Demography of Rawalpindi District
Encyclopedia
The Demography of Rawalpindi District, a district of Punjab
in Pakistan
, has undergone significant changes over the years. It has been affected by turmoil in the surrounding countries.
According to the 1998 census the population of the district was 3,363,911 of which 53.03% were urban, making Rawalpindi the second most urbanised district in Punjab. By 1998 the population was estimated to be 4.41 million - a rise of over a million. The main tribes of the district are the Gakhar Kianis
, Awan, Dhund Abbasi, Dhanyal, Bhatti, Chauhan
, Janjua, Maliar
, Mangral
, Jasgam
(Abbasi), Mughals
, Pashtuns, Qureshi, Rawal
, Satti
and Sayyid
.
The main tribes of Rawalpindi District
at that time were the saduzai(or most often known as sudhun), satti
, Awan
, Dhund Abbasi, Dhanyal, Gakhars
, Gujjars, Jasgam
, Jats, Kashmiris
, Khattar
, Paracha, Rajputs and Sayyid
.
According to the census of 1901, the population of the main tribes were: Awan
(38,768), Dhund Abbasis (23,462), Gakhars
(13,328), Gujjars (25,953)Janjua Rajputs(7,557), Jats (34,556), Khattar
(1,014). Miscellaneous Dhanyal(10,991), Satti
(15,343) and Sayyid
(12,508).
According to the 1901 census Muslims numbered 466,918, or more than 83% of the total population, while Hindus and Sikhs numbered 57,325 and 26,363 respectively.
s according to 1901 census were:
Other Rajput clans in the district include the Nagyal
, Mathyal, Ratial
, Sehngral, Sohlan
, Sulehria
, Langrial
, Mangral
, Khingar
, Chib
, Dhudhi
, Ghik
, , Hafyal
, Hattar
, Malal, Bhutial, Jamsral, Sainswal, Bijnial, Ramial, Hayal, Janjil, Tharjial, Khumbal, Bharial, Salhal, Toor and Dogra.
and Pakistan
, refugees from East Punjab
Kashmir
and other areas arrived in Rawalpindi
. While it is accepted that population of urban Rawalpindi has been transformed since partition, the rural population in the Kahuta
, Kallar Syedan
, Kotli Sattian
, Gujar Khan
and Murree
Tehsils still comprise overwhelmingly of the tribes referred to in 1901 census.
Murree Tehsil
The Muree Tehsil, barring the town of Muree itself which has a multi-ethnic population, is almost entirely held by the Dhund Abbasi tribe, with a few villages held by the Dhanyal and satti
. Indeed, the dialect of Punjabi
spoken in the tehsil
, is often referred to as Dhundi-Kairali language
.
Kotli Sattian Tehsil
This tehsil
is largely held by the Dhanyal, Satti
and Kethwal
tribes, with a sprinkling of Jasgam
and as well as a few other minor Muslim Rajput tribes.
Kotli Sattian in fact means the fort of the Satti
s, and the tehsil is a stronghold of the tribe.
Kallar Syedan Tehsil
This tehsil
is generally home a number of Rajput clans, such as the Bhakral
, Bhatti, Janjua, Langrial
, Baghial
, Kahial, Hon Rajputs among others. The tehsil also has a fair amount of Gakhar
and Awan
villages.
is home to a variety of communities; the town of Gujar Khan is multi-ethnic, having taken in refugees from Kashmir and East Punjab, as well as immigrants from others parts of the country.
The rural Union Councils are generally held by Gakhar
, Gujar
, Jat, Rajput
(Mial
, Manhas, Bangial
, Kanyal, Bhakral
, Bhatti, Janjua, and Gungal
etc) and Awan
tribes.
This tehsil
is only one in Rawalpindi District
where there is a substantial community of Jats. Along the Kallar Syedan Tehsil
border, there are several villages of Sandhu
Jats, who arrived in the region in the 18th century. Other clans in the tehsil include the Cheema
, Chhina
, Bains, Kalyal, Aura, and the Khingar
, some of whom are Rajput, while others are Jats.
Kahuta Tehsil
Another district dominated by Rajput
tribes, such the satti
, Janjua, Mangral
, Kethwal
, Khatril
and Bhatti. The hilly portion of the tehsil is held by the Jasgam
Abbasi and Dhund Abbasi. In addition, the district is also home to a large number of Gakhar
s and Awan
s.
Taxila Tehsil
This tehsil is home to Awan
, Khattar
, Gujar
and Alpial
Rajputs.
The border with Attock District
is almost entirely held by the Awan
, Gujjar
and Khattar
tribes.
The family of the Alpial Chaudrys of Chakri is fairly prominent.
s. However, two communities, the Parachas and Kashmiris
have always been historically connected with city. The rural areas are home mainly to Mughal
, Gakhar
, Rajput
and Awan
tribes. The Dhamial
and Ranial Rajputs
are two important clans, with villages near the city. Other important Rajput clans are the Bhakral
, Bhatti, Minhas
and Janjua, who form the four largest tribes in the tehsil. In addition, other Rajput clans include the Adrah, Baghial
, Bhakral
, Bains
, Chauhan
, Kanyal, Mattal, Mial
, Nagyal
, Nagral
, Nagrawal, Ratial
and Sarral. The tehsil is also home to small community of Jats, the Gondal, Chatha
and Thathal are three important Jat clans in the tehsil.
Punjab (Pakistan)
Punjab is the most populous province of Pakistan, with approximately 45% of the country's total population. Forming most of the Punjab region, the province is bordered by Kashmir to the north-east, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the...
in Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, has undergone significant changes over the years. It has been affected by turmoil in the surrounding countries.
According to the 1998 census the population of the district was 3,363,911 of which 53.03% were urban, making Rawalpindi the second most urbanised district in Punjab. By 1998 the population was estimated to be 4.41 million - a rise of over a million. The main tribes of the district are the Gakhar Kianis
Gakhar
Gakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
, Awan, Dhund Abbasi, Dhanyal, Bhatti, Chauhan
Chauhan
Chauhan, Chouhan or Chohan , , - is a clan who ruled parts of northern India in the Middle Ages. The clan is most famous for Rajput King Maharaja Prithviraj Chauhan...
, Janjua, Maliar
Maliar
The Maliar are a tribe found in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan as well as the Peshawar valley of the North West Frontier Province. Many Maliar now refer to themselves as Arain, another well known Punjabi caste.-History and origin:...
, Mangral
Mangral
The Mangral are a Rajput warrior clan and the historical founders and rulers of Kotli and Poonch. Their ancestor Raja Mangar Pal was the founder of the City of Kotli in modern Azad Kashmir...
, Jasgam
Jasgam
The Jasgam or sometime pronounced Jaskham are a tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Jasgam claim decent from the Abbasi family, the former Caliphs of Baghdad. According to their traditions, they are descended from Jasgam, who belonged to the Dhund Abbasi tribe, a...
(Abbasi), Mughals
Mughal (tribe)
The term Mughal is simply a Turkic word and many groups in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh use the term Mughal to describe themselves...
, Pashtuns, Qureshi, Rawal
Rawal
The Rawal is Rajput clan . Rawal is also a last name for in state of Gujarat, India-History and origin:Bappa Rawal's, a legendary figure in Rajput history, warlike temperament commended him to the attention of Maan Mori, a local chieftain who belonged to the Parmara clan of Rajputs; Maan Mori is...
, Satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
and Sayyid
Sayyid
Sayyid is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida,...
.
1901 census
The 1901 census was carried out during the period of British rule, the population of the district in 1901 was 558,699, the area of the district at the time was 558,699 square milesThe main tribes of Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi is a district of Pakistan in the north of the Punjab province which contains the city of Rawalpindi. The district has an area of . It was part of Rawalpindi Division, until the year 2000 when the division was abolished...
at that time were the saduzai(or most often known as sudhun), satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
, Awan
Awan
Awan and Awans may refer to:*the Awan dynasty, an Elamite dynasty of Iran*Awan , a South Asian tribe*Awan , Azad Kashmir and Jammu and Kashmir dynasty*Awan *Awan languages, spoken in South America...
, Dhund Abbasi, Dhanyal, Gakhars
Gakhars
The Gakhars are an ancient warrior clan who have predominantly resided in what is present day northern Punjab and South-Western Kashmir, Pakistan. In particular in the cities of Rawalpindi, Jhelum and regions of Gilgit, Baltistan, Chitral, Khanpur and Mirpur, Pakistan...
, Gujjars, Jasgam
Jasgam
The Jasgam or sometime pronounced Jaskham are a tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Jasgam claim decent from the Abbasi family, the former Caliphs of Baghdad. According to their traditions, they are descended from Jasgam, who belonged to the Dhund Abbasi tribe, a...
, Jats, Kashmiris
Kashmiri people
The Kashmiri people are a Dardic linguistic group living in Kashmir Valley in Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and parts of the Pakistani territory of Azad Kashmir who speak the Kashmiri language...
, Khattar
Khattar
Khattar , is an upper caste Pushtun tribe in Afghanistan and Punjabi, in Punjab, it is variously classified asJatt and Khatri caste in India.-Origins:...
, Paracha, Rajputs and Sayyid
Sayyid
Sayyid is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida,...
.
According to the census of 1901, the population of the main tribes were: Awan
Awan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
(38,768), Dhund Abbasis (23,462), Gakhars
Gakhars
The Gakhars are an ancient warrior clan who have predominantly resided in what is present day northern Punjab and South-Western Kashmir, Pakistan. In particular in the cities of Rawalpindi, Jhelum and regions of Gilgit, Baltistan, Chitral, Khanpur and Mirpur, Pakistan...
(13,328), Gujjars (25,953)Janjua Rajputs(7,557), Jats (34,556), Khattar
Khattar
Khattar , is an upper caste Pushtun tribe in Afghanistan and Punjabi, in Punjab, it is variously classified asJatt and Khatri caste in India.-Origins:...
(1,014). Miscellaneous Dhanyal(10,991), Satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
(15,343) and Sayyid
Sayyid
Sayyid is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida,...
(12,508).
According to the 1901 census Muslims numbered 466,918, or more than 83% of the total population, while Hindus and Sikhs numbered 57,325 and 26,363 respectively.
Jat clans
The principal divisions of the Jats, according to 1901 census were:-
Tribe Total Aura 1,629 Bains Bains (Jat)Bains is a gotra of Jat found in Punjab, India and Punjab, it is also suggest that Wains is an alternate spelling of Bains in Pakistan.-History and origin:There are a number of theories as to the origin of the Bains....
1,371 Bhogial 590 Chhina ChhinaChhina is a Jat clan of India and Pakistan.-Traditional origin and history:According to Horace Rose, the Bahawalpur Chhina genealogy gives them common origin with the Wattu. They claim origin from Chhina, a descendant of Jaypal, the brother of Rajpal, from whom are descended the Wattu. The Muslim...
998 Dhamial 2,202 Dhamtal 695 Gondal 792 Kalial 1,781 Kanial 907 Khatril KhatrilThe Khatril are a tribe found in Pakistan, almost exclusively in Rawalpindi District. They were included among the Dhund Abbasi in the 1921 census...
1,578 Mial MialMial, or more correctly pronounced Miyal are a Rajput tribe found mainly in northern districts of Punjab, Pakistan. They are one of a number of small clans of Muslim agriculturists scattered over the Pothohar plateau region, who claim to be Rajput. According to some traditions, the Mial are Qureshi...
599 Mogial 596 Sudhun SudhunSudhans are one of the major tribes from the districts of Poonch, Sudhanoti, Bagh and Kolti in Kashmir.Rawalakot, in the Poonch District and Pallandri, in the Sudhanoti Districts of Azad Kashmir are major Sudhan strongholds. Internationally Sudhans are settled all over the world and have large...
1,765 Sial Sial (tribe)The Sial tribe are a Punjabi,Sindhi,Baluchi and Pakhtun people found among Muslims, Sikhs and Hindus in Pakistan and India .Sials are found among Jatts, Rajputs/Khatris...
603 Thathal 534
Rajput clans
The principal divisions of the RajputRajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
s according to 1901 census were:
-
Tribe Total Adrah 909 Baghial BaghialThe Baghial are a Rajput tribe of Punjab, Pakistan. The tribe is found chiefly in the Rawalpindi District, where they occupy five villages in the Gujar Khan Tehsil. They also to be a found in the Jhelum, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts of the Punjab and Mirpur and Kotli Districts of Azad Kashmir...
5,655 Bhakral BhakralThe Bhakral are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Another pronunciation is Pakhral, particularly in Rawalpindi.Their population according to the 1931 census of India, was 6,600...
9,922 Bhatti 30,633 Chatha ChathaChatha ) is a Punjabi Jatt tribe that inhabits parts of the Punjab in India and Pakistan. - History :The Chatha tribe were originally settled Gujranwala District, in which district they hold 184 villages...
500 Chauhan ChauhanChauhan, Chouhan or Chohan , , - is a clan who ruled parts of northern India in the Middle Ages. The clan is most famous for Rajput King Maharaja Prithviraj Chauhan...
2,560 Dhamial Dhamial RajputsThe Dhamial Rajputs of the Pothohar Plateau are a branch of the famed Janjua Rajput clan. The Janjua Rajput is a highly dominant royal warrior clan of Northern India and Pakistan. They are known as the most Valiant Kshatriyas of Punjab...
2,838 Dhanyal 3,903 Gakhar GakharGakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
581 Hon Hon (tribe)The Hon or Hun or sometimes also pronounced as Hoon are a Muslim Rajput tribe found mainly in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.- History :...
1,366 Janjua 3,195 Jatal JatalThe Jatal are a tribe of Janjua Rajputs, found in Punjab province of Pakistan.According the 1931 Census of India their male population was about 750...
1,450 Kahial 652 Kanial 2,176 Kethwal KethwalThe Kethwals are a tribe of Pakistan, they are believed to originate from Kerman in Iran. They had travelled eastwards and settled the hills and established self-government. According to census of India 1881 total population of Kethwals at that time was 1,834. They had occupied five villages in...
2,251 Manhas 3,694 Mial MialMial, or more correctly pronounced Miyal are a Rajput tribe found mainly in northern districts of Punjab, Pakistan. They are one of a number of small clans of Muslim agriculturists scattered over the Pothohar plateau region, who claim to be Rajput. According to some traditions, the Mial are Qureshi...
699 Nagral NagralThe Nagral, sometimes pronounced Nagrial, are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the province of Punjab in Pakistan. They are found mainly in the tehsils of Gujar Khan and Kahuta. There customs are similar to neighbouring tribes of Rajput status as the Kanial and Jatal. The main Nagral villages are...
919 Nagralwal 580 Ranial Ranial RajputsThe Ranial Rajputs of Rawalpindi are a branch of the Janjua Rajput clan. The Janjua Rajput is a royal warrior clan of Northern India and Pakistan. They are known as the most Valiant Kshatriyas of Punjab...
1,344 Sarral 1,292 Satti SattiThe Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
3,013 Thathaal ThathaalThathal , also referred to as Thothal and Thathiyal , is a Rajput/Jatt clan of the area between Salt Range, Gujrat, Rawalpindi, Sialkot, Narowal district, Kharian Pubbi and Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Pakistan. Thathals are also found in Hoshiarpur and Himachal Pradesh, India...
4,019
Other Rajput clans in the district include the Nagyal
Nagyal
Nagyal, sometimes pronounced as Nangyal and also written as Nagial are a Rajput-Jat tribe found mainly in Rawalpindi District, Gujar Khan, Daultala, Jhelum and Gujrat Districts of Punjab, Mirpur District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir...
, Mathyal, Ratial
Ratial
The Ratial are Rajput tribe, found in the Pothohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.-History and origin:There are two traditions as to the origin of the Ratial tribe....
, Sehngral, Sohlan
Sohlan
* Sohlan , tribe of Azad Kashmir and adjacent areas* Sohlan,, village of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan...
, Sulehria
Sulehria
The Suleria are a clan of Chandravanshi Rajputs. The Sikh and Hindu Sulehria live in India. The Muslim Sulehria are considered a clan of Muslim Rajputs and nearly all live in Pakistan...
, Langrial
Langrial (tribe)
-History and origin:The Langrial are found throughout Punjab, the tribe has different traditions to its origin, depending on the region it inhabits.The Multan Langrial, claim descent from a Brahmin of Bikaner...
, Mangral
Mangral
The Mangral are a Rajput warrior clan and the historical founders and rulers of Kotli and Poonch. Their ancestor Raja Mangar Pal was the founder of the City of Kotli in modern Azad Kashmir...
, Khingar
Khingar
The Khinger or Khingar are a gotra of Bhatti Rajputs, found in the Potohar region of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Khingar are found mainly in Jhelum District, and Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi District. Like many other Potohar tribes, they claim to both of Jat and Bhatti Rajput status...
, Chib
Chib
The Chib Rajput , is a Chandravanshi Rajput clan found in the northern parts of India and Pakistan. They are mostly a Kashmiri or Punjabi tribe found in both India and Pakistan...
, Dhudhi
Dhudhi
The Dhudi are a tribe of Panhwar, Panwar, Parmar Rajput origin, found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. According to the 1931 census of India they had a population of 5,800....
, Ghik
Ghik
Ghik is a clan of Rajputs found mainly in the Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi District in Pakistan. According to the traditions of the tribe, they are a clan of Minhas Rajputs, and descend from four brothers that came to settle in this region during the rule of the Mughal Emperor Akbar...
, , Hafyal
Hafyal
The Hafyal is small clan found in the villages of Hafyal, Mohra Hafyal, Gura Hafyal and other neighbouring hamlets in Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi District in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Some Hafyal claim to be Chughtai Mughals, although traditions make them out to be a branch of the...
, Hattar
Hattar (tribe)
The Hattar are a Rajput clan, found in the Punjab province of Pakistan.-History:According to their traditions, the tribe claims descent from a Bhatti Rajput nobleman, a Rana Rajwadhan. The Rana lived in Ghazni, in what is now Afghanistan and then moved to Delhi in India. After sometime, he moved to...
, Malal, Bhutial, Jamsral, Sainswal, Bijnial, Ramial, Hayal, Janjil, Tharjial, Khumbal, Bharial, Salhal, Toor and Dogra.
After independence
After independence in 1947 there was a large scale population transfer between IndiaIndia
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, refugees from East Punjab
East Punjab
East Punjab was the part of the Punjab region that went to India following the Partition of the Punjab Province of British India between India and Pakistan in 1947...
Kashmir
Kashmir
Kashmir is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range...
and other areas arrived in Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi , locally known as Pindi, is a city in the Pothohar region of Pakistan near Pakistan's capital city of Islamabad, in the province of Punjab. Rawalpindi is the fourth largest city in Pakistan after Karachi, Lahore and Faisalabad...
. While it is accepted that population of urban Rawalpindi has been transformed since partition, the rural population in the Kahuta
Kahuta Tehsil
Kahuta Tehsil is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The neighbouring Tehsil of Kotli Sattian used to be part of Kahuta, but was later created as a separate tehsil.-History:...
, Kallar Syedan
Kallar Syedan Tehsil
Kallar Syedan is a tehsil of the Rawalpindi District. On 1st July 2004 Kallar Syedan became the seventh tehsil of Rawalpindi District, prior to which it was a part of the Kahuta Tehsilpopulation 1million 90 thousand people. 23 patwars. 1 police station. 7 union councils. literacy rate 62%. 99...
, Kotli Sattian
Kotli Sattian Tehsil
Kotli Sattian is a tehsil of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Its name is derived from the mountain town of Kotli and the Satti tribe...
, Gujar Khan
Gujar Khan Tehsil
Gujar Khan Tehsil, head-quartered at Gujar Khan, is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan...
and Murree
Murree Tehsil
Murree Tehsil is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.Murree Tehsil is located in the northernmost part of Punjab province where it borders the North West Frontier Province...
Tehsils still comprise overwhelmingly of the tribes referred to in 1901 census.
Murree TehsilMurree TehsilMurree Tehsil is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.Murree Tehsil is located in the northernmost part of Punjab province where it borders the North West Frontier Province...
The Muree Tehsil, barring the town of Muree itself which has a multi-ethnic population, is almost entirely held by the Dhund Abbasi tribe, with a few villages held by the Dhanyal and sattiSatti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
. Indeed, the dialect of Punjabi
Punjabi language
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language...
spoken in the tehsil
Tehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
, is often referred to as Dhundi-Kairali language
Dhundi-Kairali language
The Dhundi-Karlali language is spoken throughout Abbottabad District, and the adjoining Murree Hills and Galyat areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The Dhund Abbasi and Karlal Tribe form 80% of the population that uses this language...
.
Kotli Sattian TehsilKotli Sattian TehsilKotli Sattian is a tehsil of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Its name is derived from the mountain town of Kotli and the Satti tribe...
This tehsilTehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
is largely held by the Dhanyal, Satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
and Kethwal
Kethwal
The Kethwals are a tribe of Pakistan, they are believed to originate from Kerman in Iran. They had travelled eastwards and settled the hills and established self-government. According to census of India 1881 total population of Kethwals at that time was 1,834. They had occupied five villages in...
tribes, with a sprinkling of Jasgam
Jasgam
The Jasgam or sometime pronounced Jaskham are a tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Jasgam claim decent from the Abbasi family, the former Caliphs of Baghdad. According to their traditions, they are descended from Jasgam, who belonged to the Dhund Abbasi tribe, a...
and as well as a few other minor Muslim Rajput tribes.
Kotli Sattian in fact means the fort of the Satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
s, and the tehsil is a stronghold of the tribe.
Kallar Syedan TehsilKallar Syedan TehsilKallar Syedan is a tehsil of the Rawalpindi District. On 1st July 2004 Kallar Syedan became the seventh tehsil of Rawalpindi District, prior to which it was a part of the Kahuta Tehsilpopulation 1million 90 thousand people. 23 patwars. 1 police station. 7 union councils. literacy rate 62%. 99...
This tehsilTehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
is generally home a number of Rajput clans, such as the Bhakral
Bhakral
The Bhakral are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Another pronunciation is Pakhral, particularly in Rawalpindi.Their population according to the 1931 census of India, was 6,600...
, Bhatti, Janjua, Langrial
Langrial (tribe)
-History and origin:The Langrial are found throughout Punjab, the tribe has different traditions to its origin, depending on the region it inhabits.The Multan Langrial, claim descent from a Brahmin of Bikaner...
, Baghial
Baghial
The Baghial are a Rajput tribe of Punjab, Pakistan. The tribe is found chiefly in the Rawalpindi District, where they occupy five villages in the Gujar Khan Tehsil. They also to be a found in the Jhelum, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts of the Punjab and Mirpur and Kotli Districts of Azad Kashmir...
, Kahial, Hon Rajputs among others. The tehsil also has a fair amount of Gakhar
Gakhar
Gakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
and Awan
Awan
Awan and Awans may refer to:*the Awan dynasty, an Elamite dynasty of Iran*Awan , a South Asian tribe*Awan , Azad Kashmir and Jammu and Kashmir dynasty*Awan *Awan languages, spoken in South America...
villages.
Gujar Khan Tehsil
Gujar Khan TehsilGujar Khan Tehsil
Gujar Khan Tehsil, head-quartered at Gujar Khan, is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan...
is home to a variety of communities; the town of Gujar Khan is multi-ethnic, having taken in refugees from Kashmir and East Punjab, as well as immigrants from others parts of the country.
The rural Union Councils are generally held by Gakhar
Gakhar
Gakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
, Gujar
Gujjar
The Gurjar are an ethnic group in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Alternative spellings include Gurjara, Gujar, Gurjjara and Gūrjara. The spelling Gurjara or Gurjar is preferable to the rest....
, Jat, Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
(Mial
Mial
Mial, or more correctly pronounced Miyal are a Rajput tribe found mainly in northern districts of Punjab, Pakistan. They are one of a number of small clans of Muslim agriculturists scattered over the Pothohar plateau region, who claim to be Rajput. According to some traditions, the Mial are Qureshi...
, Manhas, Bangial
Bangial
The Bangial, or sometime spelt Bangyal are a tribe of Rajputs found principally in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan. They also to be a found in the Jhelum, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts of the Punjab.-History and origins:...
, Kanyal, Bhakral
Bhakral
The Bhakral are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Another pronunciation is Pakhral, particularly in Rawalpindi.Their population according to the 1931 census of India, was 6,600...
, Bhatti, Janjua, and Gungal
Gungal
The Gungal are a Rajput tribe, found in the Pothohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.-History and origin:The Gungal are a tribe, that claims to be Chandravanshi Rajputs. They claim descent from Gungal, a Bhatti Rajput....
etc) and Awan
Awan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
tribes.
This tehsil
Tehsil
A Tehsil or Tahsil/Tahasil , also known as Taluk and Mandal, is an administrative division of some country/countries of South Asia....
is only one in Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi District
Rawalpindi is a district of Pakistan in the north of the Punjab province which contains the city of Rawalpindi. The district has an area of . It was part of Rawalpindi Division, until the year 2000 when the division was abolished...
where there is a substantial community of Jats. Along the Kallar Syedan Tehsil
Kallar Syedan Tehsil
Kallar Syedan is a tehsil of the Rawalpindi District. On 1st July 2004 Kallar Syedan became the seventh tehsil of Rawalpindi District, prior to which it was a part of the Kahuta Tehsilpopulation 1million 90 thousand people. 23 patwars. 1 police station. 7 union councils. literacy rate 62%. 99...
border, there are several villages of Sandhu
Sandhu
Sandhu or Sindhu is a Jatt of Jat ethnicity found in Iraq, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir in India and also in Pakistan...
Jats, who arrived in the region in the 18th century. Other clans in the tehsil include the Cheema
Cheema
Cheema is a Jatt of Jat ethnicity found inPunjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and also in Pakistan.Cheemas are one of the two major sub clans of Jats along with other Jat clans like Sandhu, Grewal, Pannu, Uppal etc.. .Historically, this tribe has held considerable tracts in the upper Rechna Doab since...
, Chhina
Chhina
Chhina is a Jat clan of India and Pakistan.-Traditional origin and history:According to Horace Rose, the Bahawalpur Chhina genealogy gives them common origin with the Wattu. They claim origin from Chhina, a descendant of Jaypal, the brother of Rajpal, from whom are descended the Wattu. The Muslim...
, Bains, Kalyal, Aura, and the Khingar
Khingar
The Khinger or Khingar are a gotra of Bhatti Rajputs, found in the Potohar region of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Khingar are found mainly in Jhelum District, and Gujar Khan Tehsil of Rawalpindi District. Like many other Potohar tribes, they claim to both of Jat and Bhatti Rajput status...
, some of whom are Rajput, while others are Jats.
Kahuta TehsilKahuta TehsilKahuta Tehsil is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The neighbouring Tehsil of Kotli Sattian used to be part of Kahuta, but was later created as a separate tehsil.-History:...
Another district dominated by RajputRajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
tribes, such the satti
Satti
The Satti is a Rajput tribe of Punjab, India/Pakistan. They are one of the main tribes of India and Pakistan Rawalpindi District.-Religion:...
, Janjua, Mangral
Mangral
The Mangral are a Rajput warrior clan and the historical founders and rulers of Kotli and Poonch. Their ancestor Raja Mangar Pal was the founder of the City of Kotli in modern Azad Kashmir...
, Kethwal
Kethwal
The Kethwals are a tribe of Pakistan, they are believed to originate from Kerman in Iran. They had travelled eastwards and settled the hills and established self-government. According to census of India 1881 total population of Kethwals at that time was 1,834. They had occupied five villages in...
, Khatril
Khatril
The Khatril are a tribe found in Pakistan, almost exclusively in Rawalpindi District. They were included among the Dhund Abbasi in the 1921 census...
and Bhatti. The hilly portion of the tehsil is held by the Jasgam
Jasgam
The Jasgam or sometime pronounced Jaskham are a tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan.-History and origin:The Jasgam claim decent from the Abbasi family, the former Caliphs of Baghdad. According to their traditions, they are descended from Jasgam, who belonged to the Dhund Abbasi tribe, a...
Abbasi and Dhund Abbasi. In addition, the district is also home to a large number of Gakhar
Gakhar
Gakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
s and Awan
Awan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
s.
Taxila TehsilTaxila TehsilTaxila Tehsil, head-quartered at Taxila, is one of the seven Tehsils of Rawalpindi District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. According to the 1998 census has a population of 151,000.-Administration:...
This tehsil is home to AwanAwan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
, Khattar
Khattar
Khattar , is an upper caste Pushtun tribe in Afghanistan and Punjabi, in Punjab, it is variously classified asJatt and Khatri caste in India.-Origins:...
, Gujar
Gujjar
The Gurjar are an ethnic group in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Alternative spellings include Gurjara, Gujar, Gurjjara and Gūrjara. The spelling Gurjara or Gurjar is preferable to the rest....
and Alpial
Alpial
The Alpials are a Muslim Rajput tribe, found mainly in Rawalpindi District of Punjab, Pakistan. According to 1931 census of India, their approximate population was 4,500.- History and origins :...
Rajputs.
The border with Attock District
Attock District
Attock District is a district in the north-west Punjab Province of Pakistan.The district was created in April 1904 by the merger of Talagang Tehsil in the Jhelum District with the Pindigheb, Fatehjang and Attock tehsils from Rawalpindi District of the Punjab province of British India.Attock...
is almost entirely held by the Awan
Awan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
, Gujjar
Gujjar
The Gurjar are an ethnic group in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Alternative spellings include Gurjara, Gujar, Gurjjara and Gūrjara. The spelling Gurjara or Gurjar is preferable to the rest....
and Khattar
Khattar
Khattar , is an upper caste Pushtun tribe in Afghanistan and Punjabi, in Punjab, it is variously classified asJatt and Khatri caste in India.-Origins:...
tribes.
The family of the Alpial Chaudrys of Chakri is fairly prominent.
Rawalpindi Tehsil
Rawalpindi Tehsil includes the city of Rawalpindi and sarrounding countryside. The city is multi-ethnic, with large communities of immigrant PashtunPashtun people
Pashtuns or Pathans , also known as ethnic Afghans , are an Eastern Iranic ethnic group with populations primarily between the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan and the Indus River in Pakistan...
s. However, two communities, the Parachas and Kashmiris
Kashmiri people
The Kashmiri people are a Dardic linguistic group living in Kashmir Valley in Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir and parts of the Pakistani territory of Azad Kashmir who speak the Kashmiri language...
have always been historically connected with city. The rural areas are home mainly to Mughal
Mughal (tribe)
The term Mughal is simply a Turkic word and many groups in India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh use the term Mughal to describe themselves...
, Gakhar
Gakhar
Gakhar may refer to:*Gakhars, an ancient clan predominantly in present day Punjab, Pakistan.*Gakhar Hindus, the Hindu section of the Gakhar clan*Ghakhar Mandi, a small city in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan...
, Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
and Awan
Awan (Pakistan)
Awan , is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin, living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan...
tribes. The Dhamial
Dhamial (Rajput)
The Dhamial Rajputs of the Pothohar Plateau are a branch of the famed Janjua Rajput clan. The Janjua Rajput is a highly dominant royal warrior clan of Northern India and Pakistan...
and Ranial Rajputs
Ranial Rajputs
The Ranial Rajputs of Rawalpindi are a branch of the Janjua Rajput clan. The Janjua Rajput is a royal warrior clan of Northern India and Pakistan. They are known as the most Valiant Kshatriyas of Punjab...
are two important clans, with villages near the city. Other important Rajput clans are the Bhakral
Bhakral
The Bhakral are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Another pronunciation is Pakhral, particularly in Rawalpindi.Their population according to the 1931 census of India, was 6,600...
, Bhatti, Minhas
Minhas
Minhas or Manhas or Minhas-Dogra is a Suryavanshi Rajput clan from the Punjab region and Jammu & Kashmir in India and Pakistan. It is an off-shoot of Jamwal-Dogra Rajputs, the founders of the city and state of Jammu and its rulers from ancient times to 1948 CE...
and Janjua, who form the four largest tribes in the tehsil. In addition, other Rajput clans include the Adrah, Baghial
Baghial
The Baghial are a Rajput tribe of Punjab, Pakistan. The tribe is found chiefly in the Rawalpindi District, where they occupy five villages in the Gujar Khan Tehsil. They also to be a found in the Jhelum, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts of the Punjab and Mirpur and Kotli Districts of Azad Kashmir...
, Bhakral
Bhakral
The Bhakral are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Another pronunciation is Pakhral, particularly in Rawalpindi.Their population according to the 1931 census of India, was 6,600...
, Bains
Bains (Jat)
Bains is a gotra of Jat found in Punjab, India and Punjab, it is also suggest that Wains is an alternate spelling of Bains in Pakistan.-History and origin:There are a number of theories as to the origin of the Bains....
, Chauhan
Chauhan
Chauhan, Chouhan or Chohan , , - is a clan who ruled parts of northern India in the Middle Ages. The clan is most famous for Rajput King Maharaja Prithviraj Chauhan...
, Kanyal, Mattal, Mial
Mial
Mial, or more correctly pronounced Miyal are a Rajput tribe found mainly in northern districts of Punjab, Pakistan. They are one of a number of small clans of Muslim agriculturists scattered over the Pothohar plateau region, who claim to be Rajput. According to some traditions, the Mial are Qureshi...
, Nagyal
Nagyal
Nagyal, sometimes pronounced as Nangyal and also written as Nagial are a Rajput-Jat tribe found mainly in Rawalpindi District, Gujar Khan, Daultala, Jhelum and Gujrat Districts of Punjab, Mirpur District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir...
, Nagral
Nagral
The Nagral, sometimes pronounced Nagrial, are a Muslim Rajput tribe found in the province of Punjab in Pakistan. They are found mainly in the tehsils of Gujar Khan and Kahuta. There customs are similar to neighbouring tribes of Rajput status as the Kanial and Jatal. The main Nagral villages are...
, Nagrawal, Ratial
Ratial
The Ratial are Rajput tribe, found in the Pothohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.-History and origin:There are two traditions as to the origin of the Ratial tribe....
and Sarral. The tehsil is also home to small community of Jats, the Gondal, Chatha
Chatha
Chatha ) is a Punjabi Jatt tribe that inhabits parts of the Punjab in India and Pakistan. - History :The Chatha tribe were originally settled Gujranwala District, in which district they hold 184 villages...
and Thathal are three important Jat clans in the tehsil.
See also
- Tribes and clans of the Pothohar PlateauTribes and clans of the Pothohar PlateauThe Potohar plateau, or sometimes pronounced Pothohar Plateau , is a large region of plateau situated in northern Punjab, Pakistan. It is bounded on the east by the Jhelum River, on the west by the Indus River, on the north by the Kala Chitta Range and the Margalla Hills, and on the south by the...
- Jat clans of Rawalpindi DivisionJat clans of Rawalpindi DivisionBelow is a list of Muslim Jat clans and their population of the Rawalpindi Division of Punjab, drawn up for 1911 Census of India. In 1911, the Rawalpindi Division consisted of five districts, Rawalpindi, Sargodha, Attock, Jhelum, Mianwali and Gujrat.The appearance of a particular tribe as Jat in...
- Muslim Rajput clans of Rawalpindi DivisionMuslim Rajput clans of Rawalpindi DivisionBelow is a list of Muslim Rajput clans and their population of the Rawalpindi Division of Punjab, drawn up for 1911 Census of India. In 1911, the Rawalpindi Division consisted of six districts, Rawalpindi, Sargodha, Attock, Jhelum, Mianwali, and Gujrat. The appearance of a particular tribe as...