Demographics of Portugal
Encyclopedia
This article is about the demographic
features of the population
of Portugal
, including population density
, ethnicity
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 2010 Portugal
had 10,735,765 inhabitants.
Portugal is a fairly homogeneous country linguistically and religiously. Ethnically, the Portuguese people
are mainly a combination of Roman Iberian Hispanics (people from Hispania), Celtic tribes, Lusitanians
and others, with a fair amount of Roman
, Germanic
(Visigoths and Suevi) and some minor elements, essentially Arab
-Berbers
, and Jews
.
Furthermore the demographic development is characterized by three trends: increasing longevity, decreasing birth rates and an increasing percentage of population from foreign extraction.
Today, many Eastern Europe
ans (especially Ukrainians
, Moldova
ns, Romania
ns and Russia
ns), as well as Brazil
ians, are making Portugal their home. Portuguese is spoken throughout the country, with only the villages of Miranda do Douro
's Mirandese language
recognised as a locally co-official language.
and Porto
- Grande Área Metropolitana de Lisboa and Grande Área Metropolitana do Porto. Together they hold 43% of the total population.
s, de facto cities in mainland Portugal, per the new with increased density of human-created structures, and excluding suburban and rural areas, Portugal has two cities with about one million inhabitants each, ten others with more than 50,000 inhabitants and 14 cities with populations between 20,000 and 40,000 inhabitants.
Note: the following table does not include cities in the Portuguese islands of Madeira
and Azores
in mid-Atlantic. Ocean.
status (cidade). Every city is included into a municipality (município
). This is a list of population by city, which means that it refers to the number of inhabitants in the city proper, excluding inhabitants from the same municipality but living outside the urban area of the city in other civil parishes (freguesias) of the municipality. In some cases, the entire municipality and the city proper cover the same territory.
area; area is in km2; only for populations of over 100,000 inhabitants.
), is also recognised, and has special protection in the area of Miranda do Douro
.
In 1992, 1.3% of the population was foreign, by 2007 the number had grown to 4.1% or 435,736 people this number excludes an unknown number of illegal immigrants.
Since the independence of the former African colonies
, Portugal saw a steady immigration from Africa
, most notably Cape Verde
, Angola and Guinea-Bissau
, but also São Tomé and Príncipe
, Mozambique
and former Portuguese India
in Asia.
Portugal saw migration waves due to labour shortages since 1999, first from Eastern Europe (1999–2002), in two distinctive groups, a Slav (Ukraine, Russia and Bulgaria) and an East Latin (Romania and Moldavia), that stopped and started declining as the labour market became saturated.
Since 2003, most of the immigrants came from Brazil
, China
and the Indian subcontinent
. Family reunification was seen as important for a successful integration in the country, thus the government eased it, and in 2006, more than 6 in 10 new immigrants were family members of legal foreign residents in the country.
Other immigrant nationalities in Portugal such as Croatians, Hungarians, Nigeria
ns, Serbians
and Venezuela
ns are on the rise.
There is also a significant number of Western European residents in search of quality of life, namely British
, German
, French
, and Dutch
.
In 2008, SEF, the foreigners and borders bureau, started using a new integrated information system, incompatible with previous statistics. The foreign population grew 1% from 435 736 in 2007 to 440 277. One in four immigrants is Brazilian.
laws prohibit and penalize racial discrimination
in housing
, business
, and health
services. Approximately 332,137 (as of 2007) legal immigrants live in the country, representing approximately 5% of the population. The country also has a resident Romani (Gypsy) population of approximately 40,000 people.
Discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, access to health care, or the provision of other state services is illegal. The law mandates access to public buildings and to newly-built private buildings for such persons.
. There are also about 50,000 Muslims and 10,000 Hindu
s. Most of them came from Goa
, a former Portuguese colony
on the west coast of India
(Some Muslims also came from former Portuguese African colonies with important Muslim minorities: Guinea-Bissau
, Mozambique
, and São Tomé and Príncipe
). There are also about 1,000 Jews. Portugal is also home to less than 10,000 Buddhists
, mostly Chinese from Macau and a few Indians from Goa.
, J
, and E1b1b. While R1b, accounting for more than half of the lineages, is a characteristic marker of many different West European populations, haplogroups J and E1b1b and its subclades consist of lineages that are typical of the circum-Mediterranean region. The typical Berber
haplogroup E1b1b1b (M81)
is found as at a frequency of 5–6%.
and U5 alone account for almost half of the individuals. About 9% of the lineages found in Portugal belong to african lineages L
and U6.
Demographics
Demographics are the most recent statistical characteristics of a population. These types of data are used widely in sociology , public policy, and marketing. Commonly examined demographics include gender, race, age, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status, and even location...
features of the population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
, including population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
, ethnicity
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
As of 2010 Portugal
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
had 10,735,765 inhabitants.
Portugal is a fairly homogeneous country linguistically and religiously. Ethnically, the Portuguese people
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....
are mainly a combination of Roman Iberian Hispanics (people from Hispania), Celtic tribes, Lusitanians
Lusitanians
The Lusitanians were an Indo-European people living in the Western Iberian Peninsula long before it became the Roman province of Lusitania . They spoke the Lusitanian language which might have been Celtic. The modern Portuguese people see the Lusitanians as their ancestors...
and others, with a fair amount of Roman
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
, Germanic
Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin, identified by their use of the Indo-European Germanic languages which diversified out of Proto-Germanic during the Pre-Roman Iron Age.Originating about 1800 BCE from the Corded Ware Culture on the North...
(Visigoths and Suevi) and some minor elements, essentially Arab
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
-Berbers
Berber people
Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are continuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River. Historically they spoke the Berber language or varieties of it, which together form a branch...
, and Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
.
Furthermore the demographic development is characterized by three trends: increasing longevity, decreasing birth rates and an increasing percentage of population from foreign extraction.
Today, many Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of Europe. The term has widely disparate geopolitical, geographical, cultural and socioeconomic readings, which makes it highly context-dependent and even volatile, and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...
ans (especially Ukrainians
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, Moldova
Moldova
Moldova , officially the Republic of Moldova is a landlocked state in Eastern Europe, located between Romania to the West and Ukraine to the North, East and South. It declared itself an independent state with the same boundaries as the preceding Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1991, as part...
ns, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
ns and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
ns), as well as Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ians, are making Portugal their home. Portuguese is spoken throughout the country, with only the villages of Miranda do Douro
Miranda do Douro
Miranda do Douro or Miranda de l Douro , is a city in Miranda do Douro Municipality, district of Bragança, Portugal.The city has a population of 1,960.-General information:...
's Mirandese language
Mirandese language
The Mirandese language is a Romance language belonging to the Astur-Leonese linguistic group, sparsely spoken in a small area of northeastern Portugal, in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro, Mogadouro and Vimioso...
recognised as a locally co-official language.
Vital statistics since 1900
| Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 5 410 | 165 245 | 110 330 | 54 915 | 30.5 | 20.3 | 10.2 |
| 1901 | 5 460 | 170 773 | 114 130 | 56 643 | 31.3 | 20.9 | 10.4 |
| 1902 | 5 490 | 176 029 | 108 378 | 67 651 | 32.0 | 19.7 | 12.4 |
| 1903 | 5 560 | 183 138 | 111 685 | 71 453 | 33.0 | 20.1 | 12.8 |
| 1904 | 5 600 | 176 726 | 105 572 | 71 154 | 31.6 | 18.9 | 12.7 |
| 1905 | 5 660 | 179 746 | 112 756 | 66 990 | 31.8 | 20.0 | 11.8 |
| 1906 | 5 690 | 182 920 | 125 243 | 57 677 | 32.1 | 22.0 | 10.2 |
| 1907 | 5 730 | 176 417 | 113 254 | 63 163 | 30.7 | 19.7 | 11.0 |
| 1908 | 5 790 | 175 268 | 115 876 | 59 392 | 30.3 | 20.0 | 10.2 |
| 1909 | 5 850 | 174 753 | 112 421 | 62 332 | 29.9 | 19.2 | 10.8 |
| 1910 | 5 890 | 186 953 | 113 161 | 73 792 | 31.7 | 19.2 | 12.6 |
| 1911 | 5 960 | 230 033 | 130 900 | 99 133 | 38.6 | 22.0 | 16.6 |
| 1912 | 5 960 | 207 870 | 119 578 | 88 292 | 34.9 | 20.1 | 14.8 |
| 1913 | 5 970 | 193 906 | 123 054 | 70 852 | 32.5 | 20.6 | 11.9 |
| 1914 | 5 980 | 188 479 | 115 526 | 72 953 | 31.5 | 19.3 | 12.0 |
| 1915 | 5 990 | 195 225 | 122 513 | 72 712 | 32.6 | 20.5 | 12.0 |
| 1916 | 6 000 | 192 780 | 129 389 | 63 391 | 32.1 | 21.6 | 10.7 |
| 1917 | 6 000 | 188 391 | 134 082 | 54 309 | 31.4 | 22.3 | 9.0 |
| 1918 | 6 020 | 178 687 | 248 978 | -70 291 | 29.7 | 41.4 | -11.6 |
| 1919 | 6 020 | 166 162 | 152 856 | 13 306 | 27.6 | 25.4 | 2.2 |
| 1920 | 6 040 | 202 908 | 142 862 | 60 046 | 33.6 | 23.7 | 9.9 |
| 1921 | 6 070 | 197 022 | 126 316 | 70 706 | 32.4 | 20.8 | 11.7 |
| 1922 | 6 170 | 203 727 | 125 747 | 77 980 | 33.1 | 20.4 | 12.6 |
| 1923 | 6 240 | 207 172 | 141 775 | 65 397 | 33.2 | 22.7 | 10.4 |
| 1924 | 6 310 | 207 440 | 126 052 | 81 388 | 32.8 | 20.0 | 12.8 |
| 1925 | 6 370 | 208 434 | 117 413 | 91 021 | 32.6 | 18.4 | 14.3 |
| 1926 | 6 470 | 214 633 | 127 959 | 86 674 | 33.5 | 19.8 | 13.8 |
| 1927 | 6 550 | 199 399 | 123 382 | 76 017 | 31.0 | 18.8 | 12.2 |
| 1928 | 6 620 | 211 314 | 124 088 | 87 226 | 31.9 | 18.7 | 13.1 |
| 1929 | 6 720 | 200 874 | 118 824 | 82 050 | 29.9 | 17.7 | 12.2 |
| 1930 | 6 804 | 202 529 | 116 352 | 86 177 | 29.7 | 17.1 | 12.8 |
| 1931 | 6 860 | 204 120 | 115 225 | 88 895 | 29.7 | 16.8 | 13.0 |
| 1932 | 6 968 | 208 062 | 118 895 | 89 167 | 29.9 | 17.1 | 12.8 |
| 1933 | 7 057 | 204 315 | 120 996 | 83 319 | 28.9 | 17.2 | 11.8 |
| 1934 | 7 147 | 203 158 | 118 539 | 84 619 | 28.4 | 16.6 | 11.8 |
| 1935 | 7 237 | 203 943 | 123 051 | 80 892 | 28.2 | 17.0 | 11.2 |
| 1936 | 7 326 | 205 615 | 119 003 | 86 612 | 28.1 | 16.2 | 11.8 |
| 1937 | 7 416 | 198 217 | 117 291 | 80 926 | 26.7 | 15.8 | 10.9 |
| 1938 | 7 506 | 199 467 | 115 331 | 84 136 | 26.6 | 15.4 | 11.2 |
| 1939 | 7 595 | 198 888 | 116 075 | 82 813 | 26.2 | 15.3 | 10.9 |
| 1940 | 7 696 | 187 892 | 120 486 | 67 406 | 24.4 | 15.7 | 8.8 |
| 1941 | 7 750 | 184 336 | 134 937 | 49 399 | 23.8 | 17.4 | 6.4 |
| 1942 | 7 810 | 187 503 | 126 531 | 60 972 | 24.0 | 16.1 | 7.8 |
| 1943 | 7 890 | 198 101 | 121 887 | 76 214 | 25.1 | 15.3 | 9.7 |
| 1944 | 7 960 | 201 373 | 119 275 | 82 098 | 25.3 | 14.8 | 10.3 |
| 1945 | 8 040 | 209 131 | 115 596 | 93 535 | 26.0 | 14.2 | 11.6 |
| 1946 | 8 100 | 205 825 | 120 800 | 85 025 | 25.4 | 14.9 | 10.5 |
| 1947 | 8 180 | 200 488 | 110 437 | 90 051 | 24.5 | 13.5 | 11.0 |
| 1948 | 8 262 | 220 981 | 107 576 | 113 405 | 26.7 | 13.0 | 13.7 |
| 1949 | 8 333 | 212 260 | 117 499 | 94 761 | 25.5 | 14.1 | 11.4 |
| 1950 | 8 405 | 205 163 | 102 798 | 102 365 | 24.4 | 12.2 | 12.2 |
| 1951 | 8 459 | 207 870 | 105 473 | 102 397 | 24.6 | 12.5 | 12.1 |
| 1952 | 8 496 | 211 213 | 100 486 | 110 727 | 24.9 | 11.8 | 13.0 |
| 1953 | 8 534 | 202 135 | 97 460 | 104 675 | 23.7 | 11.4 | 12.3 |
| 1954 | 8 570 | 197 536 | 95 088 | 102 448 | 23.0 | 11.1 | 12.0 |
| 1955 | 8 610 | 209 790 | 99 472 | 110 318 | 24.4 | 11.6 | 12.8 |
| 1956 | 8 647 | 202 667 | 106 919 | 95 748 | 23.4 | 12.4 | 11.1 |
| 1957 | 8 680 | 211 494 | 101 784 | 109 710 | 24.4 | 11.7 | 12.6 |
| 1958 | 8 725 | 212 467 | 91 891 | 120 576 | 24.4 | 10.5 | 13.8 |
| 1959 | 8 776 | 213 062 | 97 754 | 115 308 | 24.3 | 11.1 | 13.1 |
| 1960 | 8 943 | 213 895 | 95 007 | 118 888 | 23.9 | 10.6 | 13.3 |
| 1961 | 8 938 | 217 516 | 99 590 | 117 926 | 24.3 | 11.1 | 13.2 |
| 1962 | 9 020 | 220 200 | 96 864 | 123 336 | 24.4 | 10.7 | 13.7 |
| 1963 | 9 082 | 212 152 | 98 011 | 114 141 | 23.4 | 10.8 | 12.6 |
| 1964 | 9 123 | 217 136 | 96 878 | 120 258 | 23.8 | 10.6 | 13.2 |
| 1965 | 9 129 | 210 299 | 95 187 | 115 112 | 23.0 | 10.4 | 12.6 |
| 1966 | 9 109 | 206 940 | 100 088 | 106 852 | 22.7 | 11.0 | 11.7 |
| 1967 | 9 103 | 202 061 | 95 816 | 106 245 | 22.2 | 10.5 | 11.7 |
| 1968 | 9 115 | 194 962 | 94 661 | 100 301 | 21.4 | 10.4 | 11.0 |
| 1969 | 9 097 | 189 739 | 101 088 | 88 651 | 20.9 | 11.1 | 9.7 |
| 1970 | 8 869 | 180 690 | 93 093 | 87 597 | 20.4 | 10.5 | 9.9 |
| 1971 | 8 644 | 181 243 | 98 688 | 82 555 | 21.0 | 11.4 | 9.6 |
| 1972 | 8 631 | 174 685 | 90 315 | 84 370 | 20.2 | 10.5 | 9.8 |
| 1973 | 8 633 | 172 324 | 95 435 | 76 889 | 20.0 | 11.1 | 8.9 |
| 1974 | 8 754 | 171 979 | 96 928 | 75 051 | 19.6 | 11.1 | 8.6 |
| 1975 | 9 093 | 179 648 | 97 936 | 81 712 | 19.8 | 10.8 | 9.0 |
| 1976 | 9 355 | 186 712 | 102 027 | 84 685 | 20.0 | 10.9 | 9.1 |
| 1977 | 9 455 | 181 064 | 96 111 | 84 953 | 19.2 | 10.2 | 9.0 |
| 1978 | 9 558 | 167 467 | 96 194 | 71 273 | 17.5 | 10.1 | 7.5 |
| 1979 | 9 661 | 160 311 | 92 732 | 67 579 | 16.6 | 9.6 | 7.0 |
| 1980 | 9 766 | 158 352 | 94 971 | 63 381 | 16.2 | 9.7 | 6.5 |
| 1981 | 9 852 | 152 102 | 95 892 | 56 210 | 15.4 | 9.7 | 5.7 |
| 1982 | 9 912 | 151 029 | 92 551 | 58 478 | 15.3 | 9.4 | 5.9 |
| 1983 | 9 955 | 144 327 | 96 367 | 47 960 | 14.6 | 9.7 | 4.9 |
| 1984 | 9 989 | 142 805 | 97 227 | 45 578 | 14.4 | 9.8 | 4.6 |
| 1985 | 10 011 | 130 492 | 97 339 | 33 153 | 13.2 | 9.8 | 3.3 |
| 1986 | 10 011 | 126 748 | 95 828 | 30 920 | 12.7 | 9.6 | 3.1 |
| 1987 | 9 994 | 123 218 | 95 423 | 27 795 | 12.3 | 9.5 | 2.8 |
| 1988 | 9 968 | 122 121 | 98 236 | 23 885 | 12.3 | 9.9 | 2.4 |
| 1989 | 9 937 | 118 560 | 96 220 | 22 340 | 11.9 | 9.7 | 2.2 |
| 1990 | 9 899 | 116 383 | 103 115 | 13 268 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 1.3 |
| 1991 | 9 954 | 116 415 | 104 361 | 12 054 | 11.7 | 10.5 | 1.2 |
| 1992 | 9 963 | 115 018 | 101 161 | 13 857 | 11.5 | 10.2 | 1.4 |
| 1993 | 9 974 | 114 030 | 106 384 | 7 646 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 0.8 |
| 1994 | 9 998 | 109 287 | 99 621 | 9 666 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 1.0 |
| 1995 | 10 025 | 107 184 | 103 939 | 3 245 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 0.3 |
| 1996 | 10 048 | 110 363 | 107 259 | 3 104 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 0.3 |
| 1997 | 10 076 | 113 047 | 105 157 | 7 890 | 11.2 | 10.4 | 0.8 |
| 1998 | 10 112 | 113 510 | 106 574 | 6 936 | 11.2 | 10.5 | 0.7 |
| 1999 | 10 154 | 116 038 | 108 268 | 7 770 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 0.8 |
| 2000 | 10 211 | 120 071 | 105 813 | 14 258 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 1.4 |
| 2001 | 10 299 | 112 825 | 105 582 | 7 243 | 11.0 | 10.3 | 0.7 |
| 2002 | 10 368 | 114 456 | 106 690 | 7 766 | 11.0 | 10.3 | 0.7 |
| 2003 | 10 441 | 112 589 | 109 148 | 3 441 | 10.8 | 10.5 | 0.3 |
| 2004 | 10 502 | 109 356 | 102 371 | 6 985 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 0.7 |
| 2005 | 10 550 | 109 457 | 107 839 | 1 618 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 0.2 |
| 2006 | 10 585 | 105 514 | 102 362 | 3 152 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 0.3 |
| 2007 | 10 609 | 102 567 | 103 888 | -1 321 | 9.7 | 9.8 | -0.1 |
| 2008 | 10 623 | 104 594 | 104 280 | 314 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 0.0 |
| 2009 | 10 633 | 99 491 | 104 434 | -4 943 | 9.4 | 9.8 | -0.5 |
| 2010 |
Metropolitan areas
As of 2001 Census, Portugal had two significant agglomerations: Lisbon Metropolitan Region 2.82 million inhabitants and Porto Metropolitan Agglomeration with 1.68 million people. These broader agglomerations are distinct from the political metropolitan areas of LisbonLisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...
and Porto
Porto
Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...
- Grande Área Metropolitana de Lisboa and Grande Área Metropolitana do Porto. Together they hold 43% of the total population.
| Image | City | Metropolitan area | Subregion | Core municipality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lisbon Lisbon Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban... |
2,815,851 million | 2,037,823 | 545,245 | |
| Porto Porto Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes... |
1,679,854 million | 1,286,139 | 237,559 |
Largest urban areas
When considering the number of inhabitants in consistent single urban areaUrban area
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further...
s, de facto cities in mainland Portugal, per the new with increased density of human-created structures, and excluding suburban and rural areas, Portugal has two cities with about one million inhabitants each, ten others with more than 50,000 inhabitants and 14 cities with populations between 20,000 and 40,000 inhabitants.
Note: the following table does not include cities in the Portuguese islands of Madeira
Madeira
Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between and , just under 400 km north of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in the north Atlantic Ocean and an outermost region of the European Union...
and Azores
Azores
The Archipelago of the Azores is composed of nine volcanic islands situated in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is located about west from Lisbon and about east from the east coast of North America. The islands, and their economic exclusion zone, form the Autonomous Region of the...
in mid-Atlantic. Ocean.
| City | Metropolitan Area | Agglomeration |
|---|---|---|
| Cities with about 50,000 inh. (2001 Census) | ||
| Leiria Leiria Leiria is a city in Leiria Municipality in the Centro Region, Portugal. It is the capital of Leiria District. The city proper has 50,200 inhabitants and the entire municipality has nearly 120,000... |
Lisbon Metropolitan Region | |
| Portimão Portimão Portimão is a Portuguese town located in the District of Faro in the Region of Algarve, the southern coast of Portugal. It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão . In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. The town has 41,000 inhabitants and the Portimão... |
||
| Faro Faro, Portugal Faro is the southernmost city in Portugal. It is located in the Faro Municipality in southern Portugal. The city proper has 41,934 inhabitants and the entire municipality has 58,305. It is the seat of the Faro District and capital of the Algarve region... |
||
| Évora Évora Évora is a municipality in Portugal. It has total area of with a population of 55,619 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Évora District and capital of the Alentejo region. The municipality is composed of 19 civil parishes, and is located in Évora District.... |
||
| Cities with about 40,000 inh. (2001 Census) | ||
| Viana do Castelo | ||
| Covilhã Covilhã Covilhã is a city in Covilha Municipality in Centro region, Portugal. The city proper has 36,723 inhabitants, and the municipality has an area of 555.6 km² with a total population of 53,501, being composed of 31 parishes. It is located in the Cova da Beira subregion, in the district of... |
||
| Castelo Branco Castelo Branco, Portugal The city of Castelo Branco is made up of one parish with a population of 30,649.It is located in Castelo Branco Municipality in Castelo Branco District.-History and landmarks:... |
||
| Santarém Santarém, Portugal Santarém is a city in the Santarém Municipality in Portugal. The city itself has a population of 28,760 and the entire municipality has 64,124 inhabitants.It is the capital of Santarém District.... |
Lisbon Metropolitan Region | |
| Alverca do Ribatejo Alverca do Ribatejo Alverca do Ribatejo is a city and a parish in Vila Franca de Xira Municipality in Portugal. It covers an area of 17.89 km² and had a population of 29,086 as of 2001. It was promoted to city status in 1990. It is a city and a suburb near the Tagus River , in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area... |
Lisbon Metropolitan Region | |
| Vila Nova de Famalicão Vila Nova de Famalicão Vila Nova de Famalicão is a municipality in the district of Braga, in the north of Portugal. It is composed of 49 parishes.The municipality has a population of 131,690 inhabitants and a total area of 201.7.... |
Northern Littoral Urban-Metropolitan Region | |
| Figueira da Foz Figueira da Foz Figueira da Foz , also known as Figueira for short, is a municipality in the Coimbra District, in Portugal. It is located at the mouth of the Mondego River, 40 km west of Coimbra, and sheltered by hills .... |
||
| Guarda Guarda, Portugal Guarda is a city in Guarda Municipality, Portugal. The city has a population of 32 111Guarda was founded in 1199 by the second king of Portugal, Sancho I.... |
||
| Caldas da Rainha Caldas da Rainha Caldas da Rainha is a city in western central Portugal. The city serves as the seat of the larger municipality of the same name and is the seat of the Comunidade Intermunicipal do Oeste... |
Lisbon Metropolitan Region | |
| Olhão Olhão Olhão , or Olhão da Restauração, is a city and a municipality in the Algarve region, in Southern Portugal. It is located near Faro, which is the district's capital and the capital of the Algarve. It is mostly a fishing port city... |
||
| Santo Tirso Santo Tirso Santo Tirso is a city and municipality located in the north of Porto Metropolitan Area, Porto District, Portugal. In the region, the Ave Valley, there is a large center of textile industry.... |
Greater Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Northern Littoral Urban-Metropolitan Region |
| Vila Real | ||
| Póvoa de Santa Iria Póvoa de Santa Iria Póvoa de Santa Iria is a city and civil parish in the municipality of Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal.... |
Greater Lisbon | Lisbon Metropolitan Region |
Largest cities
Portugal has 151 localities with cityCity
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
status (cidade). Every city is included into a municipality (município
Municipalities of Portugal
In Portugal, municipality or concelho is the most stable subdivision of Portugal since the foundation of the country.Portugal has an entirely separate system of cities and towns. Cities and towns are located in municipalities, but often do not have the same boundaries, even if built-up is continuous...
). This is a list of population by city, which means that it refers to the number of inhabitants in the city proper, excluding inhabitants from the same municipality but living outside the urban area of the city in other civil parishes (freguesias) of the municipality. In some cases, the entire municipality and the city proper cover the same territory.
| Rank | City name | Population | Metropolitan area | Subregion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lisbon Lisbon Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban... |
564,657 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa is a Portuguese NUTS III subregion integrated in the Lisboa Region. It includes the capital city of Portugal - Lisbon . It is the main economical subregion of the country. It covers 1,376 km² and is the most populated and densely populated Portuguese subregion... |
| 2 | Porto Porto Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes... |
263,131 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 3 | Braga Braga Braga , a city in the Braga Municipality in northwestern Portugal, is the capital of the Braga District, the oldest archdiocese and the third major city of the country. Braga is the oldest Portuguese city and one of the oldest Christian cities in the World... |
181,590 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Minho Greater Metropolitan Area of Minho Greater Metropolitan Area of Minho is an administrative division in Portugal. It consists of 13 municipalities that makes the third most populous metropolitan area in the country. They spread over three subregions: Ave , Cávado and Tâmega... |
Cávado Cávado Cávado is a subregion that is integrated in the Portuguese region of Norte. It has 6 municipalities or Concelhos and is centered in the city of Braga . With an area of 1,243 km² and a population of 404,681 inhabitants, it is one of the most densely populated subregions of Portugal... |
| 4 | Vila Nova de Gaia Vila Nova de Gaia Vila Nova de Gaia, or simply Gaia is a city in Vila Nova de Gaia Municipality, Portugal. It is located in the Porto District, south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River. The city proper has a population of 178,255 and the municipality contains 24 parishes with a total... |
178,255 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 5 | Amadora Amadora Amadora is a city and a municipality in Portugal, in the northwest of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The city and municipality population is 175,872 in eleven freguesias . With an area of 23.77 km², it is the most densely populated municipality of Portugal... |
175,872 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa is a Portuguese NUTS III subregion integrated in the Lisboa Region. It includes the capital city of Portugal - Lisbon . It is the main economical subregion of the country. It covers 1,376 km² and is the most populated and densely populated Portuguese subregion... |
| 6 | Almada Almada Almada is a municipality in Portugal, covering an area of 70.2 km² located on the southern margin of the Tagus River. Its municipal population in 2008 was 164,844 inhabitants; the urbanized center had a population of 102,357.The seat is the city of Almada.... |
101,500 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Península de Setúbal Península de Setúbal The Península de Setúbal is a NUTS III subdivision of Lisbon Region , in Portugal. The subregion's administrative center is Setúbal, and the largest cities are Almada and Setúbal.It takes its name from the Setúbal Peninsula.Area: 1,729 km²... |
| 7 | Coimbra Coimbra Coimbra is a city in the municipality of Coimbra in Portugal. Although it served as the nation's capital during the High Middle Ages, it is better-known for its university, the University of Coimbra, which is one of the oldest in Europe and the oldest academic institution in the... |
101,069 | Baixo Mondego Baixo Mondego Baixo Mondego is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion that comprises the lower part of the Mondego River. It is a subregion of the Centro Region and is centered on the historical city of Coimbra... |
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| 8 | Funchal Funchal Funchal is the largest city, the municipal seat and the capital of Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira. The city has a population of 112,015 and has been the capital of Madeira for more than five centuries.-Etymology:... |
100,526 | Madeira Madeira Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between and , just under 400 km north of Tenerife, Canary Islands, in the north Atlantic Ocean and an outermost region of the European Union... |
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| 9 | Setúbal Setúbal Setúbal is the main city in Setúbal Municipality in Portugal with a total area of 172.0 km² and a total population of 118,696 inhabitants in the municipality. The city proper has 89,303 inhabitants.... |
89,303 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Península de Setúbal Península de Setúbal The Península de Setúbal is a NUTS III subdivision of Lisbon Region , in Portugal. The subregion's administrative center is Setúbal, and the largest cities are Almada and Setúbal.It takes its name from the Setúbal Peninsula.Area: 1,729 km²... |
| 10 | Agualva-Cacém Agualva-Cacém Agualva-Cacém is a Portuguese city located in Sintra Municipality. It comprises the parishes of Agualva, Cacém, Mira-Sintra, and São Marcos. The city has a population of 81,845. It is mainland Europe's westernmost city.... |
81,845 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa is a Portuguese NUTS III subregion integrated in the Lisboa Region. It includes the capital city of Portugal - Lisbon . It is the main economical subregion of the country. It covers 1,376 km² and is the most populated and densely populated Portuguese subregion... |
| 11 | Queluz Queluz (Sintra) Queluz is a Portuguese city and parish ,located in the municipality of Sintra, in the Lisbon District. The city of Queluz, which includes the parishes of Queluz, Massamá and Monte Abraão, has a combined population of approximately 111,424 and it is located in the municipality of Sintra, in the... |
78,040 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa is a Portuguese NUTS III subregion integrated in the Lisboa Region. It includes the capital city of Portugal - Lisbon . It is the main economical subregion of the country. It covers 1,376 km² and is the most populated and densely populated Portuguese subregion... |
| 12 | Aveiro | 55,291 | Baixo Vouga Baixo Vouga Baixo Vouga is a Portuguese subregion integrated in the Centro Region. It is centered around the city of Aveiro. Other major cities include Águeda, Ílhavo and Ovar. The subregion covers an area of 1,807 km² and has a population of 394,393 inhabitants for an overall density of 218 hab/km²... |
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| 13 | Guimarães Guimarães Guimarães Municipality is located in northwestern Portugal in the province of Minho and in the Braga District. It contains the city of Guimarães.The present Mayor is António Magalhães Silva, elected by the Socialist Party.-Parishes:-Economy:... |
52,181 | Ave Ave, Subregion Ave is a subregion integrated in the larger Norte Region, Portugal. Is bordered to the north by Cávado Subregion, to the east and south by Tâmega Subregion and to the west by Grande Porto Subregion. It is a densely populated subregion and one of the more industrialized in the country... |
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| 14 | Odivelas Odivelas Odivelas is a civil parish in Odivelas Municipality in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal.. The city has a population of 50,846. The municipality is composed of 7 parishes, and is located in the District of Lisbon.... |
50,846 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa Grande Lisboa is a Portuguese NUTS III subregion integrated in the Lisboa Region. It includes the capital city of Portugal - Lisbon . It is the main economical subregion of the country. It covers 1,376 km² and is the most populated and densely populated Portuguese subregion... |
| 15 | Rio Tinto Rio Tinto (Gondomar) Rio Tinto is a Portuguese city and parish, located in Gondomar Municipality, in northern Portugal. It has a population of 50 762 inhabitants and a total area of 9.5 km².... |
47,695 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 16 | Viseu Viseu Viseu is both a city and a municipality in the Dão-Lafões Subregion of Centro Region, Portugal. The municipality, with an area of 507.1 km², has a population of 99,593 , and the city proper has 47,250... |
47,250 | Dão-Lafões Dão-Lafões Dão-Lafões is a Portuguese NUTS III sub-region in the Centro Region. It is located in central Portugal, and has an approximate area of 3,483 km² and 286,315 inhabitants. Its largest city is Viseu Dão-Lafões is a Portuguese NUTS III sub-region in the Centro Region. It is located in central... |
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| 17 | Ponta Delgada Ponta Delgada Ponta Delgada is a city and municipality on the island of São Miguel in the archipelago of the Azores, an autonomous region of Portugal. It includes 44,403 residents in the urban area, and approximately 20,113 inhabitants in the three central parishes that comprise the historical city: São Pedro,... |
46,102 | Açores | |
| 18 | Matosinhos Matosinhos Matosinhos Municipality is located in Porto District, Portugal. The main city is Matosinhos. It is bordered to the south by the city of Porto and lies within the Greater Porto subregion. The municipality has a population of 168,451 in 10 parishes. Many people have recently moved from the... |
45,703 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 19 | Amora | 44,515 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Península de Setúbal Península de Setúbal The Península de Setúbal is a NUTS III subdivision of Lisbon Region , in Portugal. The subregion's administrative center is Setúbal, and the largest cities are Almada and Setúbal.It takes its name from the Setúbal Peninsula.Area: 1,729 km²... |
| 20 | Leiria Leiria Leiria is a city in Leiria Municipality in the Centro Region, Portugal. It is the capital of Leiria District. The city proper has 50,200 inhabitants and the entire municipality has nearly 120,000... |
42,745 | Pinhal Litoral | |
| 21 | Faro Faro, Portugal Faro is the southernmost city in Portugal. It is located in the Faro Municipality in southern Portugal. The city proper has 41,934 inhabitants and the entire municipality has 58,305. It is the seat of the Faro District and capital of the Algarve region... |
41,934 | Algarve | |
| 22 | Évora Évora Évora is a municipality in Portugal. It has total area of with a population of 55,619 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Évora District and capital of the Alentejo region. The municipality is composed of 19 civil parishes, and is located in Évora District.... |
41,159 | Alentejo Central Alentejo Central Alentejo Central is a NUTS3 subregion of Alentejo Region, in Portugal. Alentejo Central is composed entirely of the Évora District minus the municipality of Mora, but including one municipality of the Portalegre District, Sousel.... |
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| 23 | Barreiro | 40,859 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon | Península de Setúbal Península de Setúbal The Península de Setúbal is a NUTS III subdivision of Lisbon Region , in Portugal. The subregion's administrative center is Setúbal, and the largest cities are Almada and Setúbal.It takes its name from the Setúbal Peninsula.Area: 1,729 km²... |
| 24 | Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim is a Portuguese city in the Norte Region and sub-region of Greater Porto, with a 2011 estimated population of 63,364. According to the 2001 census, there were 63,470 inhabitants with 42,396 living in the city proper. The urban area expanded, southwards, to Vila do Conde, and there... |
38,643 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 25 | Ermesinde Ermesinde Ermesinde is a Portuguese city located in the municipality of Valongo, 9 km northeast from Porto. It has a population of about 40,000 inhabitants and an area of about 7 km². This means that although being the smallest of the civil parishes in Valongo's municipality, it's the most highly... |
38,270 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 26 | Viana do Castelo | 36,148 | Minho-Lima Minho-Lima Minho-Lima is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, belonging to Norte Region, between the Minho River and Lima River in the northern part of Portugal. It corresponds to the historical region of Alto Minho and is centered around its main city – Viana do Castelo... |
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| 27 | Maia Maia Maia is a female given name of Greek origin. Together with other similar words, it may refer to:- Mythology :* Maia , the eldest of the Pleiades in Greek mythology, also identified with an Ancient Italic goddess of spring and the most beautiful.... |
35,625 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
Grande Porto Grande Porto Grande Porto or Greater Porto is a Portuguese NUTS3 subregion, integrating the NUTS2 region of Norte, in Portugal.It corresponds to 11 municipalities out of 16, the other 5 in Entre Douro e Vouga Subregion that constitute the larger Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto, centered in the city of Porto.... |
| 28 | Covilhã Covilhã Covilhã is a city in Covilha Municipality in Centro region, Portugal. The city proper has 36,723 inhabitants, and the municipality has an area of 555.6 km² with a total population of 53,501, being composed of 31 parishes. It is located in the Cova da Beira subregion, in the district of... |
34,772 | Cova da Beira Cova da Beira Cova da Beira is a NUTS3 subregion of Portugal integrated in the NUTS2 Centro region. It lies in the fertile valley between the Serra da Estrela and Gardunha mountains. It covers an area of 1,373 km², with a population of 92,460 inhabitants for a density of 67 hab/km². The major cities are Covilhã ... |
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| 29 | Portimão Portimão Portimão is a Portuguese town located in the District of Faro in the Region of Algarve, the southern coast of Portugal. It was formerly known as Vila Nova de Portimão . In 1924, it was incorporated as a cidade and became known merely as Portimão. The town has 41,000 inhabitants and the Portimão... |
32,433 | Algarve | |
| 30 | Castelo Branco Castelo Branco, Portugal The city of Castelo Branco is made up of one parish with a population of 30,649.It is located in Castelo Branco Municipality in Castelo Branco District.-History and landmarks:... |
30,649 | Beira Interior Sul Beira Interior Sul Beira Interior Sul is a NUTS3 subregion of Portugal integrating the NUTS2 Centro Region. It is bordered to the east and south by Spain, to the north by the Cova da Beira and Beira Interior Norte subregions and to the west by the Pinhal Interior Sul subregion. It was created around the city of... |
Largest municipalities by population
Denotes the number of inhabitants in the municipalityMunicipalities of Portugal
In Portugal, municipality or concelho is the most stable subdivision of Portugal since the foundation of the country.Portugal has an entirely separate system of cities and towns. Cities and towns are located in municipalities, but often do not have the same boundaries, even if built-up is continuous...
area; area is in km2; only for populations of over 100,000 inhabitants.
| Rank | Municipality | Population | Land Area | Density | Metropolitan area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lisbon Lisbon Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban... |
564,657 | 84.8 | 6,658 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 2 | Sintra Sintra Sintra is a town within the municipality of Sintra in the Grande Lisboa subregion of Portugal. Owing to its 19th century Romantic architecture and landscapes, becoming a major tourist centre, visited by many day-trippers who travel from the urbanized suburbs and capital of Lisbon.In addition to... |
409,482 | 319.2 | 1,283 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 3 | Vila Nova de Gaia Vila Nova de Gaia Vila Nova de Gaia, or simply Gaia is a city in Vila Nova de Gaia Municipality, Portugal. It is located in the Porto District, south of the city of Porto on the other side of the Douro River. The city proper has a population of 178,255 and the municipality contains 24 parishes with a total... |
288,749 | 170.8 | 1,690 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 4 | Porto Porto Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes... |
238,954 | 41.3 | 5,785 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 5 | Loures Loures Loures Municipality is a municipality to the north of Lisbon. Created on 26 July 1886 by a royal decree, the municipality currently occupies an area of 169 km² and has about 200,000 inhabitants . It borders the municipalities of Odivelas, Sintra, Mafra, Arruda dos Vinhos, Vila Franca de Xira... |
199,231 | 169.3 | 1,177 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 6 | Cascais Cascais Cascais is a coastal town in Cascais Municipality in Portugal, 30 kilometres west of Lisbon, with about 35,000 residents. It is a cosmopolitan suburb of the Portuguese capital and one of the richest municipalities in Portugal. The former fishing village gained fame as a resort for Portugal's royal... |
181,444 | 97.4 | 1,863 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 7 | Amadora Amadora Amadora is a city and a municipality in Portugal, in the northwest of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The city and municipality population is 175,872 in eleven freguesias . With an area of 23.77 km², it is the most densely populated municipality of Portugal... |
176,239 | 23.8 | 7,405 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 8 | Braga Braga Braga , a city in the Braga Municipality in northwestern Portugal, is the capital of the Braga District, the oldest archdiocese and the third major city of the country. Braga is the oldest Portuguese city and one of the oldest Christian cities in the World... |
170,858 | 183.2 | 933 | |
| 9 | Oeiras | 168,475 | 45.7 | 3,687 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 10 | Matosinhos Matosinhos Matosinhos Municipality is located in Porto District, Portugal. The main city is Matosinhos. It is bordered to the south by the city of Porto and lies within the Greater Porto subregion. The municipality has a population of 168,451 in 10 parishes. Many people have recently moved from the... |
168,451 | 62.2 | 2,708 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 11 | Almada Almada Almada is a municipality in Portugal, covering an area of 70.2 km² located on the southern margin of the Tagus River. Its municipal population in 2008 was 164,844 inhabitants; the urbanized center had a population of 102,357.The seat is the city of Almada.... |
164,844 | 70.0 | 2,355 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 12 | Seixal | 164,715 | 95.5 | 1725 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 13 | Gondomar Gondomar (Portugal) Gondomar is a municipality located in the east of Portugal's Porto Metropolitan Area. The municipality has a population of 163,574. Gondomar's mayor is Valentim Loureiro.Gondomar is well known for its jewelry industry.-Demographics:-Cities and towns:... |
164,096 | 133,26 | 1,231 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 14 | Guimarães Guimarães Guimarães Municipality is located in northwestern Portugal in the province of Minho and in the Braga District. It contains the city of Guimarães.The present Mayor is António Magalhães Silva, elected by the Socialist Party.-Parishes:-Economy:... |
161,876 | 241.3 | 671 | |
| 15 | Coimbra Coimbra Coimbra is a city in the municipality of Coimbra in Portugal. Although it served as the nation's capital during the High Middle Ages, it is better-known for its university, the University of Coimbra, which is one of the oldest in Europe and the oldest academic institution in the... |
148,474 | 319.0 | 465 | |
| 16 | Odivelas Odivelas Odivelas is a civil parish in Odivelas Municipality in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal.. The city has a population of 50,846. The municipality is composed of 7 parishes, and is located in the District of Lisbon.... |
143,995 | 26.4 | 5,454 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 17 | Santa Maria da Feira | 142,295 | 215.1 | 661 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 18 | Vila Franca de Xira Vila Franca de Xira Vila Franca de Xira is a municipality in Portugal with a total area of 317.7 km² and a total population of 133,224 inhabitants. Situated on the west bank of the Tagus River, just 32 km north-east of the Portuguese capital Lisbon, Vila Franca de Xira is said to have been founded by French... |
133,224 | 317.7 | 419 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 19 | Vila Nova de Famalicão Vila Nova de Famalicão Vila Nova de Famalicão is a municipality in the district of Braga, in the north of Portugal. It is composed of 49 parishes.The municipality has a population of 131,690 inhabitants and a total area of 201.7.... |
131,690 | 201.7 | 653 | |
| 20 | Barcelos | 123,831 | 378.9 | 327 | |
| 21 | Setúbal Setúbal Setúbal is the main city in Setúbal Municipality in Portugal with a total area of 172.0 km² and a total population of 118,696 inhabitants in the municipality. The city proper has 89,303 inhabitants.... |
120,117 | 171.9 | 699 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Lisbon |
| 22 | Maia Maia, Portugal Maia Municipality is located in the Porto Metropolitan Area, Grande Porto subregion, in Norte Region, Portugal. The city of Maia includes the parishes of Gueifães, Maia and Vermoim, and has 39,949 inhabitants. The Maia Municipality comprises 135,049 inhabitants in 17 parishes for a total land... |
120,111 | 83,70 | 1435 | Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto The Greater Metropolitan Area of Porto is a metropolitan area in coastal northern Portugal which covers 16 municipalities, including the City of Porto, making up the second biggest urban area in the country... |
| 23 | Leiria Leiria Leiria is a city in Leiria Municipality in the Centro Region, Portugal. It is the capital of Leiria District. The city proper has 50,200 inhabitants and the entire municipality has nearly 120,000... |
119,870 | 564.7 | 212 | |
| 24 | Funchal Funchal Funchal is the largest city, the municipal seat and the capital of Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira. The city has a population of 112,015 and has been the capital of Madeira for more than five centuries.-Etymology:... |
100,847 | 75.7 | 1332 |
Languages
The main language is Portuguese. Mirandês (the Mirandese languageMirandese language
The Mirandese language is a Romance language belonging to the Astur-Leonese linguistic group, sparsely spoken in a small area of northeastern Portugal, in the municipalities of Miranda do Douro, Mogadouro and Vimioso...
), is also recognised, and has special protection in the area of Miranda do Douro
Miranda do Douro
Miranda do Douro or Miranda de l Douro , is a city in Miranda do Douro Municipality, district of Bragança, Portugal.The city has a population of 1,960.-General information:...
.
Immigration
Since the independence of the former African colonies
Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire , also known as the Portuguese Overseas Empire or the Portuguese Colonial Empire , was the first global empire in history...
, Portugal saw a steady immigration from Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
, most notably Cape Verde
Cape Verde
The Republic of Cape Verde is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa...
, Angola and Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
The Republic of Guinea-Bissau is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west....
, but also São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, is a Portuguese-speaking island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It consists of two islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located about apart and about , respectively, off...
, Mozambique
Mozambique
Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
and former Portuguese India
Portuguese India
The Portuguese Viceroyalty of India , later the Portuguese State of India , was the aggregate of Portugal's colonial holdings in India.The government started in 1505, six years after the discovery of a sea route to India by Vasco da Gama, with the nomination of the first Viceroy Francisco de...
in Asia.
Portugal saw migration waves due to labour shortages since 1999, first from Eastern Europe (1999–2002), in two distinctive groups, a Slav (Ukraine, Russia and Bulgaria) and an East Latin (Romania and Moldavia), that stopped and started declining as the labour market became saturated.
Since 2003, most of the immigrants came from Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
and the Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent, also Indian Subcontinent, Indo-Pak Subcontinent or South Asian Subcontinent is a region of the Asian continent on the Indian tectonic plate from the Hindu Kush or Hindu Koh, Himalayas and including the Kuen Lun and Karakoram ranges, forming a land mass which extends...
. Family reunification was seen as important for a successful integration in the country, thus the government eased it, and in 2006, more than 6 in 10 new immigrants were family members of legal foreign residents in the country.
Other immigrant nationalities in Portugal such as Croatians, Hungarians, Nigeria
Nigeria
Nigeria , officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in...
ns, Serbians
Serbs
The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
and Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
ns are on the rise.
There is also a significant number of Western European residents in search of quality of life, namely British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, German
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, and Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
.
| The 20 largest legal immigrant communities in 2007 compared with their numbers in 1999 * : European Union citizenship |
||||
| Legal foreign residents | Number in 1999 | Number in 2007 | Growth in percentage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... ians |
20,851 | 66,354 | + 218% | |
| Cape Verde Cape Verde The Republic of Cape Verde is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa... ans |
43,951 | 63,925 | + 45% | |
| Ukrainians Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia... |
123 | 39,480 | + 31998% | |
| Angola Angola Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city... ns |
17,721 | 32,728 | + 85% | |
| Guineans | 14,217 | 23,733 | + 67% | |
| British United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... * |
13,335 | 23,608 | + 77% | |
| Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea... ns* |
224 | 19,155 | + 8451% | |
| Spanish Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... * |
11,122 | 18,030 | + 62% | |
| Germans Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... * |
9,605 | 15,498 | + 61% | |
| Moldavia Moldavia Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river... ns |
3 | 14,053 | + 468333% | |
| Santomeans São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, is a Portuguese-speaking island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It consists of two islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located about apart and about , respectively, off... |
4,809 | 10,627 | + 121% | |
| French France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... * |
6,499 | 10,556 | + 62% | |
| Chinese China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture... |
2,762 | 10,448 | + 278% | |
| US-Americans | 7,975 | 8,264 | + 4% | |
| Dutch Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... * |
3,675 | 6,589 | + 79% | |
| Italians Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... * |
2,700 | 5,985 | + 122% | |
| Mozambicans Mozambique Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest... |
4,502 | 5,681 | + 26% | |
| Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... ns |
448 | 5,114 | + 1042% | |
| Bulgaria Bulgaria Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east... ns* |
347 | 5,028 | + 1349% | |
| India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world... ns |
1,211 | 4,104 | + 239% | |
In 2008, SEF, the foreigners and borders bureau, started using a new integrated information system, incompatible with previous statistics. The foreign population grew 1% from 435 736 in 2007 to 440 277. One in four immigrants is Brazilian.
| Immigrants | |
| Legal foreign residents | Number in 2008 |
|---|---|
| Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... ians |
106 294 |
| Ukrainians Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia... |
53,494 |
| Cape Verde Cape Verde The Republic of Cape Verde is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa... ans |
51,353 |
| Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea... ns* |
27,769 |
| Angola Angola Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city... ns |
27 619 |
| Guineans | 24,391 |
| Moldavia Moldavia Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river... ns |
14,053 |
| Nationality appliance | |
| Previous nationality | Number in 2008 |
|---|---|
| Cape Verde Cape Verde The Republic of Cape Verde is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa... an |
9926 |
| Brazil Brazil Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people... ian |
8391 |
| British United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
4589 |
| Angola Angola Angola, officially the Republic of Angola , is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city... ns |
4463 |
| Moldavia Moldavia Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river... ns |
4449 |
Ethnic Minorities and persons with disabilities
Anti-racismAnti-racism
Anti-racism includes beliefs, actions, movements, and policies adopted or developed to oppose racism. In general, anti-racism is intended to promote an egalitarian society in which people do not face discrimination on the basis of their race, however defined...
laws prohibit and penalize racial discrimination
Discrimination
Discrimination is the prejudicial treatment of an individual based on their membership in a certain group or category. It involves the actual behaviors towards groups such as excluding or restricting members of one group from opportunities that are available to another group. The term began to be...
in housing
House
A house is a building or structure that has the ability to be occupied for dwelling by human beings or other creatures. The term house includes many kinds of different dwellings ranging from rudimentary huts of nomadic tribes to free standing individual structures...
, business
Business
A business is an organization engaged in the trade of goods, services, or both to consumers. Businesses are predominant in capitalist economies, where most of them are privately owned and administered to earn profit to increase the wealth of their owners. Businesses may also be not-for-profit...
, and health
Health
Health is the level of functional or metabolic efficiency of a living being. In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind, body and spirit, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain...
services. Approximately 332,137 (as of 2007) legal immigrants live in the country, representing approximately 5% of the population. The country also has a resident Romani (Gypsy) population of approximately 40,000 people.
Discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, access to health care, or the provision of other state services is illegal. The law mandates access to public buildings and to newly-built private buildings for such persons.
Sexual Orientation
Homosexuality was decriminalized in 1982. Same-sex civil unions with limited partner rights were introduced in Portugal on 15 March 2001; greater rights were granted in 2006. In May 2010, the President of the Republic signed a gay marriage bill into law, making Portugal the sixth country in the EU and the eighth in the world to allow gay marriages. However, the law does not permit same-sex couples to adopt. Portugal is one of a few countries in the world, and one of the first, with anti-discrimination laws that exist in most fields: in the Constitution (discrimination based on sexual orientation is prohibited by law), in the Penal Code as well as the Labour Code.Religion
The great majority of the Portuguese population belongs to the Roman Catholic Church. Religious observance remains somewhat strong in northern areas, with the population of Lisbon and southern areas generally less devout. Religious minorities include a little over 300,000 ProtestantsProtestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
. There are also about 50,000 Muslims and 10,000 Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
s. Most of them came from Goa
Goa
Goa , a former Portuguese colony, is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north, and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its...
, a former Portuguese colony
Portuguese Empire
The Portuguese Empire , also known as the Portuguese Overseas Empire or the Portuguese Colonial Empire , was the first global empire in history...
on the west coast of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
(Some Muslims also came from former Portuguese African colonies with important Muslim minorities: Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
The Republic of Guinea-Bissau is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, and Guinea to the south and east, with the Atlantic Ocean to its west....
, Mozambique
Mozambique
Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest...
, and São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe, officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, is a Portuguese-speaking island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. It consists of two islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located about apart and about , respectively, off...
). There are also about 1,000 Jews. Portugal is also home to less than 10,000 Buddhists
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
, mostly Chinese from Macau and a few Indians from Goa.
Literacy
- definition:age 15 and over can read and write
- total population: 93.3%
- male: 95.5%
- female: 91.3% (2003 est.)
Y-Dna (male lineages)
A large majority of the male lineages (85%) could be classified as belonging to three basic haplogroups, R1bHaplogroup R1b (Y-DNA)
The point of origin of R1b is thought to lie in Eurasia, most likely in Western Asia. T. Karafet et al. estimated the age of R1, the parent of R1b, as 18,500 years before present....
, J
Haplogroup J (Y-DNA)
In human genetics, Haplogroup J is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is one of the major male lines of all living men...
, and E1b1b. While R1b, accounting for more than half of the lineages, is a characteristic marker of many different West European populations, haplogroups J and E1b1b and its subclades consist of lineages that are typical of the circum-Mediterranean region. The typical Berber
Berber people
Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are continuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River. Historically they spoke the Berber language or varieties of it, which together form a branch...
haplogroup E1b1b1b (M81)
Haplogroup E1b1b1b (Y-DNA)
In human genetics, E1b1b1b , is the name of a major Y chromosome haplogroup mainly found in North Africa and to a lesser extent in Western Asia and Europe. E1b1b1b is dominated by its dominant sub-clade E1b1b1b1 , formerly known as E1b1b1b, E3b1b, and E3b2, which was discovered first, and has...
is found as at a frequency of 5–6%.
| Region | N | E* (M96) Haplogroup E (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup E is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. Haplogroup E is one of the two main branches of the older Haplogroup DE, the other main branch being haplogroup D. The E clade is divided into two subclades: E1 and E2 .-Origins:Underhill et al. proposed that haplogroup E... |
E1b1a (M2) | E1b1b (M35)* | E1b1b1a (M78) Haplogroup E1b1b1a (Y-DNA) In human genetics, E1b1b1a , is the name of a major Y chromosome haplogroup found in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Western Asia and Europe. It is dominated by its longer-known sub-clade E1b1b1a1 , formerly known as E3b1a and E1b1b1a... |
E1b1b1b (M81) Haplogroup E1b1b1b (Y-DNA) In human genetics, E1b1b1b , is the name of a major Y chromosome haplogroup mainly found in North Africa and to a lesser extent in Western Asia and Europe. E1b1b1b is dominated by its dominant sub-clade E1b1b1b1 , formerly known as E1b1b1b, E3b1b, and E3b2, which was discovered first, and has... |
E1b1b1c (M34) | F | G (M201) Haplogroup G (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup G is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is a branch of Haplogroup F . Haplogroup G has an overall low frequency in most populations but is widely distributed within many ethnic groups of the Old World in Europe, northern and western Asia, northern Africa, the Middle East,... |
I (M170) Haplogroup I (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup I is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup, a subgroup of haplogroup IJ, itself a derivative of Haplogroup IJK.... |
J1 (M167) Haplogroup J1 (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Y DNA haplogroup J1, also known as J-M267, is a sub-haplogroup of Y DNA haplogroup J, along with its sibling clade Y DNA haplogroup J2. Men with this type of Y DNA share a common paternal ancestry, which is demonstrated and defined by the presence of the SNP mutation referred to... |
J2 (M172) Haplogroup J2 (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup J2 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup which is a subdivision of haplogroup J. It is further divided into two complementary clades, J2a-M410 and J2b-M12.-Origins:... |
T (M70) Haplogroup T (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup T is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. From 2002 to 2008, it was known as Haplogroup K2. It should not be confused with the mitochondrial DNA haplogroup T, of the same name.... |
L (M61) Haplogroup L (Y-DNA) In human genetics, Haplogroup L is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.-Origins:Haplogroup L is associated with South Asia. It has also been found at low frequencies among populations of Central Asia, Southwest Asia, and Southern Europe along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea... |
R1a (M173) Haplogroup R1a (Y-DNA) Haplogroup R1a is the phylogenetic name of a major clade of Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups. In other words, it is a way of grouping a significant part of all modern men according to a shared male-line ancestor. It is common in many parts of Eurasia and is frequently discussed in human... |
R1b (M269) Haplogroup R1b (Y-DNA) The point of origin of R1b is thought to lie in Eurasia, most likely in Western Asia. T. Karafet et al. estimated the age of R1, the parent of R1b, as 18,500 years before present.... |
| North, Center, South | 657 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 5.5 | 7.6 | 3.4 | 7 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 2 | 59.9 |
mtDna (female lineages)
The most frequent mtDNA haplogroup in Portugal is H, followed by U, T, and pre-V/V clades. Two haplogroups, HHaplogroup H (mtDNA)
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup that likely originated in Southwest Asia 25,000-30,000 YBP.-Origin:...
and U5 alone account for almost half of the individuals. About 9% of the lineages found in Portugal belong to african lineages L
Macro-haplogroup L (mtDNA)
In human mitochondrial genetics, L is the mitochondrial DNA macro-haplogroup that is at the root of the human mtDNA phylogenetic tree. As such, it represents the most ancestral mitochondrial lineage of all currently living modern humans....
and U6.
| Region | N | H* | H5 | HV0 | HVa | R0a | J | T1 | T2 | U1 | U2e | U3 | U4 | U5a | U5b | U7 | U8 | U* | K | N1 | N2 | X | M | U6 | L | Other |
| North | 188 | 40.4 | 2.7 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 3.2 | 0.0 |
| Center | 203 | 46.8 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 6.4 | 2.0 | 7.4 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 8.4 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 6.4 | 1.0 |
| South | 203 | 44.3 | 1.0 | 3.9 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 7.9 | 2.0 | 5.9 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 10.8 | 0.5 |
| Total | 594 | 43.9 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 6.4 | 3.4 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 6.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 6.9 | 0.5 |
CIA World Factbook demographic statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.Age structure
- 0-14 years: 16.5% (male 914,480/female 837,525)
- 15-64 years: 66.3% (male 3,501,206/female 3,551,706)
- 65 years and over: 17.3% (male 757,220/female 1,080,699) (2007 est.)
Sex ratio
- at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.092 male(s)/female
- 15-64 years: 0.986 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.701 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.946 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Infant mortality rate
- 6.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
- 5.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
- 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
- 5.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
- 4.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
- 4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
- total population: 77.87 years
- male: 74.6 years
- female: 81.36 years (2007 est.)
Total fertility rate
- 1.47 children born/woman (2000 est.)
- 1.49 children born/woman (2003 est.)
- 1.46 children born/woman (2004 est.)
- 1.47 children born/woman (2005 est.)
- 1.49 children born/woman (2008 est.)