1620s
Encyclopedia
Significant people
- Antonio Maria AbbatiniAntonio Maria AbbatiniAntonio Maria Abbatini was an Italian composer, active mainly in Rome.Abbatini was born in Città di Castello. He served as maestro di cappella at the Basilica of St. John Lateran from 1626 to 1628; at the cathedral in Orvieto in 1633; and at Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome between 1640 to 1646, 1649...
of Rome (c.1595–1680), composer - George Abbot of England (1562–1633), Archbishop of Canterbury, held position 1611–1633
- Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de GondomarDiego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de GondomarDon Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, Count of Gondomar , was a Galician diplomat, the Spanish ambassador to England in 1613 to 1622 and afterwards, as a kind of ambassador emeritus, as Spain's leading expert on English affairs until his death...
of Spain (1567–1626), Spanish ambassador to England-Wales - Thomas AdamsThomas Adams (publisher)Thomas Adams was an English publisher. Born into a yeoman's family, he became an apprentice to Oliver Wilkes, a member of the Stationers' Company, on 29 September 1582; he was transferred to a new master, George Bishop, on 14 October 1583. Adams himself was admitted to the Company on 15 October 1583...
of England (1566–1620), publisher - Niccolò AlamanniNiccolò AlamanniNiccolò Alamanni was a Roman antiquarian of Greek origin. He was educated in Rome at the Greek College, founded by Gregory XIII, but was ordained deacon and priest according to the Latin rite....
of Rome (1583–1626), Catholic priest, antiquarian, and custodian of the Vatican LibraryVatican LibraryThe Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from... - Albert VIIAlbert VII, Archduke of AustriaArchduke Albert VII of Austria was, jointly with his wife, the Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia, sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1598 and 1621, ruling the Habsburg territories in the southern Low Countries and the north of modern France...
(1559–1621), Archduke of Austria and governor (1596–1598) and Co-sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands (modern-day Belgium and LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
) with Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of SpainInfanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of SpainIsabella Clara Eugenia of Austria was sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands in the Low Countries and the north of modern France, together with her husband Albert. In some sources, she is referred to as Clara Isabella Eugenia...
, held position (as Co-sovereign) 1598–1621 - William Alexander, 1st Earl of StirlingWilliam Alexander, 1st Earl of StirlingWilliam Alexander, Earl of Stirling was a Scotsman who was an early developer of Scottish colonisation of Port Royal, Nova Scotia and Long Island, New York...
of Scotland (1570–1640), Scottish colonial organizer of Nova ScotiaNova ScotiaNova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...
and Secretary for Scotland - Alexander of ImeretiAlexander III of ImeretiAlexander III , of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Imereti from 1639 to 1660.Alexander succeeded upon the death of his father, George III of Imereti, in 1639. Most of his reign was spent in the struggle against the powerful prince of Mingrelia, Levan II Dadiani, who refused to acknowledge...
(1609–1660), Imeretian Prince and future King of Imereti - Manuel de AlmeidaManuel de AlmeidaManuel de Almeida was a native of Viseu, who entered at an early age into the Society of Jesus, and went out as a missionary to India...
of Portugal (1580–1646), Jesuit Missionary and ambassadorAmbassadorAn ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
to the Emperor of EthiopiaEmperor of EthiopiaThe Emperor of Ethiopia was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1974. The Emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country... - Emilio Bonaventura AltieriPope Clement XPope Clement X , born Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, was Pope from 29 April 1670 to 22 July 1676.-Early life:Emilio Altieri was born in Rome, the son of Lorenzo Altieri and Victoria Delphini, a Venetian lady...
of Rome (1590–1676), Catholic bishop and future Pope - Amin of Manchuria, general
- Giambattista AndreiniGiambattista AndreiniGiambattista Andreini was an Italian actor and playwright.-Life:Born in Florence to stage stars Isabella Andreini and Francesco Andreini, he had a great success as a comedian in Paris under the name of Leylio...
of Tuscany (1576–1654), actor and playwright - Giovanni Andrea AnsaldoGiovanni Andrea Ansaldothumb|320px|The dome of the Annunziata, Genoa.Giovanni Andrea Ansaldo was an Italian painter active mainly in Genoa.He was born in Voltri, now part of the comune' of Genoa, the son of a merchant. He trained under Orazio Cambiaso and possibly collaborated with Bernardo Strozzi...
of Genoa (1584–1638), painter - Sir Samuel ArgallSamuel ArgallSir Samuel Argall was an English adventurer and naval officer.As a sea captain, in 1609, Argall was the first to determine a shorter northern route from England across the Atlantic Ocean to the new English colony of Virginia, based at Jamestown, and made numerous voyages to the New World...
(1580–1626), former deputy governor of Virginia and current naval officer in the English navy - Abdul Hasan Asaf-KhanAbdul Hasan Asaf KhanAbdul Hasan Asaf Khan was the father of Arjumand Banu Begum, also known as Mumtaz Mahal, who was the wife of the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, the Emperor of India. Asaf Khan was also the elder brother of Mehrunissa, , the empress of Shah Jahan's father, Jahangir. Many scholars have been researching...
of Persia (?-1641), Grand Vizer of the Mughal Empire (and brother of Nur Jahan), in office c.1611–1632 - Sir Thomas Aylesbury, 1st BaronetSir Thomas Aylesbury, 1st BaronetSir Thomas Aylesbury, 1st Baronet was an English civil servant, Surveyor of the Navy from 1628 and jointly Master of the Mint from 1635, and a patron of mathematical learning.-Life:...
of England (1576–1657), Baronet and Surveyor of the English Royal NavySurveyor of the NavyThe Surveyor to the Navy was a civilian officer in the Royal Navy. He was a member of the Navy Board from the inauguration of that body in 1546, and held overall responsibility for the design of British warships, although until 1745 the actual design work for warships built at each Royal Dockyard... - Francis BaconFrancis BaconFrancis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Albans, KC was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England...
of England (1561–1626), philosopher, jurist, scientist, writer, and politician; specifically Member of Parliament, Attorney General for England and WalesAttorney General for England and WalesHer Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales, usually known simply as the Attorney General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown. Along with the subordinate Solicitor General for England and Wales, the Attorney General serves as the chief legal adviser of the Crown and its government in...
(1613–1617), and Lord ChancellorLord ChancellorThe Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State, ranking only after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign...
(1617–1621) - Nathaniel Bacon of England (1585–1627), painter (not to be confused with the leader of the same name of Bacon's RebellionBacon's RebellionBacon's Rebellion was an uprising in 1676 in the Virginia Colony in North America, led by a 29-year-old planter, Nathaniel Bacon.About a thousand Virginians rose because they resented Virginia Governor William Berkeley's friendly policies towards the Native Americans...
) - William BaffinWilliam BaffinWilliam Baffin was an English navigator and explorer. Nothing is known of his early life, but it is conjectured that he was born in London of humble origin, and gradually raised himself by his diligence and perseverance...
of England (?–1622), navigator and explorer - Francesco Barberini, senioreFrancesco Barberini (seniore)Francesco Barberini was an Italian Catholic Cardinal. The nephew of Pope Urban VIII , he benefited immensely from the nepotism practiced by his uncle...
of Florence (1597–1679), Cardinal and diplomat - Jakob BartschJakob BartschJakob Bartsch or Jacobus Bartschius was a German astronomer.-Biography:Bartsch was born in Lauban in Lusatia. He was taught how to use the astrolabe by Sarcephalus , a librarian in Breslau...
of LusatiaLusatiaLusatia is a historical region in Central Europe. It stretches from the Bóbr and Kwisa rivers in the east to the Elbe valley in the west, today located within the German states of Saxony and Brandenburg as well as in the Lower Silesian and Lubusz voivodeships of western Poland...
(1600–1633), astronomer - François de BassompierreFrançois de BassompierreFrançois de Bassompierre was a French courtier.The son of Christophe de Bassompierre , he was born at the castle of Haroué in Lorraine...
of France (1579–1646), courtierCourtierA courtier is a person who is often in attendance at the court of a king or other royal personage. Historically the court was the centre of government as well as the residence of the monarch, and social and political life were often completely mixed together...
and Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements... - Robert BellarmineRobert BellarmineRobert Bellarmine was an Italian Jesuit and a Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was one of the most important figures in the Counter-Reformation...
(1542–1621), Italian Jesuit and Cardinal - Bernard of Saxe-Weimar (1604–1639), nobleman and general
- Pierre de BérullePierre de BérullePierre de Bérulle was a French cardinal and statesman, one of the most important mystics of the 17th century in France, and founder of the French school of spirituality, who could count among his friends and disciples St. Vincent de Paul and St...
of France (1575–1629), Cardinal and diplomat - Maximilien de Béthune, duc de SullyMaximilien de Béthune, duc de SullyMaximilien de Béthune, first Duke of Sully was the doughty soldier, French minister, staunch Huguenot and faithful right-hand man who assisted Henry IV of France in the rule of France.-Early years:...
of France (1560–1641), FavouriteFavouriteA favourite , or favorite , was the intimate companion of a ruler or other important person. In medieval and Early Modern Europe, among other times and places, the term is used of individuals delegated significant political power by a ruler...
and minister under Henry IV and Louis XIII - Andries BickerAndries BickerAndries Bicker was a wealthy merchant on Moscovia, a member of the vroedschap, the leader of the Arminians, an administrator of the VOC, representative of the States-General of the Netherlands and colonel in the Civic guard...
of the Netherlands (1586–1652), administrator of the Dutch East India CompanyDutch East India CompanyThe Dutch East India Company was a chartered company established in 1602, when the States-General of the Netherlands granted it a 21-year monopoly to carry out colonial activities in Asia...
, Mayor of Amsterdam, and diplomat - Willem BlaeuWillem BlaeuWillem Janszoon Blaeu , also abbreviated to Willem Jansz. Blaeu, was a Dutch cartographer, atlas maker and publisher....
of the Netherlands (1571–1638), cartographer and publisher - Abraham BloemaertAbraham BloemaertAbraham Bloemaert was a Dutch painter and printmaker in etching and engraving. He was one of the "Haarlem Mannerists" from about 1585, but in the new century altered his style to fit new Baroque trends...
of the Netherlands (1566–1651), painter and printmaker - Jakob BöhmeJakob BöhmeJakob Böhme was a German Christian mystic and theologian. He is considered an original thinker within the Lutheran tradition...
of Görlitz (1575–1624), Christian mystic - Juan Pablo BonetJuan Pablo BonetJuan Pablo Bonet was a Spanish priest and pioneer of education for the deaf. He published the first book on deaf education in 1620 in Madrid....
of Spain (c.1573-1633), Catholic priest and inventor of the Sign LanguageSign languageA sign language is a language which, instead of acoustically conveyed sound patterns, uses visually transmitted sign patterns to convey meaning—simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's...
alphabet - François de Bonne, duc de LesdiguièresFrançois de Bonne, duc de LesdiguièresFrançois de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières was soldier of the French Wars of Religion and Constable of France.- Early life :He was born at Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur, to a family of notaries with pretensions to nobility...
of France (1543–1626), Constable of FranceConstable of FranceThe Constable of France , as the First Officer of the Crown, was one of the original five Great Officers of the Crown of France and Commander in Chief of the army. He, theoretically, as Lieutenant-general of the King, outranked all the nobles and was second-in-command only to the King... - Sidonia von BorckeSidonia von BorckeSidonia von Borcke , also spelled Sidonie von Bork, Borke or Borken, was a Pomeranian noble woman tried and executed for witchcraft...
of Pomerania (1548–1620), noblewoman and Witch-huntWitch-huntA witch-hunt is a search for witches or evidence of witchcraft, often involving moral panic, mass hysteria and lynching, but in historical instances also legally sanctioned and involving official witchcraft trials...
victim (as well as a figure of later legends) - Federico BorromeoFederico BorromeoFederico Borromeo was an Italian ecclesiastic, cardinal and archbishop of Milan.-Biography:Federico Borromeo was born in Milan as the second son of Giulio Cesare Borromeo, Count of Arona, and Margherita Trivulzio...
of Milan (1564–1631), Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan - Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of CorkRichard Boyle, 1st Earl of CorkRichard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork , also known as the Great Earl of Cork, was Lord Treasurer of the Kingdom of Ireland....
(1566–1643), Anglo-Irish politician - William Bradford (1590–1657), Prominent Leader and Governor of the Plymouth colony, in office 1621–1633, 1635–1636, 1637–1638, 1639–1644, 1645–1657
- Jean de BrébeufJean de BrébeufJean de Brébeuf was a Jesuit missionary, martyred in Canada on March 16, 1649.-Early years:Brébeuf was born in Condé-sur-Vire, Normandy, France. He was the uncle of the fur trader Georges de Brébeuf. He studied near home at Caen. He became a Jesuit in 1617, joining the Order...
of France (1593–1649), Jesuit missionary - William BrewsterWilliam Brewster (Pilgrim)Elder William Brewster was a Mayflower passenger and a Pilgrim colonist leader and preacher.-Origins:Brewster was probably born at Doncaster, Yorkshire, England, circa 1566/1567, although no birth records have been found, and died at Plymouth, Massachusetts on April 10, 1644 around 9- or 10pm...
(c.1566-1644), Puritan preacher and Plymouth leader - Henry BriggsHenry Briggs (mathematician)Henry Briggs was an English mathematician notable for changing the original logarithms invented by John Napier into common logarithms, which are sometimes known as Briggsian logarithms in his honour....
of England (1561–1630), mathematician - Étienne BrûléÉtienne BrûléÉtienne Brûlé , was the first of European French explorers to journey along the St. Lawrence River with the Native Americans and to view Georgian Bay and Lake Huron Canada in the 17th century. A rugged outdoorsman, he took to the lifestyle of the First Nations and had a unique contribution to the...
of France (1592?–1633), explorer - John BullJohn Bull (composer)John Bull was an English composer, musician, and organ builder. He was a renowned keyboard performer of the virginalist school and most of his compositions were written for this medium.-Life:...
of England (1562?-1628), composer and musician - Karel Bonaventura BuquoyKarel Bonaventura BuquoyCharles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy was a military commander who fought for the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.-Career in the Army of...
of France (1571–1621), general in the service of the Holy Roman Empire - Robert BurtonRobert Burton (scholar)Robert Burton was an English scholar at Oxford University, best known for the classic The Anatomy of Melancholy. He was also the incumbent of St Thomas the Martyr, Oxford, and of Segrave in Leicestershire.-Life:...
of England (1577–1640), scholar - Estêvão CacellaEstêvão CacellaEstêvão Cacella was a Portuguese Jesuit missionary.-Life:Cacella was born in Aviz in 1585, joined the Jesuits at the age of nineteen, and sailed for India in 1614 where he worked for some years in Kerala...
of Portugal (1585–1630), Jesuit missionary - Pedro Calderón de la BarcaPedro Calderón de la BarcaPedro Calderón de la Barca y Barreda González de Henao Ruiz de Blasco y Riaño usually referred as Pedro Calderón de la Barca , was a dramatist, poet and writer of the Spanish Golden Age. During certain periods of his life he was also a soldier and a Roman Catholic priest...
of Spain (1600–1681), playwright and poet - George Calvert, 1st Baron BaltimoreGeorge Calvert, 1st Baron BaltimoreSir George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, 8th Proprietary Governor of Newfoundland was an English politician and colonizer. He achieved domestic political success as a Member of Parliament and later Secretary of State under King James I...
of England (1579–1632), nobleman, Member of Parliament, Secretary of StateSecretary of State (England)In the Kingdom of England, the title of Secretary of State came into being near the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I , the usual title before that having been King's Clerk, King's Secretary, or Principal Secretary....
, and English colonizer of the North America (most notably the founder of the Province of AvalonProvince of AvalonProvince of Avalon was the area around the settlement of Ferryland, Newfoundland and Labrador, in the 17th century, which upon the success of the colony grew to include the land held by Sir William Vaughan and all the land that lay between Ferryland and Petty Harbour.Sir George Calvert had acquired...
in Newfoundland and future founder of MarylandMarylandMaryland is a U.S. state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east...
) - William CamdenWilliam CamdenWilliam Camden was an English antiquarian, historian, topographer, and officer of arms. He wrote the first chorographical survey of the islands of Great Britain and Ireland and the first detailed historical account of the reign of Elizabeth I of England.- Early years :Camden was born in London...
of England (1551–1623), historian and topographer - Tommaso CampanellaTommaso CampanellaTommaso Campanella OP , baptized Giovanni Domenico Campanella, was an Italian philosopher, theologian, astrologer, and poet.-Biography:...
(1568–1639), Italian philosopher, theologian, astrologer, and poet - John CarverJohn CarverJohn Carver was a Pilgrim leader. He was the first governor of Plymouth Colony and his is the first signature on the Mayflower Compact.-Mayflower:...
(1576?-1621), Leader and First Governor of the Plymouth Colony, in office 1620–1621 - Henry Cary, 1st Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 1st Viscount FalklandHenry Cary, 1st Viscount Falkland ; son of a Hertfordshire knight; said to have studied at Oxford; served abroad; gentleman of the bedchamber to King James I; K.B., 1608; controller of the household, 1617-21; created Viscount Falkland in the Scottish peerage, 1620; lord-deputy of Ireland, 1622;...
of England (1575–1633), military officer, colonizer, and Lord Lieutenant of IrelandLord Lieutenant of IrelandThe Lord Lieutenant of Ireland was the British King's representative and head of the Irish executive during the Lordship of Ireland , the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland... - Ernst CasimirErnst CasimirErnst Casimir I of Nassau-Dietz was count of Nassau-Dietz and Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe.-Biography:...
of the Netherlands (1573–1632), nobleman and military commander - Aodh Mac Cathmhaoil of Ireland (1571–1626), Catholic theologian and Archbishop of ArmaghArchbishop of ArmaghThe Archbishop of Armagh is the title of the presiding ecclesiastical figure of each of the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland in the region around Armagh in Northern Ireland...
- Samuel de ChamplainSamuel de ChamplainSamuel de Champlain , "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He founded New France and Quebec City on July 3, 1608....
(1570?–1635), French explorer, administrator of New France, and founder of Quebec CityQuebec CityQuebec , also Québec, Quebec City or Québec City is the capital of the Canadian province of Quebec and is located within the Capitale-Nationale region. It is the second most populous city in Quebec after Montreal, which is about to the southwest... - Charles ICharles I, Duke of MantuaCharles Gonzaga was Duke of Mantua and Duke of Montferrat from 1627 until his death. He was also Duke of Rethel and Nevers, as well as Prince of Arches.-Biography:...
of Gonzaga-Nevers (1580–1637), Duke of Nevers and Mantua (claim for the later supported by France) - Charles Emmanuel ICharles Emmanuel I, Duke of SavoyCharles Emmanuel I , known as the Great, was the Duke of Savoy from 1580 to 1630...
of Savoy (1562–1630), Duke of Savoy and Papal backed candidate to the throne of the Duchy of Mantua - Ivan CherkasskyIvan CherkasskyPrince Ivan Borisovich Cherkassky was a Russian statesman, for 20 years head of government under Tsar Mikhail, his cousin....
of Russia (1580?-1642), boyarBoyarA boyar, or bolyar , was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Moscovian, Kievan Rus'ian, Bulgarian, Wallachian, and Moldavian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes , from the 10th century through the 17th century....
and head of the Treasury, Streletsky Prikaz and Aptekarsky Prikaz, in office 1621–1622 (as Treasurer), 1622–23 (as head of the Streletsky Prikaz and Aptekarsky Prikaz) - Jan Karol ChodkiewiczJan Karol ChodkiewiczJan Karol Chodkiewicz was a famous Lithuanian military commander and one of the most prominent noblemen of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.-Biography:...
of Poland (1560–1621), Military commander - Christian the Younger of Brunswick (1599–1626), Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgBrunswick-LüneburgThe Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , or more properly Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was an historical ducal state from the late Middle Ages until the late Early Modern era within the North-Western domains of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, in what is now northern Germany...
and Protestant Commander - Antonio CifraAntonio CifraAntonio Cifra was an Italian composer of the Roman School of the Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He was one of the significant transitional figures between the Renaissance and Baroque styles, and produced music in both idioms.-Life and works:Son of Costanzo and Claudia, Antonio Cifra was born...
of Rome (1584–1629), composer - Jan Pieterszoon CoenJan Pieterszoon CoenJan Pieterszoon Coen was a officer of the Dutch East India Company in the early seventeenth century, holding two terms as its Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies....
of the Netherlands (1587–1629), Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies - Sir Edward CokeEdward CokeSir Edward Coke SL PC was an English barrister, judge and politician considered to be the greatest jurist of the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras. Born into a middle class family, Coke was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge before leaving to study at the Inner Temple, where he was called to the...
of England (1552–1634), JuristJuristA jurist or jurisconsult is a professional who studies, develops, applies, or otherwise deals with the law. The term is widely used in American English, but in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth countries it has only historical and specialist usage...
and Member of ParliamentMember of ParliamentA Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,... - Sir John CokeJohn CokeSir John Coke was an English politician.Coke, the son of Richard and Mary Coke of Trusley, Derbyshire, was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge...
of England (1563–1644), Member of Parliament and Secretary of State - Nicolò ContariniNicolò ContariniNicolò Contarini , was the 97th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on January 18, 1630 until his death 15 months later...
of Venice (1553–1631), politician and future Doge of Venice - Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of GuadalcázarDiego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of GuadalcázarDiego Fernández de Córdoba y López de las Roelas, Marquis of Guadalcázar and Count of Posadas , was Viceroy of Mexico from October 18, 1612 to March 14, 1621 and Viceroy of Peru from July 25, 1622 to January 14, 1629.-Early life:He was born in Seville.In 1598, aged 20, he was in Central Europe,...
of Spain (1578–1630), nobleman and Viceroy of New SpainNew SpainNew Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...
and Peru, in office 1612–1621 (New Spain), 1622–1629 (Peru) - Gregorio Nuñez CoronelGregorio Nuñez CoronelGregorio Nuñez Coronel was a Portuguese Augustinian theologian, writer, and preacher.-Life:At an early age he entered the Order of St. Augustine...
of Portugal (1548–1620), Augustinian theologian, writer, and preacher. - Adam de CosterAdam de CosterAdam de Coster was a Flemish Baroque painter working under the influence of Caravaggism.-Biography:Originally from Mechelen, he is listed in Antwerp's guild of St. Luke as a master in 1607–1608...
of Flanders (1586–1643), painter - Nathaniel CourthopeNathaniel CourthopeNathaniel Courthope was an English merchant navy officer involved in the wars with the Dutch over the sea....
of England (1585–1620), merchant navy officer - Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron CoventryThomas Coventry, 1st Baron CoventryThomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry was a prominent English lawyer, politician and judge during the early 17th century.-Education and early legal career:...
of England (1578–1640), Judge, Member of Parliament, and politician (Specifically Soliticar GeneralSolicitor General for England and WalesHer Majesty's Solicitor General for England and Wales, often known as the Solicitor General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, and the deputy of the Attorney General, whose duty is to advise the Crown and Cabinet on the law...
(1617–1621), Attorney GeneralAttorney General for England and WalesHer Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales, usually known simply as the Attorney General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown. Along with the subordinate Solicitor General for England and Wales, the Attorney General serves as the chief legal adviser of the Crown and its government in...
(1621–1625), and Lord ChancellorLord ChancellorThe Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State, ranking only after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign...
(1625–1640)) - Oliver CromwellOliver CromwellOliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
of England (1599–1658), Member of Parliament, general, and future ruler of England-Wales, Scotland, and Ireland - Sir Sackville Crowe of England (1611?–1683?), baronetBaronetA baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...
, Treasurer of the Navy, Member of Parliament, and future ambassador - Alfonso de la Cueva, marqués de BedmarAlfonso de la Cueva, marqués de BedmarAlfonso de la Cueva-Benavides y Mendoza-Carrillo, marqués de Bedmar was a Spanish diplomat, bishop and Roman cardinal. He was born in Bedmar, in what is now the province of Jaén...
of Spain (1572–1655), diplomat and Catholic theologian - Robert CushmanRobert CushmanRobert Cushman was one of the Pilgrims. He was born in the village of Rolvenden in Kent, England, and was baptized in the parish church there on February 9, 1577/78. He spent part of his early life in Canterbury on Sun Street. Cushman married Sarah Reder on 31 July 1606...
of England (1578–1625), Plymouth colony organizer - Cyril ICyril LucarisCyril Lucaris born Constantine Lukaris or Loucaris was a Greek prelate and theologian, and a native of Candia, Crete . He later became the Greek Patriarch of Alexandria as Cyril III and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople as Cyril I...
(1572–1638), Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, held position in 1612, 1620–1623, 1623–1633, 1633–1634, 1634–1635, 1637–1638 - DaišanDaišanDaišan was an influential Manchu statesman and an imperial prince of the Qing Dynasty.-Family Background:He the second son of Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing Dynasty...
of Manchuria (1583–1648), Manchurian prince (brother of Huang Taiji) and military commander - Mir DamadMir DamadMir Damad , known also as Mir Mohammad Baqer Esterabadi, or Asterabadi, was an Iranian philosopher in the Neoplatonizing Islamic Peripatetic traditions of Avicenna and Suhrawardi, a scholar of the traditional Islamic sciences, and foremost figure , of the cultural renaissance of Iran undertaken...
of Persia (?–1631), philosopher - John DanversJohn DanversSir John Danvers was an English courtier and politician. He was one of the signatories of the death warrant of Charles I.-Life:Danvers was third and youngest son of Sir John Danvers of Dauntsey, Wiltshire, by Elizabeth Danvers...
of England (1588–1655), courtier and politician - Date MasamuneDate Masamunewas a regional strongman of Japan's Azuchi-Momoyama period through early Edo period. Heir to a long line of powerful daimyo in the Tōhoku region, he went on to found the modern-day city of Sendai...
of Japan (1567–1636), Daiymo of Sendai - John DaviesJohn Davies (poet)Sir John Davies was an English poet and lawyer, who became attorney general in Ireland and formulated many of the legal principles that underpinned the British Empire.-Early life:...
of England (1569–1626), lawyer, poet, and politician (specifically Attorney General of Ireland, Member of Parliament, and Judge) - John Davies (AKA Mallwyd)John Davies (Mallwyd)Dr John Davies, Mallwyd was one of Wales's leading scholars of the late Renaissance. He wrote a Welsh grammar and dictionary. He was also a translator and editor and an ordained minister of the Church of England....
of Wales (1567–1644), scholar, translator, and Anglican priest - DawarDawarDawar or Dawar Bakhsh, which means "God Given" was the ruler of the Moghul Empire for a short time between 1627-1628, immediately after the death of his grandfather Jahangir . It was the title given to 'Bulaki' on his accession to the Moghul throne...
of India (?–1628), Mughal Prince - Thomas Dekker of England (1572–1632), playwright and poet
- Joseph Solomon DelmedigoJoseph Solomon DelmedigoJoseph Solomon Qandia Delmedigo was a rabbi, author, physician, mathematician, and music theorist....
(1591–1655), Italian rabbi, author, physician, mathematician, and music theorist - Thomas DempsterThomas DempsterThomas Dempster was a Scottish scholar and historian. Born into the aristocracy in Aberdeenshire, which comprises regions of both the Scottish highlands and the Scottish lowlands, he was sent abroad as a youth for his education. The Dempsters were Catholic in an increasingly Protestant country and...
of Scotland (1579–1625), scholar and historian - Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of EssexRobert Devereux, 3rd Earl of EssexRobert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex was an English Parliamentarian and soldier during the first half of the seventeenth century. With the start of the English Civil War in 1642 he became the first Captain-General and Chief Commander of the Parliamentarian army, also known as the Roundheads...
of England (1591–1646), nobleman and military commander - Kenelm DigbyKenelm DigbySir Kenelm Digby was an English courtier and diplomat. He was also a highly reputed natural philosopher, and known as a leading Roman Catholic intellectual and Blackloist. For his versatility, Anthony à Wood called him the "magazine of all arts".-Early life and career:He was born at Gayhurst,...
of England (1603–1665), courtier, diplomat, privateer, and philosopher - John DonneJohn DonneJohn Donne 31 March 1631), English poet, satirist, lawyer, and priest, is now considered the preeminent representative of the metaphysical poets. His works are notable for their strong and sensual style and include sonnets, love poetry, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs,...
of England (1571?–1631), Anglican priest, poet, and philosopher - Michael DraytonMichael DraytonMichael Drayton was an English poet who came to prominence in the Elizabethan era.-Early life:He was born at Hartshill, near Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England. Almost nothing is known about his early life, beyond the fact that in 1580 he was in the service of Thomas Goodere of Collingham,...
of England (1563–1631), poet - Cornelius DrebbelCornelius DrebbelCornelis Jacobszoon Drebbel was the Dutch builder of the first navigable submarine in 1620. Drebbel was an innovator who contributed to the development of measurement and control systems, optics and chemistry....
of the Netherlands (1572–1633), inventor - Jeremias DrexelJeremias DrexelJeremias Drexel S.J. was a Jesuit writer of devotional literature and a professor of the humanities and rhetoric...
of Bavaria (1581–1638), Catholic theologian and Court Preacher at the court of Prince-Elector Maximilian I - Robert DudleyRobert Dudley, styled Earl of WarwickSir Robert Dudley was an English explorer and cartographer. In 1594, he led an expedition to the West Indies, of which he wrote an account. The illegitimate son of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, he inherited the bulk of the Earl's estate in accordance with his father's will, including...
of England (1574–1649), explorer and geographer - Pierre Dupuy of France (1582–1651), scholar
- Mar Elia Shimun X, Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic ChurchChaldean Catholic ChurchThe Chaldean Catholic Church , is an Eastern Syriac particular church of the Catholic Church, maintaining full communion with the Bishop of Rome and the rest of the Catholic Church...
(Patriarchate then based in Salamas, in modern-day Iran. However a later Patriarch, Mar Shimun XIII Dinkha, broke the union with the Catholic Church, thus he and other Patriarchs of the Shimun line are sometimes list as Patriarchs of the Assyrian Church of the EastAssyrian Church of the EastThe Assyrian Church of the East, officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East ʻIttā Qaddishtā w-Shlikhāitā Qattoliqi d-Madnĕkhā d-Āturāyē), is a Syriac Church historically centered in Mesopotamia. It is one of the churches that claim continuity with the historical...
), held position 1600–1653 - Sir John EliotJohn Eliot (statesman)Sir John Eliot was an English statesman who was serially imprisoned in the Tower of London, where he eventually died, by King Charles I for advocating the rights and privileges of Parliament.-Family and early life:...
of England (1592–1632), Vice-Admiral of DevonVice-Admiral of DevonThis is a list of people who have been Vice-Admiral of Devon. Between 1603 and 1623, a separate command existed for North Devon.-Vice-Admirals of Devon:*George Basset 1558*John Courtenay 1558–1560 with*Robert Yeo 1558–1560*George Basset 1560...
and Member of Parliament - Mar Eliyya IX, Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the EastAssyrian Church of the EastThe Assyrian Church of the East, officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East ʻIttā Qaddishtā w-Shlikhāitā Qattoliqi d-Madnĕkhā d-Āturāyē), is a Syriac Church historically centered in Mesopotamia. It is one of the churches that claim continuity with the historical...
(Patriarchate then based in AlqoshAlqoshAlqōsh or Alqūsh is one of the most famous Assyrian towns of the mainly East Syrian rite in Iraq. It is located north of Mosul. The name Alqosh is derived from an Akkadian name Eil-Kushtu, where "Eil" means God and "Kushtu" means righteousness or power...
, in modern day Iraq), held position in 1617–1660 - John EndecottJohn EndecottJohn Endecott was an English colonial magistrate, soldier and the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. During all of his years in the colony but one, he held some form of civil, judicial, or military high office...
(1588?–1665), founder and first governor of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyMassachusetts Bay ColonyThe Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston. The territory administered by the colony included much of present-day central New England, including portions... - Alonso Fajardo de Entenza of Spain (?-1624), governor-general of the Philippines, in office 1618–1624
- Francesco ErizzoFrancesco ErizzoFrancesco Erizzo was the 98th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on April 10, 1631 until his death fifteen years later...
of Venice (1566–1646), diplomat and future Doge of Venice - Thomas van ErpeThomas van ErpeThomas van Erpe [known as Thomas Erpenius] , Dutch Orientalist, was born at Gorinchem, in Holland....
of the Netherlands (1584–1624), Orientalist ScholarOriental studiesOriental studies is the academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology; in recent years the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Asian studies and Middle Eastern studies... - Fakhr-al-Din IIFakhr-al-Din IIEmir Fakhr-al-Din ibn Maan was the 1st prince of the State of Lebanon which has self-governed under the Ottoman Empire between the 17th and 19th centuries. Son of Prince Qorqmaz ibn Maan and Sit Nasab of the Tanukhi family, he was given the title "Emir" or Prince in Arabic because the Maan...
(1572–1635), Lebanese prince and governor of the Ottoman province of Syria, in office (as governor) 1624–1632 - Francis Fane, 1st Earl of WestmorlandFrancis Fane, 1st Earl of WestmorlandFrancis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, KB head of the Fane family, of Mereworth in Kent, and then of Apethorpe in Northamptonshire, was first a Member of Parliament and then an English peer...
of England (1580–1629), nobleman and statesman - Muhammad ibn Farukh, governor of Jerusalem (then part of the Ottoman Empire)
- John Felton of England (1595–1628), soldier and assassin of George Villiers, 1st Duke of BuckinghamGeorge Villiers, 1st Duke of BuckinghamGeorge Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham KG was the favourite, claimed by some to be the lover, of King James I of England. Despite a very patchy political and military record, he remained at the height of royal favour for the first two years of the reign of Charles I, until he was assassinated...
- Nicholas FeltonNicholas FeltonNicholas Felton was an English academic, bishop of Bristol from 1617 to 1619, and then bishop of Ely.-Life:He was born in Great Yarmouth, and educated at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. He was rector of St Mary-le-Bow church in London, from 1597 to 1617; and also rector at St Antholin, Budge Row...
of England (1556–1626), academic and Anglican cleric - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria (1609–1641), nobleman, Spanish Prince (Infante), and Cardinal
- Ferdinand IV, Archduke of AustriaFerdinand III, Holy Roman EmperorFerdinand III was Holy Roman Emperor from 15 February 1637 until his death, as well as King of Hungary and Croatia, King of Bohemia and Archduke of Austria.-Life:...
(1608–1657), Habsburg Prince and future Holy Roman Emperor - Domenico FettiDomenico FettiDomenico Fetti was an Italian Baroque painter active mainly in Rome, Mantua and Venice.-Biography:...
of Rome (1589–1623), painter - Fidelis of SigmaringenFidelis of SigmaringenFidelis of Sigmaringen was a Capuchin friar martyred in the Counter-Reformation at Seewis im Prättigau, Switzerland.-Early life:...
(1578–1622), CapuchinOrder of Friars Minor CapuchinThe Order of Friars Minor Capuchin is an Order of friars in the Catholic Church, among the chief offshoots of the Franciscans. The worldwide head of the Order, called the Minister General, is currently Father Mauro Jöhri.-Origins :...
friar and Martyr - William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and SeleWilliam Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and SeleWilliam Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele was born at the family home of Broughton Castle near Banbury, in Oxfordshire. He was the only son of Richard Fiennes, seventh Baron Saye and Sele...
of England (1582–1662), nobleman and statesman - Filaret (AKA Feodor Romanov)Patriarch Filaret (Feodor Romanov)Feodor Nikitich Romanov was a Russian boyar who after temporary disgrace rose to become patriarch of Moscow as Filaret , and became de-facto ruler of Russia during the reign of his son, Mikhail Feodorovich.- Life :...
of Russia (1553–1633), Patriarch of Moscow and statesman, held position (as Patriarch) 1612–1629 - John FletcherJohn Fletcher (playwright)John Fletcher was a Jacobean playwright. Following William Shakespeare as house playwright for the King's Men, he was among the most prolific and influential dramatists of his day; both during his lifetime and in the early Restoration, his fame rivalled Shakespeare's...
of England (1579–1625), playwright - John FordJohn Ford (dramatist)John Ford was an English Jacobean and Caroline playwright and poet born in Ilsington in Devon in 1586.-Life and work:...
of England (1586-1640?), playwright and poet - Frederick of DenmarkFrederick III of DenmarkFrederick III was king of Denmark and Norway from 1648 until his death. He instituted absolute monarchy in Denmark and Norway in 1660, confirmed by law in 1665 as the first in western historiography. He was born the second-eldest son of Christian IV of Denmark and Anne Catherine of Brandenburg...
(1609–1670), Danish Prince and future King of Denmark and Norway - Frederick V of Electoral PalatinateFrederick V, Elector PalatineFrederick V was Elector Palatine , and, as Frederick I , King of Bohemia ....
/I of Bohemia (1596–1632), Prince-Elector of Electoral Palatinate and King of Bohemia (a sub-state of the Holy Roman Empire), r. 1610–1623 (as Prince-Elector of Electoral Palatinate) and r. 1619–1620 (as King of Bohemia) - Frederick UlrichFrederick Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgFrederick Ulrich , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was prince of Wolfenbüttel from 1613 until his death....
(1591–1634), Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg, held position 1613–1634 - Galileo GalileiGalileo GalileiGalileo Galilei , was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism...
of Tuscany (1564–1642), astronomer and physicist - Gang Hong-ripGang Hong-ripGang Hong-rip was a Korean general during the Joseon Dynasty.Under repeated requests from Ming China, Gwanghaegun commanded Gang Hong-rip to help Ming forces with ten thousand soldiers against the Manchus in 1619. However, Ming armies were crushed in the Battle of Sarhū. The Korean army under...
of Korea, treasonous general who aided the Manchus - Gaston, Duke of OrléansGaston, Duke of OrléansGaston of France, , also known as Gaston d'Orléans, was the third son of King Henry IV of France and his wife Marie de Medici. As a son of the king, he was born a Fils de France. He later acquired the title Duke of Orléans, by which he was generally known during his adulthood...
of France (1608–1660), French Prince (brother of Louis XIII) and commander of the aristocratic revolt at Les Ponts-de-CéLes Ponts-de-CéLes Ponts-de-Cé is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.Les Ponts-de-Cé is in the suburbs of Angers.-History:In September 1432, during the Hundred Years' War, the routiers of Rodrigo de Villandrando, in the pay of Georges de la Trémoille, held Les Ponts-de-Cé against the... - Artemisia GentileschiArtemisia GentileschiArtemisia Gentileschi was an Italian Early Baroque painter, today considered one of the most accomplished painters in the generation influenced by Caravaggio...
of Rome (1593–1656), painter - George WilliamGeorge William, Elector of BrandenburgGeorge William of Brandenburg , of the Hohenzollern dynasty, was margrave and elector of Brandenburg and duke of Prussia from 1619 until his death. His reign was marked by ineffective governance during the Thirty Years' War...
(1595–1640), Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia - Johann GerhardJohann GerhardJohann Gerhard was a Lutheran church leader and Lutheran Scholastic theologian during the period of Orthodoxy.-Biography:He was born in the German city of Quedlinburg...
(1582–1637), German Lutheran theologian - Hessel GerritszHessel GerritszHessel Gerritsz was a Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher. Despite strong competition, he is considered by some “unquestionably the chief Dutch cartographer of the 17th century”...
of the Netherlands (1581–1632), cartographer - Orlando GibbonsOrlando GibbonsOrlando Gibbons was an English composer, virginalist and organist of the late Tudor and early Jacobean periods...
of England (1583–1625), composer and organist - Thomas GoffeThomas GoffeThomas Goffe a minor Jacobean dramatist.-Life:Thomas Goffe was born in Essex in 1591. He first studied at Westminster School where he was considered a Queen Scholar. Goffe received a scholarship on 3 November 1609 to attend Christ Church, Oxford...
of England (1591–1629), playwright - Luis de GóngoraLuis de GóngoraLuis de Góngora y Argote was a Spanish Baroque lyric poet. Góngora and his lifelong rival, Francisco de Quevedo, are widely considered to be the most prominent Spanish poets of their age. His style is characterized by what was called culteranismo, also known as Gongorism...
of Spain (1561–1627), poet, playwright, and writer - Roque GonzálezRoque González de Santa CruzFather Roque González de Santa Cruz S.J. was born in Asunción, Paraguay on 17 November 1576. He was the son of Don Bartolomé González de Villaverde and Doña María de Santa Cruz who were Spanish nobles. Roque González spoke Guaraní fluently from an early age....
(1576–1628), Spanish-AmericanSouth AmericaSouth America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
Jesuit missionary and martyr - Sir Ferdinando GorgesFerdinando GorgesSir Ferdinando Gorges , the "Father of English Colonization in North America", was an early English colonial entrepreneur and founder of the Province of Maine in 1622, although Gorges himself never set foot in the New World.-Biography:...
of England (1565–1647), colonial entrepreneur in North America and founder of MaineMaineMaine is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south, New Hampshire to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast. Maine is both the northernmost and easternmost... - Ivan Tarasievich GramotinIvan Tarasievich GramotinIvan Tarasyevich Gramotin was a Russian diplomat and head of the Posolsky Prikaz .Ivan Gramotin was known to have been a very smart, well-read and eloquent person. He was one of the prominent figures during the Time of Troubles in Russia...
of Russia (?–1638), diplomat and head of the Posolsky Prikaz, held position 1619–1626 - Orazio GrassiOrazio GrassiOrazio Grassi was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and architect.Canonical pertaining to Society of Jesus, he was one of the authors in controversy with Galileo Galilei on the nature of the comets....
(1583–1654), Italian mathematician, astronomer, and architect - Richard GrenvilleSir Richard Grenville, 1st BaronetSir Richard Grenville, 1st Baronet was a Cornish Royalist leader during the English Civil War.He was the third son of Sir Bernard Grenville , and a grandson of the famous seaman, Sir Richard Grenville...
of England (1600–1658), Anglo-Cornish soldier, Member of Parliament, and future BaronetBaronetA baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...
and Royalist Commander - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron BrookeFulke Greville, 1st Baron BrookeFulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, de jure 13th Baron Latimer and 5th Baron Willoughby de Broke , known before 1621 as Sir Fulke Greville, was an Elizabethan poet, dramatist, and statesman....
of England (1554–1628), nobleman, statesman, and writer - Hugo GrotiusHugo GrotiusHugo Grotius , also known as Huig de Groot, Hugo Grocio or Hugo de Groot, was a jurist in the Dutch Republic. With Francisco de Vitoria and Alberico Gentili he laid the foundations for international law, based on natural law...
of the Netherlands (1583–1645), philosopher and writer - Jan GruterJan GruterJan Gruter was a Dutch critic and scholar.-Life:Jan Gruter was Dutch on his father's side and English on his mother's, and was born at Antwerp...
of the Netherlands (1560–1627), scholar - Mario GuiducciMario GuiducciMario Guiducci studied law for some time at Pisa University. Discorso Delle Comete, 1619, was published under Mario's name. However, this was mostly a work by Galileo Galilei. Galileo and Mario cooperated for some time, and this cooperation was particularly notable between 1618 and 1623, known as...
of Tuscany (1585–1646), lawyer and associate of Galileo Galilei during the dispute with Orazio GrassiOrazio GrassiOrazio Grassi was an Italian mathematician, astronomer and architect.Canonical pertaining to Society of Jesus, he was one of the authors in controversy with Galileo Galilei on the nature of the comets.... - Jean GuitonJean GuitonJean Guiton was born in La Rochelle where he followed the occupation of ship-owner.Having been nominated Admiral of the fleet of La Rochelle, Jean Guiton fought the Naval battle of Saint-Martin-de-Ré against Royal forces on 27 October 1622....
of France (1585–1654), HuguenotHuguenotThe Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the 17th century, people who formerly would have been called Huguenots have instead simply been called French Protestants, a title suggested by their German co-religionists, the...
rebel and Admiral - Edmund GunterEdmund GunterEdmund Gunter , English mathematician, of Welsh descent, was born in Hertfordshire in 1581.He was educated at Westminster School, and in 1599 was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford. He took orders, became a preacher in 1614, and in 1615 proceeded to the degree of bachelor in divinity...
of England (1581–1626), mathematician - John Guy (?-1629), former governor of NewfoundlandHistory of Newfoundland and LabradorThe History of Newfoundland and Labrador is the story of the peoples who have lived in what is now the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
and current Member of the Parliament of England - Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of OlivaresGaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of OlivaresDon Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel Ribera y Velasco de Tovar, Count-Duke of Olivares and Duke of San Lúcar la Mayor , was a Spanish royal favourite of Philip IV and minister. As prime minister from 1621 to 1643, he over-exerted Spain in foreign affairs and unsuccessfully attempted domestic reform...
of Spain (1587–1645), nobleman and Chief Minister under Philip III and Philip IV, held position 1618–1643 - Hamada Yahei of Japan, prominent Japanese merchant on Formosa
- John HampdenJohn HampdenJohn Hampden was an English politician, the eldest son of William Hampden, of Hampden House, Great Hampden in Buckinghamshire, John Hampden (ca. 15951643) was an English politician, the eldest son of William Hampden, of Hampden House, Great Hampden in Buckinghamshire, John Hampden (ca. 15951643)...
of England (1595–1643), Member of Parliament and future Parliamentarian commander during the English Civil WarEnglish Civil WarThe English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists... - Kryštof HarantKryštof HarantKryštof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic was a Czech nobleman, traveller, humanist, soldier, writer and composer.As a composer he represented the school of Franco-Flemish polyphony in Bohemia...
of Bohemia (1564–1621), nobleman, traveller, humanist, soldier, writer and composer. - William HarveyWilliam HarveyWilliam Harvey was an English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart...
of England (1578–1657), physician who discovered the systematic circulation of blood - Hasekura TsunenagaHasekura TsunenagaHasekura Rokuemon Tsunenaga or was a Japanese samurai and retainer of Date Masamune, the daimyo of Sendai....
of Japan (1571–1622), diplomat - Richard HawkinsRichard Hawkinsthumb|250px|right|Sir Richard HawkinsAdmiral Sir Richard Hawkins was a 17th century English seaman, explorer and Elizabethan "Sea Dog", and was the son of Admiral Sir John Hawkins....
of England (1562–1622), explorer and privateerPrivateerA privateer is a private person or ship authorized by a government by letters of marque to attack foreign shipping during wartime. Privateering was a way of mobilizing armed ships and sailors without having to spend public money or commit naval officers... - George Hay, 1st Earl of KinnoullGeorge Hay, 1st Earl of KinnoullGeorge Hay, 1st Earl of Kinnoull was a Scottish nobleman.He served as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber from 1596, and was knighted around 1609. He was appointed Lord Clerk Register and a lord of session in 1616. He supported the five articles of Perth. He was Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1622 to...
of Scotland (1572–1634), nobleman, judge and Lord Chancellor of ScotlandLord Chancellor of ScotlandThe Lord Chancellor of Scotland was a Great Officer of State in pre-Union Scotland.Holders of the office are known from 1123 onwards, but its duties were occasionally performed by an official of lower status with the title of Keeper of the Great Seal...
, held position (as chancellor) 1622–1634 - James Hay, 1st Earl of CarlisleJames Hay, 1st Earl of CarlisleJames Hay, 1st Earl of Carlisle was a Scottish aristocrat.-Life:He was the son of Sir James Hay of Fingask , and of Margaret Murray, cousin of George Hay, afterwards 1st Earl of Kinnoull.He was knighted and taken into favor by James VI of Scotland, brought into England in 1603, treated as a "prime...
of Scotland (c.1590–1636), nobleman and diplomat - Piet Pieterszoon HeinPiet Pieterszoon HeinPieter Pietersen Heyn was a Dutch naval officer and folk hero during the Eighty Years' War between the United Provinces and Spain.-Early life:...
of the Netherlands (1577–1629), Vice-Admiral of the Dutch West India CompanyDutch West India CompanyDutch West India Company was a chartered company of Dutch merchants. Among its founding fathers was Willem Usselincx... - Henrietta Maria of FranceHenrietta Maria of FranceHenrietta Maria of France ; was the Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland as the wife of King Charles I...
(1609–1669), French princess and Queen ConsortQueen consortA queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
of England-Wales and Scotland - Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of CherburyEdward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of CherburyEdward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Chirbury was an Anglo-Welsh soldier, diplomat, historian, poet and religious philosopher of the Kingdom of England.-Early life:...
of Wales (1583–1648), diplomat, poet, and philosopher - George HerbertGeorge HerbertGeorge Herbert was a Welsh born English poet, orator and Anglican priest.Being born into an artistic and wealthy family, he received a good education that led to his holding prominent positions at Cambridge University and Parliament. As a student at Trinity College, Cambridge, Herbert excelled in...
of Wales (1593–1633), poet, orator and Anglican priest - Philip HerbertPhilip Herbert, 4th Earl of PembrokePhilip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke and 1st Earl of Montgomery KG was an English courtier and politician active during the reigns of James I and Charles I...
of England (1584–1649), nobleman (future Earl of Pembroke) and politician - William Herbert, 3rd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Herbert, 3rd Earl of PembrokeWilliam Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, KG, PC was the son of Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke and his third wife Mary Sidney. Chancellor of the University of Oxford, he founded Pembroke College, Oxford with King James. He was warden of the Forest of Dean, and constable of St Briavels from 1608...
of England (1580–1630), nobleman, Lord LieutenantLord Lieutenant of CornwallThis is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall. Since 1742, all the Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Cornwall.*John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford 1552–1554*John Bourchier, 2nd Earl of Bath 1556–?...
of CornwallCornwallCornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of...
County and Chancellor of the University of OxfordUniversity of OxfordThe University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
, held position 1601-1630 (as Earl), 1604-1630 (as Lord Lietuent) and 1616-1630 (as Chancellor) - Antonio de Herrera y TordesillasAntonio de Herrera y TordesillasAntonio de Herrera y Tordesillas , Spanish historian, was born at Cuéllar, in the province of Segovia.-Biography:His father, Roderigo de Tordesillas, and his mother, Agnes de Herrera, were both of good family...
of Spain (1559–1625), historian - Thomas HeywoodThomas HeywoodThomas Heywood was a prominent English playwright, actor, and author whose peak period of activity falls between late Elizabethan and early Jacobean theatre.-Early years:...
of England (1570?-1641), playwright, actor, and author - Thomas HobbesThomas HobbesThomas Hobbes of Malmesbury , in some older texts Thomas Hobbs of Malmsbury, was an English philosopher, best known today for his work on political philosophy...
of England (1588–1679), philosopher - Heinrich HolkHeinrich HolkHeinrich Holk was a Danish-German mercenary in both Christian IV of Denmark's and Albrecht von Wallenstein's service during the Thirty Years' War....
(1599–1633) Danish-German mercenary and commander - Henricus Hondius IIHenricus Hondius IIHenricus Hondius II or Hendrik Hondius the Younger was a Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher.He was born in Amsterdam, the son of the famous cartographer Jodocus Hondius who had started a map-making business in the city. Hendrik initially helped his family in the business, but in 1621...
of the Netherlands (1597–1651), cartographer and publisher - Isaiah HorowitzIsaiah HorowitzIsaiah Horowitz, , also known as the Shelah ha-Kadosh after the title of his best-known work, was a prominent Levite rabbi and mystic.-Biography:...
(1565–1630), Rabbi and Jewish mystic - Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of BerkshireThomas Howard, 1st Earl of BerkshireThomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire was the second son of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk and Catherine Knyvet....
of England (1587–1669), nobleman - Constantijn HuygensConstantijn HuygensConstantijn Huygens , was a Dutch Golden Age poet and composer. He was secretary to two Princes of Orange: Frederick Henry and William II, and the father of the scientist Christiaan Huygens.-Biography:...
of the Netherlands (1596–1687), poet, composer, and secretary under Stadtholders Frederick Henry and William II - Im Gyeong EopIm Gyeong EopIm Gyeong Eop was a prominent Korean general during the Joseon Dynasty. He participated in Korea's war against the Manchurian invasions of the 16th century.-Early life:...
of Korea (1594–1646), general - Sigismondo d'IndiaSigismondo d'IndiaSigismondo d'India was an Italian composer of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He was one of the most accomplished contemporaries of Monteverdi, and wrote music in many of the same forms as the more famous composer.-Life:D'India was probably born in Palermo, Sicily in 1582, though...
(1582–1629), Italian composer - Nicholas Iquan (AKA Zheng Zhilong) of China (1604–1661), pirate and Ming Dynasty admiral
- Menasseh Ben IsraelMenasseh Ben IsraelManoel Dias Soeiro , better known by his Hebrew name Menasseh Ben Israel , was a Portuguese rabbi, kabbalist, scholar, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher, founder of the first Hebrew printing press in Amsterdam in...
of Portugal (1604–1657), rabbi, kabbalist, scholar, writer, diplomat, printer, and publisher - William JaggardWilliam JaggardWilliam Jaggard was an Elizabethan and Jacobean printer and publisher, best known for his connection with the texts of William Shakespeare, most notably the First Folio of Shakespeare's plays...
of England (1568–1623), printer and publisher - Jang Man of Korea, general
- Jan JanszoonJan JanszoonJan Janszoon van Haarlem, commonly known as Murat Reis the younger was the first President and Grand Admiral of the Corsair Republic of Salé, Governor of Oualidia, and a Dutch pirate, one of the most notorious of the Barbary pirates from the 17th century; the most famous of the "Salé...
of the Netherlands (1570? – c.1641), Barbary Pirate - Willem JanszoonWillem JanszoonWillem Janszoon , Dutch navigator and colonial governor, is probably the first European known to have seen the coast of Australia. His name is sometimes abbreviated to Willem Jansz....
of the Netherlands (1570–1630), explorer and colonial governor - Juan Martínez de Jáuregui y AguilarJuan Martínez de Jáuregui y AguilarJuan Chandra de Jáuregui y Aguilar , Spanish poet, scholar and painter in the Siglo de Oro....
of Spain (1583–1641), poet, scholar, and painter - Jörg JenatschJörg JenatschJörg Jenatsch, commonly called Jürg or Jörg Jenatsch , was a Swiss political leader during the Thirty Years' War...
of Switzerland (1596–1639), politician and military commander - JirgalangJirgalangJirgalang or Jirhalang , the sixth son of Nurhaci's younger brother Šurhaci of the Aisin Gioro clan, was a Manchu noble and an important military and political leader in the early years of the Qing dynasty. From 1638 to 1643, he took part in many military campaigns that helped bring down the fall...
of Manchuria (1599–1655), nobleman, general, and statesman - Johann Ernst IJohann Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-WeimarJohann Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar , was a duke of Saxe-Weimar.-Biography:...
(1594–1626), Duke of Saxe-Weimar, r. 1605–1620 - Inigo JonesInigo JonesInigo Jones is the first significant British architect of the modern period, and the first to bring Italianate Renaissance architecture to England...
of England (1573–1652), architect - Ben JonsonBen JonsonBenjamin Jonson was an English Renaissance dramatist, poet and actor. A contemporary of William Shakespeare, he is best known for his satirical plays, particularly Volpone, The Alchemist, and Bartholomew Fair, which are considered his best, and his lyric poems...
of England (1572–1637), playwright, poet, and Poet Laureate, held post in 1619–1637 - Manuel Jordão, Duke of Nsundi, Kongolese nobleman
- Johannes JuniusJohannes JuniusJohannes Junius was the mayor of Bamberg, and a victim of the Bamberg witch trials, who wrote a letter to his daughter from jail while he awaited execution for witchcraft....
of BambergBambergBamberg is a city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in Upper Franconia on the river Regnitz, close to its confluence with the river Main. Bamberg is one of the few cities in Germany that was not destroyed by World War II bombings because of a nearby Artillery Factory that prevented planes from...
(1573–1628), Mayor of Bamberg and Bamberg witch trialBamberg witch trialsThe Bamberg witch trials, which took place in Bamberg in Germany in 1626-1631, are among the more famous cases in European witchcraft history. They resulted in the executions of between 300 and 600 people, and were some of the greatest witch trials in history, as well as some of the greatest...
suspect and victim - Madam KeMadam KeMadame Ke was the nanny of the young Tianqi Emperor , who was Emperor of China from 1620 to 1627. As he was 15 when he became Emperor, and also illiterate, he delegated all duties to Wei Zhongxian, giving the actual power to him and Madame Ke...
of China (?–1627), adviser to Emperor Tianqi - Johannes KeplerJohannes KeplerJohannes Kepler was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican...
(1571–1630), German mathematician and astronomer - Hendrick de KeyserHendrick de KeyserHendrick de Keyser was a Dutch sculptor and architect born in Utrecht, Netherlands, who was instrumental in establishing a late Renaissance form of Mannerism in Amsterdam...
of the Netherlands (1565–1621), sculptor and architect - Thomas de KeyserThomas de KeyserThomas de Keyser was a Dutch painter and architect.De Keyser was born and died in Amsterdam. He excelled as a portrait painter, and was the most in-demand portrait painter in the Netherlands until the 1630s, when Rembrandt eclipsed him in popularity...
of the Netherlands (1596–1667), painter and architect - Khosro MirzaRostom of KartliRostom or Rustam Khan was a ruler of Kartli, eastern Georgia, from 1633 until his death. Appointed by a Persian shah as a Wāli of Kartli, he styled himself king of kings and sovereign.- Life :...
of Kartli (1565–1658), Georgian Prince, general in the Persian army, and future King of Kartli - Robert KilligrewRobert KilligrewSir Robert Killigrew was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1629. He served as Ambassador the the United Provinces.-Life:...
of England (1580–1633), Member of Parliament and English Ambassador to the Netherlands - Athanasius KircherAthanasius KircherAthanasius Kircher was a 17th century German Jesuit scholar who published around 40 works, most notably in the fields of oriental studies, geology, and medicine...
(1601?–1680), German Catholic theologian and scholar - David KirkeDavid KirkeSir David Kirke was an adventurer, colonizer and governor for the king of England. Kirke was the son of Gervase Kirke, a wealthy London-based Scottish merchant, who had married a Huguenot woman, Elizabeth Goudon, and was raised in Dieppe, in Normandy.In 1627 Kirke's father and several London...
of England (1597–1654), adventurer and English colonizer of Canada - Stanisław Koniecpolski of Poland (1594?-1646), nobleman and military commander
- Thomas LakeThomas LakeSir Thomas Lake was Secretary of State to James I of England. He was a Member of Parliament in 1604, 1614, 1625 and 1626....
of England (1567–1630), Member of Parliament and former Secretary of State - Giovanni LanfrancoGiovanni LanfrancoGiovanni Lanfranco was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.-Biography:Giovanni Gaspare Lanfranco was born in Parma, the third son of Stefano and Cornelia Lanfranchi, and was placed as a page in the household of Count Orazio Scotti...
of ParmaParmaParma is a city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna famous for its ham, its cheese, its architecture and the fine countryside around it. This is the home of the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world....
(1582–1647), painter - William LaudWilliam LaudWilliam Laud was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 to 1645. One of the High Church Caroline divines, he opposed radical forms of Puritanism...
of England (1573–1645), Anglican theologian and future Archbishop of Canterbury - François Leclerc du TremblayFrançois Leclerc du TremblayFrançois Leclerc du Tremblay , also known as Père Joseph, was a French Capuchin friar, confidant and agent of Cardinal Richelieu...
of France (1577–1638), friar and agent and adviser of Cardinal Richelieu. - Marc LescarbotMarc LescarbotMarc Lescarbot was a French author, poet and lawyer, best known for his Histoire de la Nouvelle-France , based on his expedition to Acadia and research into French exploration. Considered one of the first great books in the history of Canada, it was printed in three editions, and was translated...
of France (1570–1641), author and lawyer - Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of LevenAlexander Leslie, 1st Earl of LevenAlexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven was a Scottish soldier in Dutch, Swedish and Scottish service. Born illegitimate and raised as a foster child, he subsequently advanced to the rank of a Dutch captain, a Swedish Field Marshal, and in Scotland became lord general in command of the Covenanters,...
of Scotland (1582–1661), nobleman and general in the service of Sweden - Levan II of Imereti, Georgian prince and Anti-Imeretian rebel
- Christopher LevettChristopher LevettCapt. Christopher Levett was an English writer, explorer and naval captain, born at York, England. He explored the coast of New England and secured a grant from the King to settle present-day Portland, Maine, the first European to do so. Levett left behind a group of settlers at his Maine...
of England (1586–1630), explorer and naval captain - Li Kezhuo of China, Ming dynastyMing DynastyThe Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
court official and unwitting poisoner of Emperor Taichang - Johann LissJohann LissJohann Liss was a leading German Baroque painter of the 17th century, active mainly in Venice.-Biography:...
(1590?-1629), German painter - Jerónimo LoboJerónimo LoboJerónimo Lobo was a Portuguese Jesuit missionary.He was born in Lisbon the third of at least five sons and six daughters to Francisco Lobo da Gama, the Governor of Cape Verde, and Dona Maria Brandão de Vasconcelos. He entered the Order of Jesus at the age of 14...
of Portugal (1593–1678), JesuitSociety of JesusThe Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
missionaryMissionaryA missionary is a member of a religious group sent into an area to do evangelism or ministries of service, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care and economic development. The word "mission" originates from 1598 when the Jesuits sent members abroad, derived from the Latin... - Lobsang Gyatso of Tibet (1617–1682), Dalai LamaDalai LamaThe Dalai Lama is a high lama in the Gelug or "Yellow Hat" branch of Tibetan Buddhism. The name is a combination of the Mongolian word далай meaning "Ocean" and the Tibetan word bla-ma meaning "teacher"...
and future ruler of TibetTibetTibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
, r. 1618–1682 (as Dalai Lama), 1642–1682 (as ruler of TibetTibetTibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...
) - Adam Loftus, 1st Viscount LoftusAdam Loftus, 1st Viscount LoftusAdam Loftus, 1st Viscount Loftus was Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1619. His uncle, also named Adam, was Archbishop of Armagh and Dublin....
of Ireland (1568–1643), Lord Chancellor of Ireland, in office 1619-1639 - Christen Sørensen Longomontanus of Denmark (1562–1647), astronomer
- Hendrick LuciferHendrick LuciferHendrick Jacobszoon Lucifer was a Dutch-born pirate and brute.Hendrick's last name, Lucifer, referred not to a lighting stick, but to the fallen angel Lucifer, and was most likely used as a nickname due to his use of fire and smoke to surprise enemies.- Greatest success and death :In 1627,...
(1583–1627), Dutch Buccaneer - Charles de LuynesCharles de LuynesCharles d'Albert, Duke of Luynes , was constable of France.He was the first son of Honoré d'Albert , seigneur de Luynes, who was in the service of the three last Valois kings and of Henry IV of France.Charles was brought up at court and attended the dauphin, later Louis XIII...
of France (1578–1621), Constable of FranceConstable of FranceThe Constable of France , as the First Officer of the Crown, was one of the original five Great Officers of the Crown of France and Commander in Chief of the army. He, theoretically, as Lieutenant-general of the King, outranked all the nobles and was second-in-command only to the King...
and first Duke of Luynes - Randal MacDonnell, 1st Earl of AntrimRandal MacDonnell, 1st Earl of AntrimRandal MacDonnell, 1st Earl of Antrim , having been fostered in the Gaelic manner on the Scottish island of Arran by the Hamiltons, was the 4th son of Sorley Boy MacDonnell, and of Mary, daughter of Conn O'Neill, 1st Earl of Tyrone.He fought at first against the English government, participating...
of Ireland (?-1636), nobleman and Scots-Irish politician - Sir Henry MainwaringHenry MainwaringSir Henry Mainwaring , was an English pirate, naval officer with the Royal Navy, and author.- Early life :Henry Mainwaring was born in Ightfield in Shropshire, second son of Sir George Mainwaring and his wife Ann, the daughter of Sir William More of Loseley Park in Surrey. His maternal grandfather...
of England (1587?–1653), pirate and English naval officer - François de MalherbeFrançois de MalherbeFrançois de Malherbe was a French poet, critic, and translator.-Life:Born in Le-Locheur , his family was of some position, though it seems not to have been able to establish to the satisfaction of heralds the claims which it made to nobility older than the 16th century.He was the eldest son of...
of France (1555–1628), poet and literary critic - Man GuiMan GuiMan Gui was a Ming Dynasty General of Mongol origin.-Biography:First spotted in an inspection tour by Grand-Secretary Sun Chengzong, he was highly prominent under Marshal Yuan Chonghuan...
of China (?–1629), general and main commander of the Chinese army following the death of Yuan ChonghuanYuan ChonghuanYuan Chonghuan was a famed patriot and military commander of the Ming Dynasty who battled the Manchus in Liaoning. A commander of Cantonese origin, Yuan Chonghuan was known to have excelled in artillery warfare and successfully incorporated Western tactics with those of the East... - George Manners, 7th Earl of RutlandGeorge Manners, 7th Earl of RutlandGeorge Manners, 7th Earl of Rutland was an English nobleman. He was the son of John Manners, 4th Earl of Rutland and the younger brother of Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland and Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland. George Manners married Frances Cary, daughter of Sir Edward Cary and Katherine...
of England (1580–1641), Member of Parliament and nobleman - Ernst von MansfeldErnst von MansfeldErnst, Graf von Mansfeld , was a German military commander during the early years of the Thirty Years' War.-Biography:...
(1580–1626), German soldier - Mao WenlongMao WenlongMao Wenlong ; was a marine corps commander of the Ming Dynasty, famous for battling the Manchus in the Yellow Sea. He was known for excelling in artillery warfare and for successfully incorporating Western-style tactics into a Far Eastern military.-Early life:Mao was born in Hangzhou and worked as...
of China (1579–1629), military commander - Juan de MarianaJuan de MarianaJuan de Mariana, also known as Father Mariana , was a Spanish Jesuit priest, Scholastic, historian, and member of the Monarchomachs....
of Spain (1536–1624), Catholic priest, historian, and MonarchomachMonarchomachsThe Monarchomachs were originally French Huguenot theorists who opposed absolute monarchy at the end of the 16th century, known in particular for having theoretically justified tyrannicide...
political theorist - Maria Anna of Spain (1606–1646), Infanta and future Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire
- Marie de' MediciMarie de' MediciMarie de Médicis , Italian Maria de' Medici, was queen consort of France, as the second wife of King Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon. She herself was a member of the wealthy and powerful House of Medici...
(1575–1642), Queen dowagerQueen DowagerA queen dowager or dowager queen is a title or status generally held by the widow of a deceased king. In the case of the widow of a deceased emperor, the title of empress dowager is used...
of France and former regentRegentA regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu...
with her son Louis XIII - Michel de MarillacMichel de MarillacMichel de Marillac was a French jurist and counsellor at the court of Louis XIII of France, one of the leading dévots. His uncle was Charles de Marillac, Archbishop of Vienne and a member of the king's council, the Conseil du Roi...
of France (1563–1632), Minister of Justice under Louis XIII - Giambattista Marino of Naples (1569–1625), poet
- Gervase MarkhamGervase MarkhamGervase Markham was an English poet and writer, best known for his work The English Huswife, Containing the Inward and Outward Virtues Which Ought to Be in a Complete Woman first published in London in 1615.-Life:Markham was the third son of Sir Robert Markham of Cotham, Nottinghamshire, and was...
of England (1568–1637), poet and writer - Tristano MartinelliTristano MartinelliTristano Martinelli , called Dominus Arlecchinorum, the "Master of Harlequins", was an Italian actor in the commedia dell'arte tradition, probably the first to be called "Harlequin".- Biography :...
of Mantua (1555–1630), actor - Enrico MartínezEnrico MartínezEnrico Martínez , Henri Martín or Heinrich Martin, was cosmographer to the King of Spain, interpreter for the Spanish Inquisition, publisher, and hydraulic engineer....
of Spain (?–1632), hydraulic engineer - John Mason of England (1586–1635), sailor, explorer, cartographer, colonizer, and founder of New HampshireNew HampshireNew Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...
- Isaac MassaIsaac MassaIsaac Abrahamszoon Massa was a Dutch grain trader, traveller and diplomat, the envoy to Muscovy, author of memoirs witnessing the Time of Troubles and the maps of Eastern Europe and Siberia. He was married to Beatrix van der Laen...
of the Netherlands (1586–1643), merchant, traveller, and diplomat - MassasoitMassasoitMassasoit Sachem or Ousamequin ,was the sachem, or leader, of the Pokanoket, and "Massasoit" of the Wampanoag Confederacy. The term Massasoit means Great Sachem.-Early years:...
(1580?–1661), Chief of the Wampanoag - Philip MassingerPhilip MassingerPhilip Massinger was an English dramatist. His finely plotted plays, including A New Way to Pay Old Debts, The City Madam and The Roman Actor, are noted for their satire and realism, and their political and social themes.-Early life:The son of Arthur Massinger or Messenger, he was baptized at St....
of England (1583–1640), playwright - Tobie MatthewTobie MatthewSir Tobie Matthew , born in Salisbury, was an English member of parliament and courtier who converted to Roman Catholicism and became a priest...
of England (1577–1655), Member of Parliament - Maximilian I of BavariaMaximilian I, Elector of BavariaMaximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria , called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War ....
(1573–1651), Prince-Elector of Bavaria - Cornelis Jacobszoon May of the Netherlands, explorer and first Director-general of New NetherlandNew NetherlandNew Netherland, or Nieuw-Nederland in Dutch, was the 17th-century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on the East Coast of North America. The claimed territories were the lands from the Delmarva Peninsula to extreme southwestern Cape Cod...
- Cardinal Mazarin of Sicily (1602–1661), Cardinal, diplomat, and future Prime Minister of France
- Domenico MazzocchiDomenico MazzocchiDomenico Mazzocchi was an Italian baroque composer of the generation after Claudio Monteverdi. He was a composer of only vocal music, motets, oratorios and madrigals which have continuo, similar to the late Monteverdi's ones....
(1592–1665), Italian composer - Alfonso Mendez, Prelate of Ethiopia and Catholic Patriarch of Ethiopia, held position (as Catholic Patriarch) 1622–1632
- Diego Carrillo de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Gelves of Spain (1570?-1631), nobleman and Viceroy of New SpainNew SpainNew Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...
, in office 1621–1624 - Adriaan MetiusMetiusAdriaan Adriaanszoon, called Metius, , was a Dutch geometer and astronomer. He was born in Alkmaar. The name Metius comes from the Dutch word meten , and therefore means something like "measurer" or "surveyor."-Father and brother:Metius was born at Alkmaar, North Holland...
of the Netherlands (1571–1635), mathematician and astronomer - Thomas MiddletonThomas MiddletonThomas Middleton was an English Jacobean playwright and poet. Middleton stands with John Fletcher and Ben Jonson as among the most successful and prolific of playwrights who wrote their best plays during the Jacobean period. He was one of the few Renaissance dramatists to achieve equal success in...
of England (1580–1627), playwright and poet - Daniël MijtensDaniël MijtensDaniël Mijtens , known in England as Daniel Mytens the Elder, was a Dutch portrait painter who spent the central years of his career working in England.-Biography:...
of the Netherlands (1590–1648), painter - Peter MinuitPeter MinuitPeter Minuit, Pieter Minuit, Pierre Minuit or Peter Minnewit was a Walloon from Wesel, in present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, then part of the Duchy of Cleves. He was the Director-General of the Dutch colony of New Netherland from 1626 until 1633, and he founded the Swedish colony of...
of the Netherlands (1589–1638), Director-General of New Netherland, in office 1626–1632 - Francis MitchellFrancis MitchellFrancis Mitchell was the last British knight of the realm to be publicly degraded , after being found guilty of extorting money from licensees via his monopoly on the licensing of inns....
of England, Knight and Extortionist - Miyamoto MusashiMiyamoto Musashi, also known as Shinmen Takezō, Miyamoto Bennosuke or, by his Buddhist name, Niten Dōraku, was a Japanese swordsman and rōnin. Musashi, as he was often simply known, became renowned through stories of his excellent swordsmanship in numerous duels, even from a very young age...
of Japan (1584?–1645), prominent samurai - Francesco MolinFrancesco MolinFrancesco Molin or Francesco Da Molin was the 99th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on January 20, 1646 until his death...
of Venice (1575–1655), Naval commander and future Doge of Venice - Giles MompessonGiles MompessonGiles Mompesson was an English malefactor and, officially, "notorious criminal" whose career was one based on speculation and graft. He has come to be regarded as a synonym for graft and official corruption due to his use of nepotism to gain positions of licensing businesses and pocketing the fees...
of England (1584–1663), corrupt politician - Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of ManchesterEdward Montagu, 2nd Earl of ManchesterEdward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester KG, KB, FRS was an important commander of Parliamentary forces in the First English Civil War, and for a time Oliver Cromwell's superior.-Life:...
of England (1602–1671), Royalist Member of parliament and future Royalist commander during the English Civil War - Richard MontaguRichard MontaguRichard Montagu was an English cleric and prelate.-Early life:He was born during Christmastide 1577 at Dorney, Buckinghamshire, where his father Laurence Mountague was vicar, and was educated at Eton. He was elected from Eton to a scholarship at King's College, Cambridge, and admitted on 24...
of England (1577–1641), controversial Cleric and prelate - Antoine de MontchrestienAntoine de MontchrestienAntoine de Montchrestien was a French soldier, dramatist, adventurer and economist.Montchrestien was born in Falaise, Normandy...
of France (1575–1621), soldier, dramatist, poet, and economist - Claudio MonteverdiClaudio MonteverdiClaudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, gambist, and singer.Monteverdi's work, often regarded as revolutionary, marked the transition from the Renaissance style of music to that of the Baroque period. He developed two individual styles of composition – the...
(1567–1643), Italian composer - Mumtaz MahalMumtaz MahalMumtaz Mahal born as Arjumand Banu Begum was a Mughal Empress and chief consort of emperor Shah Jahan...
of India (1593–1631), Empress Consort of India (Wife of Shah JahanShah JahanShah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
) - Jens MunkJens MunkJens Munk was a Danish navigator and explorer who was born in Norway where his father, Erik Munk, had received several fiefs for his achievements in the Northern Seven Years' War. He returned to Denmark at the age of eight...
of Norway (1579–1628), navigator, explorer, and naval captain - Bartolomé Esteban MurilloBartolomé Estéban MurilloBartolomé Esteban Murillo was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporary women and children...
of Spain (1617–1682), painter - Hugh Myddelton of Wales (1560–1631), entrepreneurEntrepreneurAn entrepreneur is an owner or manager of a business enterprise who makes money through risk and initiative.The term was originally a loanword from French and was first defined by the Irish-French economist Richard Cantillon. Entrepreneur in English is a term applied to a person who is willing to...
, Engineer, BaronetBaronetA baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...
, and Member of Parliament - Thomas Myddelton the YoungerThomas Myddelton (younger)Sir Thomas Myddelton of Chirk Castle was a Welsh politician and Parliamentary general.-Early life:He was the son of Sir Thomas Myddelton. He matriculated from Queen's College, Oxford, on 22 February 1605, and became a student of Gray's Inn in 1607. he was knighted on 10 February 1617, and was M.P...
of Wales (1586–1666), Member of Parliament and future Parliamentary officer during the English Civil War - NemattanewNemattanewNemattanew was a renegade captain of the Powhatan Confederacy, and at times a close advisor to paramount chief Opechancanough....
(?–1622), Powhatan military commander and architect of the Jamestown Massacre - Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên of Vietnam (1563–1635), Nguyễn Lord (subnational ruler of southern Vietnam), held position 1613–1635
- NheçuNheçuthumb|right|300px|Cerro do Inhacurutum is the historic hill where Chief Nheçu held post while fighting back the incursion of the first Europeans in today's state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil....
, Chief of the Guaraní - Nur Jahan of Persia (1577–1645), Empress Consort of India (Wife of JahangirJahangirJahangir was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1605 until his death. The name Jahangir is from Persian جهانگیر,meaning "Conqueror of the World"...
and Stepmother of Shah JahanShah JahanShah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
) - John NuttJohn NuttThis article is about John Nutt the English pirate. For John Nutt the 18th century English printer, see John Nutt .John Nutt was a 17th-century English pirate. He was one of the more notorious brigands of his time raiding the coast of southern Canada and western England for over three years...
of England, pirate - Pieter NuytsPieter NuytsPieter Nuyts or Nuijts was a Dutch explorer, diplomat, and politician.He was part of a landmark expedition of the Dutch East India Company in 1626–27, which mapped the southern coast of Australia. He became the Dutch ambassador to Japan in 1627, and he was appointed Governor of Formosa in the same...
of the Netherlands (1598–1655), Governor of the Dutch colony on Formosa (modern-day Taiwan) and ambassador to Japan, held position (as governor) 1627–1629 - OldmanOldmanOldman , King of the Miskito Nation from c. 1650 until his death in 1687, was the son of a Miskito leader whose name is not recorded. This earlier king went to England, according to a memorial left in Jamaica by one of his descendants, during the reign of Charles I but during the time when the...
of the Misquito Coast (?-1687), first King of the Miskito Kingdom (a British ProtectorateProtectorateIn history, the term protectorate has two different meanings. In its earliest inception, which has been adopted by modern international law, it is an autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity...
on the eastern coasts of modern-day Nicaragua and Honduras), r. 1625–1687 - OpchanacanoughOpchanacanoughOpechancanough or Opchanacanough was a tribal chief of the Powhatan Confederacy of what is now Virginia in the United States, and its leader from sometime after 1618 until his death in 1646. His name meant "He whose Soul is White" in the Algonquian language...
(1554?-1644), Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy, held position 1618–1644 - Martin Opitz of SilesiaSilesiaSilesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
(1597–1639), poet - William OughtredWilliam OughtredWilliam Oughtred was an English mathematician.After John Napier invented logarithms, and Edmund Gunter created the logarithmic scales upon which slide rules are based, it was Oughtred who first used two such scales sliding by one another to perform direct multiplication and division; and he is...
of England (1575–1660), mathematician - Owaneco (?–1626), Chief of the MoheganMoheganThe Mohegan tribe is an Algonquian-speaking tribe that lives in the eastern upper Thames River valley of Connecticut. Mohegan translates to "People of the Wolf". At the time of European contact, the Mohegan and Pequot were one people, historically living in the lower Connecticut region...
s - John OwenJohn Owen (epigrammatist)John Owen was a Welsh epigrammatist, most known for his Latin epigrams, collected in his Epigrammata.He is also cited by various Latinizations including Ioannes Owen, Joannes Oweni, Ovenus and Audoenus....
of Wales (1564–1622), Epigrammatist - Axel OxenstiernaAxel OxenstiernaAxel Gustafsson Oxenstierna af Södermöre , Count of Södermöre, was a Swedish statesman. He became a member of the Swedish Privy Council in 1609 and served as Lord High Chancellor of Sweden from 1612 until his death. He was a confidant of first Gustavus Adolphus and then Queen Christina.Oxenstierna...
of Sweden (1583–1654), Lord High Chancellor of SwedenLord High Chancellor of SwedenThe Lord High Chancellor was a prominent and influential office in Sweden, from 1561 until 1680, excluding periods when the office was out of use. The office holder was a member of the Privy Council of Sweden... - Rodrigo Pacheco, 3rd Marquis of Cerralvo of Spain (1565?-1652), nobleman, InquisitorInquisitorAn inquisitor was an official in an Inquisition, an organisation or program intended to eliminate heresy and other things frowned on by the Roman Catholic Church...
, and Viceroy of New SpainNew SpainNew Spain, formally called the Viceroyalty of New Spain , was a viceroyalty of the Spanish colonial empire, comprising primarily territories in what was known then as 'América Septentrional' or North America. Its capital was Mexico City, formerly Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec Empire...
, in office 1624–1635 (as Viceroy) - Pedro PáezPedro PáezPedro Páez Jaramillo was a Spanish Jesuit missionary in Ethiopia. Páez is considered by many experts on Ethiopia to be the most effective Catholic missionary in Ethiopia...
of Portugal (1564–1622), JesuitSociety of JesusThe Society of Jesus is a Catholic male religious order that follows the teachings of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits, and are also known colloquially as "God's Army" and as "The Company," these being references to founder Ignatius of Loyola's military background and a...
missionary who converted Malak Sagad III - Cardinal PamphiliPope Innocent XPope Innocent X , born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj , was Pope from 1644 to 1655. Born in Rome of a family from Gubbio in Umbria who had come to Rome during the pontificate of Pope Innocent IX, he graduated from the Collegio Romano and followed a conventional cursus honorum, following his uncle...
of Rome (1574–1655), Cardinal, NuncioNuncioNuncio is an ecclesiastical diplomatic title, derived from the ancient Latin word, Nuntius, meaning "envoy." This article addresses this title as well as derived similar titles, all within the structure of the Roman Catholic Church...
, and future Pope - Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu PappenheimGottfried Heinrich Graf zu PappenheimGottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim was field marshal of the Holy Roman Emperor in the Thirty Years' War.-Biography:...
(1594–1632), German field marshal - Hortensio Félix ParavicinoHortensio Félix ParavicinoHortensio Félix Paravicino y Arteaga was a Spanish preacher and poet from the noble house of Pallavicini....
of Spain (1580–1633), Court Preacher and poet - Richard ParryRichard Parry (bishop)Richard Parry was a bishop of St. Asaph and translator of the Bible to the Welsh language. He was born in 1560, the son of John ap Harri, from Pwllhalog, Cwm, Flintshire, and Ruthin, and his wife, Elen ferch Dafydd ap John, a lady from Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd, near Ruthin, North Wales.He was...
of Wales (1560–1623), Bishop of St AsaphBishop of St AsaphThe Bishop of St Asaph heads the Church in Wales diocese of St Asaph.The diocese covers the counties of Conwy and Flintshire, Wrexham county borough, the eastern part of Merioneth in Gwynedd and part of northern Powys. The Episcopal seat is located in the Cathedral Church of St Asaph in the town of...
and translator of the Bible into Welsh Language - Mustafa Pasha, governor of the Ottoman province of Syria
- Vincent de PaulVincent de PaulVincent de Paul was a priest of the Catholic Church who became dedicated to serving the poor. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. He was canonized in 1737....
of France (1581–1660), Catholic Priest - PecksuotPecksuotPecksuot was a chief of a Massachusett tribe in the early 17th century until his death in 1624. He was killed in the battle at Wessagusset Colony by Miles Standish. His death has been immortalized in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem The Courtship of Miles Standish....
(?–1624), MassachusettMassachusettThe Massachusett are a tribe of Native Americans who lived in areas surrounding Massachusetts Bay in what is now the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in particular present-day Greater Boston; they spoke the Massachusett language...
Chief - Nicolas-Claude Fabri de PeirescNicolas-Claude Fabri de PeirescNicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc was a French astronomer, antiquary and savant who maintained a wide correspondence with scientists and was a successful organizer of scientific inquiry...
of France (1580–1637), astronomer and antiquarian - Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of NorthumberlandAlgernon Percy, 10th Earl of NorthumberlandAlgernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, 4th Baron Percy, KG was an English military leader and a prominent supporter of constitutional monarchy.-Family background:...
of England (1602–1668), Member of Parliament and future soldier during the English Civil WarEnglish Civil WarThe English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists... - George PercyGeorge PercyGeorge Percy was an English explorer, author, and early Colonial Governor of Virginia.-Early life:George Percy was born in England, the youngest son of Henry Percy, 2nd/8th Earl of Northumberland and Lady Catherine Neville. He was sickly for much of his life, possibly suffering from epilepsy or...
of England (1580–1632?), explorer, author, soldier, and former governor of Virginia - Richard PerkinsRichard Perkins (17th-century actor)Richard Perkins was a prominent early seventeenth-century actor, most famous for his performance in the role of Barabas in Christopher Marlowe's The Jew of Malta...
of England (1585?-1650), actor - Peter PhilipsPeter PhilipsPeter Philips was an eminent English composer, organist, and Catholic priest exiled to Flanders...
of England (1560–1628), composer - Michael PraetoriusMichael PraetoriusMichael Praetorius was a German composer, organist, and music theorist. He was one of the most versatile composers of his age, being particularly significant in the development of musical forms based on Protestant hymns, many of which reflect an effort to make better the relationship between...
(1571–1621), German composer and Organist - Samuel PurchasSamuel PurchasSamuel Purchas , was an English travel writer, a near-contemporary of Richard Hakluyt.Purchas was born at Thaxted, Essex, and graduated at St John's College, Cambridge, in 1600; later he became a B.D., and with this degree was admitted at Oxford in 1615. In 1604 he was presented by James I to the...
of England (1575?–1626), travel writer - John PymJohn PymJohn Pym was an English parliamentarian, leader of the Long Parliament and a prominent critic of James I and then Charles I.- Early life and education :...
of England (1584–1643), Member of Parliament and future RoundheadRoundhead"Roundhead" was the nickname given to the supporters of the Parliament during the English Civil War. Also known as Parliamentarians, they fought against King Charles I and his supporters, the Cavaliers , who claimed absolute power and the divine right of kings...
supporter during the English Civil WarEnglish Civil WarThe English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists... - Francisco de QuevedoFrancisco de QuevedoFrancisco Gómez de Quevedo y Santibáñez Villegas was a Spanish nobleman, politician and writer of the Baroque era. Along with his lifelong rival, Luis de Góngora, Quevedo was one of the most prominent Spanish poets of the age. His style is characterized by what was called conceptismo...
of Spain (1580–1645), nobleman, politician, and writer - Albrycht Stanisław Radziwiłł of Lithuania (1595–1656), Grand Chancellor of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), in office 1623–1656
- Rembrandt of the Netherlands (1606–1669), painter and etcher
- Kiliaen van Rensselaer of the Netherlands (1596?–1642), merchant, member of the Dutch West India CompanyDutch West India CompanyDutch West India Company was a chartered company of Dutch merchants. Among its founding fathers was Willem Usselincx...
, and PatroonPatroonIn the United States, a patroon was a landholder with manorial rights to large tracts of land in the 17th century Dutch colony of New Netherland in North America...
of the Manor of Rensselaerswyck - Sir Thomas RoeThomas RoeSir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods. Roe was an accomplished scholar and a patron of learning.-Life:...
of England (c.1581–1644), diplomat - Henri de RohanHenri, duc de RohanHenri de Rohan, Viscount then Duke of Rohan , later duke of Rohan, French soldier, writer and leader of the Huguenots, was born at the Château de Blain , in Brittany....
of France (1579–1638), nobleman, soldier, writer, and leader of the Huguenots. - William RowleyWilliam RowleyWilliam Rowley was an English Jacobean dramatist, best known for works written in collaboration with more successful writers. His date of birth is estimated to have been c. 1585; he was buried on 11 February 1626...
of England (1585?-1626), playwright - Peter Paul Rubens of Flanders (1577–1640), painter
- Johannes RudbeckiusJohannes RudbeckiusJohannes Rudbeckius or Johannes Rudbeck , bishop at Västerås, Sweden, from 1619 until his death, and personal chaplain to King Gustavus II Adolphus ....
of Sweden (1581–1646), Lutheran bishop - Mulla SadraMulla SadraṢadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī also called Mulla Sadrā was a Persian Shia Islamic philosopher, theologian and ‘Ālim who led the Iranian cultural renaissance in the 17th century...
of Persia (1571–1636), philosopher and Shiite Islamic theologian - SamosetSamosetSamoset was the first Native American to make contact with the Pilgrims. On March 16, 1621, the settlers were more than surprised when Samoset strolled straight through the middle of the encampment at Plymouth Colony and greeted them in English, which he had begun to learn from an earlier group of...
(1590?–1655), Mohegan Sagamore and first Native American to encounter with the Settlers of the Plymouth Colony. - Sir Edwin SandysEdwin Sandys (American colonist)Sir Edwin Sandys was an English politician, a leading figure in the parliaments of James I of England. He was also one of the founders of the proprietary Virginia Company of London, which in 1607 established the first permanent English settlement in what is now the United States in the colony of...
(1561–1629), Colonial organizer of Virginia - George SandysGeorge SandysGeorge Sandys was an English traveller, colonist and poet.-Life:He was born in Bishopsthorpe, the seventh and youngest son of Edwin Sandys, archbishop of York. He studied at St Mary Hall, Oxford, but took no degree...
(1577–1644), English traveller, colonist, and poet - Lew SapiehaLew SapiehaLew Sapieha . He was born in Astrouna , near Vitsebsk, Belarus. He became Great Secretary of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1580, Great Clerk of the Grand Duchy in 1581, Court Chancellor of the GDL in 1585, Grand Chancellor of the GDL from 1589 until 1623, Voivode of Vilnius in 1621, Great...
of Lithuania (1557–1633), Grand Chancellor of Lithuania (part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth), in office 1589–1623 - Johann ScheinJohann ScheinJohann Hermann Schein was a German composer of the early Baroque era. He was born in Grünhain and died in Leipzig...
(1586–1630), German composer - Christoph ScheinerChristoph ScheinerChristoph Scheiner SJ was a Jesuit priest, physicist and astronomer in Ingolstadt....
(1573?-1650), German Jesuit priest, physicist and astronomer - Wilhelm SchickardWilhelm SchickardWilhelm Schickard was a German polymath who designed a calculating machine in 1623, twenty years before the Pascaline of Blaise Pascal. Unfortunately a fire destroyed the machine as it was being built in 1624 and Schickard decided to abandon his project...
(1592–1635), German inventor and mathematician - Julius SchillerJulius SchillerJulius Schiller was a lawyer from Augsburg, Germany, who like his fellow citizen and colleague Johann Bayer published a star atlas in celestial cartography....
of Bavaria (1580–1627), astronomer - Heinrich SchützHeinrich SchützHeinrich Schütz was a German composer and organist, generally regarded as the most important German composer before Johann Sebastian Bach and often considered to be one of the most important composers of the 17th century along with Claudio Monteverdi...
of Köstritz (1585–1672), composer and organist - Adam von Schwarzenberg (1583–1641), nobleman and Chancellor of Brandenburg-PrussiaBrandenburg-PrussiaBrandenburg-Prussia is the historiographic denomination for the Early Modern realm of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollerns between 1618 and 1701. Based in the Electorate of Brandenburg, the main branch of the Hohenzollern intermarried with the branch ruling the Duchy of Prussia, and secured succession...
- Alexander SeatonAlexander SeatonAlexander Seaton or Seton was a Scottish mercenary in Danish service during the Thirty Years' War. He served as a governor in the Battle of Stralsund and as an admiral in the Torstenson War.-Biography:...
of Scotland (?–1649?), Mercenary in the Service of Denmark - Pierre SéguierPierre Séguier-Early years:Born in Paris, France of a prominent legal family originating in Quercy. His grandfather, Pierre Séguier , was président à mortier in the parlement of Paris from 1554 to 1576, and the chancellor's father, Jean Séguier, a seigneur d'Autry, was civil lieutenant of Paris at the time of...
of France (1588–1672), president and mortier in the parlement of Paris and future chancellor of France - Alvaro SemedoAlvaro SemedoÁlvaro de Semedo , was a Portuguese Jesuit missionary in China.Alvaro Semedo was born in Niza, Portugal in 1585 or 1586...
of Portugal (1585?-1658), Jesuit missionary in ChinaJesuit China missionsThe history of the missions of the Jesuits in China is part of the history of relations between China and the Western world. The missionary efforts and other work of the Society of Jesus, or Jesuits, between the 16th and 17th century played a significant role in continuing the transmission of... - Juan Pérez de la SernaJuan Pérez de la SernaJuan Pérez de la Serna was born in Cervera, Spain and died in Zamora, Spain. He was the seventh Archbishop of Mexico. He served as archbishop from May 13, 1613 to June 19, 1627.- See also :...
(1573–1631), Archbishop of Mexico, held position 1613–1627 - Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of DunfermlineAlexander Seton, 1st Earl of DunfermlineAlexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline was a Scottish lawyer, judge and politician. He was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1598 to 1604 and Lord Chancellor of Scotland from 1604 to 1622....
of Scotland (1555–1622), lawyer, judge, and Lord Chancellor of Scotland - ShahajiShahajiShahaji Raje Bhosle was an early exponent of guerilla warfare. He was the eldest son of Maloji Bhosale of Verul . He brought the house of Bhosle into prominence. The princely states of Tanjore, Kolhapur and Satara are Bhosle legacies...
of Bijapur (1594–1664), Bijapurtan army chieftain - ShahryarShahryar (mughal prince)Prince Sheharyar was the youngest son of Jahangir by one of his wives. He was the stepson and son-in-law of Jahangir's empress, Nur Jahan by his marriage to Ladli Begum...
of India (1605–1638), Mughal Prince and Nur Jahan's (his stepmother) candidate to the throne of India - Shimazu TadatsuneShimazu Tadatsunewas a tozama daimyo of Satsuma, the first to hold it as a formal fief under the Tokugawa shogunate, and the first Japanese to rule over the Ryūkyū Kingdom...
(1576–1638), Daimyo of Satsuma - Robert ShirleyRobert ShirleySir Robert Shirley was an English traveler and adventurer, younger brother of Sir Anthony Shirley and of the adventurer Sir Thomas.-Diplomatic Activities:Robert went with his brother Anthony to Persia in 1598...
of England (1581–1628), traveller, adventurer, and diplomat - García de Silva FigueroaGarcía de Silva FigueroaDon García de Silva Figueroa was a Spanish diplomat, and the first Western traveller to correctly identify the ruins of Takht-e Jamshid in Persia as the location of Persepolis, the ancient capital of the Achaemenid Empire and one of the great cities of antiquity.- Life and work :De Silva was born...
of Spain (1550–1624), Spanish ambassador to Persia - John SmithJohn Smith of JamestownCaptain John Smith Admiral of New England was an English soldier, explorer, and author. He was knighted for his services to Sigismund Bathory, Prince of Transylvania and friend Mózes Székely...
(1580?–1631), English soldier, adventurer, and leader of the colonists of Jamestown in the Virginia Colony. - Willebrord SnelliusWillebrord SnelliusWillebrord Snellius was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. In the west, especially the English speaking countries, his name has been attached to the law of refraction of light for several centuries, but it is now known that this law was first discovered by Ibn Sahl in 984...
of the Netherlands (1580–1626), astronomer and mathematician - Jakub SobieskiJakub SobieskiJakub Sobieski was a Polish-Lithuanian noble, parliamentarian, diarist, political activist, military leader and father of King Jan III Sobieski. Son of castellan and voivode Marek Sobieski and Jadwiga Snopkowska.- Life :...
of Poland (1590–1646), nobleman, parliamentarian, and military leader - Luis SoteloLuis SoteloBlessed Luis Sotelo was a Franciscan friar who died as a martyr in Japan, in 1624, and was beatified by Pope Pius IX in 1867....
of Spain (1574–1624), FranciscanFranciscanMost Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
friar and martyr - Henri de SourdisHenri de SourdisHenri d'Escoubleau de Sourdis was a French naval commander and Archbishop of Bordeaux.Like many churchmen of his day, de Sourdis was a military man as well as a prelate. He fought in the Thirty Years' War and in 1628 served as commander of the artillery at the Siege of La Rochelle...
of France (1593–1645), Archbishop of Bordeaux and military commander - Joao Correia de Sousa, Governor of the Angola Colony, in office 1621–1623
- John SpeedJohn SpeedJohn Speed was an English historian and cartographer.-Life:He was born at Farndon, Cheshire, and went into his father's tailoring business where he worked until he was about 50...
of England (1552–1627), historian and cartographer - Ambrogio Spinola of Genoa (1569–1630), general in the service of Spain
- John SpottiswoodeJohn SpottiswoodeJohn Spottiswoode was an Archbishop of St Andrews, Primate of All Scotland and historian of Scotland.-Life:...
of Scotland (1565–1639), Archbishop of St. Andrews, historian, and future Lord Chancellor of Scotland - SquantoSquantoTisquantum was a Patuxet. He was the Native American who assisted the Pilgrims after their first winter in the New World and was integral to their survival. The Patuxet tribe was a tributary of the Wampanoag Confederacy.-Biography:Squanto's exact date of birth is unknown but many historians...
(1585?–1622), assist to and interpreter for the Pilgrims of the Plymouth colony who helped them stamp out the treaty between them and the Wampanoag. - Myles StandishMyles StandishMyles Standish was an English military officer hired by the Pilgrims as military advisor for Plymouth Colony. One of the Mayflower passengers, Standish played a leading role in the administration and defense of Plymouth Colony from its inception...
(1584–1656), English military advisor at the Plymouth Colony - James Stanley, 7th Earl of DerbyJames Stanley, 7th Earl of DerbyJames Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby KG was a supporter of the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.Born at Knowsley, he is sometimes styled the Great Earl of Derby, eldest son of William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby and Lady Elizabeth de Vere. During his father's life he was known as Lord Strange...
of England (1607–1651), nobleman and future Royalist commander during the English Civil War - Oliver St John, 5th Baron St John of BletsoOliver St John, 5th Baron St John of BletsoOliver St John, 5th Baron St John of Bletso was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1624 to 1629 and in the House of Lords from 1639. He died fighting in the Parliamentary army in the English Civil War....
(1603–1642), English politician and future Parliamentarian Army officer - Nicholas StoneNicholas StoneNicholas Stone was an English sculptor and architect. In 1619 he was appointed master-mason to James I, and in 1626 to Charles I....
of England (1587–1647), sculptor and architect - Sir John SucklingJohn Suckling (politician)Sir John Suckling was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1626.Suckling was the son of Robert Suckling mayor and MP of Norwich and his wife Elizabeth Barwick, daughter of William Barwick. He entered Gray's Inn on 22 May 1590. He was elected...
of England (1569–1627), Member of Parliament - Sun ChengzongSun ChengzongSun Chengzong was a Grand Secretary of the late Ming Dynasty. He also served as Troop Secretary....
of China, Grand Secretary and Commander-in-chief of Chinese Forces - Joachim Swartenhondt of the Netherlands (c.1566–1627), admiral
- TamblotTamblotTamblot was a babaylan or native priest from Bohol, Philippines who led the Tamblot Uprising in 1621 to 1622 during the Spanish era. He opposed the new religion spread by the Spaniards and fought against the subsequent conversion of the Boholanos to the Catholic faith. According to Legend, he...
of the Philippines (?–1622), Pagan priest and leader of the Tamblot UprisingTamblot UprisingThe Tamblot Uprising of 1621, also known as the Tamblot Revolution or Tamblot Revolt, was led by Tamblot, a babaylan or native priest from the island of Bohol in the Philippines. It was basically a religious conflict... - Alessandro TassoniAlessandro TassoniAlessandro Tassoni was an Italian poet and writer.- Life :He was born in Modena, to a noble family. In 1597, he began his service for the cardinal Colonna whom he followed to Spain. In 1603 he was back in Italy and moved to Rome.In 1612 he published anonymously the booklet Le Filippiche in which...
of Modena (1565–1635), Poet and writer - Tatobem (?–1632), Chief of the PequotPequotPequot people are a tribe of Native Americans who, in the 17th century, inhabited much of what is now Connecticut. They were of the Algonquian language family. The Pequot War and Mystic massacre reduced the Pequot's sociopolitical influence in southern New England...
- Hendrick ter BrugghenHendrick ter BrugghenHendrick Jansz ter Brugghen was a Dutch painter, and a leading member of the Dutch followers of Caravaggio — the so-called Dutch Caravaggisti.- Biography :...
of the Netherlands (1588–1629), painter - François ThijssenFrançois ThijssenFrançois Thijssen or Frans Thijsz was a Dutch explorer who explored the southern coast of Australia.He was the captain of the ship t Gulden Zeepaerdt when sailing from Cape of Good Hope to Batavia...
of the Netherlands (?–1638), explorer - Thomas TomkinsThomas TomkinsThomas Tomkins was an English composer of the late Tudor and early Stuart period. In addition to being one of the prominent members of the English madrigal school, he was a skilled composer of keyboard and consort music, and the last member of the English virginalist school.-Life:Tomkins was born...
of Wales (1572–1656), Cornish-Welsh composer - Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de TurenneHenri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de TurenneHenri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne,often called simply Turenne was the most illustrious member of the La Tour d'Auvergne family. He achieved military fame and became a Marshal of France...
of France (1611–1675), soldier and future Marshal of FranceMarshal of FranceThe Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements... - Sir John Trevor Jr. of Wales (1596–1673), PuritanPuritanThe Puritans were a significant grouping of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries. Puritanism in this sense was founded by some Marian exiles from the clergy shortly after the accession of Elizabeth I of England in 1558, as an activist movement within the Church of England...
Member of Parliament and future member of the Council of StateEnglish Council of StateThe English Council of State, later also known as the Protector's Privy Council, was first appointed by the Rump Parliament on 14 February 1649 after the execution of King Charles I....
during the Commonwealth of EnglandCommonwealth of EnglandThe Commonwealth of England was the republic which ruled first England, and then Ireland and Scotland from 1649 to 1660. Between 1653–1659 it was known as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland... - Sir Richard TrevorRichard Trevor (politician)Sir Richard Trevor was a Welsh landowner, soldier and politician.He was the eldest son of John Trevor of Trevalyn Hall, Denbighshire. He was the elder brother of Sir John Trevor, Sir Thomas Trevor and Sir Sackville Trevor...
of Wales (1558–1638), landowner, soldier and politician. - Sir Sackville TrevorSackville TrevorSir Sackville Trevor was a Welsh sea captain and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1625.Sackville Trevor was son of John Trevor of Trevalyn, Denbighshire, and the brother of Sir Richard Trevor, Sir John Trevor and Sit Thomas Trevor. He served with distinction under Admiral Howard of...
of Wales (1565–1633), Sea Captain and Member of Parliament - Thomas Trevor of England (1586–1656), Anglo-Welsh lawyer, Member of Parliament, and judge
- Nicolas TrigaultNicolas TrigaultNicolas Trigault was a Flemish Jesuit, and a missionary to China. He was also known by his latinised name Trigautius or Trigaultius, and his Chinese name Jīn Nígé .-Life and work:...
of France (1577–1628), Jesuit missionary in China - Trịnh Tùng of Vietnam (1549–1623), Trinh Lord (subnational ruler of Northern Vietnam), held position 1570–1623
- Trịnh Tráng of Vietnam (1571–1654), Trinh Lord (subnational ruler of Northern Vietnam), held position 1623–1654
- Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (1559–1632), German nobleman and co-Supreme commander of the forces of the Holy Roman Empire
- UncasUncasUncas was a sachem of the Mohegan who through his alliance with the English colonists in New England against other Indian tribes made the Mohegan the leading regional Indian tribe in lower Connecticut.-Early life and family:...
(c.1588–1683), Chief of the MoheganMoheganThe Mohegan tribe is an Algonquian-speaking tribe that lives in the eastern upper Thames River valley of Connecticut. Mohegan translates to "People of the Wolf". At the time of European contact, the Mohegan and Pequot were one people, historically living in the lower Connecticut region...
s, held position 1626–1683 - Honoré d'UrféHonoré d'UrféHonoré d'Urfé, marquis de Valromey, comte de Châteauneuf was a French novelist and miscellaneous writer.- Life :...
of France (1568–1625), writer - James UssherJames UssherJames Ussher was Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–56...
of Ireland (1581–1656), Anglican theologian, Archbishop of ArmaghArchbishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)The Anglican Archbishop of Armagh is the ecclesiastical head of the Church of Ireland, the metropolitan of the Province of Armagh and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Armagh....
, and Primate of All Ireland - Bernard de Nogaret de La Valette d'ÉpernonBernard de Nogaret de La Valette d'ÉpernonBernard de Nogaret de La Valette , duke of Épernon and a French general, was the son of Jean Louis de Nogaret de La Valette and Marguerite de Foix-Candale, granddaughter of the constable of Montmorency...
of France (1592–1661), nobleman and military commander - Jean Louis de Nogaret de La ValetteJean Louis de Nogaret de La ValetteJean Louis de Nogaret de La Valette , created Duke of Épernon, was a powerful member of the French nobility at the turn of the 17th century. He was deeply involved in plots and politics throughout his life....
of France (1554–1642), nobleman - Pietro Della VallePietro Della VallePietro della Valle was an Italian who traveled throughout Asia during the Renaissance period. His travels took him to the Holy Land, the Middle East, Northern Africa, and as Far as India.-Biography:...
of Rome (1586–1652), traveller - Anthony van DyckAnthony van DyckSir Anthony van Dyck was a Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England. He is most famous for his portraits of Charles I of England and his family and court, painted with a relaxed elegance that was to be the dominant influence on English portrait-painting for the next...
of Flanders (1599–1641), painter - Władysław VasaWładysław IV VasaWładysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648....
of Poland (1595–1648), Polish Prince, self-proclaimed Grand Duke of Moscow, and future King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Sir Henry Vaughan the Elder of Derwydd, Wales (1587?–1659?), Royalist Member of Parliament
- William VaughanWilliam Vaughan (writer)-Life:He was the son of Walter Vaughan and was born at Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire, Wales—his father's estate. He was descended from an ancient prince of Powys. He was brother to John Vaughan, 1st Earl of Carbery and Henry Vaughan , a well-known Royalist leader in the English Civil War...
of Wales (1575–1641), colonial investor and writer - Salomo de VeenboerSalomo de VeenboerIvan Dirkie De Veenboer was a 17th century Dutch corsair. A privateer during the Eighty Years' War, he later turned to piracy and became an officer under Simon the Dancer...
of the Netherlands (?–1620), Barbary pirate - Lope de VegaLope de VegaFélix Arturo Lope de Vega y Carpio was a Spanish playwright and poet. He was one of the key figures in the Spanish Golden Century Baroque literature...
of Spain (1562–1635), playwright and poet - Diego VelázquezDiego VelázquezDiego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez was a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist...
of Spain (1599–1660), painter - Horace Vere, 1st Baron Vere of Tilbury of England (1565–1635), Military leader
- Cornelius VermuydenCornelius VermuydenSir Cornelius Wasterdyk Vermuyden was a Dutch engineer who introduced Dutch reclamation methods to Britain, and made the first important attempts to drain The Fens of East Anglia.-Life:...
of the Netherlands (1590–1677), engineer - George Villiers, 1st Duke of BuckinghamGeorge Villiers, 1st Duke of BuckinghamGeorge Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham KG was the favourite, claimed by some to be the lover, of King James I of England. Despite a very patchy political and military record, he remained at the height of royal favour for the first two years of the reign of Charles I, until he was assassinated...
of England (1592–1628), nobleman, statesman, and military commander - Mutio VitelleschiMutio VitelleschiMutio Vitelleschi was the 6th Superior General of the Society of Jesus. He was the son of a noble Roman family. Although he was destined for a general ecclesiastical career, a growing desire to enter the Society of Jesus culminated in his taking private vows to enter the novitiate...
of Rome (1563–1645), Superior General of the Society of JesusSuperior General of the Society of JesusThe Superior General of the Society of Jesus is the official title of the leader of the Society of Jesus—the Roman Catholic religious order, also known as the Jesuits. He is generally addressed as Father General. The position carries the nickname of Black Pope, after his simple black priest's...
, held post 1615-1645 - Joost van den VondelJoost van den VondelJoost van den Vondel was a Dutch writer and playwright. He is considered the most prominent Dutch poet and playwright of the 17th century. His plays are the ones from that period that are still most frequently performed, and his epic Joannes de Boetgezant , on the life of John the Baptist, has...
of the Netherlands (1587–1679), writer and playwright - Luke WaddingLuke WaddingLuke Wadding was an Irish Franciscan friar and historian.-Life:Wadding was born in 16 October 1588 at Waterford to Walter Wadding of Waterford, a wealthy merchant, and his wife, Anastasia Lombard . Educated at the school of Mrs...
of Ireland (1588–1657), FranciscanFranciscanMost Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
friar, historian, and founder of the Pontifical Irish CollegePontifical Irish CollegeThe Pontifical Irish College is a Roman Catholic seminary for the training and education of priests, in Rome.-Foundation and early history:Towards the close of the sixteenth century, Pope Gregory XIII had sanctioned the foundation of an Irish college in Rome, and had assigned a large sum of money... - Albrecht von WallensteinAlbrecht von WallensteinAlbrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein , actually von Waldstein, was a Bohemian soldier and politician, who offered his services, and an army of 30,000 to 100,000 men during the Danish period of the Thirty Years' War , to the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II...
of Bohemia (1583–1634), co-Supreme commander of the forces of the Holy Roman Empire - Edmund WallerEdmund WallerEdmund Waller, FRS was an English poet and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1624 and 1679.- Early life :...
of England (1606–1687), Member of Parliament and poet - Sir James Ware of Ireland (1594–1666), historian and politician
- John WebsterJohn WebsterJohn Webster was an English Jacobean dramatist best known for his tragedies The White Devil and The Duchess of Malfi, which are often regarded as masterpieces of the early 17th-century English stage. He was a contemporary of William Shakespeare.- Biography :Webster's life is obscure, and the dates...
of England (1580–1634), playwright - Wei ZhongxianWei ZhongxianWei Zhongxian is considered by most historians as the most powerful and notorious eunuch in Chinese history. Originally a hoodlum and gambler, his initial name was Wei Si . He took the step of becoming a eunuch and entering palace service to escape from his creditors, taking the name Li Jinzhong...
of China (1568–1627), Eunuch - Thomas Wentworth Sr., 1st Earl of StraffordThomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of StraffordThomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford was an English statesman and a major figure in the period leading up to the English Civil War. He served in Parliament and was a supporter of King Charles I. From 1632 to 1639 he instituted a harsh rule as Lord Deputy of Ireland...
of England (1593–1641), statesman (specifically Member of Parliament and future Lord deputy and lieutenant of Ireland) - John White of England (1575–1648), Anglican priest and colonial organizer of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (not to be confused with John White the governor of the Roanoke ColonyRoanoke ColonyThe Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island in Dare County, present-day North Carolina, United States was a late 16th-century attempt to establish a permanent English settlement in what later became the Virginia Colony. The enterprise was financed and organized by Sir Walter Raleigh and carried out by...
) - WilhelmWilhelm, Duke of Saxe-WeimarWilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar , was a duke of Saxe-Weimar.Wilhelm was the fifth son of Johann, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt...
(1598–1662), Duke of Saxe-Weimar, r. 1620–1662 - John Williams of England (1582–1650), Lord ChancellorLord ChancellorThe Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State, ranking only after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign...
and future Archbishop of York - John WinthropJohn WinthropJohn Winthrop was a wealthy English Puritan lawyer, and one of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first major settlement in New England after Plymouth Colony. Winthrop led the first large wave of migrants from England in 1630, and served as governor for 12 of...
(1588–1649), Founder and future Governor of the Massachusetts Bay ColonyMassachusetts Bay ColonyThe Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, in New England, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston. The territory administered by the colony included much of present-day central New England, including portions...
(governor-elect in 1629) - Sir Henry WottonHenry WottonSir Henry Wotton was an English author and diplomat. He is often quoted as saying, "An ambassador is an honest gentleman sent to lie abroad for the good of his country." -Life:The son of Thomas Wotton , brother of Edward Wotton, 1st Baron Wotton, and grandnephew of the diplomat...
of England (1568–1639), author and diplomat - Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of SouthamptonHenry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of SouthamptonHenry Wriothesley , 3rd Earl of Southampton , was the second son of Henry Wriothesley, 2nd Earl of Southampton, and his wife Mary Browne, Countess of Southampton, daughter of the 1st Viscount Montagu...
of England (1573–1624), nobleman, patron of the theater, and colonial invester - Sir Richard WynnSir Richard Wynn, 2nd BaronetSir Richard Wynn, 2nd Baronet was an English courtier and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1649....
of Wales (1588–1649), BaronetBaronetA baronet or the rare female equivalent, a baronetess , is the holder of a hereditary baronetcy awarded by the British Crown...
, courtier, and Member of Parliament - Xu GuangqiXu GuangqiXu Guangqi , was a Chinese scholar-bureaucrat, agricultural scientist, astronomer, and mathematician in the Ming Dynasty. Xu was a colleague and collaborator of the Italian Jesuits Matteo Ricci and Sabatino de Ursis and they translated several classic Western texts into Chinese, including part of...
of China (1562–1633), Ming DynastyMing DynastyThe Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
bureaucrat, agricultural scientist, astronomer, and mathematician - Yamada NagamasaYamada Nagamasawas a Japanese adventurer who gained considerable influence in Ayutthaya kingdom at the beginning of the 17th century and became the governor of the Nakhon Si Thammarat in southern Thailand....
of Japan (1590–1630), adventurer, pirate, and military commander - George YeardleyGeorge YeardleySir George Yeardley was a plantation owner and three time colonial Governor of the British Colony of Virginia. A survivor of the Virginia Company of London's ill-fated Third Supply Mission, whose flagship, the Sea Venture, was shipwrecked on Bermuda for 10 months in 1609-10, he is best remembered...
(1587–1627), Plantation owner and Governor of the Virginia Colony, held office in 1616–1617, 1619–1621, 1626–1627 - Sir Henry YelvertonHenry Yelverton (attorney-general)-Life:The eldest son of Sir Christopher Yelverton and his wife, Margaret Catesby, he was born on 29 June 1566, it is said at Easton-Mauduit, his father's house in Northamptonshire. He became a barrister on 25 April 1593, and an ancient on 25 May of the same year. He was reader in 1607.In 1597, 1604...
of England (1566–1629), Attorney General for England and WalesAttorney General for England and WalesHer Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales, usually known simply as the Attorney General, is one of the Law Officers of the Crown. Along with the subordinate Solicitor General for England and Wales, the Attorney General serves as the chief legal adviser of the Crown and its government in...
, in office 1617-1621 - Yi GwalYi GwalYi Gwal was a general during the Joseon Dynasty, Korea. His family belonged to the Gosung Yi clan.Perhaps he is best known for his rebellion against the government of King Injo in 1624, but prior to that date, he was a very able and brilliant commander.-Background:In 1622, he joined the Injo...
of Korea (1587–1624), general - Yuan ChonghuanYuan ChonghuanYuan Chonghuan was a famed patriot and military commander of the Ming Dynasty who battled the Manchus in Liaoning. A commander of Cantonese origin, Yuan Chonghuan was known to have excelled in artillery warfare and successfully incorporated Western tactics with those of the East...
of China (1584–1630), military commander - Jakub ZadzikJakub ZadzikJakub Zadzik was a Polish Great Crown Secretary from 1613 to 1627, bishop of Chełmno from 1624, Crown Deputy Chancellor from 1627, Great Crown Chancellor from 1628 to 1635, bishop of Kraków from 1635, diplomat, szlachcic, magnate in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth...
of Poland (1582–1642), Grand Chancellor of Poland - Krzysztof ZbaraskiKrzysztof ZbaraskiKrzysztof Zbaraski was a Polish-Lithuanian member of the gentry social class...
of Poland (1580–1627), nobleman and Polish-Lithuanian ambassador to the Ottoman Empire - Stanisław Żółkiewski of Poland (1547–1620), nobleman, military commander, and Grand Chancellor of Poland
- Zu DashouZu DashouZu Dashou was a Ming General under Grand Secretary Sun Chengzong, Marshal Yuan Chonghuan and eventually Marshal Hong Chengchou. He later surrendered to Qing when he was surrounded and the Imperial Ming army commanded by Marshal Hong Chengchou sent to rescue Zu's garrison was defeated.-References:...
of China (?–1656), general - Zurab, Duke of Aragvi, Georgian nobleman and future assassin of Simon II of Kartli
In fiction
- The voyage of the Pilgrims, their first years of inhabitance in the New World, and the First Thanksgiving are often the subject of ThanksgivingThanksgiving (United States)Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a holiday celebrated in the United States on the fourth Thursday in November. It has officially been an annual tradition since 1863, when, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed a national day of thanksgiving to be celebrated on Thursday,...
themed Specials and short films. One of the most notable examples is the episode "The MayflowerMayflowerThe Mayflower was the ship that transported the English Separatists, better known as the Pilgrims, from a site near the Mayflower Steps in Plymouth, England, to Plymouth, Massachusetts, , in 1620...
voyagers" of the 1988 mini-series This is America, Charlie BrownThis Is America, Charlie BrownThis is America, Charlie Brown was an eight-part animated TV mini-series, depicting events in American history with characters from the Charles M. Schulz comic strip Peanuts. It aired from 1988 to 1989 on CBS. These eight episodes, originally released singly on videocassette, were released in a...
, which ABCAmerican Broadcasting CompanyThe American Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcasting television network. Created in 1943 from the former NBC Blue radio network, ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Company and is part of Disney-ABC Television Group. Its first broadcast on television was in 1948...
has often aired on Thanksgiving Day (except in 2006 and 2007) along with A Charlie Brown ThanksgivingA Charlie Brown ThanksgivingA Charlie Brown Thanksgiving is the tenth prime-time animated TV special based upon the popular comic strip Peanuts, by Charles M. Schulz. It was originally aired on the CBS network on November 20, 1973, and won an Emmy Award the following year...
. However Thanksgiving would not become established as a national holiday until 1863 when President Abraham LincolnAbraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. He successfully led his country through a great constitutional, military and moral crisis – the American Civil War – preserving the Union, while ending slavery, and...
proclaimed that it would be celebrated on the final Thursday in November. However, even then it did not become a federal holiday until 1941 by an act of legislation by the U.S. Congress. - The voyage and struggles of the Pilgrims have also been the subject of some pieces of literature including Of Plymouth PlantationOf Plymouth PlantationWritten over a period of years by the leader of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation is the single most complete authority for the story of the Pilgrims and the early years of the Colony they founded...
by William Bradford, who himself was an important figure of the 1620s, and Felicia HemansFelicia Hemans-Ancestry:Felicia Heman's paternal grandfather was George Browne of Passage, co. Cork, Ireland; her maternal grandparents were Elizabeth Haydock Wagner of Lancashire and Benedict Paul Wagner , wine importer at 9 Wolstenholme Square, Liverpool. Family legend gave the Wagners a Venetian origin;...
' classic poem, "The Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers." - The classic novel The Three MusketeersThe Three MusketeersThe Three Musketeers is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, first serialized in March–July 1844. Set in the 17th century, it recounts the adventures of a young man named d'Artagnan after he leaves home to travel to Paris, to join the Musketeers of the Guard...
by Alexandre Dumas, pèreAlexandre Dumas, pèreAlexandre Dumas, , born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie was a French writer, best known for his historical novels of high adventure which have made him one of the most widely read French authors in the world...
takes place in 1628. The story includes fictionalized versions of actual historical events of this year, such as the siege of La Rochelle and the assassination of the Duke of Buckingham. - The Angel's CommandThe Angel's CommandThe Angel's Command is a novel by Brian Jacques, author of the popular children's series Redwall, and the sequel to Castaways of the Flying Dutchman. It follows the adventures of an immortal boy and his dog as they face pirates and other dangers from the high seas to the mountains.The Angel’s...
, a children's adventure novel by British writer Brian JacquesBrian JacquesJames Brian Jacques was an English author best known for his Redwall series of novels and Castaways of the Flying Dutchman series. He also completed two collections of short stories entitled The Ribbajack & Other Curious Yarns and Seven Strange and Ghostly Tales.-Biography:Brian Jacques was born...
, is set in the year 1628. - The 1632 series1632 seriesThe 1632 series, also known as the 1632-verse or Ring of Fire series, is an alternate history book series and sub-series created, primarily co-written, and coordinated by Eric Flint and published by Baen Books...
, though set during the succeeding decade1630s-Deaths:* November 6, 1632 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden...
, features many characters, such as Louis XIII and Prime Minister Cardinal Richelieu of France, Gustavus II of Sweden, and Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand IIFerdinand II, Holy Roman EmperorFerdinand II , a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , and King of Hungary . His rule coincided with the Thirty Years' War.- Life :...
, who were active during the 1620s and uses events from the 1620s and Early 1630s as a backdrop, most notably the Thirty Year's War. - The Doctor WhoDoctor WhoDoctor Who is a British science fiction television programme produced by the BBC. The programme depicts the adventures of a time-travelling humanoid alien known as the Doctor who explores the universe in a sentient time machine called the TARDIS that flies through time and space, whose exterior...
audio drama The Church and the CrownThe Church and the CrownThe Church and the Crown is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.-Plot:...
takes place during the year 1626.