Kharovsky District
Encyclopedia
Kharovsky District is an administrative district (raion
), one of the twenty-six
in Vologda Oblast
, Russia
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kharovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast
and borders with Vozhegodsky District
in the north, Syamzhensky District
in the east, Sokolsky District
in the south, and Ust-Kubinsky District
in the west. The area of the district is 3600 square kilometres (1,390 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kharovsk
. District's population: 20,576 (2002 Census
); Population of Kharovsk accounts for 55.7% of the district's population.
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate
(east). In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Kharovsky District was then part of Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
.
The area was sparsely populated until the end of 19th century, since it was far from the main trade routes connecting Northern Russia with the White Sea
. In 1894, the construction of the railway line between Vologda and Arkhangelsk started. It was decided that the railway should run over the shortest route rather than pass through existing settlements, and it was eventually built through the present area of the district.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai
, and Kharovsky District was established among others. It became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kharovsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.
In 1931, Syamzhensky District
was abolished, and its area was split between Kharovsky and Totemsky Districts. In 1935, it was reestablished. During the aborted administrative reform of 1962-1965, Syamzhensky District was merged into Kharovsky District. In 1965, it was reestablished again.
. The Kubena crosses the district from the east to the west, and, in particular, the town of Kharovsk is located on the Kubena. The major tributary of the Kubena within the district is the Sit. The river basin of the Sit oeth-western part of the district. The southern part of the district belongs to the river basin of the Dvinitsa
, a left tributary of the Sukhona
. The whole area of the district thus belongs to the river basin of the Northern Dvina and to the White Sea
basin.
There are several lakes of considerable size in the district. The biggest one, Lake Katromskoye, drains into the Katroma River, which runs north-east and joins the Kubena in the east of the district.
Considerable areas within the district are covered by coniferous forests. There are swamps, in particular, in the valley of the Sit and in the south of the district.
and Arkhangelsk
crosses the district from the south to the north. The main stations within the district are Kharovskaya
and Semigorodnyaya. Semigorodnyaya was the starting point of the Semigorodnyaya Narrow Gauge Railroad, built in 1940s to facilitate transportation of timber. The network was rather extensive and went well into Syamzhensky District, with the total length of about 200 kilometres (124.3 mi). By 2000s, most of the tracks were demolished.
Roads connect Kharovsk with Syamzha
in the east and Sokol
in the south.
None of the rivers are navigable in the limits of the district.
The only museum in the district is the Kharovsk Museum of Art and History which was founded in 1967 and reopened in 2000. The museum is located in Kharovsk.
Vasily Belov
, a Russian author and a representative of the Village Prose
movement, was born in 1932 in the village of Timonikha of Kharovsky District. In 2011, a folkloric and literature festival was held in Timonikha related to the beginning of hay making season.
Cup of Russia is held in July every year in the district close to Kharovsk (in the Cup schedule, it is denoted as the Kharovsk race).
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), one of the twenty-six
Administrative divisions of Vologda Oblast
Administratively, Vologda Oblast is divided into four cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-six districts.In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Vytegorsky District ....
in Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kharovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
and borders with Vozhegodsky District
Vozhegodsky District
Vozhegodsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vozhegodsky Municipal District...
in the north, Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Syamzhensky Municipal District...
in the east, Sokolsky District
Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast
Sokolsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Sokolsky Municipal District...
in the south, and Ust-Kubinsky District
Ust-Kubinsky District
Ust-Kubinsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ust-Kubinsky Municipal District...
in the west. The area of the district is 3600 square kilometres (1,390 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kharovsk
Kharovsk
Kharovsk is a town and the administrative center of Kharovsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,, located on the Kubena River north of Vologda. Kharovsk also serves as the administrative center of Kharovsky Selsoviet which it is administratively not part of. Municipally, it is incorporated as a...
. District's population: 20,576 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); Population of Kharovsk accounts for 55.7% of the district's population.
History
The area was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoplesFinno-Ugric peoples
The Finno-Ugric peoples are any of several peoples of Europe who speak languages of the proposed Finno-Ugric language family, such as the Finns, Estonians, Mordvins, and Hungarians...
and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
. After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate
Archangelgorod Governorate , or the Government of Archangelgorod, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1708 until 1780. Its seat was in Archangel...
(east). In 1780, Arkhangelogorod Governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty
Vologda Viceroyalty was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796.The viceroyalty was established by a decree of Catherine II on , 1780...
, and in 1796 the latter was split into Arkhangelsk and Vologda Governorates. What is now Kharovsky District was then part of Kadnikovsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate
Vologda Governorate
The Vologda Governorate or Government of Vologda was a guberniya in the historical northern region of the European part of Russian Empire.In its size it was second right after the neighboring Archangelgorod Governorate...
.
The area was sparsely populated until the end of 19th century, since it was far from the main trade routes connecting Northern Russia with the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
. In 1894, the construction of the railway line between Vologda and Arkhangelsk started. It was decided that the railway should run over the shortest route rather than pass through existing settlements, and it was eventually built through the present area of the district.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into the Northern Krai
Northern Krai
Northern Krai was a krai of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1936. Its seat was in the city of Arkhangelsk...
, and Kharovsky District was established among others. It became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai. In the following years, the first-level administrative division of Russia kept changing. In 1936, the krai itself was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Kharovsky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since.
In 1931, Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District
Syamzhensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Syamzhensky Municipal District...
was abolished, and its area was split between Kharovsky and Totemsky Districts. In 1935, it was reestablished. During the aborted administrative reform of 1962-1965, Syamzhensky District was merged into Kharovsky District. In 1965, it was reestablished again.
Location and geography
Much of the area of the district belongs to the river basin of the KubenaKubena River
The Kubena is a river in Konoshsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vozhegodsky, Syamzhensky, Kharovsky, Sokolsky, and Ust-Kubinsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its basin . The Kubena is the principal tributary of Lake Kubenskoye and belongs to the basins...
. The Kubena crosses the district from the east to the west, and, in particular, the town of Kharovsk is located on the Kubena. The major tributary of the Kubena within the district is the Sit. The river basin of the Sit oeth-western part of the district. The southern part of the district belongs to the river basin of the Dvinitsa
Dvinitsa River
The Dvinitsa is a river in Kharovsky, Sokolsky, and Mezhdurechensky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Sukhona River. It is long, and the area of its basin...
, a left tributary of the Sukhona
Sukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
. The whole area of the district thus belongs to the river basin of the Northern Dvina and to the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
basin.
There are several lakes of considerable size in the district. The biggest one, Lake Katromskoye, drains into the Katroma River, which runs north-east and joins the Kubena in the east of the district.
Considerable areas within the district are covered by coniferous forests. There are swamps, in particular, in the valley of the Sit and in the south of the district.
Agriculture
The agriculture in the district is mostly concentrated on cattle breeding with milk and meat production.Transport
The railway connecting VologdaVologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
and Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
crosses the district from the south to the north. The main stations within the district are Kharovskaya
Kharovsk
Kharovsk is a town and the administrative center of Kharovsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia,, located on the Kubena River north of Vologda. Kharovsk also serves as the administrative center of Kharovsky Selsoviet which it is administratively not part of. Municipally, it is incorporated as a...
and Semigorodnyaya. Semigorodnyaya was the starting point of the Semigorodnyaya Narrow Gauge Railroad, built in 1940s to facilitate transportation of timber. The network was rather extensive and went well into Syamzhensky District, with the total length of about 200 kilometres (124.3 mi). By 2000s, most of the tracks were demolished.
Roads connect Kharovsk with Syamzha
Syamzha
Syamzha is a rural locality and the administrative center of Syamzhensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on both banks of the Syamzhena River, a tributary of the Kubena River. It also serves as the administrative center of Syamzhensky Selsoviet, one of the ten selsoviets into which the...
in the east and Sokol
Sokol, Vologda Oblast
Sokol is a town in the center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located at both banks of the Sukhona. Administratively, it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance . It also serves as the administrative center of Sokolsky District, by which it is completely surrounded but is not administratively...
in the south.
None of the rivers are navigable in the limits of the district.
Culture and recreation
The district contains twenty objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Most of these are churches built prior to 1917.The only museum in the district is the Kharovsk Museum of Art and History which was founded in 1967 and reopened in 2000. The museum is located in Kharovsk.
Vasily Belov
Vasily Belov
Vasily Ivanovich Belov is a Soviet/Russian writer, poet and dramatist, who published more than 60 books which sold 7 million copies...
, a Russian author and a representative of the Village Prose
Village Prose
Village Prose was a movement in Soviet literature beginning during the Khrushchev Thaw, which included works that focused on the Soviet rural communities. Some point to the critical essays on collectivization in Novyi mir by Valentin Ovechkin as the starting point of Village Prose, though most of...
movement, was born in 1932 in the village of Timonikha of Kharovsky District. In 2011, a folkloric and literature festival was held in Timonikha related to the beginning of hay making season.
Sports
One of the races of the MotocrossMotocross
Motocross is a form of motorcycle sport or all-terrain vehicle racing held on enclosed off road circuits. It evolved from trials, and was called scrambles, and later motocross, combining the French moto with cross-country...
Cup of Russia is held in July every year in the district close to Kharovsk (in the Cup schedule, it is denoted as the Kharovsk race).