Wu Heling
Encyclopedia
Wu Heling was a politician in the Republic of China
. He was ethnic Mongol, and participated in the Mongolian Autonomous Movement. In the end, he became an important politician in the Mongolian United Autonomous Government
and the Mongolian Autonomous Federation . His Mongolian name was Ünenbayan. He was born in Hortin Right Banner, Zhelimu League (now Horqin District
, Tongliao
), Inner Mongolia
.
Normal School in what was then Rehe Province, and afterwards the Beijing Law College. In 1918 he entered Peking University
, while he worked at the Minister of Interior, Beijing Government
. He also provided support to Prince Gungsangnorbu
of Harqin Right Banner
at the office for Mongolian and Tibetan. At that time, he also worked at Beijing Normal University
and was vice-secretary-general of the Beijing Young Christian Association. He graduated from Peking University in 1926, and not long after joined the Kuomintang
.
, National Government
. The following January he transferred to the position of Chief Office for Mongolian Affairs of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. In June 1932 he returned to his old job as the Counselor of the Commission. In March 1934 he was appointed a member of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee
and of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. In September he was appointed Chief of Counselor of the Counseling Agency, Mongolian Local Autonomy Political Council.
In May 1936 Yondonwangchug
and Demchugdongrub
established the Mongol Military Government, in which Wu also participated: he was appointed Director of the Counseling Bureau and Sub-General and to other positions. In October 1937 he was appointed President of the House of Counselors, Mongol United Autonomous Government. In September 1939 he became Counselor of the House of Counselors in that government. He was promoted to the position of Chairman of the House the following year. In 1941 he was appointed President of the House for Political Affairs, Mongolian Autonomous Federation. Later he also sat as President of the Preparatory School for Studying in Japan.
After the Mongolian Autonomous Federation collapsed, Wu returned to Chiang Kaishek's National Government, and was appointed Chief of the Advertising Association of the Military Commission. In 1949 he participated in the Western Mongolian Autonomous Movement; after the failure of this movement, he escaped to Taiwan
.
Wu died in 1980.
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
. He was ethnic Mongol, and participated in the Mongolian Autonomous Movement. In the end, he became an important politician in the Mongolian United Autonomous Government
Mengjiang
Mengjiang , also known in English as Mongol Border Land, was an autonomous area in Inner Mongolia, operating under nominal Chinese sovereignty and Japanese control. It consisted of the then-Chinese provinces of Chahar and Suiyuan, corresponding to the central part of modern Inner Mongolia...
and the Mongolian Autonomous Federation . His Mongolian name was Ünenbayan. He was born in Hortin Right Banner, Zhelimu League (now Horqin District
Horqin District
Horqin District is a district of the city of Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. The local Mongolian dialect is Khorchin.-References:*...
, Tongliao
Tongliao
Tongliao is a prefecture-level city in eastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It borders Jilin province to the east, Liaoning to the south, Chifeng to the southwest, the Xilin Gol League to the west, and the Hinggan League to the north. The city was the administrative centre of the...
), Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the northern region of the country. Inner Mongolia shares an international border with the countries of Mongolia and the Russian Federation...
.
Early life and education
Wu graduated from the ChengdeChengde
Chengde , previously known as Jehol or Re He , is a prefecture-level city in Hebei province, People's Republic of China, situated northeast of Beijing. It is best known as the site of the Mountain Resort, a vast imperial garden and palace formerly used by the Qing emperors as summer residence...
Normal School in what was then Rehe Province, and afterwards the Beijing Law College. In 1918 he entered Peking University
Peking University
Peking University , colloquially known in Chinese as Beida , is a major research university located in Beijing, China, and a member of the C9 League. It is the first established modern national university of China. It was founded as Imperial University of Peking in 1898 as a replacement of the...
, while he worked at the Minister of Interior, Beijing Government
Beiyang Government
The Beiyang government or warlord government collectively refers to a series of military regimes that ruled from Beijing from 1912 to 1928 at Zhongnanhai. It was internationally recognized as the legitimate Government of the Republic of China. The name comes from the Beiyang Army which dominated...
. He also provided support to Prince Gungsangnorbu
Gungsangnorbu
Gungsangnorbu was an Inner Mongolian prince and politician of the Republic of China. Some scholars describe him as a moderate, progressive moderniser caught between the influence of conservative older leaders and young radicals...
of Harqin Right Banner
Harqin Banner
Harqin Banner is a banner of southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Chifeng City, to the north-northeast.-References:*...
at the office for Mongolian and Tibetan. At that time, he also worked at Beijing Normal University
Beijing Normal University
Beijing Normal University , colloqiually known as 北师大 or Beishida, is a public research university located in Beijing with strong emphasis on basic disciplines of humanities and sciences...
and was vice-secretary-general of the Beijing Young Christian Association. He graduated from Peking University in 1926, and not long after joined the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
.
Political career
In April 1929 Wu was appointed chief of the office for Mongolian Banner to Beiping, and Counselor of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs CommissionMongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission is one of two ministry-level commissions of the Executive Yuan in the Republic of China. Inaugural addresses are delivered by the Chairman of the Commission...
, National Government
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
. The following January he transferred to the position of Chief Office for Mongolian Affairs of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. In June 1932 he returned to his old job as the Counselor of the Commission. In March 1934 he was appointed a member of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee
Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee
The Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee , also referred to as the Pailingmiao Council or Peilingmiao Council, was a political body of ethnic Mongols in the Republic of China...
and of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. In September he was appointed Chief of Counselor of the Counseling Agency, Mongolian Local Autonomy Political Council.
In May 1936 Yondonwangchug
Yondonwangchug
Yondonwangchug was an Inner Mongolian nobleman of Ulanqab League and politician under the Qing Dynasty, Republic of China and Mengjiang governments.-Names:...
and Demchugdongrub
Demchugdongrub
Prince Demchugdongrub was the leader of a Mongol independence movement in Inner Mongolia. He was the chairman of Mengjiang, a Japanese puppet state in World War II....
established the Mongol Military Government, in which Wu also participated: he was appointed Director of the Counseling Bureau and Sub-General and to other positions. In October 1937 he was appointed President of the House of Counselors, Mongol United Autonomous Government. In September 1939 he became Counselor of the House of Counselors in that government. He was promoted to the position of Chairman of the House the following year. In 1941 he was appointed President of the House for Political Affairs, Mongolian Autonomous Federation. Later he also sat as President of the Preparatory School for Studying in Japan.
After the Mongolian Autonomous Federation collapsed, Wu returned to Chiang Kaishek's National Government, and was appointed Chief of the Advertising Association of the Military Commission. In 1949 he participated in the Western Mongolian Autonomous Movement; after the failure of this movement, he escaped to Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
.
Wu died in 1980.