora reticulata
- Millepora lineata
- Millepora compressa
- Millepora muricata
- Millepora eschara
- Millepora crustacea
Madrepora (stone corals
Scleractinia
Scleractinia, also called stony corals, are exclusively marine animals; they are very similar to sea anemones but generate a hard skeleton. They first appeared in the Middle Triassic and replaced tabulate and rugose corals that went extinct at the end of the Permian...
)
- Madrepora acetabulum – Acetabularia acetabulumAcetabulariaAcetabularia is a genus of green algae, specifically of the Polyphysaceae family, Typically found in subtropical waters, Acetabularia is a single-celled organism, but gigantic in size and complex in form, making it an excellent model organism for studying cell biology...
- Madrepora verrucaria
- Madrepora turbinata
- Madrepora fungites
- Madrepora pileus
- Madrepora maeandrites
- Madrepora labyrinthiformis
- Madrepora areolata
- Madrepora punctata
- Madrepora agaricites
- Madrepora truncata
- Madrepora stellaris
- Madrepora polygama
- Madrepora favosa
- Madrepora astroites
- Madrepora organum
- Madrepora flexuosa
- Madrepora turbinata
- Madrepora fascicularis
- Madrepora ananas
- Madrepora pertusa
- Madrepora ramea
- Madrepora rubra
- Madrepora oculata
- Madrepora virginea
Zoophyta
Isis (soft coralsAlcyonacea
The Alcyonacea, or the soft corals are an order of corals which do not produce calcium carbonate skeletons. Soft corals contain minute, spiny skeletal elements called sclerites. Aside from their scientific utility in species identification, sclerites give these corals some degree of support and...
)
- Isis hippuris
- Isis dichotoma
- Isis ocracea
- Isis anastatica
- Isis encrinus
Gorgonia (sea fans)
- Gorgonia spiralis
- Gorgonia ventalina – Common Sea Fan
- Gorgonia flabellum – Venus Sea Fan
- Gorgonia antipathes
- Gorgonia ceratophyta
- Gorgonia pinnata
- Gorgonia aenea
- Gorgonia placomus
- Gorgonia abies
Alcyonium (tunicate
Tunicate
Tunicates, also known as urochordates, are members of the subphylum Tunicata, previously known as Urochordata, a group of underwater saclike filter feeders with incurrent and excurrent siphons that is classified within the phylum Chordata. While most tunicates live on the ocean floor, others such...
s)
- Alcyonium arboreu
- Alcyonium digitatu
- Alcyonium bursa
Tubularia (Tubularia
Tubularia
Tubularia is a genus of hydroids that appear to be furry pink tufts or balls at the end of long strings, thus causing them to be sometimes be called "pink-mouthed" or "pink-hearted" hydroids. T. larynx is described as:The stems are tubular, with a yellowish coloured tegument and are branched at the...
)
- Tubularia indivisa – Tall Tubularia
- Tubularia ramosa
Eschara (Bryozoa
Bryozoa
The Bryozoa, also known as Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals, are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals. Typically about long, they are filter feeders that sieve food particles out of the water using a retractable lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles lined with cilia...
)
- Eschara foliacea
- Eschara fistulosa
- Eschara fragilis
- Eschara divaricata
- Eschara verticillata
Corallina (coralline algae
Coralline algae
Coralline algae are red algae in the order Corallinales. They are characterized by a thallus that is hard because of calcareous deposits contained within the cell walls...
)
- Corallina opuntia
- Corallina officinalis
- Corallina squamata
- Corallina corniculata
- Corallina barbata
- Corallina fragilissima
- Corallina rubens – Jania rubens
- Corallina cristata
- Corallina spermophoros
- Corallina penicillus
Sertularia (Bryozoa
Bryozoa
The Bryozoa, also known as Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals, are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals. Typically about long, they are filter feeders that sieve food particles out of the water using a retractable lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles lined with cilia...
)
- Sertularia rosacea
- Sertularia pumila
- Sertularia operculata
- Sertularia tamarisca
- Sertularia abietina
- Sertularia cupressina
- Sertularia argentea
- Sertularia avicularia
- Sertularia rugosa
- Sertularia halecina
- Sertularia thuja
- Sertularia eburnea – Crisia eburnea
- Sertularia cornuta
- Sertularia myriophyllum
- Sertularia falcata
- Sertularia pluma
- Sertularia antennina
- Sertularia verticillata
- Sertularia volubilis
- Sertularia cuscuta
- Sertularia uva – Walkeria uva
- Sertularia lendigera
- Sertularia geniculata
- Sertularia dichotoma
- Sertularia spinosa
- Sertularia pinnata
- Sertularia polyzonias
- Sertularia setacea
- Sertularia stipulata
- Sertularia pennaria
- Sertularia lichenastrum
- Sertularia cedrina
- Sertularia purpurea
- Sertularia flexuosa
- Sertularia bursaria
- Sertularia loricata
- Sertularia fastigiata
- Sertularia neritina – Bugula neritina
- Sertularia scruposa
- Sertularia reptans
- Sertularia ciliata
- Sertularia chelata
- Sertularia anguina – Aetea anguina
- Sertularia polypina
Hydra
Hydra (genus)
Hydra is a genus of simple fresh-water animal possessing radial symmetry. Hydras are predatory animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and the class Hydrozoa. They can be found in most unpolluted fresh-water ponds, lakes, and streams in the temperate and tropical regions and can be found by...
- Hydra polypus
- Hydra campanulata
- Hydra socialis
- Hydra stentoria
- Hydra pyraria
- Hydra convallaria
- Hydra crataegaria
- Hydra opercularia
- Hydra umbellaria
- Hydra berberina
- Hydra digitalis
Pennatula (sea pen
Sea pen
Sea pens are colonial marine cnidarians belonging to the order Pennatulacea. There are 14 families within the order; they are thought to have a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and temperate waters worldwide...
s)
- Pennatula phosphorea
- Pennatula filosa
- Pennatula sagitta
- Pennatula mirabilis
Taenia (tapeworms)
- Taenia solium – pork tapeworm
- Taenia vulgaris
- Taenia lata
- Taenia canina
Volvox
Volvox
Volvox is a genus of chlorophytes, a type of green algae. It forms spherical colonies of up to 50,000 cells. They live in a variety of freshwater habitats, and were first reported by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1700. Volvox developed its colonial lifestyle .-Description:Volvox is the most developed...
- Volvox globatorVolvox globatorVolvox globator is a species of the genus Volvox. It was originally described by Carolus Linnaeus in his 1758 work Systema Naturae....
- Volvox chaos - Chaos chaos