Vozhegodsky District
Encyclopedia
Vozhegodsky District is an administrative district (raion
), one of the twenty-six
in Vologda Oblast
, Russia
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vozhegodsky Municipal District. It is located in the north of the oblast
and borders with Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
in the north, Verkhovazhsky District
in the east, Syamzhensky District
in the southeast, Kharovsky District
in the south, Ust-Kubinsky District
in the southwest, and Kirillovsky District
in the west. The area of the district is 5500 square kilometres (2,123.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban type settlement of Vozhega
. District's population: 18,976 (2002 Census
); Population of Vozhega accounts for 36.0% of the district's population.
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was split between Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate
), and from 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate
(west) and Archangelgorod Governorate
(east). In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vozhegodsky District was then split between Kirillovsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate
(west) and Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
(east).
The area was sparsely populated until the end of 19th century, since it was far from all trade routes connecting Northern Russia with the White Sea
. In 1894, the construction of the railway line between Vologda and Arkhangelsk started. It was decided that the railway should run over the shortest route rather than pass through existing settlements, and it was eventually built through the present area of the district. Vozhega was founded in 1895 as a railway station.
In 1918, five uyezds of Novgorod Governorate, including Kirillovsky Uyezd, split to form Cherepovets Governorate
. In 1919, north-western parts of Kirillovsky Uyezd were transferred into Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate and Kargopol Uyezd of Olonets Governorate
. The current area of Vozhegodsky District was at this point in Kadnikovsky Uyezd.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai
, and Vozhegodsky District was established among others. It became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Vozhegodsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.
which belongs to the riner basin of the Onega
. The western and northwestern parts of the district drain into Lake Vozhe. The main tributary of the lake, the Vozhega
, has its entire course within the district. The central and eastern parts of the district drain into the Kubena River
and its tributaries. The Kubena has its source in Arkhangelsk Oblast and flows south, crossing Vozhegodsky District from the north to the south. It has its mouth in Lake Kubenskoye
and belongs to the river basin of the Sukhona
. Minor areas in the southwest and the south of the district drain into tributaries of the Kubena and into the Uftyuga, which also flows into Lake Kubenskoye. Finally, some areas in the east of the district drain east to the basin of the Vaga
. In particular, one of the main left tributaries of the Vaga, the Pezhma
, has its source located in the district. The whole area of the district belongs to the White Sea
basin.
Woods occupy 78% of the area of the district. There are three designated protected areas of local significance: the zakaznik
s Maryinsky Bor and Tsaryov Bor, as well as the Northern Orchids Natural Monument.
Much of the area of the district is covered by swamps. The biggest one is the Charonda Swamp southeast of Lake Vozhe (shared also with Ust-Kubensky and Kirillovsky Districts).
and Arkhangelsk
crosses the district from the south to the north and, in particular, there is a railway station in Vozhega.
Paved roads connect Vozhega with Konosha
(there is an unpaved stretch) in the north and Syamzha
via Kharovsk
in the south, connecting the district to the main road network. There are also local roads and local bus traffic originating from Vozhega.
The only state museum in the district is the Vozhega Regional Museum, located in the settlement of Vozhega.
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), one of the twenty-six
Administrative divisions of Vologda Oblast
Administratively, Vologda Oblast is divided into four cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-six districts.In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Vytegorsky District ....
in Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vozhegodsky Municipal District. It is located in the north of the oblast
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
and borders with Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It includes the Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya, as well as the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea....
in the north, Verkhovazhsky District
Verkhovazhsky District
Verkhovazhsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Verkhovazhsky Municipal District...
in the east, Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Syamzhensky Municipal District...
in the southeast, Kharovsky District
Kharovsky District
Kharovsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kharovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Vozhegodsky District in the north, Syamzhensky District in the east,...
in the south, Ust-Kubinsky District
Ust-Kubinsky District
Ust-Kubinsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District...
in the southwest, and Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kirillovsky Municipal District...
in the west. The area of the district is 5500 square kilometres (2,123.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban type settlement of Vozhega
Vozhega
Vozhega and the administrative center of Vozhegodsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It also serves as the administrative center of Vozhegodsky Selsoviet, although it is not part of it. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vozhegodskoye Urban Settlement, the only urban settlement in the...
. District's population: 18,976 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); Population of Vozhega accounts for 36.0% of the district's population.
History
The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoplesFinno-Ugric peoples
The Finno-Ugric peoples are any of several peoples of Europe who speak languages of the proposed Finno-Ugric language family, such as the Finns, Estonians, Mordvins, and Hungarians...
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was split between Ingermanland Governorate (known from 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate , or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1708–1927....
), and from 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate , or Government of Novgorod, was a governorate of the Russian Empire.The governorate was established in 1727 from Belozersk, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, and Velikiye Luki Provinces of the St. Petersburg Governorate and existed until 1927, when its territory was included into...
(west) and Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate , or the Government of Archangelgorod, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1708 until 1780. Its seat was in Archangel...
(east). In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796.The viceroyalty was established by a decree of Catherine II on , 1780...
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Vozhegodsky District was then split between Kirillovsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate , or Government of Novgorod, was a governorate of the Russian Empire.The governorate was established in 1727 from Belozersk, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, and Velikiye Luki Provinces of the St. Petersburg Governorate and existed until 1927, when its territory was included into...
(west) and Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate
The Vologda Governorate or Government of Vologda was a guberniya in the historical northern region of the European part of Russian Empire.In its size it was second right after the neighboring Archangelgorod Governorate...
(east).
The area was sparsely populated until the end of 19th century, since it was far from all trade routes connecting Northern Russia with the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
. In 1894, the construction of the railway line between Vologda and Arkhangelsk started. It was decided that the railway should run over the shortest route rather than pass through existing settlements, and it was eventually built through the present area of the district. Vozhega was founded in 1895 as a railway station.
In 1918, five uyezds of Novgorod Governorate, including Kirillovsky Uyezd, split to form Cherepovets Governorate
Cherepovets Governorate
Cherepovets Governorate was a governorate of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets...
. In 1919, north-western parts of Kirillovsky Uyezd were transferred into Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate and Kargopol Uyezd of Olonets Governorate
Olonets Governorate
The Olonets Governorate or Government of Olonets was a guberniya of north-western Imperial Russia, extending from Lake Ladoga almost to the White Sea, bounded W. by Finland, N. and E. by Arkhangelsk and Vologda, and S. by Novgorod and St. Petersburg...
. The current area of Vozhegodsky District was at this point in Kadnikovsky Uyezd.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai
Northern Krai
Northern Krai was a krai of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk...
, and Vozhegodsky District was established among others. It became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Vozhegodsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.
Location and geography
The area of the district is elongated from the west to the east and shared between three major river basins. The west border of the district is drawn across Lake VozheLake Vozhe
Lake Vozhe, also known as Lake Charondskoye , is a lake in the northern part of Vologda Oblast in Russia. The area of the lake is , and the are of its basin is and the area of its basin is . The average depth is around . Lake Vozhe drains through the Svid River into Lake Lacha, from which the...
which belongs to the riner basin of the Onega
Onega River
The Onega is a river in Kargopolsky, Plesetsky, and Onezhsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. The Onega connects Lake Lacha with the Onega Bay in the White Sea southwest of Arkhangelsk, flowing in the northern direction. The discharge at the source is and at the mouth is . The river is ...
. The western and northwestern parts of the district drain into Lake Vozhe. The main tributary of the lake, the Vozhega
Vozhega River
The Vozhega is a river in Vozhegodsky District in the north of Vologda Oblast in Russia, a tributary of Lake Vozhe. The Vozhega belongs to the river basin of the Onega River. It is long, and the area of its basin . The urban-type settlement of Vozhega, the administrative center of Vozhegodsky...
, has its entire course within the district. The central and eastern parts of the district drain into the Kubena River
Kubena River
The Kubena is a river in Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vozhegodsky, Syamzhensky, Kharovsky, Sokolsky, and Ust-Kubinsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its basin . The Kubena is the principal tributary of Lake Kubenskoye and belongs to the basins...
and its tributaries. The Kubena has its source in Arkhangelsk Oblast and flows south, crossing Vozhegodsky District from the north to the south. It has its mouth in Lake Kubenskoye
Lake Kubenskoye
Kubenskoe Lake is a large and shallow lake in Vologda Oblast of Russia, situated at the height of 109 metres above mean sea level, stretching for 60 km from north-west to south-east....
and belongs to the river basin of the Sukhona
Sukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
. Minor areas in the southwest and the south of the district drain into tributaries of the Kubena and into the Uftyuga, which also flows into Lake Kubenskoye. Finally, some areas in the east of the district drain east to the basin of the Vaga
Vaga River
The Vaga is a river in Totemsky, Syamzhensky, and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and in Velsky, Shenkursky, and Vinogradovsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left and the biggest tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The length of the river is . The area of its basin...
. In particular, one of the main left tributaries of the Vaga, the Pezhma
Pezhma River
The Pezhma is a river in Vozhegodsky and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and in Konoshsky and Velsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vaga River. It is long, and the area of its basin . Its main tributary is the Semzhenga .The source of the Pezhma...
, has its source located in the district. The whole area of the district belongs to the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
basin.
Woods occupy 78% of the area of the district. There are three designated protected areas of local significance: the zakaznik
Zakaznik
Zakaznik is a type of protected area in Russia and other former Soviet republics such as Ukraine that meets World Conservation Union's category III, or more frequently category VII criteria....
s Maryinsky Bor and Tsaryov Bor, as well as the Northern Orchids Natural Monument.
Much of the area of the district is covered by swamps. The biggest one is the Charonda Swamp southeast of Lake Vozhe (shared also with Ust-Kubensky and Kirillovsky Districts).
Agriculture
There are 15 farms in the district which breed cattle producing meat and milk, and grow crops, mostly to feed cattle.Transport
The railroad connecting VologdaVologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
and Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
crosses the district from the south to the north and, in particular, there is a railway station in Vozhega.
Paved roads connect Vozhega with Konosha
Konosha
Konosha is an urban locality Konosha is an urban locality Konosha is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Konosha River, south of Arkhangelsk. It also serves as the administrative center of...
(there is an unpaved stretch) in the north and Syamzha
Syamzha
Syamzha is a rural locality and the administrative center of Syamzhensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on both banks of the Syamzhena River, a tributary of the Kubena River. It also serves as the administrative center of Syamzhensky Selsoviet, one of the ten selsoviets into which the...
via Kharovsk
Kharovsk
Kharovsk is a town and the administrative center of Kharovsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,, located on the Kubena River north of Vologda. Kharovsk also serves as the administrative center of Kharovsky Selsoviet which it is administratively not part of. Municipally, it is incorporated as a...
in the south, connecting the district to the main road network. There are also local roads and local bus traffic originating from Vozhega.
Culture and recreation
The district contains seventy objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Most of these are wooden farms and chapels built prior to 1917.The only state museum in the district is the Vozhega Regional Museum, located in the settlement of Vozhega.